… TTTUSWAY, NOWMNIBER 21, 1946 - TI FMITTWANDAI PACIF T1FTAE Big ine Representative T Play In Rope Bowl Army Out In Cold As Pacific Coast Directors Vote To StartPact This Year New Year's Day Classic Likely To Find Southern California or UCLA Host to Illinois or Michigan By The Associated Press BERKELEY, Calif., Nov. 20 - The Pacific Coast Conference and the Big Nine of the Western Conference hitched their football wagons to the R...…
…II THE MICHIGAN DAILY THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1946 Scientific Re IN SPITE OF spending more actual hard cash on scientific research than any other country in the world, according to recent reports, it appears that the United States is not spending the cash in the proper way to assure keeping ahead in achievement as well. Though our total figure of $1,500,000,000 a year looks impressive next to a figure of $950,- 000,000 for Russia, the hal...…
… THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1946 THE MICHIGAN DATTY -; - Sophs To Present TrnditionclCobcret In League Dec. 7 Proceeds Will Benefit Fresh Air Camp; Affair To Feature Dancing in Ballroom, Floorshow Written, Produced by Coeds "Soph Tale-Spin," the 1946 edition of the annual Soph Cabaret, will be presented from 8:30 p.m. to midnight Saturday, Dec. 7, in the League. This year's theme is based on nurs- ery rhymes. The League Ballroom will b...…
…PAGE SIX THE MICHIGAN DAILY TF[Ti'RgDAY, N(}WNMER 21, HI PAGE SIX TTT1JT~4DAY, NOVFMBETt 21, 1946 I I Public Administration Course Lauded b Graduate Students -A I Moonshine Will Oust Sunshine Ini Saturday MorningEclipse By CINDY REIGAN Complete satisfaction with the or- ganization of the Institute of Public Administration has been expressed by students now enrolled in this new- DAILY OFFICIAL1 BULLETIN (Continued from Page 5) tonight ...…
… MUTUAL FAIR PLAY See Page 4 Y Latest Deadline in the State 434 i1 PARTLY CLOUDY MILD VOL. LVII, No. 50 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1946 PRICE FIVE CENTS 1Army eady To Give A id In Coal OPA Opposes General Rent Ceiling Raise Congress Alone Can Make Change WASHINGTON, Nov. 19-(AP) - OPA today was represented by a highly-placed official as "strongly opposed" to a general increase in rent ceilings but favoring deco...…
…0 PAGE TWO T HE MICHIGAN DAILY WEDNESDAY, NOVELMBER 20, 1946 U STUDENT INITIATIVE: Residents of Willow Village Plan Varied Social Activities The students living in the Willow Village dormitories are now taking the lead in the effort to increase their own social and recreational activities. A social committee, composed of representatives from every dorm, has been meeting regularly to plan so- clal events. A student dance com- mittee, mad...…
… WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 146 THE. RIMICAN DAILY PAGE THRE'I -- v . ,r. __ _ Il Big Nine Marks Threatened In Season's Finales Saturday Chappuis Nears Offensive, Passing Records; Mann Vies for Total Yardage on Receptions ---------- . . . . ..... . ................ . - --. CHICAGO, Nov. 19-0P)-Big Nine football has hit its postwar groove as attested by the fact that 11 individ- ual performance records may tumble as the league race closes n...…
…FOUR THE MICHIGAN ,DAILY WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1946 Mutual Fair Play MORE THAN 78,000 coal miners were idle and pits in seven states closed yesterday as the United States District Court ordered John L. Lewis to end the soft coal strike threat. If tlj/ threat is carried out in the face of the govern- ment's temporary injunction, 400,000 miners will walk off the job, thereby undermining the en- tire American economy. That John L. Lewis w...…
… WE, DNESDAY, NOVEMER 20, 1946 TH MT.CTTTGA N4A. _ P . J -D- .1....U. pn : S WO. 11. 1 1 4.72'H~f11{ LIATTV ra , r A4i -- Gym Jam Ticket Sales Begin Today Number of Admissions Will Be Limited; Sports Event To Feature Varied Program Ticket sales for the WAA Gym Jam, to be held from 8 p.m. to mid- night Friday in Waterman and Bar- bour Gyms, will begin today on the center diagonal. The tickets are scheduled to be sold from 9 a.m. to n...…
…PAGE SIX THE MICHIGAN DAILY WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1946 I. R. A. LECTURE TONIGHT: New Masses' Editor To Talk On Historical Role of Negro OUT THAR ... at the Village Herbert Apthecker, associate edi- tor of the New Masses, will discuss "The Historical Role of the Negro in the United States" at 7:30 p.m. today in the Union ballroom under the aus- pices of the Inter-Racial Association. Apthecker, who rose from private to major in the Unit...…
… DISCHARGES 'WITHOUT HONOR' See Page 2 3fw A ~~at CLOUDY, SNOW Latest Deadline in the State VOL. LVII, No. 49 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, NOVEMLBER 19, 1946 PRICE FIVE CENTS 'U'Loans Boon To Checkless Vets Approximately 1,000 Needy Students Take Advantage of Emergency Fund With thousands of student veterans' checks bogged down in a seem- ingly bottomless mire of Veterans Administration red tape, the University is coming through in a ...…
…PAGE TWO THE MICHIGAN DAILY TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 1946 PAGE TWO TLJESbAY, NOVEMBER 19, 1946 Discharges 'Without Honor' FOR ABOUT 20,000 veterans the GI Bill. of Rights doesn't even exist. They are the men who, for some reason or other, were separated from the service "without honor." This doesn't' mean that they were discharged dishonorably; it means that they got one of the in-between, one of the so-called "blue" discharges. These "with...…
… TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 1946 THE MICHIGAN DAILY VA01 T UM THE MTCHcZAN rbA. PGE LK it *'' ._ DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN (Continued from Page 2) -An Aspect of the. American Occu- pation of Germany," and Prof. Laur- ence C. Stuart, "Geographical Com- ments on the Herpetological Fauna of Aeta Vera Paz, Guatemala." Debaters: All debaters who evpect to debate the labor question are re- quested to meet at 7:30 p.m., Wed., in Rm. 225, Angell Hall. ...…
…w AE FOu THE MICHIGAN DAILY TTTE,4D.,V, NOVE-TMER 19, 19Ut Gen. Ramey, Bikini Expert, To Speak Here Use of A-Bomb, Topie Of Thursday's Lecture 1 The commander of the world's only atom-bombing organization, Brig.- Gen. Rogei M. Ramey, will discuss the use of the bomb for the defense' of our country and the prevention of' future wars at 8:30 p.m. Thursday in Hill Auditorium. . General Ramey will give the fourth7 lecture of this year's Orato...…
… COLLEGE ROUND-UP See page 3 41F- L Latest Deadline in the State Dait SNOW, COLDER VOL. LVII, No. 48 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1946 lveine Power Crushes Ba gers, PRICE FIVE CENTS 28-6 Russian Use of Veto Brings British Attack Big Five Opposes (charter Changes By The Associated Press LAKE SUCCESS, N. Y., Nov. 16- Great Britain today leveled a strong attack against Russia's use of the veto as preparations went ahead for a ...…
…l/nteritINS of %/iichit-jan LrrERt A R Y MAGAZLNE Fiction CAPTAIN SQUEEKY PEACE IN OUR TIME. .. . . . DON THORNBURY JUDITH LAIKIN w i ! " i i i # ry VOYAGE ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . MACK WOODRUFF THE BARGAIN .... . . ...9 . . . . . . DONALD LaBADIE Art by MARION CARLETON LEO TEHOLIZ ART DANTO Essay by JOHN HOWARD Book Review by KAY ENGEL Poetry by CID CORMAN WILLIAM GRAM VIRGIL CLARK MARTHA DIEFFENBACHER VOLUME Two NUMBER O...…
…PAGE TWO THE MICHIGAN DAILY 1 D411" 1tiOVEll rB-E Z 17, 1946 PAGE TWO S'UNDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1946 MICHIGAN SURVEY: Revenue for State Operations Supplied by Only 33 Counties Only 33 of Michigan's 83 counties were self-supporting during the fiscal year 1944-45, according to figures Just released by Michigan Survey, a state taxpayers organization. Washtenaw County was one of the self-supporting counties appearing on the Survey list. These 3...…
…Page Two PERSPECTIVES Page TwoPER SPECTTVF-S Perspectives Editor .............. Margery Wald Associate Editors ... ....... Doris Cohen, Russ LaDue, Don Thornbury Literary Staff: Stan Bradshaw, Cid Corman, Don Curto, June Friedenberg, Joan Lochner, June Miller, Dave Stewart Art Editors .............................Marion Carleton, Leo Teholiz Sophomore Staff Marge Granse, Norma Levy, Doris Pfeffer, Henry Schmer Advisory Board ... Arno L. Bad...…
… SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 17, ' 1946 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAGE SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1q46 PAGE COLLEGE ROUND-UP: Kilroy Meets Untimely End at Minnes ta Carillon Recital To End Current Series by Giles STUDENT & OFFICE SUPPLIES TYPEWRITERS Bought, Sold, Rentbd, Repaired 0. D. MORUILL 314 S. State St. Phone 7177 s ", UNWANTED HAIR Permanently Removed! Short wave method-Faster, Painless Phone 6373 First National Bldg. I Keep A-Head Of Your Hair L...…
…P RSPECTIVES Pace Three cDoAPhrTAINbUY ..Don T hornbur- ... of wandering forever and the earth again.,. .of seed-time, bloom, and the mellow-dropping harvest. And of the big flowers, the rich flowers, the strange unknown flowers. Where shall the weary rest? When shall the lonely of heart come home? What doors are open for the wanderer? And which of us shall find his father, know his face, and in what place, and in what time, and in what la...…
…sEUU THE MICHIGAN DAILYs SUNDAY, NOVEMBER17, 1946 To Expedite VA Checks , I' Recordings TMERE ARE SOME of us who work to fill in the gap between missing veterans' checks. A few have rich uncles. Nobody depends on the VA very much. There's a good reason for it too. Under the pr s ent svstem here's what happens when you errity if you're a vet: files a copy of your eligibility e v sity and sends another to _,higan. Jackson forwards it to i)...…
…Page Four PERSPECTIVES , _. PEACE IN OUR TIME 0. .. Judith Laikini A',MNON scuffed his bare feet along the path, rousing angry puffs of dust behind him. He had long ago learned to hate the dust that made the settlers work so hard to turn it into the good soil that would finally grow live things. The dust was heavy and gray, and where it had not settled too thickly one could see its brother the sand, heavy also, but more yellow. He paused b...…
… THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAGE FIVE F Sale of Tickets for Gym Jam Will Open Wednesday on Diag Event To Be Given In Combined Gyms Tickets for the WAA Gym Jam, to be held from 8 p. m. to midnight Friday, will go on sale Wednesday and Thursday on the Diagonal. According to Betty Eaton, ticket chairman, the tickets will be avail- able from 9 a. m. to noon and from 1 p. m. to 4 p. m. at the center Di- agonal. A limited number of tickets will be sol...…
…PERSPECTIVEq Pagerive A PRIMER FOR DYLAN TH"OMAS ... John Howard To understand the poetry of Dylan Thomas on its simpler levels it is nec- essary to know that he is young, that he is Welsh, and that he is a writer. In this country he is probably best known in an anonymous way, as the author of scripts for certain British documentary films. But readers of the New Direc- tions catalog will find listed there thsee volumes by Mr. Thomas, with a...…
…THE MICHIGAN DAILY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1946 'M '-Badger Sidel ghis Bob Mann, an end until yesterday obscured in the seemingly inexausti- ble supply of Maize and Blue ends, made 62,000 shivering fans forget the others by turning in the most im- pressive performance of any player on either squad. Among other things, Mann snagged two passes for touchdowns and ran 20 yards on an end around. He was all alone on Wisconsin's 34 when he stepped j...…
…Pa:ix PERS PECTI V ES x ss ,i ... . ............ ..... ... ,. .... _.._ .._, MYAGE . .. Mack Woodruf f (EDIToR's NOTE: Wve wish to call at- tention to this story as being the only suannscript submitted to PRSPECT1VES by a freshman. We accepted it because of its literary serit, but wec hope it will1 encourag ycontribbtions from all unser- graduates, regardless of class.) WTHEN the Fort Ridley returns to an- ama she is a young-old ship. She...…
… SUNDAY, NOVEMBER. 17, 1946 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAGE SEVEN Illini Triumph over Ohio State 16-7 To Retain Big°Nim e Lead Wolverine 'B' Team Sweeps To 40-7 Victory over Badgers Wisniewski Leads Jayvee Scoring Parade As Yedinak, Traugot Also Shine on Offense Roundup of Top Grid Battles Wisconsin's jayvees opened like a steamroller yesterday morning but rapidly ran out of gas as the Michi- gan B team swept to its sixth victory of the year,...…
…P E*R SPECTI VE ,S AlKp s o, THE BARGAIN ... Donald LaBadie N A WAY, since it happened after he had stopped speaking to me, I don't feel quite so much this sensation of not being in the right which is probably, after all, only wonder and bewilder- ment. He lowered his eyes every time he met me in the hall those last two weeks and hugged the side of the wall as if I might reach out and touch him. In a sense he cut me off from his life so tha...…
…PAGE EIGHT THE MICHIGAN DAILY S AMY, NOVEMBER 17, 1Hd THE-MI---------TL SUNDAY, NOVEMBEr .,.: +.R 1.v w v a r i A T. A LIT TT ?3V'7 I: A"ID W T"V7 T1vTr n ivAwuLi YUll t NJUWii1jr: 'Better, Faster Planes' Is Kuethe 's Watchword By HARRY LEVINE EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the seventh article in a weekly series on faculty personalities. When Arnold Kuethe, professor of aerodynamics here, was just out of college in 1927 and Lindbergh had f...…
…Page Eight PERSPECTIVES PageE h PERSPECTIVES The Children's Crusade Copper nickels, silver gin Pay my way to peep-show sin. Pied the piping, pied the typing Tatoo of the drummer's wand Tuning breathing to the seething Boogie-woogie vagabond. Juke the jinxer, juke the knave Bewitching children to the cave. The silver trumpet's screamin' The snaky clarinet demon Lure my pumping heart to blast her Capillary food-stuff faster While the tinny co...…
… FRAUDS ENUMERATED Sep Page 41 Yl r e Latest Deadline in the State *aii4& CLOUDY, COLDER But don't let it keep you from the game VOL. LVII No. 47 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 1946 PRICE FIVE CENTS Big Five Will Discuss Veto Curb Monday Revvin Talks Molotov Approves By The Associated Press LAKE SUCCESS, N. 'Y., Nov. 15- The Big Five agreed tonight to begin consultations, probably Monday, on a plan for softening the use of...…
…BAGE TWO Arbitration Agreement Ends Strike by TWA Airline Pilots Tm MICHIG~AN 14A IT.' SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 1946 ________________11____________- .L .'.'-i. . 11 .x"1 \ .A ' L..A1X . SA u vRDaY. NO fr~~VMBrE. R 1G. 194 9 WASHINGTON, Nov. 15- (P) - The global strike of Transworld Air- lines ended today with agreement to arkitrate and its first flights since. October 21 were posted for tomor- row. However, it may be December 1 before the l...…
… AT, NOVEMBER 10, 1044 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PACE T: ~LY, NOVEMDETL V~, 194f~ PAGE t~J 10 Badgers Menace Michigan's Title Hopes Today OLE OAK POST: Pritula in Wolverine LineF After Three Year Absence ? By CHUCK STRIC1KLAND Bill' Pritula is a good tackle by anybody's standards, but more than any laurels he has received for his football prowess, he appreciate most his membership in TLETGITVA. TLETGITVA, Exclusive Club TLETGITVA is a ve...…
…THE MTCHIGAl'ti1' DATIN SATURDAY. 'C OVEMRF.n. 1V, Put! THE .,M1CaVU A N1':1 ltA1T " ~AT1flAj z'~,ni n l~- -,-...''.,''V V G5$JJ.DZ6Jb L 1 ,1411 I Frauds Enumerated ALL OF US who are interested in student gov- ernment are probably wondering just how many fraudulent elections the Student Legis- lature will be able to survive. Certainly no one who participated actively in the recent election will deny that at least half of the election rul...…
… SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 194 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAGE FIVE Campus Casbah Will Feature Foreign Student Entertainment Program To Initiate Campus WSSF Drive; All Proceeds To Be Contributed to Fund C- 'K2 The floorshow of the Campus Cas- bah, open from 8 p.m. to midnight today in the League Ballroom, will feature a cast of foreign students with an International Night theme. This weekend's entertainment will herald the World Service Student F...…
…PAGE SIX THE WCHIGA.N DAMP SATURDA P, N(3VI:NMER IC, ,1940 1 1MIHGN AI SATURDAY, NOVEMTIER IC. i~4fl I Taber Seeks Payroll Slash To Cot Budget Forecasts for GOP Senate Posts Made WASHINGTON, Nov. 15 - (P) - Rep. Taber (Rep., N. Y.), chairman- to-be of the House Appropriations Committee, called for a "meat axe" today to lop 1,000,000 federal workers from the payroll as a step toward a $9,000,000,000 budget reduction. Taber set the $9,000,...…
… #: MOOT Y 4bp Daitip FAIR AND COOL QUESTION See Page 4 Latest Deadline in the State VOL. LVII, No. 46 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 15, 1946 " +N.T't ,St uden tt Election Resu its DIsclosed University Committee Leads with 12 Paces; Candidate Charges Fraud Re ublic ans Draft Legislative Plan * * * * * * The new members of the Student Legislature who will take office Wed- nesday were announced last night Results of the ...…
…PAGE TWO THE MICHIGAN DAILY ]FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 15, 1946 PAGE TWO rRIDAY, NOVEMBER 15, 1946 New Equipment To Improve Courses in Metal Processing EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the second of a series of three articles on the metal processing department laboratories. The large variety of new equip- ment received by the metal pro- cessing department will make it possible to improve and extend courses coordinating design, mater- ials and manufacturing...…
… THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAGE TIC ........... . ........ ................ Eight Ex- Wolverines In Badger Clothing To Play Tomorrow Michigan spreads the welcome- mat for the University of Wiscon- sin tomorrow, and for at least eight of the Badger gridders it's going to be a private homecoming weekend. Half of the men whom Coach Harry Stuldreher has picked for his opening lineup are familiar figures on the Wolverine campus, for it was only th...…
…THE MICHIGAN DAILY FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 15, .. . Republican Landslide BILL MAULDIN CINEMA THE recent Republican landslide in the Con- gressional elections serves irrefutable notice to all politicians of the frame of mind possessed by the American people. Since The Daily has carried so many editorials expounding the Dem- ocratic points of view, we should like to make clear a program which, although it is not an of- ficial Republican program...…
… FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 15, 1946 THE MICHIG~AN DAILY PAVE Erva i ii LJ 1 11V 111V1-S1\ L1'11 L.1 - Prl~UL! U 1?j 4 Campus Casbah Entertainment Will Feature Foreign Students Al I Profits To Aid Student Fund "International Night" will be the there of this week's Campus Casbah, and all the entertainers in the floor- show will be foreign students. This weekend's entertainment will herald the opening of the World Service Student Fund drive which ...…
…PAGE SIX TIE MICHIGAN DAILY Ancient Jap Abacus Vies With Modern CalculatingMachine Campus Highlights By HAROLD JACKSON, Jr. Having trouble with that account- ing lab? Perhaps you need an aba- cus. An abacus is the ancient, Oriental calculator which defeated the latest American calculating machine in a recent mathematical contest held in Tokyo. There are several on the cam- pus of the University, including one owned by Prof. Norman H. Ann...…
… INFLATION OR ADJUSTMENT? , See Page 2 1MwA6 4 t CLOUDY, COOL Latest Deadline in the State VOL. LVII, No. 45 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, ThURSDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 1946 PRICE -FIVE CENTS Three Groups Joi Zoning Change Fight Protest Extension Of Business Area Three campus groups have added their voices to residents along Wash- tenawand SouthrUniversity Avenues in protesting a proposed amendment to the city zoning ordinance. Fight Amendment Bruce Lo...…
…PAGE TWO- THE MICHIGAN DAILY THURSDAY, N'OVEIVMER 14, 1946 PAGE TWO~ TIITJRSDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 194(~ Interpreting Price Rises Inflation THERE can be no doubt that the recent $100 hike in new car prices is another sign of the inflationary trend which American businessmen have been following since the end of the war. The arguments which they have presented: that supply cannot be increased under their OPA ceilings-that supply can only be mad...…
… THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 1940 THE MICHIGAN DAILY Inu ug / [Ue Thupnin9 hi'aTime With MURRAY GRANT ALTHOUGH Michigan and Wisconsin have been football rivals for over 50 years, Saturday's renewal of the series marks only the 20th time these two teams have met. The last time the Wolverines and Badgers met was in 1944 when a' Michigan team studded with Naval trainees defeated the Badgers, 14-0. Two long runs, one of 86 yards by Bill Culligan, w...…
…P Gr ru THE MICHIGAN DAILY TITUI 9D&T, NW)VFMIRFI3. 14, I.W. PAG1~ FOIJTI THTTR5J AV, NOVEMB~U 14, 1Mt~ Village FEPC Goal Will Be Reachedn-Lyon The goal of 1,000 signatures on pe- titions being circulated at Willow Village for a state Fair Employment Practices Commission will be he reached if the present trend con- tinues, Ollie Lyon, chairman of the Village FEPC campaign, predicted yesterday. Lyon said that one solicitor had ob- tained 4...…
… ATOMIC COMMISSION See Page 4 1MwA6 I uitjj CLEAR, COLD Latest Deadline in the State VOL. LVII, No. 44 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1946 PRICE FIVE CENTS Set Record First Day Vote For Legislature Over 4,000 Ballots Cast By Students, Voting For 27 Positions Will End Today. Over 4,000 ballots, a record first-day vote, were cast yesteday in the Student Legislature elections. With one day still left in the race of 73 candid...…
…PAGE TWO THE MICHIGAN DAILY WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1943 I I - I DR. ALLEN SAYS: Chinese Reds' Land, Religious Policies Changed During War The more radical aspects of land ownership and religious policy in Communist areas of China have been generally alleviated in the last eight years, Dr. Stuart Allen, for- mer superintendent of the United Church of Canada Mission Hospital in Chungking, said in a recent in- terview.t Dr. Allen spent 17 ...…
… WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1946 TH MICHIGAN A ll , . ~ PAGE THRElt ' 1 11 !.I E 1CTV .1TVE2"'1 \N r1"AlJT1 a Asxx;t A JULAAMM M Eight Ex-'M' Gridders Among Badger Players Wolverines Hold Fourteen-to-Four Margin Over Wisconsin in Rivalry Begun in 1892 MADISON, Wis., Nov. 11-Michi- gan football fans will find at least eight familiar faces in the Univer- sity of Wisconsin squad when the Badgers take to the gridiron at Ann Arbor Saturday after...…
…PAGE FOUR THE MICHIGAN DAILY WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1946 PAGE FOUR WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1946 I I Atomic Energy Commission, ME duties of the new Atomic Energy Com- mission, headed by former TVA chief David E. Lilienthal, have been announced. They can be divided into three main classes: those designed strictly for defensive precautions against irre- sponsible exploitation and foreign aggression; offensive preparations against potential...…
