Search Results

…Friday, April 2, 1943 THE JEWISH NEWS Page Thirteen British Lords Take Steps To Rescue Jews in Europe H. Leivick, Noted Poet, to Appear In Program Here 'Joint American British Statement of Plan to Aid Victims Author of 'The Golem' to Tell Newcomer to Detroit Given Acclaim as a Musician of Trip to Mexico, Recite With Marked Ability New Poems Tot)ight - of Nazi Terror Revealed After Stirring Plea by the Archbishop of Canterbury LONDON (...…

…Friday, April THE JEWISH NEWS Page Fourteen Congregational Activities Sabbath League Essay Contest Winners Named Morton Zieve, Shirley Frank Win Top Prizes; Jewish News To Print Best Five winners in the essay con- test sponsored by the Women's League for Sabbath Observance on the topic "What the Sabbath Means to a Jewish Child" were announced this week as follows: First prize, Morton Zieve; se- cond prize, Shirley Jane Frank; both are Sh...…

…Apri1 2, 1943 Political News THE JEWISH NEWS Obituaries Jewish Youth's Griffiths Candidate Morris Huler, '76, died on For Common Pleas Judge LISTENING March 23 at Grace Hospital, after Philip Griffiths, Detroit attorn- a five-weeks' illness. He made ey, is candidate for the post of his home for the last few years Judge of Common Pleas Court, with his son, Robert, of the Huler at the election on Monday. Beef Co., on a farm near Brigh- Mr...…

…THE JEWISH NEWS Page Sixteen Friday, April I, 1943 What's Happening in Detroit ETROIT'S Jewish community is taking forward D steps to keep our constituency fully informed on w hat is transpiring in the world affecting our people. The most important educational effort is the series of lectures sponsored by the Jewish Welfare Federation and its allied agencies and the Jewish Community Cen- ter. The first lecture, on Tuesday evening, at th...…

…'42 27th Year of Service to State and Country I; VICTORY w in I.A. on• on. Bill ker illy the last %t- ad- ing and itts inl- de- Nil] list An ion of lay sill uel ?an ies, led Ind its to on- tii Illy ore vill ion Di- or ish tee ne, E. Dr- ad- ion Iat Ely- hat e'll 41.1 , BUY VNITID STAIN, i DI SSSSS s BONDS AND 41 PS Detroit Jewish Chronicle and The Legal Chronicle_ DETROIT, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY. OCTOBER 2, 1942 VOL. 44, No...…

…THE JEWISH NEWS A Weekly Review VOL. 1—NO. 28 2114 Penobscot Bldg. RA. 7956 of Jewish Events Detroit, Michigan, October 2, 1942 34 ..1=3:61. 22 For Victory Buy U. S. War Savings Bonds And Stamps $3.00 Per Year; Single Copy 10c War Time Message To Jews of Detroit A Call for United Service in Behalf of Our Allies, Our Armed Forces and Our Neighbors By ABRAHAM SRERE President, Jewish Welfare Federation of Detroit The greatest campai...…

…2 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle Trees Planted In Palestine Fore.sts Butzel Forest—One tree in memory of Mrs. Bessie Fineberg by Dr. and Mrs. H. H. Sturman; one tree in memory of Simon Kavanow by Mrs. J. Rosenfield; one tree honoring birth of Jud- ith Fay Cohen by Mr. and Mrs. M. Ginsberg. Mizrachi Forest—Three trees in memory of Mrs. M. Eder by Eder Family Club; two trees in memory of Mrs. M. Eder by Mr. and Mrs. H. Saltz...…

…Page Two THE JEWISH NEWS Friday, October 2, 1942 Goal for War Chest Set at $5,800,000 Spring 43 Allied Campaign Eliminated by Fund Merger 51 Per Cent Goes for War Relief, Service to Armed Forces; Remainder Is For Local All-Time Services; Jewish Wel- fare Funds in Other Major Cities Join Plan Eleven organizations serving the needy in foreign lands, the armed forces of the United States and local charity will be included in the first unite...…

…October 2, 1942 n of Lorne LI by lent, the the lion. at rrner 1, is the vital !onl- pre- eon. Ind at 1 of der, nese Ian- or- on1- by the nets lore of lun- !on. Al- into ;ion for will !oils the lull lity it a the and for sort aim sort Ini- will ela- ner ion will ass of Ian ew- of de- )111- ort led he not ed. the Rill ow red tes oit Ial Ay, he ial es. a of i gs th- ta- nd .nt ee of Michigan Synagogue Conference Calls for ...…

…-Friday, October 2, 1942 THE JEWISH NEWS `And Millions Shall Die' Is Lichtheim's Prediction Of Jews' Fate in Europe Chajes Dedicates Work to Butzel 4,000 Word Article Released From Geneva By Independent Jewish Press Service Reveals Hideous Tragedies of Nazi Persecution In a 4,000-word article syndicated in this country by •the Independent Jewish Press Service, Richard Lichtheim, writing from Geneva, Switzerland, warns that the Jews of Eur...…

…4 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle Detroit Jewish Chronicle A New Wrinkle and THE LEGAL CHRONICLE Published Weekly by Jewish Chronicle Publishing Co., Inc. Joseph Goebbels, Minister of propa- ganda and enlightenment now informs the German people through the columns of his paper, Das Reich, that if they lose the war the United Nations will remove their children to foreign lands, and enslave them for twenty-five years. This ...…

…• ri Page Four THE JEWISH NEWS Friday, October 2, 1942 Breaking the Chains THE JEWISH NEWS The Weekly Sermonette Member of Independent Jewish Press Service. Jewish Tele- graphic Agency, Seven Arts Feature Syndicate, Religious News Service, Palcor News Agency, Bressler Cartoon Service, Wide World Photo Service. Published every Friday by Jewish News Publishing Co., 2114 Penobscot Bldg., Detroit, Mich. Telephone, RAndolph 7956. Sub- scri...…

…42 *my Surprises LP ill Feature Bond Auction Michigan's Governor Murray D. it into the war effort and hopes Van Wagoner will open the Viet- for a return adequate to the ory Bond Wagon Show on Satur- value of the gift. The hat will day , Oct. 3. It will be a public be auctioned on the air by George broaduzist over all Detroit sta- \V. Stark, editor of Town Talk Lions from 7 to 7:45 P. M. in in The Detroit News. the great auditorium of the An...…

…Friday, October 2, 1942 THE JEWISH NEWS 111mmnuminilmiummumwmamommumuumn Pm' ely I COMMENTARY 4 By PHILIP SLOMOVITZ =- C (Copyright, 1942, Independent Jewish Press Service) 111111111E1111MIIMUM1111111111111111111111111=1111111=1111117 Do Jews Read? Catholics of America annually issue an official statement to in- `dicate the number of newspapers and periodicals published in this •country for members of the 'church and the number of th...…

…6 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle Octobtt 1942 IN THE REALM OF LOCAL SOCIETY . Among the recent guests of Mr. and Mrs. David Touff and Mr. and Mrs. Alexander Freeman son Daniel of Denver, Colo., are at their lodge in Sturgeon Point, spending a few weeks in Detroit Michigan were: visiting with their parents, Mr.' Postmaster and Mrs. Roscoe and Mrs. Louis Fiske, and Mr. Huston of Glencoe Hills, Ypsilan- and Mrs. Louis Toe. ...…

…Page Six THE JEWISH NEWS Zedakah's Fall Tea To Be Held Oct. 19 YOUTH EDUCATION LEAGUE Youth Education League will have a membership tea at the home of Mrs. Rudy LoPatin, 16514 Baylis Ave., Monday at 1:30 p. m. The program will in- clude a book review. Members are urged to bring their friends interested in membership. • • • SISTERS OF ZION DONOR LUNCHEON ON DEC. 8 Sisters of Zion Mizrachi's sixth annual donor luncheon will be held Dec. 8 at ...…

…Ooot , ir 2, 1942 ENGAGED Oct. 4—Miss Sylvia Goldman, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. S. Goldman of Elmhurst Ave, to Frank Schumer, nephew of Mr. and Mrs. Harry Schumer. Oct. 11—Miss Shirley Levine, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Sam Levine of Collingwood Ave., to Arthur Robinson, son of Mr. and Mrs. Julius Robinson of Glynn Court. Oct. 15—Miss Jennie Hoffman, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. A. D. Hoffman of 2750 Sturtevant Ave. to Charles M. Amberg, son of Mrs...…

…Friday, Ocfol,er 2, 1942 W THEJEISH NEWS SOCIAL EVENTS -NEW Women's League To Meet Oct. 14 S OF INTEREST TO WOMEN ACTIVITIES IN SOCIETY Page Severr Hadassah Honor Roll Fete Oct. 20 Olga Fricker Directs Dancing Class for Beth El Sisterhood The League of Jewish Women's Mr. and Mrs. Louis Gump have returned to their home in John- The program for the Hadassah Organizations will hold its first son City, Term., following a short visit with ...…

…8 .L An Open Letter to All Citizens of Michigan DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle New Music Book By Young Musician Carmen Amaya at Fisher Town Hall Oct. 14 October 2, 1942 State Committees of Bnai Brith Are Named Clifford A. Prevost, correspon- the correspondents. dent for the Detroit Free Press, This is Senator Brown's first Carmen Amaya, exciting Fla- Harriet Latt is a young music- menco dancer and her troupe of Washin...…

…Marriages Saul Davidson Dies After Long Illness Pariser-Fellman: In the presence of 1.1- immediate families and a few close friends, Roslyn Helen Dr. Hershman Pays High Fellinan, daughter of Mr. and Tribute to Merchant Buried Mit;. Aaron Fellman, was united in marriage on Sept. 25, to Dr. Monday Herbert Leonard Pariser. son of High tribute to the memory Mr. and Mrs. Sol Pariser of of the late Saul Davidson was Passaic, N. J. The ceremony, wh...…

…A merico' yewish Periodical Oilier 4 2 October 2, 1942 HADASSAH (Continued from Page 1) ng ds he , :r. UT r. c; Is, 'e- r- 5- r, r. t; ii, ul e l it man of the 1942 roll of honor campaign. Mrs. Benj. Jaffe and Mrs. Seymour Frank are co- chairmen. Vice chairmen are Mrs. Milton Alexander, Mrs. Perry P. Burnstine, Mrs. Max Blumberg, Harry Barnett, Mrs. Nate Shapiro and Mrs. Herman Sten- buck, of Pontiac. Mrs. Henry Willman is chair...…

…Friday, October 2, 1942 THE JEWISH NEWS PERSONALITY SKETCH Our CHILDREN'S Schools to Honor Aaron Silberblatt CORNER UHS Membership Goal Set Dear Boys and Girls: Again, I wish you a pleasant festival. I know what happiness Shn- hath Torah will bring you this Saturday night a n d, Sunday morning, when you should at-- tend services and Rejoice in the Torah. With the holidays coming to a close, you will now have to de- c3vote yourselves very ...…

…10 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle BNAI BRITH (Continued from Page 1) from doctrinal differences, Bnai Brith has afforded a common plat- form for service on the part of all elements in the Jewish com- munity because of its universal, its objectives of interest to all Jews, and its emphasis upon the positive values in Jewish life. The dynamic growth of• the Bnai Brith, the many and varied vital causes which it serves, the r...…

…Pogo Ton Congregational Activities Grads Announced At Shaarey Zedek Young Israel Starts Educational Program Frain to Discuss Kiplinger's Book "Anti-Semitism After the War" Temple Israel Youth Sympos- Commencement Exercises to will be the subject of an address Be Held at Simchas Torah ium Will Follow Rabbi's by Rabbi Benjamin Groner, new- ly elected spiritual leader of Service Sunday Sermon Oct. 9 Congregation Shaar Hashomayim, Students w...…

…°Lieber 2, 1942 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle 912 re. ends tons, Past H. Ho. the 4rs, to gh. her yer iple fol- for rer, see- re- nd. on, Col- edo, eet- ocal on fe." day the in at el- and lace nsps of the 'on- U. had ere rib- ing rem tics 'ere the was ' nts ed, ere a on ysi- re• ion als nd, nd, >tie aw- Is° de- cal ns as at or at r- ye sh i n- Ith Jr- ed r- ad rs nd up be de le- ti- ;s ...…

…• Friday, October 2, 1942 THE JEWISH NEWS Dr. A. Tartakower To Speak Oct. 17 Jewish Youth's LISTENING POST Will Address Banquet of Lo- Page Eleven Shapero (Continued from Page 3) hearty congratulations, good wishes and hopes for health, hap- piness and public service." Mr. Webber's Greeting cal Federation of Polish Vets' Auxiliaries Choose Delegates Delegates and alternates have been elected to the 15th National Encampment of the ...…

…10 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle BNAI BRITH (Cos thawed from Paso I ) role in the drama of American Jewish history are effectively mir- rored in "This Is Bnai Brith," a book of facts edited by Bernard Postal, national publicity of Bnai Brith (Editor's note — excerpts from the book "This is Bnai Brith will appear in successive issues as a part of Know Bnai Brith.) The story of Bnai Brith of yesterday and today, pointing t...…

…What's Happening in Detroit NDIVIDED loyalty of all elements of the popula- tion is now demanded by the War Chest, which includes all war relief funds, all agencies of the Detroit Community Fund, the USO (including Jewish Welfare Board), and the Allied Jewish Campaign. It is expected that organizations will avoid con- ductingreels for funds from now until after the War Chest dr e. The Campaign will take place from Oct. 26 to Nov. 12. U Frid...…

…• America's gewisk Periodical Cotter October 2, 1942 194 CLIFTON AVENUE - CINCINNATI 20, 01110 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE ; and The Legal Chronicle 11 WII AT GOES ON secret War against America," Ambassador Lawrence Stein- keep in mind that many of the Simchas Torah Fete CARD OF THANKS hardt will soon be dropping into s u b v e r s i ve activities described Mrs. Samuel J. Almug and Washington for a spell to report were first exposed by n...…

…DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE 0-3 The Legal Chronicle J. W. V. (Continued fro= Page I) Contributions to the Jewish Home for Aged MESSAGE (Continued from Pape day. Oct. 11. Many representatives from the Army, government, as well as veteran groups will add' sss the convention. Ben Kaufman, Con- gressional Medal of Honor man and present national commander, will direct the convention. 1) _ Young Israel Groups To Meet in Different Sections of D...…

…Detroit Jewish Chronicle and The Legal Chronicle 2, 1942 DETROIT, MICHIGAN. FRIDAY, VOL. 44, NO. 1 Co nimunity Council Committees Announeed for the Coming Year • Appointments Made by James 1. Ellmann. President; Unity Appeal Made to U. S. J ewish roil s ti, .: 10c Single Copy: $3.00 Per Yeat JANUARY Recommend 6 ews for U. S Flying Cross Dr.eg O Klineb r pens r Th e Cente Lecture Series on Tuesday j Prominent Leaders Head Defense and ...…

…DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and the Legal Chronicle 2 You Can Buy QUALITY KOSHER MEAT with Confidenze from Aaron B. Margolis Kosher Meat LI Poultry Market 11632 DEXTER BLVD. TO. 8.8118-9 (Between Burlingame and Webb) Next to lire/ore'. Detroit's Favorite Rendezvous The coziness Carry-Out 2 Noted Speakers Beth El College to Offer Unique For Luncheon of Course 4n "Why I Am What I Am" Pioneer Women The Beth El College of Jewish tian Scient...…

…January 2, 1942 For Sale--Apartment Property 3 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and the Legal Chronicle Medical Review of 1942 New Years Resolution "Medical Leaves," a review of source of trouble. His name will the Jewish medical world, of Pal- go down in history as a man of estinian medicine and medical his- science and at the tame time as tory, entered its fourth year of an opportunist, a slanderer and existence with Volume IV, for a forger." ...…

…•mr 4 - 1.1r Detroit Jewish Chronicle and THE LEGAL CHRONICLE 1 Jblished Weekly by The Jewish Chronicle Publishing Co., Inc. JACOB H. SCHAKNE... . President 'entered as Second-class matter March 3, 1916, at the Post- ffice at Detroit, Mich., under the Act of March 3, 1879 General Offices and Publication Telephone: CAdillac 1040 subscription in Advance Bldg., 525 Woodward Ave. Cable Address: Chronicle $3.00 Per Year Publisher JA...…

…January 2. 1942 Purely Commentary • The Humor of the War Some one should start collecting the humor that arose from situations created by the war. There are countless good stories coming from all fronts, and the more oppressive the Nazi tactics, the keener the satire that is related from the war zones. • Among the jokes coming from overseas is one related by the London Evening Standard. It re- ports that Parisians acquire zest froM Nazi-em-...…

…6 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE TWO NEW PALESTINE COLONIES WILL SPUR FOOD PRODUCTION and the Legal Chronicle MARRIED TO DETROITER Roosevelt Tells The Moses Story WASHINGTON (IPS)—The Demand for Agricultural Supplies for Middle Eastern Army Results in Launching Large Settlements in Southernmost Palestine NEW YORK.—Two new Jewish settlements were established in the Holy Land last week as part of the program of the Jewish Agency for Palestine ...…

…January 2, 1942 7 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and the 1•311 Chronicle Lundeen's Frank Used by Bigots Part of U. H. S. Auxiliary Luncheon Proceeds for National Defense NEW YORK (JPS)—The il- legal use of the Congressional frank has reached new depths with the utilization of the frank of the late Senator Ernest Lun- deen of Minnesota for anti-Se- mitic, pro-Lindbergh nropaganda by the National Copperheads, iso- lationist organization founded a...…

…DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and the Legal Chronicle 8 CENTER (Continued from Page Ono) • is to be expected tomorrow. The lectures are scheduled for suc- cessive Tuesday evenings through Feb. 3. First of a group of five speak- ers, Prof. Klineberg has long been recognized for his original contributions and extensive re- search in the field of racial prob- lems. Director for several years of the Institute of International Relations, under the ...…

…January 2, 1942 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and the Legal Chronicle 9 Annual Donor Luncheon of Welles Receives Gewerkshaften Rally on Sunday Dr. Glazer to Speak Young Women's Bicur To Be Addressed by Rabbi Adler Moises Goldman At Hebrew Ladies' Cholem on Jan. 14 And Maurice Samuel, Noted Writer • Aid Event Jan. 7 Dr. Moises Goldman, of Buenos Dr. B. Benedict Glazer will be the guest speaker at the eighth annual donor luncheon of the Hebrew La...…

…January 2, DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and the Legal Chronicle 10 1942 IN THE REALM OF LOCAL SOCIETY .. . Sergeant Bernard Barack, son The League of Mt. Sinai Hos- Mrs. Clara Van Auken, one of the outstanding women in public pital Association, business and of Mr. and Mrs. Milton Barad( life in Michigan, will address the professional group, are sponsor- of Santa Barbara Drive, is home ing a social tea on Wednesday, on furlough. Sergeant Barra...…

…11 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and the Legal Chronicle January 2, 1942 • ENGAGEMENTS •■•■■ FOR Wedding Cakes CALL WM. ELSON'S NATIONAL BAKING CO.. DEXTER BLVD. . TOwnsend 8.5460 McNICHOLS RD. UNiversity 2.4753 5432 SECOND NEAR KIRBY Featuring Wedding Portraits and Pictures of Children. In your home or in our luxurious Studios. Open daily till 6—Mondays till 9 p.m Sundays 12 to 3 S UPE R B LocAT I O IN MIAMI BEACH Offering •PRIVAT...…

…12 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and the Legal Chronicle January 2, 1942 confer on political problems fac- Mrs. Hadassah Samuel, daughter- in-law of Lord Sa'uel, Ada Fish. ing the Yishuv. Palestine Women Called to Enlist man, outstanding 1 . or leader, and (Continued from Page One) other represents ve Palestine (Continued from Page 1) for War Service Tuesday, Dec. 23, Benjamin In an extraordinary action in- Jewish women gathered here for task., ...…

…A merfraff apish Periodical alder ....row January 2, 1942 AVENUE - CINCINNATI 20, 01110 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and the Legal Chronicle 13 Fishzon Honors His Music Study Club Donor Event of Prenzlauer Group Barcus Bequests To Meet on Jan. 9 Sholom Aleichem To Three Causes Luncheon Tuesday Wife's Memory With Several Donations Institute Jan. 11 Three causes will benefit from Will Plan Annual Artists' Con- The Eva Prenzlauer Maternity the ...…

…14 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and the Legal Chronicle Michigan Author Wins Country-Wide Praise for His Latest Jewish Novel Father CO Thousands January 2, 194: Hadassah Appoints New York Neurosurgeon to Post in Its Palestine Medical Center: Dr. Henry Wigderson Flying to Holy Land NEW YORK.—Hadassah, the ditional refugees and to sustain Women's Zionist Organization of the morale of "a community America, announced that it has which is the bac...…

…January 2, 1942 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and the Legal Chronicle -CLASSIFIED )AVID HOROWITZ, TEACHER FO R RENT - Newly - decorated English, Citizenship, Yiddish, room for couple. Complete Hebrew and Bar Mitzvah. Read- privileges of home with tele- ing and writing guaranteed. phone. Near bus and car line. Free trial lesson. 2275 W. Phila- Inhabited now by elderly cou- delphia, Hogarth 3547 or Tyler ple. Available Jan. 1. Tyler 5-3969. 2675 R...…

…14 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and the Legal Chronicle January 2, 1942 Father to Thousands Michigan Author Wins Country-Wide Praise for His Latest Jewish Novel Hadassah Appoints New York Neurosurgeon to Post in Its Palestine Medical Center: Dr. Henry Wigderson Flying to Holy Land Robert Gessner, Formerly of Escanaba, Hailed for His "This Is My Home"; Is a Variation From Earlier "Some of My Best Friends Are Jews" NEW YORK.—Hadassah, the Wome...…

…January 2, 1942 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and the Legal Chronicle CLASSIFIED DAVID HOROWITZ, TEACHER FOR RENT - Newly - decorated English Citizenship, Yiddish room for couple. Complete Hebrew and Bar Mitzvah. Read- privileges of home with tele- ing and writing guaranteed. phone. Near bus and car line. Free trial lesson. 2275 W. Phila- Inhabited now by elderly cou- delphia, Hogarth 3547 or Tyler ple. Available Jan. 1. Tyler 4-9522. 5-3969. 26...…

…DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and the Legal Clatualcle 16 January 2, 1942 tion to the latest bureaucratic Rabbi Adler Points Julien Bryan to Speak on "Inside Soviet Russia" edict ordering the removal of at the Arst Institute on Sunday, Jan. 11 a Jewish flag from a Palestine To Our Responsibility (Continued from Page 1) camp garrisoning a Jewish unit, "Inside Soviet Russia," with what is happening on the Eastern k . nows that the officials of Bri...…

…4averica lavish Periodical etwter 0 DetiOit Jewish Chronicle aa. IncU r of Po- d of ions. ways I be EFTS will in take 37th in of lions ntion n of and The Legal Chronicle SECTION ONE DETROIT, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY. MAY 2, 1941 This Paper Printed in Two Sections 10 Cents Single Copy; $3.00 perYeat VOL. 43, NO. 18 Na.miesD.abFbria ;kin"enr itus Chief Rabbi Herzog of Palestine Will Speak U. A. H. C. Ur Urges Sunday in Behalf of Allied Jewi...…

…DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and the Legal Chronicle 2 RABBI ABBA ABRAMS ON ALTMAN'S HOUR SATURDAY EVENING May 2, 1941 RESUME OF CONCLAVE Women's Auxiliary of Jew- Warning Against Unauthorized Solicitations OF BROTHERHOODS ish Children's Home to The Michigan Committee for bona fide causes, demand the ere- "Twenty clubs have been or- Elect Officers May 7 the Support of Yeshivoth and Re- dential of the committee before ganized or become newly af...…