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…Only Michigan Newspaper With Complete Coverage of THE JEWISH NE S Jewish News A Weekly Review VOLUME 13—NO. 16 2114 Penobscot Bldg.—Phone WO. 5-1155 of Jewish Events Detroit 26, Michigan, July 2, 1948 Cyprus: British Betrayal of Heritage from Disraeli . Read 'Commentary' Column on Page 2 34, tiaRapin 22 $3.00 Per Year Single Copy, 10c 'Israel Prepared to Defend Its utposts and Internal Position' —Hon. Arthur Lourie at Final All...…

…"kit 25, 111411 THIRD OF A CENTURY OF SERVICE TO IN e Detroit 135 will party. at homer of i6 Boston n, assisted a Schaae co-chair- 1 by the Auxiliary of Ruby avenue. anes Mail rmed Aides ,000th let- States to its way red plane, •ah Behr- Palestine ries, Inc., cial mail than a ish State y Zionist ntinue to red plane iday • and rvice be- S. is offi- Behrman ties have le mail in r general Israelim lean cor- mail has I. About required...…

…Buxton, Crum, McDonald Deplore Phillips' Joining Pro-Arab Group NEW YORK — Three former members of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry on Pales- tine—Frank .W. Buxton, Bartley C. Crum and James G. McDon- ald—attacked the "Committee for Justice and Peace in the Holy Land," charging that • this pro- Arab group "has backed and en- couraged Arab aggression in Palestine and has taken an active part in the attempt to sabotage the United Nations...…

…Friday, July 2, 1948 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE Page Two Recognition of Israel by Britain Seen By NATHAN ZIPRIN RbCOGNITION of Israel may not be too far off. Rumors circulating in diplomatic circles in London say British officialdom is convinced the Arab states are too weak eco- nomically and militarily to con- tinue waging war against Israel. The fiction of Arab invinci- bility was created by Bevin. It was his most powerful argument against...…

…Nation Associates Exposes `Sabotage Israel' Oil Plot Secret Report Shows American Dollars in Oil Royalties Used To Pay for War Against Jews; Charge State Department-British Collusion Conclusive proof that the American oil combine, known as Aramco, is working with the Bri- tish Foreign Office ,and the Arab League controlled by the British government to destroy the effec- tiveness of every act of the Uni- ted Nations and the president of the U...…

…Page Three DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE. Friday, July 2, 1948 • Strictly Confidential 140,000 Americans Aid Brotherhood Body Tablet because of an editorial on brotherhood which from Christians." We stand corrected, and are glad to pass on this By P1HNEAS J. WRON was featured during Brotherhood Week. It is our PROM WILLARD JOHNSON, na- information. belief that the readers of The Tablet need such edi- • • • tional program director of the torial...…

…As the Editor Views the News • • Her Precious Children By DR. NOAH E. ARONSTAM Independence Day On Independence Day, the people of this great land once again will have occasion to review the basic principles of Americanism and to the cause of "one nation indivisible, and to rededicate themselves to the cause of "one nation indivisible, with liberty and jus- tice for all." We would be blind to reality if we were to become complacent and if ...…

…Page Four DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE Detroit Jewish Chronicle Friday, July 2, 1948 America's Security Will Be Yours Published Weekly by Jewish Chronicle Publishing Co., Inc., 548 Woodward, Detroit 26, Mich., CA. 1040 SUBSCRIPTION: $3.00 Per Year, Single Copies, 10c; Foreign, $5.00 Per Ye., Entered as Second-class matte; March 3, 1916, at the Pon Office at Detroit, Mich., under the Act of March 3, tan SEYMOUR TILCHIN, President GEORGE WEISW...…

…THE JEWISH NEWS-5 riday, July 2, 1948 F Peace Terms Considered By Government of Israel Direct Teletype Wires to The Jewish - News - TEL AVIV, Israel (JTA)— While the UN representative presented Count Bernadotte's peace proposals to the Israeli government, two Israeli liaison appointees to Rhodes, who re- turned on the same plane with the UN courier, gave their re- port to a special session of the Cabinet. The official communique stated that ...…

…Friday, July 2, IMO The Voice of The Man in the Street DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE Aids Zedakah Club TIME: Thursday afternoon. PLACE: Dexter and Davison. QUESTION: Do you believe that the building of the Jewish hospital in Detroit should con- tinue to be postponed to give priority to overseas needs? M A X LANDGARTEN, 2491 Highland avenue, Ford parts employe. Detroit certainly could use a Jewish hospital, and it should start building one righ...…

…Congregational. News Liberal Rabbis Rue DP Bill, Laud Supreme Court Action Service Calendar KANSAS CITY, Mo. (JTA)—The Congress-approved bill CONG. BNAI MOSHE: Evening to admit 205,000 displaced persons to the United States with- services at 7:30 p.m. Friday, July 2. Morning services at 9 in the next two years was - criticized at the 59th annual con- Saturday. Daily services at 7:15 vention of the Central Conference of American Rabbis. ...…

…Page Slx DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE Friday, July 2, 1948 in the Realm, of Zocal Therese Ann Wise, Clevelander Married On Wedding Trip to East The marriage of Therese Ann Wise, of Detroit, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Edmund Wise of Bellefontaine, '0., to Ervin Hen- ry Schwartz, son of Mr. and Mrs. Alexander Schwarcz of Cleveland. was solemnized June 16 in the Wade Park Manor, Cleveland. Frances Kaner of Windsor, a 'friend of the bride, sang "...…

…THE JEWISH NEWS-7 Friday, July 2, 1.943 `My Father's House' First Palestine. Film Marked By Deep Sincerity of Acting Honor ADL Executive WASHINGTON—In recognition of "his contribution to the ad- vancement of Christian ideals and brotherhood," the Fellow- . By RUTH MIRIAM LEVINE _ ship of Southern Churchmen has Seeing Palestine's first feature film, "My Father's House," chosen an outstanding Southern now at the Cinema Theatre, is an emotio...…

…▪ Friday, July 2, 1948 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE Inez Ennui,' Becomes Bride of Milton Met-sky Page Seven Troth Told at Anniversary Fete s • In an afternoon ceremony June 20 at the Wilshire Hotel, Inez Ellnian, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Morry T. Ellman, was united in marriage to Milton Mersky, son of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Mersky. Rabbi Jacob Se- gal officiated. Mrs. Alfred Alexander, sister of the bride, was matron of honor, and Devora Mersky...…

…AdivitieJ in Society 8 Abramson-Arfa Rites Solemnized on June 15 ■•■■■■•■•■■• — THE JEWISH NEWS Friday, July 2, 1948 Zedakah Club Collects_ Linen Supplies for Israel Bnai Zion Adds $4,500 Gift to AJC Janet Roslyn Arfa, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. George H. Arfa, Mrs. George Lowell and son, Myles, left by plane june 26 from became the bride of Julius New York for Paris. They will spend the summer at Cap d'Antibes Abramson, son of Mr. and M...…

…DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE Page Eight 7, I BBYO CHATTER , 4 . . a e , To * i , 0 e,c, . if )THSCHILD MEN ARE SUCH slaves to and tradition . . . When that ole man sun begins to pour out his rays in a steady fashion, the ferns are ready for the battle. But the males: What do they do in the sweltering days? They may loosen their tie as a concession. But the average man is going to stick to the tradition of being well- groomed all summe...…

…To ` Wed in July As. AdivitieJ in Society Mrs. Robert Janeway of Canterbury Rd. and Mrs. Leon G. Winkelman of Fairfield Ave. are spending 10 days touring through the New England States? Mr. and Mrs. Maurice Landau of Longfellow Ave. left this week for Linden Beach, Ont., where they plan to spend the summer months. Johanna Frankel, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Lloyd Ivan Frankel of Muirland Ave., left for Camp Wi-cu-su-ta in Bristol, N. H., and ...…

…Friday, July 2, 19.18 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE Page Nine TOMAITNIUMMilaiMbilMOMMINOMMINIMINW E Detroit Greets Convention of BBYW and BBYM * National President *, ItAr4. a Your convention committee from Detroit extends a warm welcome to you, to this, the third annual convention of the national organizations of BBYW-BBYM. The committee has put a great deal of time, effort and thought into the planning of this convention, and it is our s...…

…Engagement Announced At Family Dinner M arriott] SCHWARZ-WISE: The mar- REDFIELD-DAVIS: The mar- riage of Theresa Ann Wise, riage of Arlene Davis, daughter daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Ed- of Mr. and Mrs. Maurice Davis of Toledo, and John Redfield was mund Wise of Bellefontaine, solemnized in Toledo at 4:30 Ohio, and Ervin Henry Schwarcz, Thursday afternoon, July 1. Mr. son of Mr. and Mrs. Alexander Redfield, who was elected to Tau Schwarcz of ...…

…- Page Ten DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE Friday, July 2, 1541 Chronicle Want Ads Bring Results • Classified Ads Accepted up to 10 A.M. Wednesday Rates: 6c Per Word. Minimum Charge $1,00, Payable in Advance of Publication 548 WOODWARD CA. 1040 TRANSPORTATION LAMP SHADES AND LAMPS GENTLEMAN driving to California and of July. Room for one or two to help drive & share expenses. Call To 6-2143 after 4. WI1.1. SHARE expenses to Miami, Fla. Any on...…

…OP Two Generations in Mondry Family Receive Diplomas at June Exercises One of the leading families in labor Zionist circles achieved community-wide recognition on a scholastic basis last week, when three of its members were graduated from local institu- tions of learning. The Mondry family, widely known in Jewish organizational work, boasted three caps a n d MRS. ADELE MONDRY gowns, with Mrs. Adele Mondry graduating from Northern High, Scho...…

…Friday, July 2, ISIS DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE Synagogues List Week's Services Reelectel by Rabbis Rabbi Sperka to Talk on 'The New Israel' Temchin Named as Vice-President Sabbath Eve services, July 2, at Bnai Moshe will begin at 7:30 and Sabbath morning services at 9. Weekday services will be at '1:15 a.rn. and 8:30 p.m. • • • Bnai David Rabbi Joshua Sperka will preach on "The New Israel" at Sabbath morning services of Bnai David, sta...…

…:12 — THE JEWISH NEWS Between You and Me Friday, July 2, 1948 Varying Philosophies Of East, West Nations TWO GIANTS and ONE WORLD: By A. WILLIAM LOOS. Published for the Church Peace Union by Friend- ship Press. A Review by T. B. Sennett f By BORIS SMOLAR (Copyright. 1948, Jewish Telegraphic Agency, Inc.) Israeli 'Putsch' Behind the fight which broke out between the Irgunists and the Israeli military forces, when the former attempted...…

…Page Twelve DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE Friday, July 3, 1941 Our Athletes DP Tots Enjoy Day (It Mary Rothlatt Is Signed by the White Sox Circus Heads Berditchever Annabelle Coggan Named Chairman By FRANK BECKMAN THE CHICAGO White Sox have announced the signing of Marvin Rotblatt, brilliant southpaw pitcher who was grad- uated this spring from the University of Illinois. A resident of Chicago, 20- For 37 children just off the boat from ...…

…11111111111 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111H111101111111111111111M1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111P4 11 1: P Danny Raskin's Loafing. If you worked hard all let the summer escape while you term, then the loafing time swim, play tennis, argue about belongs to you, but if you cut the presidental election and read corners when you were able to, the famous...…

…Friday, July 2, 19411 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE. Page Twelve Women's Council Maps Campaign Heads Berditchever DP Tots Enjoy Day at Circus Our Athletes Mary Rotblatt Is Signed by the White Sox Annabelle Coggan Named Chairman By FRANK BECKMAN CHICAGO White Sox have announced the signing of Marvin Rotblatt, brilliant southpaw pitcher who was grad- uated this spring from the University of Illinois. A resident of For 37 children just of th...…

…Mrs. Lakoff Outlines Layman's Role in Field of Social Welfare Obituaries MAX PECHENSKY, 60, of 2299 Clairmount, died June 22. . Funeral services were held at Lewis Bros., with Cantor Adler officiating. Burial was at the Yiddish Folks Cemetery. He is survived by his wife, Esther; chidren, Mrs. Faye Hellen, Mrs. Lillian Beal, Mrs. Lauretta Li- mond, Mrs. Sadie Saferstein and Harry B. Park; sx grandchil- dren, and two great-grandchil- dren. * *...…

…THE JEWISH NEWS-15 Classified Advertisements Friday, July 2, 1948 Ger - man Lessing Group Fights Anti-Semitism Liners accepted from responsible firms or persons by telephone )4) ' 10 a.m. Wednesday. Rates: 8c a word. Minimum charge $1.06f CALL WOodward 5-1155 •••• ■ •••! LAKE FRONTAGE • For the first time since Hitler came to power in 1933, an organ- ization devoted to combatting an- FOR RENT: 4 bedroom cottage, all conveniences, on ...…

…&havers Endow Library Building At Katznelson Institute in Israel TWO HAGANAH MEN ON GUARD, GERSHON ZAK and ABRAHAM DICKENSTEIN on site of BERL KATZNELSON IN- STITUTE SET ASIDE FOR SCHAVER LIBRARY. Mr. and Mrs. Morris Scheyer • have allocated a large sum for catalogue room and a hall for the construction of a library build- the showing of movies. More than - ing at the Berl Katznelson Insti- 40,000 volumes will be stacked tute near Tel Aviv an...…

…For Victory E JEWISH NEWS Buy U. S. War Savings Stamps and Bonds , VOL. 3—NO. 15 A Weekly Review 2114 Penobscot Bldg. RA. 7956 of Jewish Events Detroit, Michigan, July 2, 1943 34 aroL lch ,__. 22 For Victory Buy U. S. War Bonds and Savings Stamps $3.00 Per Year; Single Copy, 10c Reform Rabbis Take Strong Stand in Support of Zionism —Page 7 Other News in This Issue Between You and Me Center Notes Children's Corner Deutsch's Co...…

…America. if Yewisk Periodical Cotter CLIFTON AVENUE - CINCINNATI 20, OHIO 28th Year of Service to Our State and Nation VOL. 45, NO. 27 Detroit and Jewish Chronicle The Legal Chronicle DETROIT, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, JULY 2, 1943 Lessing Rosenwald Opposes Jewish State in Palestine Collection Comm. Of Service Group 7'o Conduct Drive Maintains That Palestine Should Be one of the Countries Selected for Postwar Resettlement To Collect All AJC O...…

…Page Two. • Heard in The Lobbies By DAVID DEUTSCH (Copyright, 1943, Independent Jewish Press Service) ALWAYS A NAZI THE JEWISH NEWS Quotation of the, Week. "To establish religious freedom everywhere in, the world, man- kind has a long, hard course to pursue. Protestants, Catholics, Jews and members of every other religion, have a' common stake in this enterprise. Any religion, anywhere in the world, is secure in the maintenance of the r...…

…',- tZMAJIllatedieratadellialmetee DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle -:-CENTER ACTIVITIES-:- Shirley Hersh To Head Arts - Crafts Program At Camp Habonim registrations are taken by ap- pointment only from 2 to 5 every week day. Camp Chelsea, which accom- modates mothers and their chil- dren from 4 to 7 years of age, will begin its season this Tues- day. With the assistance of a competent staff, Mrs. Clara Av- runin, director ...…

…Friday, 'July 2, 1943 Jews Express Grave Concern Over Detroit Racial Strife Coordinating Committee of Jewish Groups Dealing With Employment Discrimination in War Industries Fears All Minorities Are Threatened WASHINGTON, (JTA)—Grave concern over racial out- breaks in Detroit was expressed this week in a statement issued by the Coordinating Committee of Jewish Organiza- tions Dealing with Employment Discrimination in War In- dustries. "When ...…

…America ,fewish Periodical &flier CLIFTON AVENUE - CINCINNATI 20, OHIO July 2, 1943 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE end The Legal Chronicle 3 IMPRESSIONS OF A RED CROSS MAN IN TUNISIA Meyer Beckman Made Member of National Council of Mizrachi By DR. FERDINAND M. ISSERMAN Editor's Note: The accompanying intimate close-up of the fall of Tunisia has been received from Dr. Ferdinand M. Isserman by national headquarters, American Red Cross. Dr. Iss...…

…Page Four THE JEWISH NEWS THE JEWISH NEWS Decisive Dollars Buy Bonds Member of Jewish Telegraphic Agency, Independent Jewish Press Service, Seven Arts Feature Syndicate, Religious News Service, Palcor News Agency, Bressler Cartoon Service, Wide World Photo Service, Acme Newsphoto Service. Published every Friday by Jewish News Publishing Co., 2114 Penobscot Bldg., Detroit, Mich. Telephone, RAndolph 7956. Sub- scription rate, $3 a year; fore...…

…4 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle Detroit Jewish Chronicle and THE LEGAL CHRONICLE Published Weekly by Jewish Chronicle Publishing Co., Inc. JACOB H. SCHAKNE Pres.-Gen. Mgr. JACOB MARGOLIS Editor 6eneral Offices and Publication Bldg., 525 Woodward Ave. Telephone: CAdillac 1040 Cable Address: Chronicle Suoscription in Advance $3.00 Per Year fo insure publication, all correspondence and news matte, must reuch this office ...…

…Friday, July 2, 1943 THE JEWISH NEWS Re-Elect Rudolph Zuieback President of Hebrew Schools Bernard Isaacs Reports on Status of Schools in. War Time; Staff of Teachers Depleted; Periods of Prayer During Summer Sessions Rudolph Zuieback was re-elected president of the United Hebrew Schools, at the annual meeting held Tuesday eve- ning at the Rose Sittig Cohen Bldg. Other officers were elected as follows: Lawrente W. Crohn and Dr. A. E. Berns...…

…A merka . it Jewish Periodical Cotter CLIFTON AVENUE - CINCINNATI 20, OHIO July 2, 1943 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle Vacation Dreams Come True at Fidelman's Resort AMERICA WANTS BRANDEIS' PALEStINE VISION FULFILLED, SAID SUPREME COURT JUSTICE ROBERT H. JACKSON "Vacation dreams come true" at Fidelman's Resort, South Ha yen, Mich., claim legions o f guests who have made the 8 0 acre country-estate their pia y headquarte...…

…Page Six THE JEWISH NEWS Friday, july 2, 1943 The Cause of lierzi's Death By DR. S. R. LANDAU MOTTO: Before his departure for the Reichenau Sanatorium Dr. Herzl left a single sheet of paper on which he jotted down in English one line from the burial service, clearly' indicating that he felt that death teas imminent, The broken sentence read: In the midst of life we are hi death." C OMPLETE data on the causes for Dr. Herzl's tragically u...…

…• DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle • oiy 2, 1943 In the Realm of Local Society .. . Mr. and Mrs. Max Fruhauf of Leaving next week for Charle- where he is attached to the Army Huntington Woods entertained a voix, Mich., is Mrs. Samuel Atlas BETROTHED Air Corps. He will marry Miss Women's Sabbath group of friends at a dinner of Sturtevant Ave. Rae Goldfarb upon his furlough League Observes party Saturday night, June 26. whic...…

…- Friday, July 2, 1943 THE 'JEWISH NEWS Reform Rabbis Disavow Anti-Zionist 'Council' Name 4 Detroiters To Vaad Harashi Of U.S. Mizrachi . Parley of Central Conference of American Rabbis Declares Zionism and Reform Judaism Are Compatible; Anti-NegrO - Rhiti . in Detroit. Condemned NEW YORK (JPS)—Goaded by the "growing threat" to fellowship in the Central Conference of American Rabbis 'and expressing "shock'-' at. the rise \ of the Council...…

…CLIFTON AVENUE - CINCINNATI 20, OHIO July 2, 1943 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle Accepts Position with District Grand Lodge 4 • ■ • MARRIAGES Miss Charlotte Gant, past presi- dent of the Pisgah Auxiliary No. 122, Order Bnai Brith, has ac- cepted a position on the staff Ladies' Auxiliary JWV LEVINE - GROSS Re-Elects Mrs. Rose Mr. and Mrs. Nathan Gross of Clairrnount Ave. announce the Cowan as President marriage of the...…

…Page Eight THE JEWISH NEWS Marriages Rosenthal-Komer: On Sunday noon, June 27, Barbara Robin •Korner, daughter of Mr. and Mrs: Bernard Komer of Parkside Ave., became the bride of Edward M. Rosenthal, son of Mrs. Charles D. Rosenthal of Chicago, Ill., and the late Mr. Rosenthal.' Dr. B. Benedict Glazer performed the ceremony which took place in the English Room of the Statler Hotel. Mrs. Weston Heads Local NHJC League Mrs. Monte Weston was...…

…)1 %1 .4 Irtg:if Ott, July 2, 1943 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle THE CHRISTIAN ANSWER TO RACIAL OPPRESSION IN EUROPE TODAY 150th JEWISH CHAPLAIN SWORN IN e Home on Furlough By PROFESSOR DR. P. S. GERBRANDY Editor's Note: Excerpts from a recent major address in London by Dr. Gerbrandy, Prime Minister of the Royal Netherland Gov- ernment, who escaped to London immediately before the Nazi occupation of his country. On Fe...…

…Friday, July 24 1943 THE JEWISH NEWS SOCIAL EVENTS Page Nine NEWS OF INTEREST TO WOMEN ACTIVITIES IN SOCIETY Miss Marion Apple Elected President of Junior Hadassah No Interruptions In Army-Navy Work 40,000 Needed to Help Mail Ration Books O Mrs. Marie Berkowitz, accompanied by her son, Lawrence, is Committee From League of leaving for California to visit with her sister, Mrs. Albert Rutman. Mr. and Mrs. Jack Rothberg of Chicago Blvd....…

…Ameritillt 'apish PeriodicalCotter CLIFTON AVENUE - CINCINNATI 20, OHIO July 2, 1943 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle 9 Rabbis Felix A. Levy, William H. Fineshriber, Solomon B. Freehof Hold Discussion on Z ionism —7 tion but members of the Ameri- can nation . . . The real source Glicksman Tells Tel Aviv Audience That of opposition on the part of many The conflicting attitudes toward sides agree that Palestine is Reform J...…

….Page Te n - THE JEWISH 'NEWS Start Intensive Campaign To Collect Fund Pledges En:sign-Finkels. tein -Commissioned, Weds Miss Marilyn Zusin Harry R. Solomon and Maurice A. Enggass Announce Drive To Gather Outsanding Allied Jewish. Campaign Pledges From Now Until Aug. I Ensign Nathaniel- Finkelstein received - his commission from Northwestern University, at Ab- . ... -Hail, Chica- go; on .June 30. His parents,. Mr. and Mrs. -.Harry W. • :_...…

…I0 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle July DETROIT GEWERKSHAFTEN CAMPAIGN SENDS FIRST $40,000 CHECK FOR LABOR PALESTINE O.:7RM PALESTINE LABOR CAMPAIGN OEXTER BLVD 9? NO. TO 0•1710 1$14,3__ DETROIT. MICH, - MAY 2 5 AY TO THE ORDER OP NATIONAL LABOR Njyioy fM E $ 40 0001,00 , FORTY THOUSAND & 00/100 CANFIELD—MUM•ELL @RANCH THE DETROIT BANK 0 EST1IBLISHED DETROIT, MICH. r 1)()2.3..‘fts OIT PALESTINE LA,_QR C...…

…Friday, July 2, t943 THE JEWISH NEWS Merchants Are Promised Protection by Jeffries Dr. Nusbaum Heads National Farm School Mayor Edward J. Jeffries Jr. assured a group of mer- chants from the Hastings and Oakland-Westminster sections, at a meeting at the Workmen's Circle Education Center on Linwood Ave., on Tuesday that more and better police pro- tection than ever before will be given these storekeepers. The assurance was made to encourage...…