…!ANNIVERSARIES I • lighting • wall decor • gifts • silk florals • interiors Celebrate The Holidays and The Opening of 1-696 (We're located 1/2 mile south on Woodward Ave.) SPECTACULAR SAVINGS ON OUR ENTIRE INVENTORY INCLUDING OUR MOST UNIQUE SELECTION OF GIFTS Holiday Hours: Mon.-Wed., Sat. 10-6; Thurs., Fri. 10-8; Sun. 12-5 Gift Certificates Available casual living modes Burg 70th Rose and Sol Burg, long time residents of the Detroit...…
…I B'NAI MITZVAH I 0 a SURVIVORS • OF 1945 THE SHAARIT HAPLAYTAH AND B'NAI B'RITH EINSTEIN LODGE lives changed dramatically. The KGB has interrogated and harassed the family. Once, they ransacked the apartment while looking for Vladimir Raiz. They ter- rorized Moshe, who was alone at home at the time. Moshe, who was born in 1977, and his brother, Shaul, born in 1982, have spent their entire lives as refuseniks. The Raizes, who are religio...…
…BIRTHS AM ISCO BUNK BED SALE! "ST. LOUIS" TWIN BED ON TOP DOUBLE ON BOTTOM Regular $699 •TUBULAR STEEL MAKES IT VIRTUALLY INDESTRUCTABLE • COMES IN 10 DESIGNER COLORS NOW $599 SAVE $ 100 JUST ONE OF 100 DIFFERENT KID'S BEDS BabY'n Kids Bedrooms Mon-Sat 9:30 AM - 9 PM 349-2515 Sunday 12 - 5 PM TWELVE OAKS MALL, 27780 NOVI RD., NOVI, MI Come to Baby World 'N Teens For The Best Selection And Price Of Baby & Teen Furniture Anywhere! ...…
…SINGLE LIFE Back To Their Futures Mike Hoffman tired of jumping icy medians in Washington, D.C. Susie Merkow was hapy to leave the sunshine behind. RICHARD PEARL Staff Writer T hey call me the wanderer, Yeah, I'm the wanderer, I roam around 'n 'round 'n 'round .. . — "The Wanderer," Dion and The Belmonts, 1960s. Consider the possibilities: • being a private detective in Washington, D.C.; or • an advertising/public re- lations man in L...…
…SINGLE LIFE SINGLES Their Futures Continued on preceding page IT'S THE ONLY SPOT IN TOWN THIS SUNDAY 9:00 p.m. $7.00 Admission — Jewish Community Center Maple/Drake Building • DJ • Dancing • Refreshments • Ands Lots More! For further information call 661-1000, ext. 347 Sponsored by: The Community Network for Jewish Singles, The Jewish Community Center of Metropolitan Detroit and THE JEW§H NEWS „,, r.444 No 0/ VISA, MASTERC...…
…Jerry Moss & Al Kaftan of J. STERLING GEMOLOGISTS the warmer southern California climate, Jim Gilfix says the colder and snowier things are better. He, too, came back, mainly to further his career, but also to seek someone with whom to share his outdoor interests. Gilfix, a Farmington Hills Harrison graduate who earned a counseling and holistic health degree from Evergreen State College in Washington state in 1981, backpacked north to Alask...…
…I SINGLE LIFE • OPERATION Allit 111=11/41111111 Futures OVER 55? Continued from preceding page INTERESTED IN WORKING? e best looking shoes you'll ever abuse. • • • • • Resume Writing Career Counseling Occupational Training Job Leads On the Job Training CALL (313) 443-0370 Project ABLE is a non-profit service of United Community Services and funded through the Michigan Department of Labor, the C.S. Mott Foundation, the Community Foun...…
…IAMAZING MARKETPLACE How To Advertise To advertise to almost everyone in our com- munity in this amazing classified section, simply call 354-6060 by noon on Tuesday. These advertisements may be charged over the phone to your MasterCard or Visa credit cards or you may mail in your ad with a check to The Jewish News, 27676 Franklin Road, Southfield, Michigan 48034. We cannot bill for these ads. Our classified "liners" cost 80` per word; there ...…
…AMAZING MARKETPLACE r------- PEOPLE CONNECTOR CHILD CARE SERVICES GERI'S NEWBORN Care and vacations. 532-1925. Call 10a.m. to 10p.m. HYPNOSIS WORKS!! Weight control, smoking, stress, study, concentration, birth, surgery & more. Call today. 553-3813 MOTHER'S LITTLE Helper. Affordable, quality, live-in or out. Year round/summertime child care. Licensed. Bonded. 851-0660 LOVING, EDUCATIONAL Child Care in my home. Licensed. Montessori teach...…
…AMAZING MARKETPLACE EMPLOYMENT HEALTH CARE SERVICES FULL TIME SECRETARY Good typing and communication skills required. "Getting the Care You Need in the Comfort of Your Home" FREE IN-HOME CONSULTATION • Qualified Caring Personnel • 24-hour service available • Long or Short Term Care • Bonded and Insured • Same Rate Seven Days A Week • Serving the Metro Area HOME HEALTH AIDES • LIVE ,IN AIDES • HOMEMAKERS • Assisting With: • Personal ...…
…AMAZING MARKETPLACE SERVICES TV & VCR REPAIR MODERNIZATION PAINTING & DECORATING • Honest • Fast • Reasonable Outstanding quality on all types of Home Improvements. Free Estimates Fully Licensed Call NORMAN PHILIP KATZ 547-2656 849.2366 GICENISlat) MATER-PLDMI302 24 141,T2.%4KE •GOMMERGIAL/ 356-6174 • Track Lighting • Recessed Lighting • Service Changes • Basements • Recreation Rooms "614'e61 -4 919 12esiveullAL BENNIE'S LIG...…
…AMAZING MARKETPLACE SERVICES BASEMENT WATERPROOFING Interior & Exterior Repairs Licensed — Insured. Excellent Guarantee. Experienced Professionals. Lowest Prices. Estimates Over Phone. A C W INC. Gross• Points 778.3670 Wilt Ana 356.1280 East Area 731.1367 BOB MENDELSON Heating, air condi- tioning, installation, and repair. $25 service call Nothing per hour plus parts- STATE LICENSED #3984 855-0437 SPARKLE HOME CARE SERVICE ...…
…AMAZING MARKETPLACE SERVICES HORIZOATAIS drapery boutique E R T I C A PRESENTS KIM MAW The Professional Blind Kleaning Service that Specializes in... 'HORIZONTAL BLINDS 'PLEATED SHADES 'VERTICAL BLINDS Steve Alpert Plumbing & Piping 8554114 Complete Typing Services A Division of Sump pumps • Water Heaters • Disposals New construction • Complete updating services Water purification systems All Repairs & Replacements QUAD RAMPS INS...…
…AMAZING MARKETPLACE ENTERTAINMENT SERVICES KAOUD TILE & MARBLE QUALITY CUSTOM PAINTING Residential and Commercial Painting - Staining - Wallpaper Removal Plaster and Drywall Repair. Reasonable with References. Satisfaction Guaranteed: Beautify your home or office with ceramic tile or mar- ble. Kitchens, foyers, bathrooms, etc. Established 1955 Free Estimates 737-4033 or 565-8917 Free Estimates 398-1053 CUSTOM PAINT PAPER HANGING REMO...…
…REAL ESTATE RENTALS NORTHGATE ApwipmAtax BEST APARTMENT VALUE Studios, 1 & 2 Bedroom Apartments Heat Included Air Conditioning Laundry Facilities Storage Area Swimming Pools Community Rooms Tennis Court FREE CABLE TV j • • • • • Lincoln (10 1/2 Mile) Daily 10 am to 7 pm Weekends 10 am to 5 pm 0i2 NORTHGATE 10 Mile 968-8688 0 CD CD Q. • EQUAL HOUSING OPPORTUNITY TOWERS A Friendly, Homey Atmosphere Studios, 1 & 2 Bedrooms Fr...…
…LL The Trowbridge where the living is easy and the pleasures are many. )) Mrs. Renee Tennor THE Mrs. Tennor and her friends enjoy the quality adult living offered at The Trowbridge, where the comfort and convenience of a beautiful one or two bedroom apartment is only the beginning. Her refreshing, carefree lifestyle at The Trowbridge includes: ■ Dinner served daily in The Trowbridge dining room ■ Weekly housekeeping and linen services ■ Pr...…
…RENTALS e anbrook entre • 1402-1761 Sq. Ft. • 21/2 beautiful baths • Plush carpeting • Sound conditioning • Garage and carports available • Walk-in closets • Full basement HEAT & VERTICAL BLINDS INCLUDED APARTMENTS PROVIDENCE DR. • 2 Swimming Pools 9 MILE ifill • Clubhouse • Sauna • Air Conditioning 10 MILE COACH HOUSE CLUBHOUSE Sz, POOL Q cr I ! tliJj (000 9 t FROM $785 US 11 Iil CC 0 8 MILE INCLUDES HEAT & WATER 236...…
…REAL ESTATE FOR SALE RENTALS FARMINGTON HILLS Luxurious 1 bedroom apartment with car- port, huge closets, dishwasher, etc. WOODHUES 737-9093 CAPE CORAL, FL. Luxury 3 bedroom, 2 bath furnished condo on water. Three month minimum. Available immediate- ly. No children, no pets. $1,200 per month. Our c9 greatest 0 Natural 7 irResource k‘ k 577-4501 HARBOR SPRINGS Fully furnished, very comfortable condo at Harbor Cove, sleeps eigh...…
…REAL ESTATE FOR SALE Pebble Bay DON'T MAKE THE MISTAKE OF THE DECADE. LONG LAKE ESTATES FOR THE RIGHT MOVE MAKE THE MOVE BLOOMFIELD HILLS SCHOOLS CALL Ted bre Bay is Now Taking Reservations for an exceptional few. Signature Residences are priced from $ 500,000. Pebble Bay is properly located in Brig hton on Woodland Lake. If you desire more information call- (313) 229 8010. GAIL LINDEN - Bro kers Welcome MALIK DEVELOPMENTS CO. Ass...…
…Fre . —4 -;& v/INWOXVANYWP,,YV FOR SALE MY FAMILY WISHES YOUR FAMILY A HAPPY JOYOUS CHANUKAH Ronald J. Miller, G.R.I. Ronald, Leslie, Sarah & Daniel Multi-Million Dollar Producer CAniti f 21,. TODAY REALTORS 559-4488 or 855-9351 Watch for my new location on 12 Mile - Just East of Northwestern in the Silver Triangle Building. GREAT LOCATION GREAT FLOOR PLANS GREAT VALUE "Wyndham Place Condominiums" Give- In-To TEMPTATION MT. VERN...…
…I REAL ESTATE' FOR SALE ALL YOUR FLORIDA NEEDS - Boca Raton, Palm Beach and of course, Palm Aire Call BARBARA LEEDS, Realtor BARBARA LEEDS (305) 971-2112 Dove Hemmings Ch aniberiala REALTORS' Ofc. 557.6700 Res. 541.0610 1.1 =M=1 Home Computer Real Estate Access II SIMSBURY CONDOMINIUM presented by the Herman Frankel Organization Spectacular Great Room, vaulted ceiling, fireplace. Doorwalls from great room and master suite lead...…
…The Prudentia THIS CHARMING Farmington Hills condo offers all the Great Lakes Realty BLOOMFIELD HILLS ranch just waiting to be bought, conveniences of a carefree lifestyle, neutral decor, spacious bedrooms with ample closets, almond kit- chen, close to freeways and shopping. $53,900 for sole or $700 a month for lease. 851-8100 83140. large private lot, 3 bedrooms, 1.5 baths, hardwood floors, living room with fireplace, close to shopp- ing...…
…REAL ESTATE FOR SALE RICHTERISTONEWOOD COMMUNITIES Now building fine homes at Farmington Road, North of Maple, and at 13 Mile, West of Farm- ington Road, and luxurious condominiums at Drake near 13 Mile. MODEL: 553-8899 OFFICE: 855-4848 OR 357-4040 CUSTOM/LUXURY HOMES DETACHED CONDO W. BLOOMFIELD Newly constructed 3 bedroom, 31/2 bath ranch condo in prime Quality location. features. custom setting. Country $214,900. 626-2152 There's ...…
…Cranbrook ASSOC. INC REALTORS WEST BLOOMFIELD CONDO FRANKLIN VILLAGE FRANKLIN VILLAGE WOODCLIFF ON THE PARK Well located 3 bedroom, 21/2 both town house — end unit. Private entry, attached garage & large deck. Levelors, light oak and lucite, 1st floor laundry & lots of extras. $142,900 (55851) 626-8700 CIRCA 1843 restored 4 bedroom, 2 bath farmhouse w/red cedar shake roof. Much updating. Large fire- place in dining room, extensive land...…
…/A__ CONDOMINIUM C FOR SALE JUST LISTED Two bedroom, 2 bath end unit in popular West Bloomfield complex. Central air, 2 car garage and full basement. $139,900. George Brown fp ■ CONDOMINIUM N ET WOR K - Lovely 2,000 sq. ft. quad level, att. garage. Four bedrooms, 21/2 fully ceramic tiled baths, 3 walk-out doorwalls, beautiful rock patios with 20 x 20' deck, large family room with fireplace and wet bar plus more. Reduced to $136,900. ...…
…P t4.6, o tho..to * Cemetery Meyer W. Leib, 78, founder of Leib, Leib and kramer, of Southfield, died Dec. 16. Mr. Leib graduated from the Detroit College of Law in 1943 and practiced law in Detroit for 46 years. He was past president of Pisgah B'nai B'rith Lodge in 1949, a member of Oakland Century Lodge B'nai B'rith, member of Zionist Organization of America, Schiller-Daylight Masonic Lodge No. 263. Mr. Leib also received the Distinguish...…
…I OBITUARIES I In Loving Memory of Our Dear Husband, Father, Grandfather and Brother HENRY SCHORE Our heartfelt thanks and gratitude to all our devoted friends and relatives for their generous contributions and hours spent with us during our shiva period of mourning to help ease our burden of sorrow. GOD BLESS EACH AND EVERY ONE OF YOU. Wife, Sandy Shore; Sons, Dr. Sheldon and Karen Schore, Dr. Donald B. Schore and Dr. Robert M. Schore and ...…
…YESHIVA BETH YEHUDAH Founded 1914 Administration Office: 557-6750 JOSEPH TANENBAUM SCHOOL FOR BOYS SALLY ALLAN ALEXANDER SCHOOL FOR GIRLS 32605 Bellvine Trail Beverly Hills, Michigan 48010 15751 West Lincoln Drive Southfield, Michigan 48076 children; and eight great- grandchildren. HARRY NASTER, 69, of Oak Park, died Dec. 13. He leaves two daughters and a son-in-law, Beth Finkelstein, Annette and Michael Reich; a sister and brother-in-l...…
…RING IN TI lE NEW. z. .nnne ...Mtn...0, 1 P t your finger on the perfect gift for a new Decade — A striking gemstone-and-gold ring By John Darakjian. Franklin Center Bldg • Suite 100 • 29100 Northwestern Hwy •,Soup4elel • 356-7140 Advance Bldg • Suite 300 • 23077 Greenfield at Nine Mile • fietd • 557-0616 TRUSTED FOR OVER 25 YEARS • CUSTOMER SATISFACTION GUARANTEED • PEFAtSERVICE •160MPARABLE SELECTION • FREE LAYAWAY • IN - STORE CR...…
…MI THE JEWISH NEWS DECEMBER 22. 1989 A Toast To Jewish Living Guidelines For The December Dilemma By RABBI IRWIN GRONER Rabbi Irwin Groner is rabbi of Congregation Shaarey Zedek and the author of this month's `To Our Readers.' For each issue of L'Chayim, a rabbi, Jewish educator or other notable will present an overview of the month's theme. In the life of the American people, December is a happy month, for it brings holiday spirit, part...…
…Guidelines For The December Dilemma Continued from Page L-1 symbol has no place in the Jewish home. Is it appropriate to give Christmas gifts to Christian friends? It is not inappropriate to give Christmas gifts or cards to our Christian friends if we so desire. These should not be given to our fellow Jews. We present a gift to someone in honor of the holiday he or she celebrates. Should Jewish children participate in Christmas plays in p...…
…D‘ti Celebrating Chanukah In Christmas' Shadow By MARY KORETZ Each month in this space, L'Chayim will present a Yiddish lesson entitled, "Du Redst Yiddish? (Do You Speak Yiddish?)," whose aim is to encourage further study of Yiddish. The lesson will include a brief story utilizing the Yiddish words to be studied, a vocabulary list with English translations and a family activity which involves using the new words. Two books which may be help...…
…Each month in this space, L'Chayim will look back into issues of The Jewish News to see what was happening in the local Jewish community or in the Diaspora 10, 20 and 40 years ago. myasthema gravis treatment center. An Oak Park woman was reunited with her sister from Russia after 56 years apart. TEN YEARS AGO A hand grenade attack damaged the El Al ticket office in Athens. The Dead Sea Works, Israel's potash-producing company, completed a t...…
…Hava Nedaber Ivrit: Celebrating Nitzachan B'Milchama Each month in this space, L'Chayim will present a Hebrew lesson entitled, "Hava Nedaber Ivrit!" (Let's Speak Hebrew), whose aim is to encourage further study of Hebrew. The lesson will include a brief story utilizing the Hebrew words to be studied, a vocabulary list with English translations and a family activitiy which involves using the new words. The lessons will be prepared by Nira Lev,...…
…S The Great Chanukah Strike By BAMI Everything was topsy-turvy and the whole community was seething with excietment. The news was sensational, and no one talked about anything else. There was no doubt about it. It wasn't just a rumor. The Chanukah candles were going on strike. That was their unanimous decision. Well — almost unanimous. Because one voice refused to join ranks with the others: the Shammash candle. The oil and the wicks and th...…
…except for the Shammash — will go on until we have satisfaction. "(Signed) The Chanukah Candles" The days rolled by and matters got worse. People had never given so much thought to plain everyday things like candles until this had come up. Chanukah was fast approaching, and still no solution. The candles had become silent and refused to say a word. They all refused to do their duty, except the Shammash. The lowliest candle of them all, the one...…
…lit ‘4100.01c . Political Considerations Required Surnames A " By BETTY PROVIZER STARKMAN Few of us are aware of the political and historical significance involved in our family names. In the year 1787, the government of Austria passed legislation requiring all Jews to adopt surnames. On July 20, 1808, the Napoleonic Decree came into being. It ordered the Jews of France to adopt definitive family Postcards: A Window l`wttolv Into The Past ...…
…SERVING DETROIT'S JEWISH COMMUNITY THIS ISSUE 6W SEPTEMBER 22, 1989 / 22 ELUL 5749 Jewish Buyers For B'nai Moshe? ELIZABETH APPLEBAUM and KIMBERLY LIFTON Jewish News Staff Yeshivath Beth Yehudah has asked the Jewish Welfare Federation of Greater Detroit for assistance in purchasing the B'nai Moshe synagogue building in Oak Park, Fed- eration representatives confirmed this week. Yeshivah officials would not comment. A Federation staff mem...…
…PURELY COMMENTARY Israel's Arab-Jewish Fellow-Citizenship PHILIP SLOMOVITZ Editor Emeritus 0 n frequent occasions, when ex- pressions of animosity toward Jews and Israelis were heard from Arab quarters, the concern was ut- tered whether a possibility existed of a developing Fifth Column within Israel. With 800,000 Arabs possessing Israeli citizenship — the chief limita- tion of which is Arabs in the main be- ing excluded from the nation's...…
…Ailtqfd e o 1989 CUTLASS SUPREME COUPE Stk. #936 NOW ONLY LASSIIIIIIN OLDSMOBILE - SAAB Telegraph Rd. at Tel-12 Mall Southfield 54-3300 y g:4 •::'..§ ,.V•. • • *Plus tax, title & license. Rebates assigned to dealer. First Time Buyer deducted from price to qualified buyers only. '1 '2.9% APR fin. for 24 mos. In lieu of rebate. Based on ap- proved credit. Alamtser Of GREATER DETROIT lit Oldsmobile THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS 3 …
…DETAILS Colorful, bold and exotic. This season, fine jewelry is your most important fashion accessory. We've just returned from New York, with this fall's most im- portant and wearable jewelry collections. Exotic ethnic designs, the latest colors, the newest textures. . . affordably priced to let you interpret your own personal style. This fall, create a timeless combination—fine fashion jewelry from Tapper's and you. From top to bottom: The...…
…Simple Math: 1,000 Homes Needed For Detroit Maccabiah RICHARD PEARL Staff Writer uestion: when does 5 x 3 = 1,000? Answer: when plans are drawn for Detroit to host the 1990 Jewish Community Centers North American Maccabi Youth Games. Five years after some 800 young Jewish athletes par- ticipated in the 1984 Youth Games here, the effort has begun to find housing for almost three times as many teens. According to Detroit Maccabi officials, ab...…
…EDITORIAL An Invitation S ay there, sports fans! The North American Maccabi Youth Games has great con- tests planned for Detroit next year, but we'll have to get out of our couch-potato routines to truly enjoy them. The Detroit Jewish community has invited 2,200 teenage athletes to visit our city in August 1990 and participate in 15 sports. Detroit Jews, however, must move beyond the spectator role to truly enjoy this international event an...…
…CONTENTS Is That All There Is? No, Says Judaism L os Angeles —Some time ago, I attended a funeral at which a prominent rabbi officiated. To probably everyone pres- ent, there was nothing unusual; the service was traditional Conservative and the rabbi's remarks about the deceased were moving. Then at the grave site, the rabbi spoke about Judaism's attitude toward death. "Judaism does not believe in a life after death," the rabbi said. "Rathe...…
…THE JEWISH NEWS Serving Detroit's Metropolitan Jewish Community with distinction for four decades. PUBLISHER: Charles A. Buerger ASSOCIATE PUBLISHER: Arthur M. Horwitz EDITOR EMERITUS: Philip Slomovitz EDITOR: Gary Rosenblatt ASSOCIATE EDITOR: Alan Hitsky FEATURES EDITOR: Elizabeth Applebaum ISRAEL CORRESPONDENT: Ze'ev Chafets STAFF WRITERS: Kimberly Lifton Richard Pearl CONTRIBUTING EDITOR: Elie Wiesel ART DIRECTOR: Carol Steuer PHOTOGRAPHE...…
…■•■ ••••• ■•■■■■■■■■ ••••••••••••••••••••• ■■ ••••••••••••••••••••••••• TamanDFF • • • • • :BEAT THE PRICE INCREASE!: TAMAROFF'S ANNUAL SEPTEMBER SWEEP! • • • ■ EVERY '89 MUST GO! BEST SELECTION! BEST PRICE! BEST SERVICE! • • • • • _ _ _ '89 LeSABRE CUSTOM FOR EVEN BIGGER SAVINGS • • 4-DR. SEDAN • • Pwr. 6-way seat, 55/45 seats, pwr. wind. and locks, front mats, body side mldg., inter. wipers, elec. rr. defog., cruise, alum. whls., HD ...…
…' LETTLRS1'"'" RKEE PANIATiECU CHEVROLET HNEE 2 UBLE EvU (1 oiN REBATES I Continued from Page 6 Annual Percentage Rate** SAVE UP TO $10,000. HURRY FOR BEST SELECTION!! DOUBLE REBATE $1000 ANNOUNCES 2 9% NEW '89 ASTRO CARGO VAN 4.3L auto wrO.D., large mirrors, h.d. shocks. h.d. springs. 27 gallon tank. AM- FM stereo4 much more. Stk. *1769 WAS DOUBLE REBATE NOW ONLY $13,054 $1000 $9950 Annual Percentage Rate** OR 8 At Similar...…
…OTHER PLACE At 11 1/2 and Woodward in Royal Oak Imported Leather At 70% Off. If you're in the market for leather furniture, you'll want to check out the sensational buys at Englander's OTHER PLACE. We've just purchased a huge selection of leather sofas, loveseats, chairs, ottomans and three-four-and five-piece sectionals to sell at 70% savings. How did we do it? An East Coast retailer couldn't take delivery due to financial difficulties, so...…
…LETTERS YOU'RE COVERED With Our T•Shirt! Continued from Page 10 are not truely dual but dangerously divided and that our Americanism is therefore suspect, which can hardly benefit the Levin candidacy. Senator Levin will not win or lose only based upon his ir- reversable support for Israel, but, as well, based upon his stands on other momentous issues, national and world-relevant. If The Jewish News cannot see its way clear to encourag- ing ...…
…Grand Opening SAVE 50% 8'x10' HAND-KNOTTED CHINESE RUGS from $1 287 Each Knot Is Individually Hand-Tied You 'must see this outstanding collection! Like many other examples of Oriental craftsmanship, these beautiful rugs, hand knotted in the Peoples Republic of China are created to give pleasure and comfort to generations of appreciative owners. No two rugs are alike, each possesses a definite individuality of its own, imparted by the ...…
