bATURDAY, JULY 7, 1956
THE -:*tlCftIGAN DAILV
PAGE THREE
~ATURDAY, JULY 7,1956 THE ~ttiCiii6A~ iiAILi~ PAGE THREE
_________________________ U U
STUDIES STAFF:
Daily Undergoes
'Psychoanalysis'
Political Discussion
By Mary Ann Thomas
Can a newspaper be psycoana-
yzed?
It seems impossible, but some-
Aing such as this has been done
by Prof. Guy E Swanson of the
pociology department.
While he was teaching a mass
communications course a few
years ago, Prof. Swanson became
interested in the type of people
who are attracted to newspaper
work. Since very little information
was available, he conducted a
,study of the Michigan Daily.
"It was a natural experiment
sitting right in my lap", the young
professor smiled.
Questions Daily Staffers
The study was conducted on the
basis of information gathered in
; questionnaires filled by members
of all staffs of The Daily, and the
results were compared to predic-
tions made prior to the study.
"The predictions turned out very
;well, considering the roughness of
the questionnaires", he comment-
*dDesigned to provide a guide to
the types of individuals then work-
ing on The Daily, the question-
naires consisted of personality
tests and questions concerning the
political opinions and social back-
ground of the person.
"From what I observed of those
on the paper", Prof. Swanson said,
"they spend a lot of time on the
Job for very little monetary com-
pensation, but few are in journa-.
lism or plan carrers in that profes-
Sion".
Work For Love
"So they must get some kind of
personal satisfaction out of such
work. They are working just for
love, not money".
Prior to summing up the re-
sults of the personality tests, Prof.
Swanson explained that the news-
paper was a kind of soial situa-
tion in which, people are able to
influence others, in which names
get to be associated with articles
and in which there is some pro-
tection from other opinions.
-"Insofar as one gets personal
satisfaction from belonging on
The Daily", the sociologist observ-,
ed, "we could predict that a dis-
proportionate on the editorial staff
would possess the following char-
acteristics:
Interested In Controlling
"These are people with unusual
interest in controlling their world
and being controlled by it. In psy-
chological terminology, they get
this way because they have found
the world difficult and take these
measures as a form of self-pro-
tection.
"Secondly, we would expect that
these are going to be the people
who are interested in letting it be
known that they personally are
making this effort.
"In personality theory terms,
these people are likely to strongly
concerned about their own com-
petence. They are not sure of
themselves so they must keep re-
assuring other people and them-
selves that they are competent,
capable people.
Also Seek Self Protection
For the third personality char-
acteristic, Prof. Swanson consider-
ed the element of self-protection
as contrasted to the comparative
lack of it in campus organizations
such as political clubs.
"It's harder to get hurt as much
on The Daily", he observed. "This
means that people on the editorial
staff have a kind of other people
and have a desire to please them.
Consequently, they are sensitive.
"Thus, although they want to
influence other people, they are
dependent on others and are
afraid of losing their support and
approval".
Predict Men Better
"One can predict this in men
which must more competence
than with women", the intense
educator admitted, "because per-
sonality theory is much better de-
veloped to help us deal with men".
Of 34 men on the editorial staff
in 1952, 17 fitted the personality
traits given by the predictions.
Commenting on the type of wo-
men who work on a newspaper,
Prof. Swanson pointed out that
many complications interfere with
such a study.
"There are still traditions that
journalism is a man's occupation,
and this raises complications", he
commented, "We must ask-what
type of girl is likely to be attached
to what is predominantly a man's
field"?
Complications Arise
"Do they want to be more like
men, or is the field becoming so
feminized that the former theory
no longer holds"? he asked.
These traits can be interpreted
both positively and negatively, he
commented. "That such people
have a dislike for authoritariansim
I happen to think is good". He also
expressed appreciation of sensitiv-
ity in a person.
Regarding social origin of the
staff, Prof. Swanson admitted he
could find no significant differ-
ences. But information about at-
titudes toward public issues re-
vealed a great difference between
the various staffs.
"The edit staff read more
natinal newspapers, news maga-
zines and literature in general",
he commented. "And there was
a disproportionate number of po-
litical science and English majors
on that staff".
Prof. Swanson believes that the
sociologist can find in The Daily
a sharpened situation which can
be found in varying degrees in
professional newspapers.
"This study also has wider im-
plications for the study of social
life generally", he concluded, "for
it presents indications as to what
kind of people would be comfort-
able ni what kind of position".
Booklet Says
Candor Good
Condor usually pays off for pub-
lic officials in their relations with
the press, according to a newly
published booklet from the Uni-
versity's Institute of Public Ad-
ministration.
Titled "Press Realtions for Lo-
cal Officials", the booklet was
written by Prof. James C. Mac-
Donald of the department of
journalism.
Among its specific suggestions
for improved press relations are:
periodic discussions with reporters
and newscasters to give them
background on major public prob-
lems, simple words describing
public activities, and patient ex-
planation of any points not clear
to reporters.
The 0-page booklet is illustrat-
ed by Frank Williams, Detroit
Free Press editorial cartoonist.
Giving basic responsibilities of
the pres, the booklet says the press
should help government officials
make a public accounting of their
administration and make certain
that government at all levels oper-
ates in public view.
Also it says secret sessions of
public bodies "leave citizens in a
vacuum of ignorances, susceptible
to dangerous rumor and wild con-
troversy whenever an impasse is
reached".
Loses Contempt
Of Congress Case
WASHINGTON (P) - The gov-
ernmengt yesterday lost a con-
tempt off Congress case through
which it sought to narrow the
right of a witness to refuse to an-
swer questions on the ground of
possible self-incrimination.
U.S. Dist. Judge David A. Pine
entered a judgment of acquittal
for Miss Diantha Hoag of Buffalo.
N. Y. Her indictment grew out of
her appearance before the Senate
Investigations subcommittee then
headed by Senator Joseph Mc-
Carthy (R-Wis.) in August 1954.
McCarthy had described the
case as a test to determine whether
a witnes may enter a blanket de-
nial of wrongdoing and then re-
fuse to answer specific questions.
Sen. McCarthy, like Asst. U.S.
Atty. William Hitz during Miss
Hoag's trial, contended she waived
her right to claim the privilege
against possible self-incrimination
because she volunteered that she
had never engaged in espionage or
sabotage.
Later Miss Hoag, claiming the
privilege of the Fifth Amendment,
refused to say whether she had
given information to members of
the Communist party, or whether
she had discussed at a Communist
party meeting classified govern-
ment work.
-Daily-Diane Humenansky
DISCUSSION SERIES-Richard Watson and Lawrence Berlin,
teaching fellows in the political science department, are leading a
discussion aimed at orienting foreign students to the political
party system in America. This is the first in a series of four
discussions for foreign students. The emphasis is on discussion
rather than lecture in the series. The second discussion will be
held July 13 with Prof. Joseph Kallenbach of the political science
department speaking on "National Conventions."
Chicago Teacher To Lecture
On Educating Slum Children
* ] 14,
Morris Finder, of Chicago's Fen-
ger High School will give a lecture,
"Composition for the Reluctant" at
4 p.m. Monday, Auditorium C, An-
gell Hall.
His lecture is third in summer
"Teaching English Composition,
series for English teachers,
"Teaching English Composition,
Written and Oral, in the High
School."
Finder, who has had experience
teaching English in an underprivi-
leged community, has written in
The English Journal an article
called "Teaching English to Slum-
Dwelling Pupils."
In it, Finder says the major
problem in present school pro-
grams is that they rae built on
middle class orientation. "Our
school programs are designed for
middle-class pupils whose social
riculum, stimulating teaching, if
he is to overcome his conditioning
"to seek only day-to-day satisfac-
tions."
Then Finder explains that pub-
lic schools are based on middle-
class standards and as the lower-
class pupil does not know "'middle
class language habits and middle
class experiences" an education is
"relatively hard ... to attain."
Fighter Base
To .Be Located
In Manis tee
WASHINGTON (R) - House-
Senate conferees yesterday chose
Manistee County instead of Kal-
kaska as the site for a proposed
jet fighter base in northern Michi-
gan.
The choice of Manistee County
was a victory for the House, and
particularly for Rep. Ruth Thomp-
son (R-Mich.)) Manistee County
is in her congressional district.
The Senate had voted to build
the base in Kalkaska County -
the site favored by the Air Force.
Rep. Vinson (D-Ga.), chairman
of the Conference Committee, told
newsmen:
"The Senate conferees rescinded
from its position and we establish-
ed the base in Manistee."
The conference report now must
be approved by the Senate and
the House before it goes to the
White House.
This could be done in routine
fashion - or proponents of the
Kalkaska site could provoke an-
other floor fight over the site.
The Senate, for example, could
vote to return the bill to confer-
ence and instruct its conferees to
insist upon Kalkaska as the site
but such action is considered un-
likely.
For one thing, Sen. Charles Pot-
ter (R-Mich.), who actively op-
posed the switch to Manistee, is
leaving for Europe today to dedi-
cate two World War II battlefield
cemeteries and won't be here when
the conference report comes up
on the Senate floor.
The Air Force has said the
northern Michigan base is needed
to fill a gap in the nation's aerial
fence against a possible enemy
attack from across the Arctic re-
gion-particularly to provide "de-
fense in depth" for the Chicago
and Detroit areas.
DAS Gives
More Data
On Detroit
The 1955 median family income
in the Detroit area was $5,700-
one half of the incomes were above
and one half were below that
figure.
This is reported by University's
ffith annual Detroit Area Study
(DAS). The report is based on
some 1,000 interviews take dur-
ing the spring of 1956 in Detroit
homes. The homes ig the sample
were selected by scientific methods
and yield data representative of
all greater Detroit homes.
The 1955 figure is $400 greater
than the median family income
figure for 1054 found in an earlier
study. It represents an increase of
39 per cent in median family in-
come in Detroit over the past six
years the study reports.
Income Rises Regularly
The United States Bureau of the
Census reported a 1949 median
family income for metropolitan
Detroit of almost $4,100 accordig
to the DAS report. "Income rose
regularly during the next several
years until 1954. After a slight de-
cline that year, the peak year of
1953", the report said.
"Family income" is defined in
the report as "income from any
source for all persons related by
blood or marriage who live in the
same household".
"There is little doubt", the re-
port continues, "that Detroit is
maintaining its position as a com-
munity of relatively high family
income".
The report notes that in Detroit,
as in all the United States, 14 to
15 per cent of families earned
$4,000 to $4,999 last year. "How-
ever", the DAS report continues,
"59 per cent of the Detroit area
families had incomes of over
$5,000 in 1955; the comparable
figure for the total United States
was only 45 per cent".
Other Findings
Following are other significant
findings of the study regarding
family income in the Detroit area:
While some low income families
have moved into middle income
brackets and were replaced by low
income newcomers to Detroit, this
movement is probably not as great
as that of middle income families
into higher levels, and already
high income families moving even
higher.
Income growth has not been dis-
tributed evenly over all segments
of the Detroit area population.
Median income of families
whose heads are not working (e.g.,
disabled and retired persons) has
not 'increased since 1951 while
median income of families whose
heads are working has grown by
$1,300 in this period. The differen-
tial has increased from $2,700 in
1951 to $4,200 in 1955.
Incomes of families at the dif-
ferent occupational levels have in-
creased about the same extent.
Crewmen Sought
By Rescue Crew
LAKE CHARLES, La. ()-A
crash rescue crew and a heli-
copter searched a wooded area in
Labrador for six crewmen missing
when a KD97 Stratotanker from
the Lake Charles Air Base crashed
yesterday.
The big plane, one of four from
the 4th Air Refueling Squadron
here, exploded about 60 minutes
after radioing that one of its en-
gines was on fire. It fell about 45
miles northeast of the Goose Air
Force Base in Labrador.
None of the other three planes
in the formation reported seeing
any parachutes as the crippled
craft fell.
IElur
MICHIGAN DAILY
CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING
RATES
LINES 1 DAY 3 DAYS 6 DAYS
2 .75 1.87 2.78
3 .90 2.25 3.33
4 1.04 2.60 3.85
Figure 5 overage words to a line.
Classified deadline, 3 P.M. daily.
11:00 A.M. Saturday
Phone NO 2-3241
FOR RENT
SHARE APARTMENT with male grad
student. Close and reasonable. NO-
31511 ext. 2857, between 10 and 11 or
1 and 2. )C
FURNISHED APARTMENT-two blocks
from campus. From August 15, $75.
Phone NO-2-0368, ) 3
SINGLE ROOM with board and garage
privileges for gentlemen. Also a suite
for two. Call NO 8-7230. )C
FURNISHED APARTMENT FOR TWO
$65.00 per month. Five minute drive
from campus. Phone NO 3-84-60. )C
WANTED TO BUY
WOULD LIKE TO BUY - girl's and
boy's lightweight bicycle. Inexpen-
sive. NO-2-5704 after six. )K
ROOM AND BOARD
ROOMS AND/OR BOARD available for
summer session and fall. Nelson In-
ternational House, 915 Oakland. NO
3-8506.)E
FOR SALE
HOME in southeast section. 4 large
bedrooms, living room, dining roo,
and breakfast room. Fine basement
with recreation room. Abundance of
closet and storage space, gas-heater.
Attached garage. Drapes and carpet-
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liberal terms. CalleNO-3-0123 or NO-
3-4300. )B
FOR SALE-Paasche model V airbrush.
Never used, $15. The Paint Pot, 707
Packard. Phone NO 2-0533. )B
SCHWINN BIKE, spdmtr. horn, gener-
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speed. Licensed. $50.00. E. DutkiewicU
917 E. Ann. )B
BUSINESS SERVICES
WASHINGS, finished work, ironing sep-
arately! Specialize on cotton dresses,
blouses, wash skirts. Free pick-up and
delivery. Phone NO 2-9020. )J
SIAMESE CAT Stud Service. Registered.
Mrs. Peterson's Cattery, NO 2-9020. )J
PERSONAL
PRIVATE VOICE lessons for the sum-
b mer. Baritone with Masters in voice.
Box 24, Michigan Daily )F
SPECIAL FOR SUMMER STUDENTS:
Time $3 t reg. ..6), Life $4 (reg. $6.75),
etc. Student Periodical NO 2-3061.
USED CARS
1950 BUICK. Good motor. Call NO-8-
8673 between 6:00 p.m. and 10:00 p.m.
53 VOLKSWAGEN, Clean, custom seat
covers. Phone NO 8-8771 after 6 P.M.
ROOMS FOR RENT
CAMPUS APARTMENTS, 3 and 4 Adults
3 and 4 Rooms, nicely decorated and
furnished. Private bath. Call NO 2-
0035 or 8-6205, or 3-4594. )D
Reacd the Cassified s
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TONIGHT AT 8
DEPARTMENT OF SPEECH PRESENTS
BOLTON'S SUSPENSE DRAMA
"ANASTASIA"
$1.50 - $1.10 - 75c
LYDIA MENDELSSOHN THEATRE
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starring
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starring BILL WILLIAMS
"STAR OF INDIA"
with CORNELL WILDE
also
"WICHITA"
with JOEL McCREA
Shows from 1.:00 P.M.
ENDING TODAY
Animal World'
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4Cihnepta (uiI4"
Saturday at 7 and 9
Sunday at 8 only
"ALL QUIET ON THE
WESTERN FRONT"
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and
'Goodbye My Lady'
Starting SUNDAY
LEW AYRES
with
LOUIS WOLHEIM
ARCHITECTURE AUDITORIUM 50c
Ticm BACK...
mwe a gyt&zI
send th e wrloddy the hmail
* MAIN OFFICE
101-107 S. Main St.
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e NICKELS ARCADE
330 S. State Street
* NEAR 'ENGINE ARCH'
1108 South University
* PACKARD-BROCKMAN
1923 Packard
*WHITMORE LAKE
9571 N. Main St.
ESPECIALLY FOR YOU
Here are just a few of the serv-
ices that you, as o student, will
find useful and convenient at Ann
Arbor Bank.
t Special Checking Accounts-20
checks for $2.00. No service fees,
1i
1
I N
MORRIS FINDER
. . . teaching the underprivileged
conditioning is such that generally
they are motivated and rewarding
for doing well in school.
"Generally, too, the social con-
ditioning of our teachers is such
that they feel more at home in
middle-class teaching situation."
He goes on to say that a slum
child must have interesting cur-
Biological Confab
To Begin Monday
The University's division of bio-
logical sciences will hold seventh
annual summer Biological Confer-
ence beginning Monday, lasting
two weeks.
With discussion topic, "Modern
Approaches to Systematic Biol-
ogy," the conference will evaluate
relationships between living organ-
isms.
Speakers at the conference will
be Prof. Alfred E. Emerson of the
University of Chicago; R. Darnley
Gibbs, professor of botany at Uni-
versity of McGill in Montreal,
Canada; Hampton L. Carson, pro-
fessor of zoology at Washington
University, St. Louis, Mo.; and
David D. Keck, assistant director
and head curator of New York
Botanical Gardens, Bronx Park.
. Prof. Warren H. Wanger, Jr.,
of University botany department is
in charge of conference arrange-
ments.
. no required minimum balance.
0 Special Money Orders - Jus
15c will send any amount of mon-
ey, up to $250, anywhere you wish
' Travelers Checks-Availoble i
all denominations, these American
Express Checks are good anywhere
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