bATURDAY, JULY 7, 1956 THE -:*tlCftIGAN DAILV PAGE THREE ~ATURDAY, JULY 7,1956 THE ~ttiCiii6A~ iiAILi~ PAGE THREE _________________________ U U STUDIES STAFF: Daily Undergoes 'Psychoanalysis' Political Discussion By Mary Ann Thomas Can a newspaper be psycoana- yzed? It seems impossible, but some- Aing such as this has been done by Prof. Guy E Swanson of the pociology department. While he was teaching a mass communications course a few years ago, Prof. Swanson became interested in the type of people who are attracted to newspaper work. Since very little information was available, he conducted a ,study of the Michigan Daily. "It was a natural experiment sitting right in my lap", the young professor smiled. Questions Daily Staffers The study was conducted on the basis of information gathered in ; questionnaires filled by members of all staffs of The Daily, and the results were compared to predic- tions made prior to the study. "The predictions turned out very ;well, considering the roughness of the questionnaires", he comment- *dDesigned to provide a guide to the types of individuals then work- ing on The Daily, the question- naires consisted of personality tests and questions concerning the political opinions and social back- ground of the person. "From what I observed of those on the paper", Prof. Swanson said, "they spend a lot of time on the Job for very little monetary com- pensation, but few are in journa-. lism or plan carrers in that profes- Sion". Work For Love "So they must get some kind of personal satisfaction out of such work. They are working just for love, not money". Prior to summing up the re- sults of the personality tests, Prof. Swanson explained that the news- paper was a kind of soial situa- tion in which, people are able to influence others, in which names get to be associated with articles and in which there is some pro- tection from other opinions. -"Insofar as one gets personal satisfaction from belonging on The Daily", the sociologist observ-, ed, "we could predict that a dis- proportionate on the editorial staff would possess the following char- acteristics: Interested In Controlling "These are people with unusual interest in controlling their world and being controlled by it. In psy- chological terminology, they get this way because they have found the world difficult and take these measures as a form of self-pro- tection. "Secondly, we would expect that these are going to be the people who are interested in letting it be known that they personally are making this effort. "In personality theory terms, these people are likely to strongly concerned about their own com- petence. They are not sure of themselves so they must keep re- assuring other people and them- selves that they are competent, capable people. Also Seek Self Protection For the third personality char- acteristic, Prof. Swanson consider- ed the element of self-protection as contrasted to the comparative lack of it in campus organizations such as political clubs. "It's harder to get hurt as much on The Daily", he observed. "This means that people on the editorial staff have a kind of other people and have a desire to please them. Consequently, they are sensitive. "Thus, although they want to influence other people, they are dependent on others and are afraid of losing their support and approval". Predict Men Better "One can predict this in men which must more competence than with women", the intense educator admitted, "because per- sonality theory is much better de- veloped to help us deal with men". Of 34 men on the editorial staff in 1952, 17 fitted the personality traits given by the predictions. Commenting on the type of wo- men who work on a newspaper, Prof. Swanson pointed out that many complications interfere with such a study. "There are still traditions that journalism is a man's occupation, and this raises complications", he commented, "We must ask-what type of girl is likely to be attached to what is predominantly a man's field"? Complications Arise "Do they want to be more like men, or is the field becoming so feminized that the former theory no longer holds"? he asked. These traits can be interpreted both positively and negatively, he commented. "That such people have a dislike for authoritariansim I happen to think is good". He also expressed appreciation of sensitiv- ity in a person. Regarding social origin of the staff, Prof. Swanson admitted he could find no significant differ- ences. But information about at- titudes toward public issues re- vealed a great difference between the various staffs. "The edit staff read more natinal newspapers, news maga- zines and literature in general", he commented. "And there was a disproportionate number of po- litical science and English majors on that staff". Prof. Swanson believes that the sociologist can find in The Daily a sharpened situation which can be found in varying degrees in professional newspapers. "This study also has wider im- plications for the study of social life generally", he concluded, "for it presents indications as to what kind of people would be comfort- able ni what kind of position". Booklet Says Candor Good Condor usually pays off for pub- lic officials in their relations with the press, according to a newly published booklet from the Uni- versity's Institute of Public Ad- ministration. Titled "Press Realtions for Lo- cal Officials", the booklet was written by Prof. James C. Mac- Donald of the department of journalism. Among its specific suggestions for improved press relations are: periodic discussions with reporters and newscasters to give them background on major public prob- lems, simple words describing public activities, and patient ex- planation of any points not clear to reporters. The 0-page booklet is illustrat- ed by Frank Williams, Detroit Free Press editorial cartoonist. Giving basic responsibilities of the pres, the booklet says the press should help government officials make a public accounting of their administration and make certain that government at all levels oper- ates in public view. Also it says secret sessions of public bodies "leave citizens in a vacuum of ignorances, susceptible to dangerous rumor and wild con- troversy whenever an impasse is reached". Loses Contempt Of Congress Case WASHINGTON (P) - The gov- ernmengt yesterday lost a con- tempt off Congress case through which it sought to narrow the right of a witness to refuse to an- swer questions on the ground of possible self-incrimination. U.S. Dist. Judge David A. Pine entered a judgment of acquittal for Miss Diantha Hoag of Buffalo. N. Y. Her indictment grew out of her appearance before the Senate Investigations subcommittee then headed by Senator Joseph Mc- Carthy (R-Wis.) in August 1954. McCarthy had described the case as a test to determine whether a witnes may enter a blanket de- nial of wrongdoing and then re- fuse to answer specific questions. Sen. McCarthy, like Asst. U.S. Atty. William Hitz during Miss Hoag's trial, contended she waived her right to claim the privilege against possible self-incrimination because she volunteered that she had never engaged in espionage or sabotage. Later Miss Hoag, claiming the privilege of the Fifth Amendment, refused to say whether she had given information to members of the Communist party, or whether she had discussed at a Communist party meeting classified govern- ment work. -Daily-Diane Humenansky DISCUSSION SERIES-Richard Watson and Lawrence Berlin, teaching fellows in the political science department, are leading a discussion aimed at orienting foreign students to the political party system in America. This is the first in a series of four discussions for foreign students. The emphasis is on discussion rather than lecture in the series. The second discussion will be held July 13 with Prof. Joseph Kallenbach of the political science department speaking on "National Conventions." Chicago Teacher To Lecture On Educating Slum Children * ] 14, Morris Finder, of Chicago's Fen- ger High School will give a lecture, "Composition for the Reluctant" at 4 p.m. Monday, Auditorium C, An- gell Hall. His lecture is third in summer "Teaching English Composition, series for English teachers, "Teaching English Composition, Written and Oral, in the High School." Finder, who has had experience teaching English in an underprivi- leged community, has written in The English Journal an article called "Teaching English to Slum- Dwelling Pupils." In it, Finder says the major problem in present school pro- grams is that they rae built on middle class orientation. "Our school programs are designed for middle-class pupils whose social riculum, stimulating teaching, if he is to overcome his conditioning "to seek only day-to-day satisfac- tions." Then Finder explains that pub- lic schools are based on middle- class standards and as the lower- class pupil does not know "'middle class language habits and middle class experiences" an education is "relatively hard ... to attain." Fighter Base To .Be Located In Manis tee WASHINGTON (R) - House- Senate conferees yesterday chose Manistee County instead of Kal- kaska as the site for a proposed jet fighter base in northern Michi- gan. The choice of Manistee County was a victory for the House, and particularly for Rep. Ruth Thomp- son (R-Mich.)) Manistee County is in her congressional district. The Senate had voted to build the base in Kalkaska County - the site favored by the Air Force. Rep. Vinson (D-Ga.), chairman of the Conference Committee, told newsmen: "The Senate conferees rescinded from its position and we establish- ed the base in Manistee." The conference report now must be approved by the Senate and the House before it goes to the White House. This could be done in routine fashion - or proponents of the Kalkaska site could provoke an- other floor fight over the site. The Senate, for example, could vote to return the bill to confer- ence and instruct its conferees to insist upon Kalkaska as the site but such action is considered un- likely. For one thing, Sen. Charles Pot- ter (R-Mich.), who actively op- posed the switch to Manistee, is leaving for Europe today to dedi- cate two World War II battlefield cemeteries and won't be here when the conference report comes up on the Senate floor. The Air Force has said the northern Michigan base is needed to fill a gap in the nation's aerial fence against a possible enemy attack from across the Arctic re- gion-particularly to provide "de- fense in depth" for the Chicago and Detroit areas. DAS Gives More Data On Detroit The 1955 median family income in the Detroit area was $5,700- one half of the incomes were above and one half were below that figure. This is reported by University's ffith annual Detroit Area Study (DAS). The report is based on some 1,000 interviews take dur- ing the spring of 1956 in Detroit homes. The homes ig the sample were selected by scientific methods and yield data representative of all greater Detroit homes. The 1955 figure is $400 greater than the median family income figure for 1054 found in an earlier study. It represents an increase of 39 per cent in median family in- come in Detroit over the past six years the study reports. Income Rises Regularly The United States Bureau of the Census reported a 1949 median family income for metropolitan Detroit of almost $4,100 accordig to the DAS report. "Income rose regularly during the next several years until 1954. After a slight de- cline that year, the peak year of 1953", the report said. "Family income" is defined in the report as "income from any source for all persons related by blood or marriage who live in the same household". "There is little doubt", the re- port continues, "that Detroit is maintaining its position as a com- munity of relatively high family income". The report notes that in Detroit, as in all the United States, 14 to 15 per cent of families earned $4,000 to $4,999 last year. "How- ever", the DAS report continues, "59 per cent of the Detroit area families had incomes of over $5,000 in 1955; the comparable figure for the total United States was only 45 per cent". Other Findings Following are other significant findings of the study regarding family income in the Detroit area: While some low income families have moved into middle income brackets and were replaced by low income newcomers to Detroit, this movement is probably not as great as that of middle income families into higher levels, and already high income families moving even higher. Income growth has not been dis- tributed evenly over all segments of the Detroit area population. Median income of families whose heads are not working (e.g., disabled and retired persons) has not 'increased since 1951 while median income of families whose heads are working has grown by $1,300 in this period. The differen- tial has increased from $2,700 in 1951 to $4,200 in 1955. Incomes of families at the dif- ferent occupational levels have in- creased about the same extent. Crewmen Sought By Rescue Crew LAKE CHARLES, La. ()-A crash rescue crew and a heli- copter searched a wooded area in Labrador for six crewmen missing when a KD97 Stratotanker from the Lake Charles Air Base crashed yesterday. The big plane, one of four from the 4th Air Refueling Squadron here, exploded about 60 minutes after radioing that one of its en- gines was on fire. It fell about 45 miles northeast of the Goose Air Force Base in Labrador. None of the other three planes in the formation reported seeing any parachutes as the crippled craft fell. IElur MICHIGAN DAILY CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING RATES LINES 1 DAY 3 DAYS 6 DAYS 2 .75 1.87 2.78 3 .90 2.25 3.33 4 1.04 2.60 3.85 Figure 5 overage words to a line. Classified deadline, 3 P.M. daily. 11:00 A.M. Saturday Phone NO 2-3241 FOR RENT SHARE APARTMENT with male grad student. Close and reasonable. NO- 31511 ext. 2857, between 10 and 11 or 1 and 2. )C FURNISHED APARTMENT-two blocks from campus. From August 15, $75. Phone NO-2-0368, ) 3 SINGLE ROOM with board and garage privileges for gentlemen. Also a suite for two. Call NO 8-7230. )C FURNISHED APARTMENT FOR TWO $65.00 per month. Five minute drive from campus. Phone NO 3-84-60. )C WANTED TO BUY WOULD LIKE TO BUY - girl's and boy's lightweight bicycle. Inexpen- sive. NO-2-5704 after six. )K ROOM AND BOARD ROOMS AND/OR BOARD available for summer session and fall. Nelson In- ternational House, 915 Oakland. NO 3-8506.)E FOR SALE HOME in southeast section. 4 large bedrooms, living room, dining roo, and breakfast room. 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Speakers at the conference will be Prof. Alfred E. Emerson of the University of Chicago; R. Darnley Gibbs, professor of botany at Uni- versity of McGill in Montreal, Canada; Hampton L. Carson, pro- fessor of zoology at Washington University, St. Louis, Mo.; and David D. Keck, assistant director and head curator of New York Botanical Gardens, Bronx Park. . Prof. Warren H. Wanger, Jr., of University botany department is in charge of conference arrange- ments. . no required minimum balance. 0 Special Money Orders - Jus 15c will send any amount of mon- ey, up to $250, anywhere you wish ' Travelers Checks-Availoble i all denominations, these American Express Checks are good anywhere :<> :D D NK t in n ihrrt bi{ariout fittNl bob + ,. droi+ ~ ajot BeritQn" tarfl Dial NO 2-3136 Out of the Land of Wyatt Earp... Come 1 I p pU 11 A 11 A MAJOR SALE IS IN PROGRESS NOW AT MICHIGAN'S BIG BOOK STORE... 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