THE MICHIGAN DAILY
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E MICHIGAN DAILY
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Edited and managed by students of the University of
Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of
Student Publications.
Publishea every morning except Monday during the
University year and Summer Session.
Member of the Associated Press
The 'Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the
use for republication of all news dispatches credited to
it or not otherwise credited in this newspaper. All
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reserved.
entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as
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Subscriptions during regular school year by carrier,
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,. Rember, Associated Collegiate Press, 1937-38
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Board of Editors
MANAGING EDITOR .. IRVING SILVERMAN
City Editor . . . . . . Robert I. Fitzhenry
Assistant Editors ... . . . Mel Fineberg,
Joseph Gies, Elliot Maraniss, Ben M. Marino,
Carl Petersen, Suzanne Potter Harry L.
Sonneborn
Business Department
BUSINESS MANAGER ... ERNEST A. JONES
Credit Manager . . . . Norman Steinberg
Circulation ManagerJ. .J. Cameron Hall
Assistats . . Philip Buchen, Walter Stebens
NIGHT EDITOR: ELLIOTT MARANISS
The editorials published in The Michigan
SDaily are written by members of the Daily
staff and represent the views of the writers
only
It is important for society to. avoid the
zpeglect of adults, but positively dangerous
for it to thwart the ambition' of youth to
reform the world. Only the schools which.
act on this belief are educational insttu-
-tions in the best meaning of the term.
-Alexander G. Ruthven
A Decade Of
Summer Theatre...
ITH THE LAST PERFORMANCE of
"The Vagabond King" tonight the
Michigan Repertory Players conclude ten years
of successful stage endeavor.
The success of the Players can best be gauged
by that met during the present season which the
director has called "absolutely the most suc-
cessful from the attendance standpoint"-the
season which culminates the ten years of earnest
theatrical work. Ann Arbor audiences have voiced
their appreciation of the efforts of the Players
by record-breaking support at the box-office.
Special recognition must be given Valentine
B, Windt who ten summers ago organized The
Repertory group and who has carried the greater
part of the burden through its entire existence.
He. has received during this period the aid and
advice of outstanding theatrical personages such
as Prof. Chester Wallace and Thomas Wood
Stevens, both of the Carnegie Institute of Tech-
nology,Drama School, the latter being the found-
er of the Carnegie school and also director of the
Globe Theatre Players; Lennox Robinson; Fran-
cis Compton; Oswald Marshall; and during the
past three years, Whitford Kane, whose help
many of the student actors in the current season
regard as one of their most important sources
of guidance and inspiration.
The Players, with the further aid of a perma-
nent, adequate theatre for practice and per-
formance, have managed to instill in their pre-
sentations a sincerity and enthusiasm which
forces more than favorable comparison with- the
perfgrmances of the professionally-cast Dramatic
Season during the spring semester. As against
the regtlar session's Play Production, to which
the summer student group is related and of
which Mr. Windt is also director, the Players
may be regarded as more successful, because,
for the most part, more facilities and more pro-
fessional aid are available during the summer.
For the ten years of, outstanding achievement
of- the Michigan Repertory Players, then, we
offer an editorial toast.
-Irving Silverman
industry, banking, labor and education are all
burdened by the economic ills in the area. It
recited that the paradox of the South was that,
with its large number of indigenous Americans
and its immense store of natural wealth, its
people as a whole are the poorest in the country.
The report stated that the South was losing
the better members of its own population, de-
spite its relatively high birth rate, and mostly on
account of its general economic debility. The
rural districts have exported one-fourth of their
natural increase in children to other parts of
the country through the mere search of these
people for gainful employment.
Labor standards were in keeping with the gen-
eral situation found in the South. An average
differential in rates of new labor between the
South and the rest of the country in 20 important
industries Was placed at 16 cents an hour for
the year 1937. Labor organization has made slow
progress among the low-paid workers, there has
been little collective bargaining, child labor is
more common than elsewhere and women and
children work under fewer legal safeguards than
in other sections of the United States, the report
said.
A long list of similar ills was cited: education
was found lagging, with a marked disparity be-
tween the number of children to be educated
and the means for educating them; more than
one-third of the country's good farming land is
to be found in the South, but this heritage has
been "sadly exploited; health and housing are
at low levels; the handicap of the tariff is forc-
ing the South to sell its agricultural products in
an unprotected world market and buy its manu-
factured goods at prices supported by high
duties.
However dark the report may be, however,
essentially it is the harbinger of the modern, new
South, the keynote of which was sounded by
Lowell Mellett, executive director of the Emer-
gency Council, who declared in his letter of
transmittal to the President that these "grave
problems are not beyond the power of men to
solve." For once men realize that the power to
solve their problems lies in their own hands, that
economic and social questions are the result of
human relationships and as such are subjected
not to a transcendental force for resolution,
but to the application of intelligence and science
in human relations, they have taken an important
step forward in their attempts to solve those
problems. Elliott Maraniss
A Bombay Correspondent
56 Saraswati Sadan,
Shiwaji Park,
Mahim P. O.,
Bombay 16.
14th July, '38.
To the Editor:
Very recently I read in one of the local news-
papers that there are many youths in U.S.A. who
would like to have some Indian pen friends.
I offer myself as one, who would like to receive
friendly correspondence from boys and girls
attending U.S.A.'s Universities.
I will be highly obliged if you will kindly pub-
lish this letter in your paper.
Hoping you will be very kind to me,
Yours faithfully,
H. P. Desai
As Others See It
Hague Slipping?
Even his best friends, in their moments of
candor, must concede as a simple matter of
intellectual honesty that Mayor Hague, who or-
ders the affairs of the Democratic party in New
Jersey, has mismanaged his business quite seri-
ously in preparing for the fall campaign. Mayor
Hague, who is jealous of his reputation for
political invincibility, may not care to accept
responsibility for the present strange plight of
his party, but it cannot properly be placed else-
where. He is the leader who for twenty-five
years has named the Democratic candidates for
major offices. He has tolerated no interference
with his prerogative. Upon his shoulders, ac-
cordingly, rests the blame for the almost in-
credible circumstance that with only a week re-
maining for the filing of nominating petitions
the Democratic party in New Jersey has as yet
found no candidate for United States Senator.
Elsewhere throughout the country the contests
for Democratic Senate nominations are making
interesting chapters of political history. The
party is in the ascendancy, and although there
are many signs of developing weaknesses, these
nominations are to be coveted. Normally, there
should be a comparable condition in New Jersey.
Two years ago the Democratic party swept the
state by more than 300,000. Only last fall Gover-
nor Moore carried it by 45,000. These figure
would seem to support reasonable hopes of suc-
cess in November. Instead, there is an atmos-
phere of defeatism that finds reflection in the
absence of not only a- contest for the Senate
nomination but of even a single candidate willing
to be persuaded or pushed into the vacant place
at the head of the ticket.
In more than one way this unprecedented situ-
ation is traceable directly to the door of Mayor
Hague, who has appeared to weather success-
fully the recurring storms of recent months but
who has, in reality, been left just a little weaker,
a little more distraught and discredited, by each
new onslaught. Burkitt and Longo have been
kept in jail. Norman Thomas and Congress-
man O'Connell have been driven out of town.
The legislative investigation of the guberna-
torial election has been stifled. Hudson County
has resisted all attacks. But still Mayor Hague
is not quite the same. Some of his old cunning
and power must of necessity be. gone, or he
would not occupy the humiliating position of a
leader who cannot induce an acceptable candi-
date to seek the Senate place soon to become
vacant.
This is a pitiable state for one who is the
law in New Jersey, who for so many years has
had governors and legislatures and courts at his
command, who is the vice-chairman of the
Democratic National Committee and who has
at times played with the notion of advancing
Governor Moore as a conservative candidate for
President. It would be interesting to know if
Mayor Hague ever searches his mind and heart
for the cause of the embarrassment that has
overtaken him. He would find it, if his processes
of thought follow a straight course, in that
peculiar political ideology that passes as Hague-
(By Associated Press)
Sen. Sherman Minton, Indiana
Democrat. told a luncheon of news-
paper men and women Saturday that
American newspapers "are big busi-
ness and they give the people . . .
:oday what they want the people to
think tomorrow."
The newspapers, he said, are con-
trolled "by wealth and selfish forces,"
by the money of men who, in his
opinion, "would not scruple to throw
this country into fascism rather than
Surrender their privileges."
He also accused the wire services
of "monopolistic practices."
In an open forum after he delivered
his prepared speech, Senator Minton
said in response to questions :
"I think the majority of newspapers
are on the up and up. I think the
great majority of working newspaper
men and women are on the up and
up,.
The Senator addressed the Ameri-
can Press Society. Paul Scott Mowrer,
president of the society and editor of
the Chicago Daily News, who intro-
duced Minton, described the organiza-
tion as "a national professional or-
ganization of working newspaper men
and women . . . dedicated to the
belief that theirs is an honorable
profession which is in the nature of
a public trust."
In the question period several mem-
bers of the society expressed dis-
agreement with Senator Minton's
criticism, declaring that in years of
newspaper work they never had been
asked to write an untruth or distort
a news story.
"I don't know whether these things
exist," Minton said at one point, "but
I have given you expert testimony
and given you the names of books
where you can find more." h
He recalled "a little bill" he pro-
posed last year which some newspa-
pers denounced as an attempt to limit
the freedom of the press.
The American Newspapers Publish-
ers Association, the Senator said, had
made an "impudent and hypocritica]
proposal," to "censor free speech by
curbing the radio," and he had "as-
sumed that if the press had set foi
itself the task of cleaning up the
house of radio it wouldn't mind put-
ting its own house in order."
"It proposed," he said, "that it
should be a crime to publish as a
fact anything known to be false. Ir
other words, it would be a crime to
lie, knowing it to be a lie. . . . Then
it was that I learned from the great
newspaper publishers that t h ey
claimed the constitutional right to
deliberately lie, and that you cannot
run a newspaper without lying delib-
erately."
Minnto recalled the "era of greati
editors, Greeley, Dana, Bennett and
Watterson," spoke of the growth of
newspaper chains, naming the Hearts+
and Gannett chains, and of the pass-
ing of Pulitzer and "the ideals of
Scripps."
Today, he said, the editorial page
receives "must orders from the high
command."
He said that columnists have re-
placed the men who once spoke out
freely on the editorial page, but that
columnists themselves are now edit-
ed "on the principle that the owners
of the paper must decide what news
shall be printed, to say nothing of
opinion."
Discussing the Associated Press, he
said :-
"It is impossible to start a compet-
ing paper to one with an Associated
Press franchise."
And of the United Press, he said:
"Let one try today to establish a
newspaper in competition with one of
its clients and see how tight the line
is held."
The Press~-Big Business
Senator Minton Assails The Newspaper Publishers
DAILY OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
TUESDAY, AUG. 16, 1938
VOL. XLVIII. No. 43
Faculty, College of Literature, Sci-
ence and the Arts: It is requested by
the Administrative Board that all
instructors who make reports of In-
complete or Absent from Examina-
tion on grade-report-sheets give also
information showing the character
of, the part of the work which has
been completed. This may be done
by the use of the symbols, I (A),
X (B), etc.
New members of Mi Lambda Theta.
Kindly call for your certificate at
Room 2533, University Elementary
School today between 10 and 11
o'clock. Call Frances Quigley at
23082 if unable to call at this time.
Phi Delta Kappa. The final lun-
cheon meeting of the Summer Ses-
sion will be held this noon at the
Michigan Union at 12:15 p.m. Dr.
Henry Beaumont, assistant profes-
sor of psychology at the University
of Kentucky, will be the speaker.
Final Linguistic Instr=ite Luncheon
Conference, 12:10 p.m., Tuesday, at
(Continued on Page 4)
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BritainEx Stake In Spain
British Military Expert Warns Of Fascist Threat To Life-Line
F
WA
2
r1
Capt. B. H. Liddell Hart, Author of
By its geographical position, the Iberian Penin-
sula is almost as important to Britian as it is to
France. The question must therefore be asked
and faced squarely: what the strategic conse-
quences would be if Spain were the ally of our
enemies.
In the first place, it is obvious that Gibraltar
as a naval base would become untenable. The
anchorage there is limited and the depth of the
water increases abruptly. This restricted area
could not be used by our naval units if they
were exposed to the fire of enemy guns emplaced
on the Spanish side. ;"
A few batteries, rapidly installed on the Span-
ish side, would render the anchorage untenable.
We should then have not a single British base
between England and Alexandria, a distance of
3000 miles. This would be so serious as to rele-
gate to. second place the question whether our
squadrons would even be able to pass through
the Strait of Gibraltar in order to enter or leave
the Mediterranean.
Nevertheless, this question of an entrance to
and exit from the Mediterranean is complicated
by the possibility of the naval and air bases of
the east coast of Spain and the Balearic Islands
being at the disposal of our enemies.
There are still further dangers to, be considered.
The possession of bases of operations on the
northwest and southwest coasts of Spain would
enableenemy submarines and seaplanes to
threaten the route to the Far East, the Cape
route and even the sea routes to England. The
danger would be increased if the enemy occupied
the Canary Islands. It is clear that, from a
strategic point of view, the result of the war in
Spain cannot be a matter of indifference to us.
A friendly Spain would be most desirable; a
neutral Spain indispensable.
* * *
For these reasons the results of foreign inter-
vention in Spain closely concern us. An analysis
of the military events of the civil war enables
us to realize the leading role which has been
played by foreign intervention.
At the beginning, the help provided by Ger-
many and Italy, although negligible in quantity,
was enough to enable Gen. Franco to bring re-
inforcements from Africa and consolidate his
position in Spain; it was thus an indispensable
factor for the insurgents.
During the second phase it would probably
have been imnossible for the badly equipned and
"Europe in Arms," in L'Ordre, Paris.
governments. And if, during the present year,
Gen. Franco has been able to make continued
progress, it is owing only to the maintenance
and increase of supplies from Italy and Germany.
The fatal consequence is that Gen. Franco is
becoming more and more dependent .on the
states which provide him with suplies. It is quite
probable that he will end by becoming their tool;
which would mean that in the event of a war
in which we were engaged on the other side, the
naval and air bases of Spain would be in enemy
hands and the whole structure of our imperial
defenses would be undermined.
If we study contemporary history in Spain,
we realize that the same class which supports
Franco was openly pro-German during the
Great War.
Report On
The South ...
Anyone who pays the slightest attention to
the lessons of history can only conclude\that it
would be an act of stupid credulity to expect a
change of attitude from these same parties after
the support which Germany has given them
during the civil war.
The British Government- has always taken the
utmost care to avoid showing any manifestation
of sympathy for the Republican Government,
which has not prevented it from being accused
of being "in the service of the Reds." In April,
1937, Gen. Queipo de Llano declared at the micro-
phone : "Our victory will determine once and for
all the collapse of Great Britain." Evidently, this
gentleman is unusually indiscreet, but there are
abundant proofs, positive and negative, which
shows that he is not the only one of this way of
thinking.
It must not be forgotten either that Gen.
Franco, if he wins, will need German arms and
German organization to keep power. The techni-
cal methods employed nowadays to control a
conquered country are more developed 4nd effi-
cient than in the past and demand specialized
men and material. It seems improbable that
Franco could find these in Spain.
Supposing that he confines himself to im-
porting foreign advisers. Does not history show
us the results achieved by the German military
mission in Turkey?
It would, moreover, be unwise to ignore the
implications of certain points of the Falangist
program which Franco has adopted: "We have
a will to empire . . . Our military forces must
Summer Residents. .
Keep in daily touch with your Un-
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A GLOOMY PICTURE of the economic
and social conditions of the South
was given last week-end in the report of the
National Emergency Council. Drafted entirely
by Southerners who obtained their information
largely from Government departments and
agencies, the 60-page report treated the South's
problems in 15 different topics, ranging from
economic resources to purchasing power.
The report itself made no recommendation. It
restricted itself to a realistic appraisal of exist-
ing conditions, its authors apparently proceeding
on the sound principle that awareness and under-
standing are the necessary preliminaries to
change and reform. Yet so thorough and compre-
hensive is the appraisal that the inferred method
of change runs through the sixty pages as if it
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