.
TH E MICHIGAN . AILY
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The Editor
Gets Told.
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VI
An Orchid To Us
urn... .- .,,
Edited and managed by students of the University of
lchigan under the authority of the Board in Control of
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Pubiheaevery mrig tcept Monday during the
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'liAssociated Press Is exclusvely etitled to the
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t red at the Post o ice at Ann Arbor, Mfchigan, as
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&4ember, Associated Collegiate Press, 1937-38
REPR3S NTUD PO NtATIONAL.ADVtRT iSNt3 sY
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Coll eg Publiskers R Iresenfataie
4A2 MADI5ON AiE. *w YORK, ri. Y.
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Board of Editors
MANAGING EDITOR.. IRVING SILVERMAN
pity Editor . . . . . . Robert I. Ftzhenry
A sistaflt Editors ..... .. Mel Fineberg,
Joseph Gies, Elliot Maraniss, Ben M. Marino,
Carl Petersen, Suzanne Potter, Harry L.
Sonneborn.
Business Department
JSINESS MANAG .. . ERNEST A. JONES
edit Manager . . . . Norman Steinberg
rculation Milanager . . . J. ameron Hall
stants . .Philip Buchen, Walter Stebens
-.
NIGHT EDITOR: JOSEPH GIES
. The editorials published In The Michigan'
.Daly .are written by members of the Daily
jtaff and represent the views of the writers
onl y. '
It is important for society to avoid the
nteglect of adults, but positively dangerous
for t to thwart the ambitioPa of youth to
reform the world. Only the schools which
act on this belief are educational institu-
tions in the best meaning of the term
The Anti-Labor
.ndustria School..
A FINANCIAL WRITER in the Detroit
News, Charles F. Speare, made a
Somment lat week ,on a matter which deserves
6om clearing up. '"This writer," said Mr. Speare,
"makes no pretense of understa.nding why, with
.fIood prices high and with the unemployed in
Cleveland and elsewhere s.tarving because of
inadequate fopd and old-fashioned prosperity
based -on large crops, it is any more niecessary
to hold up the price of wheat than to maintain
a gage scale that has no relation to current busi-
ness profits.",
While not necessarily agreeing with the Ad-
,ministration's farm program, we can understand
-quite easily why it is necessary for the price of
wheat to be kept high enough to give the farmer
.something like an adequate income. The unem-
ployed in Cleveland as well as elsewhere are in
.o danger of starving from lack of food with
which to feed them; their plight is due to their
lack of purchasing power and the failure of local
povernments, through mismanagement or in-
solvency, adequately to provide for them.
But it is Mr. Speare's second contention, im-
-plied in the last clause of the quotation, with
which we should like to take sharp issue. With-
out admitting that the current wage scale actu-
ally has no relation to current business profits,
we should like to ask Mr. Speare a question. What
would have become of the huge inventories piled
up by the automobile and other industries if the
wage scales of the workers in all industries had
been reduced? The used car lots, factories and
warehouses were emptied of their surpluses As
quickly as they have been, preparing the way
for an industrial upturn in the fall, because the
relatively few workers who were not laid off
-were still able to earn enough to keep on buy-.
ping.
Industry, it is true,> has not been far-sighted
enough to keep wages up of its own accord.
Eugene Grace, pesident of Bethlehem Steel, has
-just added his voice to the collective chant of
industrial giants for wage reductions. The CIO,
which has been responsible for the maintenance
-of wage standards, is meantime subjected to a
fresh barrage of invective, as are the National
Labor Relations Board and the Wagner Act,
which made possible collective bargaining by
unions on terms approaching equality with em-
°ployers.
Plaints of financial writers and steel company
- presidents about wagescales thatthave no relation
to business profits strengthen the suspicion in
-many minds that the recession, whether induced
by them or not, is being used by great industrial-
ists as a footing for an organized offensive to
wipe out the gains made by labor in the past
five years. Recalling the revelations of the
LaFollette Committee, we might term these
gentlemen the "millions forelabor spies but not
one cent for wage increases" schooj of industrial
leadership.
-Joseph Gies
The progressive is almost as dangerous as
the inventor and discoverer. If we don't act
auiicly toAcurb hhim he twill son hp Athemi-n
To The Editor:
May I take this opportunity to express my
thanks to you and your staff for the genuine
pleasure which the Daily has afforded me? It is
heartening to note the spirit of fearless seeking
for truth, which seems to be the keystone of your
institution. And "institution" must certainly be
the word for your paper-among all those who
glory in championing human rights. It is an
oasis tor all parched by the average nwspaper
(so-called).
When I finished reading Sinclair Lewis' "It
Can't Happen Here," a few years ago, I was
thoroughly depressed. When vicious steel com-
pany thugs "blackjacked" Bob Burke in Youngs-
town;; when selfish local "vigilantism" and lack
of education through newspapers or radio-both
monopolized by steel in Mahoning Valley-dealt
unionism a paralyzing blow; when Governor
Martin Luther Davey ("Hot Mix Graft" to the
Cleveland Plain Dealer and other foes) sold
Youngstown steel workers down the river after
sticking bayonets in their faces-my sadness was
overwhelming. When I was choked by tear-gas,
when my blood boiled at the sight of women
and children being slugged and unarmed men
killed outright in Youngstown last summer I
wondered where Christian justice and American
sportsmanship were hiding. I knew Girdler of
Republic Steel and Purnell of Sheet and Tube
thought more of "coupon-clipping" than human
lives. Hadn't their companies precipitated the
destruction of a whole portion of the town and
ruined the small-business men (among them
my father) on another bloody occasion? But
that was 1916 and this, under Roosevelt was
"a new era". Where was the church element?
And the press, which had the freedom for which
the radicals of '76 had fought?
The local paper, the "Vindicator," (except for
a feeble protest voiced when we threatened a
,boycott and its circulation dropped a few thous-
and overnight) somehow, and for a not too
subtle reason, refused to "vindicate." Imagine,
then, the thrill of reading, in the Daily, of
plucky Reverend Orville Jones explaining church
silence, because of the mill leaders' intimidation,
and getting Gillies of Republic to admit it, in
effect, before the Senate Civil Liberties Com-
mittee. I wonder if the Vindicator is also printing
the unaltered truth on its front page.
When I read of treasured personal friends of
Harvard, Youngstown and Columbus, being slain
by Fascist shrapnel (perhaps imported also from
America via Germany or Italy)-in the unequal
battle against Franco ("The Butcher of the
Austrias"), Hitler (the Sudeten saviour) and he
of the "inflexible will," "invincible warriors" and
the double cross-Il Duce-think of the thrill of
finally reading, in the Daily, an encouraging
report of Loyalist success. While I "walk on air"
reading your paper at 6:30 a. m. going to lecture,
I still know it can happen here-in spite of this.
But if my heart bleeds for China and my gloom
reaches a new low whenever I realize circum-
stances and the Detroit Spanish consul's regard
for American laws prevent my taking a place in
the "people's army" of Spain, I am buoyed up by
what the Daily makes me realize-that there is
work to be done here-while Czechoslovakia and
Spain hold the fort-boycotting Japan, lifting
the embargo on shipments to Loyalist Spain etc.
So thanks a million and the best of luck. Long
after I've ceased hearing carillons and stopped
thinking of the Rackham Building, I shall re-
,member the Daily, in recalling old Ann Arbor
memories.
-Daniel Berni
And A Scallion
To The Editor:
Having been an interested, if not always im-
pressed, reader of your editorial page for the
past five weeks, I feel that the time has arrived
when some of your efforts must be challenged.
In your devotion to the Loyalist cause, you
have frequently transgressed the spirit of the
Bill of Rights and also the present law of the
land as embodied in the Neutrality Act.
Your editorial, "The Catholic Church and the
Spanish War," admits that there is no doubt
that churches have indeed been destroyed in
Spain, most of them by the Loyalists. Further
down the page you refer parenthetically to the
"guarantee of religious freedom in the Republi-
can Constitution." Now if the Republican Loyal-
ists guarantee religious freedom in their Consti-
tution and yet indulge in the burning of churches,
do they .not immediately take their place along-
side the greatest governmental hypocrites in
history? Is not this offense as heinous as those
of Fascist Germany? Or is it only Fascists who
can do wrong?
Your frequent references to the "legally con-
stituted" Loyalist government are based on the
assumption that the election which put the
Loyalists into power was a bona-fide election.
There is strongpreason to suspect that the elec-
tion was fraudulent, and the murder of Calvo
Sotelo indicates that certain Leftist consciences
were not resting easily.
But it is when you have the temerity to quote
Pope Leo XIII that you make your postion ridicu-
lous. Why don't you quote Leo XIII's encyclical
"On The Condition of Labor" or Pius XI's "Re-
cgnstruction of the Social Order?" These two
papers stand as monuments of liberal labor
philosophy, advocating unions, living wages, fair
conditions for labor, social security and many
other things which "liberals" so intensely crave.
To return to your actual quotation of Pope
Leo XIII, he says, ". . . the Church . . . has
Ii feenir Lo6 Me
Heywood Broun
James Lardner, Ring's boy, has been wounded
fighting for the Loyalist army on the River Ebro
front A bomb burst near his trench, and he was
struck in the back by a frag-
ment, but they say his wound
is not serious. Nevertheless, I
hope that he will be invalided
back to his own country, for
I think he may have much to
say which will be useful to
democratic Spain and demo-
cratic America.
Many American writers
much better known than
young Lardner have come out for the cause of
the Spanish government, and quite a few have
seen some portion of"the war. And yet I think
that Lardner's testimony may have a special
significance.
In small part this is personal. I have not seen
James Lardner since he was one of four chubby
children who all looked exactly alike. They lived
in a big house in Great Neck across the lawn
from the Swopes. I saw a lot of Ring in those
days, and I try to grab back things he said or
did, because I imagine -he was the only man of
genius I ever met.
* * *
That Moving World
It would interest me enormously to know just'
how Ring would have reacted to Jim's enlistment
with the Loyalists. For the life of me I can't
remember Ring's ever saying a word about poli-
tics or economics or world affairs. It was a long
way in those days from a Great Neck lawn to
the Ebro River. I suppose everybody would have
been surprised if some soothsayer had pointed
to the chunky kid playing Indian and said,
"When he is 24 he will be wounded fighting
Fascism in Spain."
Of course, the word "Fascism" would have
been meaningless to us. But I think that in a way
which is curiously remote Jim has carried on
the tradition of his father. Under an insulation of
isolation and indifference Ring boiled, with a
passion against smugness and hypocrisy and the
hard heart of the world. He used to sit up'until
6 o'clock in the morning telling cockeyed fairy
stories, and so I got the impression that he
didn't like Great Neck.
I used to sit up with him when everybody else
had gone to bed, because I knew that Ring was
a great man. But the stories were very long,
very involved and, on the surface, a little point-
less. At that time I had never heard of Freud nor
was I familiar with the modern connotation of
"escape." So I. only retained an occasional
phrase.
There was a story which began, "I turned the
tap on in the bathroom and four Ctechoslovak-
ians jumped out." In those days "Czechoslovak-
ian" was a comic word. But time, which makes
jokes as well as dreams come true, did not turn
on the tap. And when streams were loosed in
Middle Europe there were drops of blood upon
a lawn in Great Neck..
* * *
Jim Lardner's Story
I hope Jim Lardner comes home and speaks his
piece. In arguments about Spain one debater
always attempts to disqualify the other by
identifying him with some political, economic
or religious group. But here is a brief biography
of James Phillips Lardner, son of our great
native American humorist:-
He was educated at Andover and Harvard and
joined the staff of the New York Herald Tribune,
where he conducted a column on contract bridge.
Later he became a war correspondent for the
European edition of the New York Herald Tri-
bune, and after three weeks as an observer he
said, "I think something has to be done by
somebody. I've seen the front, and I know what
I'm going into. This is a fight that will have to
be won sooner or later, and I'm in favor of
doing it here and now."
You may agree or disagree with the decision
at which Ring's son arrived. But nobody can
justly say that he was put up to it by "subversive
influences." He saw with his own eyes, and he
made his own choice. Ring and the rest of the
Lardners always did run without blinkers.
ish Government, why not coryiemn Lenin, Stalin,
Trotsky, et al. for fostering a rebellion against
the once "legitimate" rule of the Tsar? Surely
Mr. Gies' sanctimony with regard to "legitimate"
government ought to extend in all directions,
rather than merely in the direction of the Vati-
can.
Now, I'm ready to admit that this word "com-
munist" is greatly overworked, but Mr. Gies
once again disguises the truth when he states
that there is but one Communist holding a port-
folio in the Loyalist Cabinet' We are all aware
that party labels are meaningless. Does Mr.
Gies deny, however, that the Loyalist government
is predominately "left-wing" and anti-Christian?
Does he deny that in Barcelona, where that fam-
ous "religious freedom" clause is in effect, Catho-
lic piriests have to say Mass in secret and in
civilian clothes?
With reference to Father O'Flanagan, inci-
dentally, anyone who can reason at all will
readily see the parallel between Father O'Flana-
gan's relation to the Catholic Church and Leon
Trotsky's relation to Moscow. Both are traitors.
Let's have a dose of real liberalism beneath
your noble masthead.
-Undoubtedly a Fascist.
A Reply
In connection with the above letter, we should
like to suggest the following points:
By JACK C. SULLIVAN
HENRY FORD AND GREENFIELD
VILLAGE, by William Adams Si-
monds. The Fredrick A. Stokes Co.
1938.
More than half a million people
visited Greenfield Village and the,
Edison Institute Museum of "Early
Americana" at Dearborn during 1931.
But probably nearly all that half mil-
lion went away without any definite
idea as to the purpose behind the
project or any notion of the import
attached to the experiments in youth
training carried on there. Mr. Si-
tmonds' book attempts to explain the
purpose and describe in detail the
execution of Mr. Ford's plans. A
major portion of it is devoted to tide
Ford philosophy of education and the
application of that philosophy in the
schools maintained by Ford.
Mr. Simonds is admirably suited for
this work. He is custodian of the
Village and editor of the "Ford News,"
official publication of the Ford Mo-
tor Company, He began his career
as editor of The University of Wash-
ington Daily and saw newspaper work
on the Seattle Times and as manag-
ing editor of Northwest Motor.
The Ford schools are locted in
several places and are of several types.
Younger children occupy some of the
buildings in the Early American Vil-
lage. High school students go to
classes in the Museum buildings. And
during 1937 a new building was con-
structed to house a technical institute
where degrees in mechanical, elec-
trical, chemical and agricultural en-
gineering will be offered.
And there are numerous country
schools in the neighborhood of Dear-I
born which have been rehabilitated;
dew schools to care for the children
of the Ford lumber towns in Upper
Peninsula Michigan; schools for the
children of native workers on Ford
rubber holdings in South America; a
school for convalescent children at
Henry Ford Hospital; the already
well-known Henry Ford Trade
School; a School of Nursing and Hy-
giene at the Hopsital; and assistance
in N'egro education, both in the
Martha Berry schools of the South
and in nearby Inkster.
This educational system is akin to
Mr. Ford's program for decentraliza-
tion of industry. He believes that
industry must split up, that men will
return to a more rural life, breaking
up the big cities. And his educational
principles are fitted to the rural life
that was America a generation or two
ago. But, like the air-conditioned
log cabins, they also embrace the best
which modern educational theories
have to offer.
As Mr. Ford has said, "Our schools
here, some people say, are not city
schools. I don't want them to be city
schools, for I hope to teach our boys
and girls to live in the America of
tomorrow, 'which I think is going to
be more rural than it has been for
the past generation. There was a
flow to the cities, and men learned
a good deal about living together in
cities-sanitation, order and the like
1936 was conducted by the govern-
ment then in power, a rightist coali-
tion." The chance of fraud on the
part of the leftists was slight in-
deed. If the Church does not
recognize the Loyalist Government as
legitimate, everyone else, with the
exception of Hitler and Mussolini,
does. If civil war is to be recognized
as a more certain indication of the
sentiment of a nation, what is to be-
come of democracy? And finally,
what right, as Professor Shotwell has
asked, have the Moors, Italians and
Germans to cast their blood-stained
ballots in the vote that wiped out
Basque liberties?
3. We are not aware that we made
any editorial comment, favorable or
otherwise, on the Russian Revolution;
if we did, the first thing we should
point out is that the Tsar's govern-
ment was not democratically estab-
lished, as the government of Spain
was.
4. We do not deny that the Loyalist
government is predominantly left-
wing. As for its being anti-Christian,
we refer once more to the guarantee
of tolerance.
5. We are not convinced that priests
have to say mass in secret in Barce-
lona. -We have seen this asserted, and
also denied (in the New York Times,
by Lawrence Fernsworth, a Catholic
writer).
6. We are not concerned with the
status of Father O'Flanagan as a
Catholic priest. We admire him as a
man.
7. We are not anti-Catholic-and
we vigorously oppose the anti-Catholic
movement in America.
We sincerely respect and admire
the Vatican on its recent declaration
concerning the new Italian "Aryan-
ism" of Mussolini, as well asthose
Catholics who have fought against
Hitler in Germany. We sincerely re-
gret that our editorial offended a
reader.
-J.G.
Two Engineering
Professors Return
Two professors in the College of
Engineering have recently returned
to Ann Arbor after a three-weeks
TUESDAY, AUG. 2, 1938
VOL. XLVIII. No. 31l
Chamber Music Concert: The
Chamber Music Class of the Univer-
sity School of Music will present a
program of contemporary chamberi
music, under the direction of Hanns
Pick, in Hill Auditorium, Tuesday
evening, Aug. 2, at 8:15 o'clock. The
general public is cordially invited to
attend without admission charge.
"Man Transforms Siberia"-Lecture
by Prof. George B. Cressey of Syra-
cuse University in the Lecture Hall
-but now the flow is away from
them."
Chief among the Ford principles is
an emphasis on education for living.
Mr. Ford believes that an educated
man is one who not only knows a
lot, but knows how to do a lot of
things. That is the type of educated
men and women he is attempting to
turn out from the Greenfield Village
system. From the time they enter
kindergarten the students under the
Ford plan are constantly learning by
doing. And they must learn to do
many things before they are allowed
to specialize in any degree.
"The weakness of specializatipn is
obvious," says Mr. Ford, ".It works.
well only when the world is just so.
Our task is to equip boys and girls
to do many things, to live under a
variety of conditions, under rapidly
changing conditions, and to be quick
to make adjustments to new condi-
tions."
In a word, the, Ford schools areI
"non-failure" schools. Not only arel
there no failures in school, but, chil-
dren trained under this system are
less likely to fail in life. Curricula,
are not so stiff but that there is a
place for ,every student. These chil-
dren are left to propose and plan
much of the work they do.
If there is a weak point in the
structure, it is that the outlook is too
utilitarian in regard to culture-lit-
erature, art, music, religion are
studied because of some further goal
to which they lead and not for them-
selves alone. Out of the Greenfield
Village schools may come groat in-
ventors, great industrial leaders, great
statesmen and educators even, but not
one poet, artist, composer or saint,
not even, perhaps, a sinner.
Mr. Simonds' book, which is pro-
fusely illustrated with some fine pho-
tographs of Village scenes, also de-
scribes the Edison Institute Museum,
the Village as an early American
memento, the relation of Ford indus-
try to agriculture, and the "little fac-
tory" system by which Mr. Ford hopes
to decentralize industry.
+ BOOKS +
I I'1
of the Rackham Building at 4:30
p.m. today.
Summer School Chorus: A recrea-
tional hour open to all summer school
students without fee, 7 to 8 p.m. Mor-
ris Hall (broadcasting station), State
Street, every Tuesday night.
The Cabaret Supper Dance, Tues-
day, Aug. 2, from 6:30 to 9:30. There
will be dinner, dancing, and a floor
show. Tickets are limited to 300. Get
your tickets from members of the
Women's Education Club.
Commercial Education Students:
Inspection tour of the University Hos-
pital offices and a watermelon party
afterwards on the Island, Tuesday,
Aug. 2, 7 p.m. Meet on the second
floor of the University Hospital. Tick-
ets may be obtained at University
High School office and from com-
mittee members in commercial edu-
cation classes, pric-^ 10 cents.
Prof. S. A. Courtis will speak this
(Continued on Page 4) .
DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN
Publication in the Bulletin is constructive notice to all members
of the University. Copy received at the office of the Summer Session
until 3:30; 11:00 a.m. on Saturday.
D
STUDENTS. TEACHERS. Pro-
mote world friendship. Students
in many countries wish to corro -
pond. Nominal charge, 10 cents
each address. Ages 12-28. Call 2-
3868 for listings. World Friend-
ship Society, Ann Arbour Bureau.
827 Sylvan Av. 9-12 a.m. and 7-9
p.m.
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no markings. All work guaranteed.
Phone 5594, 607 E. Hoover.
3x
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Phone 4726. 34x
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rates. Phone 8344. L. M. Heywood
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TYPING - Neatly and accurately
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Reasonable rates. 706 Oakland,
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TYPING-Marian Peebler,
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513 S.
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The MARK!
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