The Weather
Generally fair; possibly showers
In extreme north, warmer.
L r.
3Jfrcciteau esiat
official Publication Of The Summer, Session
Editorial
The Anti-Labor
Industrial School .
VOL. XLVIII. No. 31
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN TUESDAY, AUG. 2, 1938
PRICE lFIVECENTS
. _ _ ___
Loyalist Drive
Forces Franco
To BolsterLine
Around Teruel
World Youth Day Marked Penal System
Throughout Nation Today Compared To
f
Gen. Miaja Strategy Seen
Aimed At Surprise Of
The Insurgent Troops
Government Guns
Trained On Teruel
HENDAYE, France (At the Span-
ish Frontier), Aug. 1.-(P)-Gen. Jose
Miaja's central Spanish Government
army stormed and captured the stra-
tegic "Bluff of Camarena" 13 miles
south of Teruel today, forcing Insur-
gent Generalissimo Francisco Franco
to hurry troops from other fronts to
defend his Teruel lines.
Dispatches from both sides agreed
that Miaja's moves were designed to
capture the Insurgents off-guard at
- the moment they were' using every
available man to protect Gandesa, 100
miles northeast of Teruel, against
Government offensives from Cata-
lonia,
In constant touch with his field
commanders near Gandesa on the
Ebro River front, Gen. Miaja or-
dered a sudden attack from the south
which resulted in capture of the high
promontory at Camerna dominating
a, dozen villages and hamlets, includ-
ing Valdecloche, Cascabte, and Cubla,
all a few miles to the north..
The advance brought Government
guns within 10 miles of Teruel, capi-
tal of the province of Teruel, which
the Government seized and lost less
than six months ago.
The success of this surprise attack
forced Insurgent field commanders in
the Teruel area to demand reinforce-
ments to protect not only Insurgent
positions along the Teruel-Sagunto
highway to the coast, but the city of
Teruel itself. Camarena is six miles
southwet-otJgaigway-
There was intinse activity behind
both fronts durling the last 48 hours.
The Government was transferring
men and material across the Ebro
into the newly-conquered zone be-
fore Gandesa-
General Franco was trying to de-
fend both the Teruel and Ebro sec-
tors, at the same time pushing his
own counter-attacks in the northern
and southern Ebro zones.
Despite heavy attacks by the Insur-
gents on both flanks, the Government
line about .the Ebro region was
changed little. The Insurgents, with
superior aviation and artillery, made
some progress in daylight hours, but
the Government, relying on night at-
tacks and day defense, succeeded in
holding its lines.
Recital Offers
Vared MUSIC
Chamber Musicians Play
At 8:30 P.M. Today1
Featuring the music of contempor-
ary American and European compos-'
ers for various combinations of solo
and ensemble instruments, the Cham-
ber Music Class of the School of Mu-
sic will presentia program at 8:30
p.m. today n'Hill Auditorium'
French, Russian, German and
American composers have been drawn
upon for this recital. Fifteen mem-
bers of the class will participate under
the direction of Prof. Ianns Pick.
John Alden Carpenter represents the
American composers; while Russia is
presented in the works of the bril-
liant young composer Shostakowicz,
and the elder artist, Gliere. From
the French composers Professor Pick
has selected a composition for two
pianos by Germaine Tailleferre, and
selections from the Teutonic com-
posers, Reger, Tansmann and Schoen-
berg, although the latter is now a
resident of the United States. r
The program for the evening fol-
lows: "Second Movement from ther
Quintet for Piano and Strings," byt
Carpenter; "Serenade for Flute,t
Violin, and Viola," by Reger; "Cazonet
and Scherzo from the Trio for Piano,
Violin and Violincello," by Tansmann;
"Verklarte Nachte," sextet for strings,
by Schoenberg; "Jeux de Plein Air,"
selection for two pianos, by Taille-
ferre; and two octets for -strings,
"Prelude," and "Allegro Finale," by
Shnatomnwez and Mere resnectivel
Book Of World Fellowship To Be Signed By Students;
Contributions Asked To Defray Expenses
Of Second World Youth Congress
By BEN M. MARINO
World Youth Day will be marked today by students and young people's
groups all over the country, and another step will be taken in the drive to
finance the Second World Youth Congress at Vassar College, Poughkeepsie,
New York.t
A table will be stationed in the center of the Campus directly in front of the
General Library where students will be urged to stop on their way to classes
to register their names in the Book of0
World Fellowship. Ten cents will be
solicited from those students to assist
in defraying the expenses of the great
congress at Vassar which will bring to-
gether over 500 youths from 52 nations
of the world representing their politi-
cal, social and ° economic national
ideas.
The discussion aims of the Con-
gress are to gain through mutual ex-
change of ideas, a clearer conception
of the political and economic organiz-
ation for peace, the economic and
cultural status of youth and its rela-;
tion to peace, and the ethical and
philosophical bases of peace. The
Congress will Olan methods of cdl-
laboration in an attempt to enable
young people to fulfill their responsi-
bility in contributing to world peace.
Prof. Preston W. Slosson of the his-
tory department said in regards to the
Congress yesterday:
'Youth Movements Important'
"Youth movements have been of
great importance in history. One
thinks of Disraeli and "Young Eng-
land," Mazzini and "Young Italy", the,
"Young Turks" who regenerated the
Ottoman Empire, the German ronman-
ticistswho gathered around Heine
and the French romanticists who ap-
plauded the first plays of Victor Hugo.
"Unfortunately the generous ener-
gies of youth, nearly always vital and
sincere, are just as capable of being
turned 'into a reactiopary as a pro-
gressive channel. Fascism is a youth
movement; so is National Socialism;
in Germany. It is very important that
if there should be -a youth movement
in the United States that it be focused
in a useful direction.
No One Direction
"At present there are many youth
movements in this country, as in
Britain and France, but they point
in no one quarter of the compass.
They are all over the map. The chief
characteristics of our youth is be-
wilderment which, all over the world
now, is also the chief characteristic, of
their elders. If the forthcoming Con-
gress can find a common aim for the
energies of youth, and if that aim
should be based on liberal instead of
illiberal principles, it will perform a
greater service than could any Con-I
gress of elders, including even the7
Congress of the United States."
Such internationally known indi-
viduals as Lord Cecil and His Grace
the Archbishop of York of England;
Dr. Miron Cristea, President of the
Council of Ministers of Roumania; M.
Edward Herriott, President, Chamber
of Deputies, France; Mr. Wellington
Koo, Chinese Ambassador to France;
Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd, Prof.
James T. Shotwell of Columbia Uni-
versity; John L. Lewis, President of
the Committee for Industrial Organi-
zation, of the United States, and
many others are listed as sponsors.;
Film On China
Will Be Shown.
By Student Club
'Thunder Over China' I
Back By Demand; Panay
Pictures To Be Available
"Thunder Over China," a motion
picture record of the Sino-Japanese
conflict which has been previously
presented here, has been brought
back by the Chinese Students' Club in
response to popular demand, and
will be presented in connection with
new material at 8 p. m. Wednesday
in the Natural Science Auditorium.,
it was announced yesterday.
The picture attempts to answer the
question of how the Chinese, with
their particular cultural background,
have managed for so long to resist
the invasion of the Japanese armies.
"From World War to World Com-
munity" is the theme of the addition-
al material. The picture has a com-
plete sound accompaniment.
Eye-witnesses, working under the
most difficult and dangerous condi-
tions, obtained the photographs
which make up the additional mater-
ial. This material emphasizes the con-
trast between the Chinese and Jap-
anese traditions.
Dr. Francis Onderdonk, who coop-
erated with the Chinese Students'
Club in bringing the pictures here,
will present pictures of the bombing
of the U. S. S. Panay if the audience
requests it.
Tickets for the performance may
be obtained at Wahr's bookstore or
at the door for 20 cents. Proceeds
from the performance will go to help
Chinese civilian relief.
Linguists To Study
Chinese This Week
The Dravidian and Chinese lan-
guages will draw the attention of
members of the Linguistic Institute
this week. At the luncheon con-
ference at 12:10 p.m. today at the
Michigan Union Dr. Murray B.
Emeneau of the Institute faculty will
discuss problems in Dravidian pho-
netics and phonemics. He will also
be the speaker at the Thursday lun-
cheon conference, when he will dis-
cuss "Parts of Speech and Types of
Predication in Dravidian."
Guest speaker for the week is Dr.
Pang-Kuei Li, visiting professor of
Chinese linguistics at Yale Univer-
sity, who will speak in the Rackham
amphitheatre at 7:30 p.m..
Educational
Gerald Bush Says System
Is Based On Individual
Tests At Incarceration
Case History Dictates
Parole Action Taken
By HARRY L. SONNEBORN
A program of education adapted
completely to the individual, rather
than, a general program individual-
ized in a few cases, is but one of the
aspects of the penal system that is
superiov,4o teducational practice, Ger-
ald Bush of the State Parole Board
said yesterday in his lecture, "Appli-
cation of Educational Techniques to
Penology and Parole Problems," given
in the University High School audi-
torium.
This program, according to Mr.
Bush, is based on a complete and
exhaustive survey of the individual
made from the time he is first incar-
cerated, by sociologists, psychologists,
and doctors. Their studies are incor-
porated in a case history of the indi-
vidual that treats his home environ-
ment, schooling, working experience,
physical and mental condition, and
general aptitudes and capacities, Mr.
Bush said. This case history is
studied carefully before action is
taken in any case, regarding paroles,
transfers to other institutions, or
probatinary periods.
"Parole is not synonymous with
clemency, mercy, shortening of the
term, or any manner of release," Mr.
Bush pointed out. "Most attacks on
the parole system are coupled with
the suggestion that the prisoner be
kept in the institution. There is only
one alternative for parole, and that
is free and complete discharge."
He explained that the maximum
term of imprisonment is fixed by
statute, and the minimum is at the
discretion of the sentencing judge.
No prisoner is eligible for parole until
ais minimum sentence,;d*ft
good behavior time off, is served, at
which point he is automatically eli-
gible, Bush said. Of course; he ex-
plained, only a few of those who are
eligible for parole have it granted to
them. After a study of the case his-
tory, the parole board decides wheth-
er the prisoner shall be released on
parole or sent back for a period of
six months or more.
Bush said that during the parole
period the prisoner was checked care-
fully and often by a trained corps of
parole officers to whom he had to
report at predetermined intervals.
This factor, he explained, often
makes early parole preferable to
confinement. He gave as an example
the case of a Detroit sex criminal
who, when. released on parole, could
be observed in normal surroundings
and under restrictions, while if he
had been kept confined until he had
served his maximum sentence, would
have spent the time in abnormal liv-
ing conditions and would have been
completely free to do as he pleased
(Continued on Page 4)
Supper Dance
Main Feature
Is Floor Show
With a floor show as one of its fea-
ture attractions, an all campus cabar-
et supper-dance will be held from 6-
9:30 p.m. today in the League ball-
room.
A few tickets for the affair, which
is under the sponsorship of the Wom-
en's Education Club, may still be pur-
chased at the League desk, it was an-
nounced today by Mary-Eliza Shan-
non, the general chairman.
Part of the entertainment will be
furnished by the Curriculum Work-
shop group, who will enact Dr. W. C.
Trow's play, "A Jury Panel to End
All Jury Panels."
An exhibition of square dancing
will be given by a group of eight stu-
dents, members of Ivan Parker's Mon-
day night country dancing classes.
Several specialty numbers will be fur-
nished by members of Charles
Zwick's orchestra in addition to music
for dancing.
Members of the publicity commit-
tee, which is headed by Virginia
Johnston are Erma Fust, Ruth Sher-
wood and Emma Musson. The pro-
gram chairman is Louise Paine, and
UAW Officers
File Answers
To Accusation
Say New Trial Procedure,
Evidence By Affidavits
Balks Fair Judication
Refute Conspiracy
Charge By Martin
DETROIT, Aug. 1.-('P)-Four sus-
pended vice-presidents of the United
Automobile Workers filed their for-
mal answer to charges preferred
against them by President Homer
Martin, denying all allegations and
hurling some charges of their own.
Protesting the new trial procedure,
under which evidence by affidavit
will supplant oral testimony, the de-
fendants' reply said that "it denies
the defendants any trial at all and
permits a verdict of guilty, a la Hit-
ler, by a majority of the 'trial com-
mittee."
Denying that the defendants were
engaged in a conspiracy, as charged
by Martin, the reply said that the
only conspiracy involved was between
"Martin and an irresponsible, dis-
ruptive, political adventurer and in-
ter-meddler of New York." It said
that Martin had appointed allies of
the unnamed "adventurer" to posi-
tions of influence.
The suspended officers previously
had charged that Martin was under
the influence of Jay Lovestone, who
broke away from the Communist
Party some years ago and now heads
the independent labor league.
Under the revised procedure, all
affidavit evidence must be submitted
by Wednesday for introduction when
the trial resumes Saturday. The de-
fendants are Richard T. Franken-
steen, Walter N. Wells, Wyndham
Mortimer and Ed Hall.
UAW officers here expressed no
concern over an injunction hearing,
scheduled for Wednesday in New
York Supreme Court, in which six
-sapended-~ officers of the Tarrytown
(N.Y.) local seek to restrain Martin
from interfering with affairs of the
local. The Tarrytown local was one
of three for which Martin appointed
administrators recently after sus-
pending the local officers. UAW of-
ficers here said it was the first court
suit, so far as they knew, of the
currenlt factional dispute.
Martin Given Summons
NEW YORK, Aug. 1.-(P-Na-
tional officers of the United Auto-
mobile Workers of America (CIO)
have been summoned to Supreme
Court Wednesday to show cause why
the international union should not
be restrained from expelling officers
of Local 118 in Tarrytown, N.Y., and
otherwise interfering with its affairs.
The order to appear-which in-
cluded Homer Martin, national presi-
dent-was signed by Justice Edward
J. McGoldrick on a petition for a
permanent injunction filed on behalf
of six officers of the local who said
the case presented the first legal test
of the union's constitution and Mar-
tin's authority to usurp powers of
the locals.
In an affidavit accompanying the
petition, Martin was accused of
violating the union's constitution and
suppressing free speech and expres-
sion over union affairs. ,
Biology Camp
Visito~rs' Day
To, BeSunda y
The 11th annual visitors' day at
the University Biological Station at
Douglas Lake near Cheboygan will
be held from 2 to 5 p.m. Sunday.
Educational exhibits illustating
the work of the classes and scientific
investigations will be on display.
Members of the faculty will be glad
to discuss rare plants and animals
and biological problems with visitors.
The Biological Station is located
on the southeast shore of Douglas
Lake, Cheboygan County, on the Che-
boygan-Petoskey road 13 miles south-
west of Cheboygan. The roads from
Cheboygan, Topinabee, Butus and
Pellston will be posted with signs di-
recting visitors to the station. Ample
room has been provided for parking
cars. There is no charge for admis-
sion to the grounds and to all places
of interest.
The Biological Station was estab-
lished in 1909 and has held an eight
week's session every summer since
that time. Its founders had two prin-
ciple objectives, namely, to investigate
biological problems and to bring stu-
dents and teachers into direct con-
tact with living animals and plants
m their natural surroundings. These
still remain the chief objectives of the
station, and northern Michigan has
proved well suited for this work.
Many lakes ofralL sizes, marshes, bogs,
brooks and rivers as well as large
tracts of unoccupied. wild lands in-
cluding pine and jackpine 'lains,
hardwood forests, fir, spruce and
cedar swamps, sand dunes along the
shores of the great lakes, and farm
lands furnish an extraordinary va-
riety of conditions for the study of
animals and plants.
This summer 120 students are ene-
(Contined on Page 4)
Last Excursion
I Tomorrow
Put-In-Bay Is Objective Of
10th Touring Party
Concluding the 1938 series of
University Excursions, the party will
adjourn to Put-In-Bay, Lake Erie,
at 7:15 a.m. tomorrow. The 10th in
the list of tours taken this summer
by University students, it will start by
special bus to 'Detroit from in front
of Angell Hall and arrive in Detroit
in time to leave by steamer for the
bay at 9 a.m.
The excursion party will return to
Ann Arbor at 8 p.m. after having
spent the day inspecting the geologi-
cal features of the Put-In-Bay region
under 'the direction of Prof. Irving
D. Scott of the geology department.
Put-In-Bay is one of a group of
islands 60 miles southeast of Detroit.
Japs Hurl Entire Division
Against Russian Troops
Over Siberian Border
Attempt To Capture
Possiet Bay 'orts
MOSCOW, Aug. 1-(P)-Details of
a sanguinary battle for possession of
Changkufeng, on the Siberian-Man-
choukuo-Korean border, in which'
Japa'nese hurled a whole division
against Soviet Russian forces were
were disclosed~ in an pfficial cor-
munique tonight.
Japanese losses were given as uip-
wards of 400 killed and wounded in
the bitterly fought attempt of Jap-
anese to capture the strategic heights
of the Possiet Bay region which Rus-
sian forces began fortifying July 11.
Tanks, airplanes an6 artillery wee
brought into the battle for the dis-
pute territory.
One Soviet scouting plane was
brought down, and the announce-
ment said it was believed the pilot
was captured after he took to his
parachute.
The gravity of the situation was
seen in instructions to the Soviet
charge d'affaires iii Tokyo to warn
the Japanese government of "possible
sterrible consequences" of this inva-
sion of Russian territory.
The battle i ranks as the biggest
clash on the Soviet-Manchoukuo
frontier since- the beginning in 1931
of the long series of boundary inci-
dents, numbering hundreds.
Foreign military observers here who
previously were inclined to view the
situation as only another of these
incidents were beginning to take a
graver view of the encounter.
Thirteen Rtissian soldiers were re-
ported killed and 55 wounded.
The Russians captured five artil-
lery pieces and 14 ipachine guns, and
lost a tank and a field piece them-
selves.
The official account of the battle
said Japanese concentrated one divi-
sion against Zaozernaya (Changfu-
feng) after they were repulsed in an
attack on a nearby hill last Friday
and on Sunday opened the battle un-
expectedly with an artillery barrage'
They were driven back.
Soviet troops did not cross the
Manchoukuo border, it was explained,
and so were unable to encircle the
Japanese or make a flank attack up-
on them.
Prior to the official announcement
little mention was made here of tho
trouble with Japan as mass meet-
ings of Soviet workers celebrated ntl-
war day and pledged resistande to
mny invader.
Dialect .Survey.
Aims To Save
Colloquialisms
Dr, Marckwardt TQ Direct
Task Of Gathering Old
Phrases Of Community
400 Japs Reported
Slain After Clash
With Soviet Force
Ir
t
Prof. Cressey Tells Of Travels
Over 16,000 Miles Of Siberia
Mr. Kane
Says
A Few Words
By ALAN WILSON
Siberia, "most bewildering land in
the world," was the subject yesterday
of the first of four talks being given
in the Rackham Building in conjunc-
tion with the Institute of Far Eastern
Studies by Prof. George Babcock
Cressey, chairman of the Department
of Geology and Geography at Syra-
cuse Uni ersity.
Although none of us have much
actual knowledge of the Soviet, said
Professor Cressey, ;he hoped after
having traveled over 16,000 miles last
summer by land, sea, and air, mainly
in Siberia, to be able to give each
member of his audience sufficient ma-
terial to bring his "prejudices on
the subject up to date." While on
the one hand there is probably no-
where else a land so difficult, ex-
asperating and bureaucratic, he said,
neither is there anywhere such a
striking, thrilling, pioneer land as
Siberia.
One of his pet peeves, said Profes-
sor Cressey, is the purely arbitrary
istics of Siberia, Professor Cressey il-
lustrated his talk with two stand-
maps. First he showed the gigantic
West Siberian Plain, or Marine Plain,
which is drained by the waters of the
Ob, one of Siberia's three great south-
to-north rivers. The plain was form-
erly the bottom of a southern arm of
the Arctic Ocean,, extending as far
south as Lake Aral and possibly to
the Caspian Sea, in an age when the
temperature was much higher in-the
northern hemisphere. To the west
of the plain lies the chain of the
Ural Mountains, which are really not
mountains but merely the roots, the
stocks of an ancient and much might-
ier range. It is this fact that makes
the region one of great mineralogical
variety and valae.
To the east of the Marine Plain lies
the Angara Shield in the watersheds
of the Yenisei and Lena Rivers, a
huge pre-cambrian area of lava beds
north of Lake Baikal interspersed
with paleozoic coal beds, some of
the largest reserves in the world.
Pointing to varinosneatly colored re-
About 'The Whiteheaded Boy'
By CARL PETERSEN
"I'm exhausted, absolutely exhaust- °
ed," said Whitford Kane last night,
"and I haven't got a thing to say," Y
and he went on to say plenty about
the cast of the current Repertory
Players production, Lennox Robin-
son's "The Whiteheaded Boy," which
opens tomorrow for a four day run
at the Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre.un
Mr. Kane, director-star of the Irish .
comedy, throwing stage directions a-
round by the million, managed to
make clear that the important thing
about the action in the present pro- x
duction was that he was going toy
make it stand the embryo actors ofY
the Repertory company in good stead
when they hit the big time.
"The important thing to remembert
at a time like this," Mr. Kane said,
"is that we are here to develop actors.
We do not run through rehearsals
merely in the light of this week's
In order to preserve for the histori-
an, the sociologist, the linguist, and
the literary artist the hundreds of
homely words of farm and community
life that are disappearing with the
introduction of modern machinery
and changed ways of living, the first
steps in a preliminary dialect survey
of Michigan and Indiana will be tak-
en this summer, it was explained to-
day by Dr. Albert H. Marckwardt,
assistant professor of English in the
University, and director of the sur-
vey.
Just as the actual tools and home-
made goods and utensils of Michigan
pioneers have been preserved at the
famous Greenfield Village, so a sur-
vey like this will preserve for future
generations the terms and ways of
speech that otherwise so quickly dis-
appear.'
This preliminary survey, Professor
Marckwardt said, is' an independent
project of the University and in it-
self, is expected to provide valuable
information. Funds for it have been
supplied by the Rackham Foundation.
Its results, however, are hoped also
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