PAGE TWO
THE' MlCHIGAN DAILY
SAIT11DA Y, APRIL ?8, 1,945
'PM*R TWO SATURDAY, APRIL 28, 1045
FiftyFifth Year
WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
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Edited and managed by students of the University of
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By DREW PEARSON
SAN FRANCISCO-Despite jam-packed hotels,
Roosevelt was wise when he picked this
city as the meeting place for the United Na-
tions conference, for San Francisco is the
symbol of the courage of the American people.
Gutted by one of the worst fires in history,
hopeless San Francisco bounced back to become
one of our great American cities and host to
a conference which seeks to restore hope to a
hopeless world-the world today, gutted and
wartorn, is no worse off than San Francisco
after the earthquake of 1906. Yet it came back
-Europe and Asia, if they take a lesson from
the city of the Golden Gate, can do the same-
there is a zippy atmosphere here which inspires
diplomatic energy. None of the stodgy defeat-
ism of Geneva, Versailles or Paris. Even Wash-
ington is getting too blase, too Old Worldish
for a successful international conference.
Delegates take on the spirit of the city
which surrounds them, The pressure of news-
papers, the radio, the local welcoming com-
mittees, even the taxi drivers and hotel people
can help to spur success. When delegates
know that an eager, anxious city plus an
eager, anxious nation is watching them, de-
pending on them, they think twice before
going home empty-handed.
Latin-Americans have a word for it-"am-
biente" or atmosphere-that is why the Russian
delegation is making things tough.
Language is one barrier between the Russians
and the contagious atmosphere of San Fran-
cisco. Another barrier is the way the Rus-
sians remain isolated. They won't expose them-
selves to contagion. They are shutting up in
hotel suites unexposed to the hustling, con-
tagious, atmosphere of this town which raised
itself from ashes.
The British got off to the best conference
start-with the help of the dominions. Elder
statesman Jan Smuts of South Africa, who
has seen more conferences come and go than
any man since Aristide Briand, had written
a preamble to the United Nations constitu-
tion which may go down in history alongside
Thomas Jefferson's Declaration of Indepen-
dence-the British dominions, incidentally,
have breathed a lot of semi-independence at
San Francisco. Some make no effort to conceal
that their future is bound up just as mui
with the U. S. A, as with Britain. Recorhs
show that in other conferences they have vis-
ited about as much with this country as with
London.
State Department Trips .,.
TYPICAL of State Department bell-muffling
was its failure to get Australian External
Minister Herbert Evatt in to see President Tru-
man before he left Washington. They told
Evatt, one of the best friends this country has
in the South Pacific, that Truman was too
busy to bother about Australia. (among other
things he had conferences scheduled with Con-
gressman Ed Johnson .of Oklahoma). Finally
Senator Hatch of New Mexico heard what had
happened, telephoned the White House direct
and President Truman was delighted to see the
Australian External Minister. "When the fas-
cists come out of their foxholes," says Aussie
statesman Evatt, "Japan may geti strong again.
That is why we must have regional agreements
in the Pacific as protection against 'aggression."
Australia, adds Evatt, is dead against the right
of a big nation to veto the attempts by regional
groups to prevent war in their region. Most
people don't realize it, but under Dumbarton
Oaks, England's one vote veto power could
stop the Pan-American Union from taking
steps to head off Argentine aggression-or, Rus-
sia veto could stop Australia, New Zealand and
the U. S. A. from heading off Jap aggression
in the Pacific. A lot of powers would like to
change this at San Francisco. This is what
many U. S. delegates don't like.
British labor leader Clement Atlee takes a
constitutional in the evening up and down
San Francisco's steep hills. Despite his 61
years, he takes the hills as fast as he does
his press conferences, where he answers ques-
tions fairly well. Even Indian propagandist
J. J. Singh was admitted to the British press
conference and tired critical questions. Brit-
ish labor leader Atlee contrasts with Secre-
tary of State Stettinius who dodged questions,
said almost nothing. Stettinius flashed a
ON SECOND
H OBUGHT...
By Ray Dixon
Dedication
THE ADDRESS made on the occasion of the
dedication of the Fifth Marine Division
cemetery on Iwo Jima by the division's Jewish
Chaplain, Roland B. Gittelsohn, is reminiscent
of the dedication of another cemetery in an-
other war. The address, reported last week in
The Living Church, is well worth reprinting.
"Somewhere in this plot of ground there
may lie the man who could have discovered
the cure for cancer. Under one of these
Christian crosses, or beneath a Jewish Star
of David, there may rest now a man who was
destined to be a great prophet . Now
they lie here silently in this sacred soil, and
we gather to consecrate this earth to their
memory.
"Here lie officers and men, Negroes and whites,
rich men and poor . . . Here are Protestants,
Catholics and Jews . . . Here no man prefers
another because of his faith or despises him
because of his color. Here there are no quotas
of how many from each group are admitted or
allowed. Theirs is the highest and purest dem-
ocracy.
"Any man among us the living who . . .
lifts his hand in hate against a brother, or
thinks himself superior to those who happen
to be in the minority, makes of this cere-
mony and of the bloody sacrifice it commemo-
rates, an empty, hollow mockery .. "
As long ago as the Civil War Abraham Lincoln
had the same idea. he said it this way at
Gettysburg: .
"Four score and seven years ago our fathers
brought forth on this continent a new nation
conceived in liberty and dedicated to the propo-
sition that all men are created equal."
Those Marines on Iwo Jima of every race,
color and creed have realized the American ideal
of equality . . . the tragedy is that they
achieved equality only in death.
Unless discrimination is wiped out we will be
haunted by those words, for we will have
made of that ceremony and the bloody sacri-
fice it commemorated, an empty, hollow mock-
ery.
-Betty Roth
gorgeous smile, knew each newsman by his
name. But otherwise apparently did not be-
lieve in open covenants openly arrived at.
When Stettinius arrived at the Washington
airport, the Navy band played "lights out."
Senator McCarran's Juiket...
NEVADA'S rotund Senator Pat McCarran has
got himself another free trip to the West
Coast. to say nothing of his home town-Reno.
He is Senate observer to the San Francisco
conference. Pat worked it through his pal Sen-
ator Kenneth McKellar of Tennessee, head of
the Senate appropriations committee, otherwise
known for having called this columnist more dif-
ferent kinds of liar than anyone else in Con-
gress (revolving liar, egregious liar, liar from
every viewpoint are a few samples of his or-
chids). Finally McKellar called Ed Stettinius
and asked that Senator McCarran be sent
out to San Fran as an observer for the Senate
appropriations committee. Since Stettinius needs
appropriations next year he obliged. McKellar
was glad to scratch McCarran's back, because
McCarran had recently scratched his. McCarran
recommended passage of the Senate resolution
investigating Silliman Evans and the Nashville
Tennesseean, which has been too, too critical
of Senator McKellar to please him over-much.
(Coiyright, 1945, by the Bell Syndicate. Inc)
I'D RATHER BE RIGHT:
'War' on Fascism
By SAMUEL GRAFTON
W'HEN a fascist country "declares war" on fas-
cism, you are bound to get some peculiar re-
sults, and these are now showing up in Argen-
tina. The Buenos Aires police issued an order,
on April 24, forbidding the public to attempt to
celebrate the fall of Berlin. The people are in-
structed, not even to venture on the streets; it
is to be like a day of mourning. And this is very
odd, because Argentina is at war with Germany.
The government of Argentina is composed of
warriors who fear the emotions which might be
unleashed among their people by the fall of
Berlin; they are afraid they themselves might
be overthrown. And so the fascist government
of Colonel Peron morosely conducts its curious
war against fascism; a war without glee and
without celebrations; a war to the, ahem,
death; but none of this vulgar cheering, please.
The people of Buenos Aires were especially for-
bidden to congregate before the George Wash-
ington Monument. I don't know just what it
means; I throw it in because it pleases me;
it has a cockeyed quality which in itself is a
comment on our State Department's haste in
welcoming Argentina into the family of na-
tions.
On the day before this curious police order,
Colonel Peron, the Boss. announced that he did
not intend to have himself made President.
That was reassuring, except for the fact that
he issued the statement at two o'clock in the
morning When a man does that, it is a sign
that he has not been sleeping. One can see the
Boss going back to bed after issuing that hand-
out, muttering: "Now maybe I'll get some shut-
eye." It takes it out of a fascist to have to
ride on the coat-tails of a democratic war; to
have to summon the people to follow after
him, but to fear that they might come too close;
to be terrified of his allies, and embarrassed
before his enemy.
That was the day on which the Argentine
government arrested General Arturo Rawson.
General Rawson is, politically, somewhere to
the right of Nicholas Murray Butler; but,
obviously, a government which is afraid of
George Washington's statue would fear such
a man, too. Having arrested him, and 400
others, the government clamped a censorship
on the news, both for home and export. In
American terms, it is almost as scandalous
as if former president Herbert Hoover had been
illegally picked up by the F.B.I. and jailed,
with the public kept in ignorance that this
had been done. This is the government which,
it is proposed, we shall invite to San Fran-
cisco,.though how a set of officials who are
twitching so nervously can lead us to a brave
new world is not clear.
One of my correspondents, an importer, offers
a suggestion by which we might further expose
the shabbiness of Argentina's "war effort." He
proposes that Argentina be invited to implement
its third-grade "declaration of War" by under-
taking to feed the hungry people of Europe..
.He points out that Argentina is a country
of food surpluses; and it has shipping. Let it
set up its own lend-lease plan for the hungry
fighters for freedom; let it go heavily into debt
to feed Europe, as we and so many other coun-
tries have gone into debt to win this war. The
Soviet Union accused Argentina, two years ago,
of sending 1,000,000 tons of wheat and 100,000
tons of beef to Spain, one-third to be resold
to Germany. Let us see if Argentina is serious-
ly at war by inviting her to move her food
toward freedom, at her own cost.
One can see the puzzled, uphappy faces of
Argentina's leaders as they con this proposal,
which has so little to do with their own game
of saving fascism at home by appearing to
fight it abroad. Feed democrats! That's not
what Argentina is at war for. It is at war
to preserve itself as the, only fascist country
in which our soldiers can't open the jails.
(Copyright, 1945, New York Post Syndicate)
By PAULA BROWER
E VER SINCE the Industrial Revolu-
tion one of the great, practical
problems of the world has been the
ielationship between man and the
machine. It has been such a diffi-
cult problem that we usually find this
relationship expressed as an antag-
onism: "man vs. machine."
In the 1920's it looked as if ma-
terialism had triumphed in the mon-
ey-mad America that danced to jarr-
ing new jazz rhythms, played extra-
vagantly, was dominated by Things,
and bought and sold and made more
money. The wild fling ended with
the decade-in the crash the began
the great depression. A crushed na-
tion settled down, perforce, to rally
itself to life first of all, and second
to establish a man-machine relation-
ship that would not backfire. What
men had to learn was how to control
their power to get the things which
they had discovered contributed so
greatly to their happiness, so that
this very power would not destroy
them in their scramble to Eget the
limited number of these Things which
were available. What had to be es-
tablished was a concern for human-
ity that was at least as great as the
concern for Material which had dis-
torted human relationships to an
economic rivalry and a race for pow-
er.
If the war has taught us noth-
ing else it has taught us the value
of a man. This war is, more than
any war before it, a battle of ma-
chines, but it is not a battle FOR
machines. The machine is the
means, mnan the end. This repre-
sents a fearfully important reor-
ganization in human values, and
one which it is a vital necessity
to maintain. We must actively
guard against the danger of re-
turning to the old conception of
men as means to things, not things
as means to men.
Man came into his material power
suddenly, and since his discovery of
it he has developed it with terrible
speed. For years critics have been
moaning the fact that man is not
mature enough to handle the power
which he has found. Ike has let him-
self be carried away by its intoxi-
cation until the effects of bitter com-
petition have weakened and diseased
society so deeply as to leave almost
unremovable scars, but still man can
find no satisfactory, acceptable sub-
stitute for competition.
Therein lies a great challenge to
us who will have to live in the post-
war world. Are we going to keep the
emphasis on man or are we going to
worship materialism as did our par-
ents after the last war? According
to most economists extensive exploi-
tation of Things will be imperative in
order to keep demand at a high
enough peak to create sufficient em-
ployment for everyone who needs to
earn money. And yet it will be ourr
task somehow to prevent this thirst
for possessions from seizing us
again. We must maintain our highI
regard for human beings so that we3
will not find ourselves again exploit-
ing man in the interests of material-1
ism.
The dispute is already being wag-
ed briskly. Educators are taking'
sides on the issue of post-war col-
legescurricula. Are they to be con-!
cerned with science or the human-
ities? "Science departments mustl
expand immediately in order to pre-l
pare for the boom they will have
when the veterans come back,"
cries one faction, glancing wither-
ingly at anyone who dares to dis-
agree. Even in the face of thisI
unshakeable confidence, the oppo-
sition replies bravely: "Nonsense!
Veterans will be so fed up with en-
gineering and radar and chemical
warfare that there'll be a violent
reaction against technical courses.
They'll be wanting the humanities
as they've never wanted them be-
fore!" And both sides prove their{
points with statements from ser-
vicemen both active and ex.
In this perennial battle I* think the
important thing is not to settle on
the more worthy of the two schools
and forthwith place all the empha-1
sis dominantly on the correspond-
ing phase of learning, but to achieve
a balance between the two. ThisI
seems to be the only answer to the
immortal science vs. the arts fight.
If man is ever to be the real
master of the machine we cannot
afford to let generations grow up
to active citizenship with unre-
lieved engineering courses or by
substituting vocational training forI
the academic high school curricu-
lum. In laying the plans for our
future educational patterns we
MUST consider the effects which
our decisions will have upon the
attitudes of society as a whole in-
stead of dwelling. almost solely upon
the needs and inclinations of the
individual. If society is to be con-
ceived of as primarily economic be-I
cause our principle concerns are
materialistic, our technical power
will again threaten to become de-
structive both of itself and of man
its creator. Let us not forget the
values which we have learned from
the war.
TO THE EDIT OR :
America looks anxiously toward
San Francisco for a lasting and just
peace. This is to be a solid begin-
ning for an enduring peace.
Poland is not being represented at
the San Francisco Conference. Neith-
er is it being represented at the Mock
Conference this Saturday on the Ann
Arbor campus. We are told the reas-
on is that Poland has no government
to represent her. On the contrary,
Poland has a government to repre'sent
her, a government which is being sup-
ported by its home army which has
fought the Nazis for five years, a
government which is recognized by
all the United Nations except the
one which has liberated her.
On the other hand, Russia has
set up the puppet Warsaw govern-
ment and has persisted in the falla-
cious reports that this i the rep-
resentative government of Poland.
Since this Warsaw Provisional Gov-
ernment was created not by the
Polish people but by a conquering
nation, it cannot follow that the
"right of all peoples to choose the
form of government under which
they will live" (Atlantic Charter of
1941) is at all considered in the
settlement regarding the Polish
government. The puppet govern-
ment has twice been rejected by
our State Department as well as
being rejected- by Prime Minister
Churchvil.
It seems difficult to find a code of
ethics that allows any foreign power
to ,determine the type and color of
an Allied nation's government. An
enduring peace will not be attained
if tyranny in the guise of creating a
friendly sphere of influence is sup-
ported at a peace conference in-
volving the entire world.
I ~-E'lishia Wiszowaty
Edward Wilamowski
guest organist in Hill Auditorium,
Sunday afternoon, April 29, at 3:15
CWT.
A graduate of the School of Music,
Mrs. Stubbins has planned a Aro-
gram to include works by Fresco-
baldi, Bach, Liszt, Howells, and Sow-
erby. The recital is open to the gen-
eral public.
Student Recital: Betty Jean Huser,
a student in piano under Joseph
Brinkman, will present a recital in
partial fulfillment of the require-
ments for the degree, of Bachelor of
Music, at 7:30 p.m., CWT, Sunday,
April 29, Lydia Mendelssohn Theater.
Miss Huser's program will consist
of compositions by Bach, Beethoven
and Ravel. The public is cordially
invited.
Events Today
Luncheon Discussio: Lois Shar-
bach will review "Black Boy", by
Richard Wright at the Lane Hall
discussion meeting at 12. There will
be no luncheon. Any students inter-
ested will be welcomed.
Open House: Lane Hall's weekly
Open House program will again pro-
vide fun and recreation for students
at 6:30 this evening.
Post-War Council is sponsoring a
mock United Nations 'Conference to-
day at the League in Rms. A, B, and
C at 1 p.m. and 6:30 p.m. Both the
afternoon and evening programs will
'be opened by a keynote speech fol-
lowed by a student panel discussion,
The public is cordially invited to
attend.
1Michigan Chapters of Gamma Del-
ta: Lutheran Student Club, will have
a session at the Lutheran Student
Center, 1511 Washtenaw, -at 3:15 to-
day, as the opening event of a week-
end Institute. Tonight at 7 o'clock
a banquet will be held at St. Paul's
Lutheran Church, W. Liberty at
Third-
Thce Lutheran Student Association
is having a Recreation Party at the
Y. M. C. A.. this evening at 7:30.
Students and servicemen are invited,
The regular Sunday meeting of the
Lutheran Student Association will be
held in Zion Lutheran Parish Hall at
5 Sunday afternoon. Delegates of
the Ohio Valley Regional Conference
will report and the supper and fel-
lowship hour will follow at 6.
Jutnhr Girls Play: "Take It from
'There" will be presented in Lydia
Mendelssohn Theater in the League
at 7:30 CWT Saturday.
3~ ~
Coinn Events
Inter-Guild Council: All members
of the Inter-Guild Council are re-
quested to attend a meeting Sunday
afternoon in Lane Hall at 2.
Avukah, Student Zionist Organiza-
tion: There will be a general meeting
this Sunday evening, 7 p.m. at the
Hillei Foundation. A new Palestinian
4
V
41
Poland . .
r
)
DAILY OFFICIAL.. BULLETIN
k
SATURDAY, APRIL 28, 1945
VOL. LV, No. 133
Publication in the Daily Official Bul-
letin is constructive notice to all mem-
bers of the University.tNotices for the
Bulletin should be sent in typewritten
form to the Assistant to the President,
1021 Angell Hall, by 2:30 p. m. of the day
preceding publication (10:30 a. m. Sat-
urdays).
CENTRAL WAR TIME USED IN
THE DAILY OFFICIAL
BULLETIN.
Notices
Interviewing for junior positions
and for thepcentral committee of
Junior Girls project will be extended
to next week. Interviewing will be{
held from 1:30 p.m. to 4:30 Tuesday
in the Council Room. Those sopho-
mores who were unable to arrange'
for an interview this week should
sign up for one on Tuesday. The
sign-up sheet will be posted today in
the Undergraduate office in the
League.'
Senior Engineers, Business Admin-
istration and Chemistry: Mr. G. D.
Close of Goodyear Tire & Rubber
Company is interested in interview-;
ing Seniors for positions. He will be
in Rm. 218 West Engineering Build-
ing on Monday, April 30, from 9 a.m.
to 3 p.m.
Interview schedule is posted on the
Bulletin Board at Rm. 221 W. Eng.a
Bldg
C ityof Detroit Civil Service An-
nouncements for the following, have
been rivedin our office. City Plan
Effectuator, salary $4,761, Sr. Cityt
Plan Effectuator, salary $6,230, Sr.
Social Economist, salary $3,750 to!
$4,260, Prin. Social Economist, salary
$4,830 to $5,451, Sr. City Planneri
Grad&I, salary $3,933, Sr. City Plan-t
ner Grade II, salary $4,761, and Prin-.
cipal City Planner, salary $5,451.1
For further information stop in at r
201 Mason Hall, Bureau of Appoint-
ments.
State of Michigan Civil Service An-
nouncements for Telephone Operator
A2, salary $135 to $155 per month,
Cartographic Engineering Draftsman
I. $180 to $220 per month, Cartogra-
phic Engineer II, and III, $230 to
$340 per month, Statistician II, III,
and IV, $230 to $420 per month, and
Law Stenographer A, $150 to $170
per month, have been received in our
office. For further information stop
in at 201 Mason Hall. Bureau of
Appointments.
Academic NoticesI
Faculty College of Literature, Sci-
ence, and the Arts: Midsemester re-
ports are due today.
Report cards are being distributed
to all departmental offices. Green
cards are being provided for fresh-
men reports and white cards for re-
porting sophomores, juniors, and
seniors. Reports of freshmen and
sophomores should be sent to 108
Mason Hall;those of juniors and
seniors to 1220 Angell Hall.
Midsemester reports should name
those students, freshmen and upper-
classmen, whose standing at mid-
semester is D or E, not merely those
who receive D or E in so-called mid-
semester examinations.
Students electing our courses, but
registered in other schools or col-
leges of the University should be
reported to the school or college in
which they are registered.
E. A. Walter'
College of Architecture and Design,
Schools of Education, Forestry and.
Conservation, Music and Public
Health.
Midsemester reports indicating
students enrolled in these units doing
unsatisfactory work in any unit of
the University are due in the office
of the school' or college today at
noon. Report blanks for this purpose
may be secured from the office of the I
school or college.
Hopwood Contestants: Students
entering the Hopwood contests must
Ann ci imp, n-anmrri .f in fli
.;
B EFORE going to de
heard it described
prano and a flute.
opry Thursday night, we
as a race between a so-
Petain Trial
[HE CAREER of Marshal Henri Philippe Pe-
tamn, symbol of the gallantry of France in
World War I and of her degradation in 1940,
should be a valuable lesson to democratic peoples
throughout the world that unquestioned faith
in one man can spell disaster to a nation.
Hero of Verdun in the eyes of most French-
men, Petain, the debilitated, aged war-horse,
was a traitor to France in her hour of need.
'In the great crisis of 1940, instead of serving
-;s a staunch bulwark against the German
invasion, he brought France to shame, and
then left his 40 million admirers to four
... After going we decided that Alvino Rey.
.does a better job on the Anvil Chorus.. But.
of chorus we don't know much about opry... ..
So many men are being held in connection
with the looper murder that prosecutor Sigler
is going to have to start a holding company.
Judging by the nunber of winter formals
we saw at Pan-hel-Assembly Ball last night,
winter is here to sway.
Scene at a German auction: Going, Going,
Goering.
.,
",I
V
BARN AB V
ly Crockett Johnson
Copyight,.1945, The Newfpp,,r M, Inc.
Y