THE MICHIGAN DAILY
AURIL .SflA Jati 71941
MEN . ....... . . . .... . ............. . .
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
American Intervention
Would Not Achieve Peace
Edited and managed by students of the University of
Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control
of Student Publications.
Published every morning except Monday during the
University year and Summer Session.
Member of the Associated Press
The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the
use for republication of all news dispatches credited to
It or not otherwise credited in this newpaper. All
sights of republication of all other matters herein also
reserved.
Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as
second class mail matter.
Subscriptions during the regular school year by
carrier $4.00;. by mail, $4.50.
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Member, Associated Collegiate Press, 1940-41
Editorial Stafff
Hervie Haufler
Alvin Sarasohn
Paul M. Chandler
Karl Kessler
Milton Orshefsky
Howard A. Goldman
Laurence Mascott
Donald Wirtchafter
Esther Osser
Helen Corman
. . . Managing Editor
. . . Editorial Director
. . . - City Editor
Associate Editor
. . . Associate Editor
Associate Editor
* Associate Editor
Sports Editor
. . . .Women's Editor
. . Exchange Editor
Business Staff
Business Manager .
Assistant Business Manager
Women's Business Manager
Women's Advertising Manager
Irving Guttman
Robert Gilmour
Helen Bohnsack
Jane Krause
NIGHT EDITOR: CHESTER BRADLEY
The editorials published in The Michi-
gan Daily are written by members of The
Daily staff and represent the views of the
writers only.
Defense Streamlined
By Reorganization ..
M OST-WELCOMED NEWS to, come
.)out of Washington recently was the
official announcement of the reorganization of
defense machinery with the forming of a new
super board. Chief criticism of the former set-
up was the lack of a real executive authority in
th' Advisory Commission on National Defense.
The new office for Production Management with
its Director William S. Knudsen will have power
over the whole field of production, purchasing,
and priority. Mr. Knudsen now becomes a real
executive rather than just a "advisory." He has
the power to make and enforce decisions.
This step was thoroughly needed to streamline
our admittedly lagging defense program. Pro-
Juction, purchasing, and priority need to be
coordinated under the direction of one single
executive authority. One of the most pressing
problems facing Mr. Knudsen is that of priority.
What defense orders should be given priority
over others is indeed a serious question. The de-
cisions ,taken by Mr. Knudsen on this matter
may determine whether we are to be armed suf-
ficiently in the predicted short time of two years.
Another move yet to be made is the stopping of
the manufacturing of non-essentials and putting
those plants so engaged to work on defense or-
ders. President Roosevelt in his fireside chat
warned that we must do without some luxuries.
Governer Lehman of New York in a published
letter to Mr. Knudsen also asked for the ceasing
of the manufacturing of non-essentials. All
these things, however, will be decided by Mr.
Knudsen and the new four-man board. Cer-
tainly some action is necessary in regard to this
problem of non-essential manufacturing. The
new organization established by President Roose-
velt can and must deal effectively with both this
and the problem of priority.
With the formation of the new defense leader-
ship only one more thing is lacking to thoroughly
assure us of a successful rearmament program.
This is the absence of a real agency to consoli-
date the entire defense program. An agency is
needed to ascertain our defense needs, adjust the
rate of spending to the limits of industrial capac-
ity, and above all check the judgment of officials
whose experience and duties are confined to
narrow fields. An absolute necessity is a board
of both civilian and military experts to see as a
whole the problems of administration, the size
and proper balance of our defense forces, the in-
dusthal organization necessary to support them
and the technical and economic questions in-
volved. The National Economy League has al-
ready recommended such an agency. The need
is there. It is to be hoped that President Roose-
velt after already establishing a much needed
board with super authority over our defense
will see fit to set up a planning agency.
-George W. Salade
Santa Brings Experimental Pants
BROOKINGS, S.D.-(ACP)-Santa Claus not
only stuffed a pair of trousers into the stockings
of 36 State college men, but he is going to shoul-
der the cleaning and pressing bill all the while
they are worn..
Thi particular Santa, officially the college
experiment station home economics department,
is collaborating with the University of Minnesota
home economics department in a three-year pro-
._ , 7..«..., f~... . ", na~ n n
Note: At our request Mueh and Huston of the
Student Religious Association have penned this
guest editorial stating their views on the position
of the U.S. in the current war. If contrasting
opinions are forthcoming as a result, one purpose
of this editorial will have been attained. Letters
should not exceed 450 words in length and should
be signed although names will be withheld on
request. A. S.
By JOHN A. HUSTON and WILLIAM MUEHL
XrE TRIED VERY HARD with our Christmas
Carols; we wanted to believe that our plain-
tive wailing would somehow bring us closer to
the ideal of peace on earth and good will among
men. But the close of the winter holiday finds
us further than ever from the attainment of
that goal, and the beginning of a new year brings
with it the imminent prospect that our own
country will soon be involved in war. Nor can
we solace ourselves with the thought that we
have been the helpless victims of an irresistible
tide; for to give due credit to those who have
labored night anAi day to contrive our involve-
ment, the threats to or security which are
leading us to war have all been discovered ac-
cording to a carefully devised plan. It must
be obvious even to the most naive observer that
the persons who now with tearful entreaty and
now with burning incitements have been urging
all aid short of war to England have really had
no such limited assistance in mind; and the
interventionists are to be congratulated for so
skillfully advancing their basic .purpose all the
while quieting our suspicions with the dentist's
assurance, "Now this isn't going to hurt a bit."
The very progress of their efforts has finally
emboldened them to advocate open acts of war.
Perhaps we should be thankful that the issues
at last are clar. At this decisive moment,
then, it is quite appropriate that we direct to
the advocates of intervention a question which
they have long avoided: "If England wins-what
then? What is it that we're being asked to
sacrifice so much for?"
For those grown timorous with advancing
years, the prospect of a decade or more of
peace under the old order they have known
for so long perhaps sufficiently justifies any
sacrifice on the part of the nation. But
those of us whose youth promises a longer
contact with the problems of international
relations are compelled to take a longer view
and look to the days when William Allen
White will be nothing but a bitter memory.
For us the only justification for our involve-
ment in this or any other European conflict
would have to arise from the firm conviction
that a vindication once more of British su-
premacy and the British policy of dividing
Europe against itself would help in estab-
lishing a just and permanent world peace.
The underlying circumstances which under-
mine world order and threaten democracy
must be discerned and adjusted. There can
be no advantage for us in intervention if
crushing Nazism will simply clear the
ground for something worse, if aggression
is only to give way to aggression and war
to war; we will not engage in costly inter-
ventions in Europe every twenty-five years
with no more encouraging an expectation
than a generation's rest to prepare for the
next adventure.
S ENGLAND CAPABLE of aiding to establish
a just and permanent world peace? The out-
look is far from sanguine. The first prerequisite
of such a stable adjustment would be a rear-
rarigement of the world economic system by
which the raw materials of the world would be
made available to all nations on equal terms
and by which access te markets would be put
on the same basis.' Tariff barriers and all the
cunning instruments of economic nationalism
would have to be abandoned. It has long been
the boast of England that the resources of her
colonies are accessible to all peoples, but a na-
tion must sell if it is to buy; and is there any
reason to believe that the competition in the
world market of German manufactured goods
would be any more acceptable to British capital-
ism after the war than it was before the war?
If Britain appears to have been liberal with the
raw materials of her empire it is only because
she rested serene in the assurance that these
resources could not be purchased be any nation
forbidden to sell in the markets which Britain
controlled. It cannot be supposed that England
will meekly submit to sharing the commerce
and carrying trade for which she has struggled
for generations - particularly after prosecuting
a war in which that commerce is one of the very,
things she is striving to save.
And further than this, it would be ridiculous
to postulate that a victorious England would
permit the formation of any Central or Western
European economic unit large enough to threat-
en her dominance in the immediate future.
With the pious purpose of granting independence
to minorities she would soon return Europe to
the helpless anarchy of little tariff surrounded
states free to self-determine their own wrangling
and self-rule their own destitution.
Another requirement of a stable world order
would be a settlement of the colonial problem,
for we shall have no permanent peace while
great subject races simmer in discontent. Here
again there is reasonable question whether Eng-
land would sympathize with such an under-
taking. To be sure, we have heard much from
the English themselves about the changes which
the empire is undergoing - the adjustment of
differences, the amelioration of injustices - but
just what present privileges England is to con-
cede has not been outlined with crystal clarity.
Will she release her hold on India? Alas, how-
ever much England longs to be relieved of the
burdens of empire, in almost every instance
peace because the England that comes out
of the war will be the same England that
went into it - the same polite caste system, '
the same over-aged capitalism, the same t
grasping imperialism. Some persons influ-
enced more by their hopes than by their
reason have been led to suppose that Eng-
lish society is undergoing a strange meta-
morphosis - the mingling of classes in
bomb shelters and so forth. What folly!
The same fond hope filled the bosoms of t
optimists in the last war. In fact one whole
wing of the radical movement was won to t
support of the coilflict by this same theory.t
But the years of reactionary imperialism
following the armistice proved that England
had learned little from her ordeal. Is thereI
any reason to suppose that she is more
susceptible to enlightenment today? Hard-
ly. For in her moment of trial she turned ,
her guidance to Winston Churchill. And
Churchill is still the same man who has
openly expressed admiration for the anti- t
liberal stand of Hitler. He is still the same
man who violently opposed the growth of
organized labor at home and blessed the
destruction of the Spanish Republic abroad.
They can call him "good old Winnie" and t
photograph him patting the heads of the l
miners' children but he is first, last, and
always an old school imperialist fighting f
the fight of an old school empire. The most{
elementary logic should indicate that a t
society does not put up a last ditch fight
for survival only to turn the knife on itselff
in the moment of triumph. The very rea-
son the British are fighting is that they i
like what they've got and intend to main- t
tain it. And let us not so forget history as
to be deluded into thinking that after help-t
ing them to win the war we can with sweet t
persuasion beguile the British into making t
what we would consider a satisfactory peace.
Our experience teaches us that when we 1
fight for the British, we fight for the British.-
Once it has been discerned that an English
victory cannot be a first step toward a perma-
nent peace, every argument for intervention
fails. That we fear the consequences of a Ger-
man victory is not a valid excuse except, as was
said earlier, to those whose tenure of life will
expire during the brief era of peace that would
follow an Anglo-American victory. As unfor-;
tunate as it would be to have Nazism dominatei
Europe, no policy of a victorious Nazism could
harm this nation as seriously as a policy of es-
tablishing our frontiers wherever the interests
of Britain are assailed. If we are to adopt a pro-
gram of stopping aggression wherever it appears
lest it someday menace our shores, no one can
foretell where we will be fighting next. If Britain
is fighting our war in the West then surely
China-is rendering us like service in the East.
Even Haile Selassie in his own pathetic way was
waging a war for our protection when he resisted
the onslaught of Italy. Indeed, every time Ma-
hatma Gandhi goes on a hunger strike, he is
protesting as best he can an oppression that is
as contrary to the spirit of Americanism as any
in the world.
The apathetic attitude of the nation's leaders
toward many of the other conflicts that have
raged in the past and are now raging at present
in other parts of the world would seem to indi-
cate that what they fear is not the victory of a
force which would challenge American security
but rather the victory of a force which might
challenge the continuance of American capital-
ism, as indeed a victorious Germany would do.
If the nation is to be asked to suffer and saci7-
fice to preserve our economic system, let's have
that point made clear. If on the other hand,
the actual security and safety of this continent
is to be endangered by the rising and setting of
imperial stars in Europe, then let's wait until
a tangible threat appears and fight it out on
issues for which no real American need be afraid
to sacrifice. Then at least we will know why
we're dying. But until such an issue does ap-
pear and such a threat does manifest itself
clearly, our highest duty lies in seeing that the
American family does not become a breeding
farm for the slaughterhouses of Europe. Since
England is not growing stronger with the years,
it will be only at continually greater sacrifice
that we refuse to face the consequences of her
defeat. It does not appear to be a particularly
efficient or altogether courageous policy to be
forever defending others for fear that some day
we may have to defend ourselves.
NDEED it is difficult seriously to expect any
permanent peace over in Europe and avoid
the charge of being over-optimistic. The more
we live on this world the more we are convinced
that it varies only in detail from the world our
forebears knew fifteen hundred and two thou-
sand years ago. War is an ancient institution
in Europe, as it is everywhere; but it is not in-
digenous to the soil like some poisonous plant -
rather it harbors in people's minds. By now we
see the fallacy of supposing that war is the cruel
plaything of the great and is imposed upon the
protesting humble. We know that when we
deal with the hates that divide the people of
Europe, we touch something very close to their
lives. As progress is made in the study of the
mind, we gain more and more insight into the
truth that man does not live by bread alone; his
beliefs are by far the most lively part of even
the most phlegmatic person. We used to say
that people ate to keep body and soul together;
now we realized they eat to sustain their emo-
tions. And thus when we speak of permanent
pee. we deal in terms not of changing trade
The Reply
Churlish
By TOUCHSTONE
ENJOYED READING the twinne
columns on the' music feud yester-
day. It's nice for the younger set
to get an airing every once in awhile.
Now I'll tell young Grossberg what
is wrong with his approach to the
subject. Most of all, though he has
gone to considerable pains to get
figures and facts on networks, AS-
CAP, the chances of the Yankees in
the '41 series, sugar beet production
in 1912, he has not really brought
these facts to any sort of focus on
the big blow down Tin Pan Alley.
This I do not criticise him for. It is
a habit of Daily editorial writers to
let facts stand for something in them-
selves, without much discrimination
in selection, and without much con-
viction of just what the devil the
facts are supposed to prove. This of
course is one approach to the edi-
torial, the approach a la fence, and
it does not take into consideration
the fact that if the readers want
academic material, handled in the
supposedly unbiased manner of the
textbooks, they can get more com-
plete and probably more significant
statistics or historical data from the
sources quoted, always assuming that
they can read. It would be perfectly
OK to print a bibliography of per-
tinent material, though that would
do away with some beautiful, deadly
earnest sentences. But all material
done in this way starts with an orig-
inal conception of which side of a
brawl the writer favors, and the only
function of the facts is to weaken
the guy's arguments. He begins, la-
boriously, to list the arguments for
both sides, meticulously setting down
everything he thinks is fair to every-
body. Then in his last paragraph he
twists all those carefully dug-up half-
truths into whatever it was he felt
originally, and there you have it, and
as far as the reader is concerned, if
the last graph were printed first, it
would clarify the whole thing a great
deal.
Now to return toGrossberg, who is
a nice kid and doesn't deserve to be
put on the pan for this, but who is
for the nonce my pet guinea pig. The
gist of what Ed wants to say in his
edit feature yesterday is contained in
that pithy last sentence: "Although
it is an annoyance not to hear your
old favorites, let's bear with radio
in its attempt to run its own busi-
ness." In previous paragraphs Gross-
berg sketched out the history of AS-
CAP, told us what ASCAP meant,
also what CBS, NBC, and BMI
meant, told what the components of
BMI were, and gave the figures on
what per cent of radio income, gross
income, went to the tunesmiths, and
what per cent of the gross income
the rotters wanted this year. Now
I'm not being quite fair in this review
of Grossberg's edit, for there is con-
siderable information contained in it
that may have significance as regards
just why the radio industry feels
that it is being gypped.
But on the other haind, there isn't
enough on just why ASCAP feels
that it is justified in asking the high-
er percentage which on the surface
brought the scrap about, nor is there
any information on whether BMI
would have gone ahead with its plans
whether ASCAP boosted the ante or
not. So the whole thing isn't present-
ed, and of course it would take pages
of copy to discuss the thing from
the viewpoint of the composers, both
the old ones who head ASCAP, and
the new ones who see light in BMI.
I think the only thing that is justi-
fied is to take the angle we know,
and discuss the battle from there.
What do we know for sure?
Whether we like BMI music or
whether we don't. I don't think we,
as mere listeners to five tube sets,
should worry too much about a mil-
lion or two million dollars we'll never
see, nor about principals of benigni-
ty on the part of either of two mono-
polistic outfits, for it's not smart to
argue that BMI will do any more for
its composers than ASCAP does for
its boys, if it costs more to run BMI
than to pay ASCAP, the networks
would soon enough toss over their
ideals of justice to young composers
and scurry back to the decadent AS-
CAP. So figure it strictly from where
you sit, in front of the speaker 01
that little five tube radio. That's al:
you'll ever know about it for sure.
Do you like BMI music? Then BMI',
all right. Don't you like BMI's music?
Then get ASCAP back on the air. Sc
long until soon, and sorry Ed.
In a criticism of the present work-
ings of American democracy, as com-
pared with the English variety, Ber-
trand Russell, British philosopher
who is a visiting lecturer at Harvard
University. warned Americans yester-
day that "there is really a very grave
danger that you are fighting for
noble causes abroad in a way that
will cause them to be lost at home."
"There is no doubt." Mr. Russell
asserted, "that foolish forms of na-
tionalism are being encouraged in
this country as a means of filching
away your liberties while you are
not looking."
The philosopher and mathema
tician, whose published views on sex
and morals provoked a court fight
last spring which resulted in the re-
vocation of his appointment to teach
mathematics at City College, voiced
his criticism of American democracy
in an address on "Freedom in Times
of Stress," at the morning session of
the annual regional convention of
the Progressive Education Associa-
tion in the Hotel Pennsylvania.
Finds Sympathetic Audience
At the outset of his address, Mr.
Russell told the 500 teachers present
that he was facing "an audience
with whom I am more in sympathy
than with almost any other that
could be found in this country."
Later, the teachers, some of whom
were members of the faculty of
Teachers College, Columbia Univer-
sity, laughed when Mr. Russell criti-
cized Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler,
president of Columbia, for making a
distinction between "university free-
dom" and "academic freedom."
Mr. Russell began with a condem-
nation of the economic inequities
which he said resulted from the na-
tion's present effort to strengthen
its defenses.
Capitalists and munitions makers
"make their profit invariably, as it
is well understood that if they don't
they will sabotage the whole war
effort," Mr. Russell said, adding: "If
the workers should suggest that
some share of the profit should go
to them, they are unpatriotic."
Mr. Russell recalled that during
the recent Presidential campaign, in
which, he said, he, of course, had
remained neutral, he had "heard
people who supported Mr. Willkie
say that if your President should be
RI' Englishman Warns U.S.
fbout Threats To Its Liberties
re-elected, capital would sulk and
balk the national war effort."
"Those in possession of power are
allowed to take advantage of the
situation, while the underdog is not
allowed to," Mr. Russell said, brand-
ing this a "foolish kind of American-
ism." "The national war effort." he
asserted, "is being used to induce the
underdog to be content with his lot
and to keep those who are in power
in power."
"The defense of democracy, as I
understand it from reading the
newspapers," Mr. Russell said.
"means the abolition of democracy
here so it can be restored abroad."
"When one comes from England
to America one finds America much
more monarchial than England." he
continued.
After explaining that he was not
referring to the sphere of govern-
ment, Mr. Russell said that he had
discerned "monarchial" tendencies
in the powers enjoyed by presidents
of railroads and colleges and uni-
versities, as compared with compar-
able officials in England. Besides Dr.
Butler, Mr. Russell criticized Dr. A.
G. Ruthven, president of the Uni-
versity of Michigan, who asserted on
Nov. 9 that faculty members of state
universities who countenanced in-
discriminate criticism of the demo-
cratic form of government should
quit their profession.
As a result of these utterances re-
flecting the power of university
presidents and the promulgation of
the doctrine that it is the function
of a university to create good citi-
zens, Mr. Russell said that "we can
see an assembly of teachers listening
in awed silence while the president
of the university tells them how to
vote."
"To one accustomed to the more
democratic methods of England, the
spectacle is horrifying," he asserted.
Would Discipline College Heads {
Mr. Russel said that "right opin-
ion," as conceived by a president of
a university, could not be "majority
opinion," since "most university
presidents are Republicans." Neither
could it be "educated opinion," he
went on, because "in most universi-
ties, the members of the faculty are
more educated than the president
and should have the right to disci-
pline him."
-The New York Herald-Tribune
DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN
(Continued from Page 2)
nd Design: The work of Bruce Rog- ti
rs,-books, including the Lectern a
3ible, pamphlets, studies, bookplates,
abels, water color sketches,-is being B
hown in the ground floor cases, S
,rchitecture Building. Open daily,
to 5, except Sunday, through Jan-
ary 16. The public is invited. s
Exhibition, College of Architecturet
tnd Design: Drawings made for the b
Inter-School Problem "A Labor Union
;enter" at Massachusetts Institute of
'echnology, Rensselaer Polytechnicd
:nstitute, the Universities of Minne- i
3ota, Cornell, and Michigan. ThirdL
Floor exhibition room, Architecture C
Building' Open daily, 9 to 5, through
January 11. The public is invited.
t
LecturesM
University Lecture: John Lundy,
M.D., Head of the Section in Anes-
hesia of the Mayo Clinic at Roches-
er, Minnesota, will lecture on thet
subject, "'Anaesthetics;" under thec
auspices of the University of Michi-I
gan Section of the American Chemi-
cal Society at 4:15 p.m. today in the
Rackham Amphitheatre. The pub-c
lic is cordially invited.
Events Today
The Observatory Journal Club will
neet at 4:15 p.m. today in the Ob-
servatory lecture room. Dr. A. D.t
Maxwell will speak on "The Per-;
turbations of Adonis." Tea at 4:00
p.m,
Mathematics Club will not hold its
previously scheduled meeting in the
Rackham Building, since the chief7
speaker, Dr. Martin, is ill.
The Slavic Society will meet in
Room 315 of the Michigan Union to-
night at 8:00. All Slavic students
invited.
House Presidents' Meeting today
at 4:30 p.m. in the Michigan League.
Attendance compulsory.
The Polish Engineers Society will'
meet tonight at 7:30 in the Union.
Room number will be posted on the
bulletin board. All students interest-
ed in science and Polish are invited.
La Sociedad Hispanica will present
Mr. Robert Griffin, who will give an
illustrated lecture in English with
colored movies on "Mexico, Land of
The Future and Romance" tonight at
8:15 in the Natural Science Audi-
Classical Record Concert tonight,
:30-9 :00, in the Men's Lounge of
Le Rackham School. All interested
re invited.
Program: Harris, Symphony No. 3;
Beethoven, Violin Concerto; Brahm's
ymphony No. 1.
J. G. P. Eligibility Cards will be
igned for all committees today, 4:00
-5:30 in the undergraduate office of
he League. All eligibility cards must
e signed today.
J. G. P. Program Committee will
heet today at 5:C)) p.m. in the
League. Room number will be posted
on the bulletin board.
Members of the Program Commit-
ee of Theatre Arts are requested to
work on programs in the League to-
day between 2:00 and 5:30 p.m.
Theatre Arts Makeup Committee:
Members will meet under the theatre
to make up for the dress rehearsal
of "Children 1777" at 6:30 tonight.
Attendance is compulsory.
Seminar in the Bible meets to-
day at 4:30 p.m. in Lane Hall.
J. G. P. Dance Rehearsal today at
4:00 p.m. in the Women's League.
Spanish Play Try-outs at 3:15 p.m.
today and Friday in 312 R. L. All
students of Spanish are invited.
The Regular Thursday Afternoon
"P.M." will be held at the Hillel
Foundation from 4:00 to 6:00 today.
All Hillel members and friends are
invited.
The Interior Decorating Group of
the Faculty Women's Clubs will meet
today at the League. Mrs. A. E.
Greene will speak on "Spring Clean-
ing of Rugs, Furniture, and Drap-
eries."
Hillel Institute of Jewish Studies:
The class in Marriage and the Family
will meet at the Foundation tonight
at 7:30. Mr. Richard Meyers, of the
Sociology Department, will give the
lecture entitled 'Marriage Adjust-
ments."
Coming Events
Institute of The Aeronautical Sci-
ences trip to Selfridge Field and The
Warner Aircraft Plant will be taken
Tuesday, January 14. Meet in front
of East Engineering Building at 7:30
Our Yesterdays
50 Years AgoE
Jan. 9, 1841 - Governor Winans,
in his message to the state legislat-
ure, has recommended that the ap-
propriations for all state institutions
be cut down, except those asked. for
the University. "The University of'
Michigan," he explained, "takes high