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.eport
Kennedy
Intervention
RACIAL INTEGRATION:
Court Delivers Sit-In Ruling
I
o Rescue Geneva
Trade
Talks
)ifferences
)n Tariffs
till persist
RAILROAD 'FEATHERBEDDING':
NegotiatorsSeek Settlement
Meeting Considere
New UI.S. Proposal
GENEVA (3)-President John F.
Kennedy intervened last night in
an attempt to rescue international.
trade talks from collapse, a well-
informed source reported early to-
day.
The informant said the Presi-
dent spoke several times by trans-
Atlantic telephone with Christian
A. Herter, his chief negotiator in
Geneva, in an effort to come up
with a formula to compromise dif-
ferences between the United States
and the European Common Mar-
ket./
Herter then submitted a new
proposal to Common Market rep-
resentatives on how the "Kennedy
round" of tariff negotiations
should be conducted next year. It
suggested "special rules" for cut-
ting high American tariffs to meet
European demands that peak
American rates be lopped off.
After Midnight
A Common Market source called
the new American plan too vague.
Nevertheless, Common Market
cabinet ministers met well after
midnight to consider it.,
Among them was Ludwig Er-
hard, expected to be West Ger-
many's next chancellor.
7' Valery; Giscard d'Estaing, Pres-
dent Charles de Gaulle's finance
minister, flew ;back from Paris to
attend the meeting, French sourc-
es said.
Counter-Proposal?
The Common Market ministers
were expected to come up with a
counter-proposal.'
Some delegates said the idea is
gaining ground that only a direct
understanding between Kennedy
and de Gaulle could end the dead-
lock.
This is a conference of 73 na-.
tions but actually, the United
States and the European 'Common
Market, with France as its driv-
ing force, were the protagonists.
Rusk Praises
NATO Forces,
OTTAWA (-) - Secretary of
State Dean Rusk yesterday hailed
the military strength of the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization as, a,
tr emendous achievement and call-
ed for new efforts to bring the
15 allies closer together on politi-
cal and economic matters.
He acknowledged that differ-
ences exist among the NATO
countries on future courses but,
expressed confidence that they
will be resolved.
Rusk flew here for a three-
day ministerial meeting of the
NATO Council
Rusk's arrival coincided with a!
critical session of the Canadian
Parliament on Prime Minister
Lester B. Pearson's decision to,
honor . Canadian commitments to
arm Canadian forces at home and
abroad with United States nuclear
warheads.
WASHINGTON ()-Negotiators
seeking to settle the railroad
"featherbedding" dispute moved
quickly to the central issue yester-
day-elimination of 40,000 fire-
men from freight and yards trains.
If the railroads and five operat-
ing unions can agree on this point,
it probably will clear the way for
settlement of most other issues in
the work rules controversy.
But if no agreement is reached
by June -12 in the new round of
bargaining sessions which began
yesterday a nationwide rail strike
may result.
The railroads contend that out-
moded work rules-they call it
featherbedding-cost them $600
million each year in unnecessary
operating expenses.
J. E. Wolfe, chief spokesman for
the railroads, described the open-
ing session as friendly, and said
"there was anindication of mu-
tual cooperation."
Wole, chairman of the National
Railway Labor Conference, and
Roy Davidson, president of the
Brotherhood of Locomotive Engi-
neers, met with newsmen at the
end of the first day's closed meet-
ing.
Bargaining Sessions
They said that, by mutual agree-
ment, discussions already have
begun on the recommendations of
a three-man presidential board
last. week for gradual elimination
of unneeded firemen. Bargaining
sessions resume today.
Wheat Farmers Go to Polls
On Crop Control Legislation
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON-The nation's wheat farmers go to the polls to-
day to vote on a new wheat control plan. /
The plan provides for crop limitations which will reduce crop
plantings ten per cent below past allotments and a government sup-
port price of $2 per bushel.
The program, a keystone in the Kennedy administraton's farm
program will not go into effect unless it is passed by two-thirds of the
farmers. Previous wheat control programs have always been approved
by yheat producers, however some
1 - 1.2 million farmers with under 15
1 acres of wheat cropland are eligi-
'W orLd News l ''i ear"s-'''
-W orl , 11 ew bleto vote this year for the first
3I time.
R ound upHeavy politicing has character-
, _ _ _ _ized the wheat referendum cam-
The report of the Presidential1
Emergency Board was a final step
in federal strike-delaying machin-
ery. By law, a strike can come 30
days after the report is delivered.
Both Wolfe and Davidson refus-
ed to speculate on prospects of
a strike. But Wolfe noted that by
mutual agreement the June 12
strike deadline can be extended.
'Sincere Effort'
"I am positive that both sides
realize their responsibilities and
a very sincere effort will be made
to settle this," Wolfe said.-
When he received the report
from his Emergency Board last
week, President John F. Kennedy
urged both sides to quickly get
down to serious bargaining.
"There is not time to be lost for'
completing their agreement in this
critical dispute . . . The ultimate
dependence must be upon their
own efforts," he said.
Unneeded Firemen
The Emergency Board last week
recommended elimination of un-
needed firemen by attrition, as
they retire, die or move to other
jobs'.
The board proposed that when
a fireman's job becomes vacant by
any of these means, the railroad
have the authority to abolish the
job rather than re-fill it. The un-
ion can protest the action, but
must' be able to prove that loss of
the fireman would create a safe-
ty hazard or an undue burden on
another employe.
Senator Asks
Limited Aid
For Schools
WASHINGTON (;')-A detailed
program featuring limited aid to
private schools and tax deductions
was offered yesterday by Sen.
Abraham Ribicoff (D-Conn), as
his solution to the thorny religious
issue involved in the battle over
federal aid to education.
The controversy, he said in a
Senate speech, "imperils the fu-
ture of our nation. It is time we
faced it squarely, discussed it
calmly, and resolved it construc-
tively."
Ribicoff said the constitutional
question of separation of church
and state could be avoided by
limiting federal aid to church
schools to non-religious purposes.
He also proposed tax deductions
of up to $1500 a year to cover
the expenses of students at private
and public colleges and universi-
ties and up to $100 for private
grade and high school students.
Ribicoff said the $100 deduc-
tion would represent governmental
recognition of the fact that the
parents of 6.5 million youngsters
who do not attend public schools
still pay taxes to help support
them.
Ribicoff's proposals were warm-
ly seconded by his Connecticut
colleague, Sen. Thomas J. Dodd,
who said they are "clearly in the
national interest, they are moder-
ate, they are constitutional, and
they are constructive."~
(Continued from Page 1)
clauses unless to some signifi-
cant extent the state in any of its
manifestations has been found to
become involved in it."
Justice John M. Harlan, who dis-
sented in part from the decision
because he feels the court went
too far, said, on the shopkeepers'
,rights, "The majority's approach
to the state. action issue is in my
opinion quite untenable. Although
the right of a private restaurateur
to operate, if he pleases, on a
segregated basis is ostensibly left
untouched, the court in truth ef-
fectively deprives him of that
right in any state where a law
like this Greenville (SC) ordinance
continues to exist. For a choice
that can be enforced only by re-
sort to 'self help' has certainly
became a great diluted right if it
has not indeed been totally de-
stroyed."
Justice William O. Douglas
leaned the other way in his com-
ment on a Louisiana case, under
which the ban was applied to acts
by public officials.
He wrote, "There is no consti-
tutional way, as I see it, in which
a state can license and supervise
a business serving the public and
endowed with the authority to
manage that business on the basis
of apartheid which is foreign to
our Constitution."
Apartheid is the harsh racial
segregation doctrine practiced in
the Union of South Africa.
The chief justice laid down the
principle on sit-ins in reversing,
the 1960 trespass convictions of
10 Negroes under a Greenville, S.C.
ordinance.
He declared, "When a state
agency passes a law causing per-
New York Stock Exchangi
WASHINGTON (M)-The United
States Supreme Court yesterday
upset a lower court ruling that
the New York Stock Exchange is
protected from anti-trust law'
suits in carrying on its policing
program in the securities busi-
ness.
In a 7-2 decision, the high court
upheld an appeal by two Dallas,
Tex., securities dealers who sued
for an injunction when the stock
exchange ordered its members to
cut off their wire connections with
the Dallas firms.
Justice Arthur J. Goldberg said
in the majority opinion that the
aims of self-policing by exchanges
--to protect investors and pro-
mote fair dealings-are defeated
when an exchange exercises its
tremendous economic powerwith-
out explaining its basis for act-
ing.
Securities and Exchange Com-
mission officials said they do not
feel the court's opinion will inter-
fere unduly with self-regulation
by the stock exchanges.
They interpreted the opinion to
mean that the exchanges retain
regulatory authority as in the past.
but that in any disciplinary ac-
tion they must give a full explana-
tion of why the action is being
taken, 'plus an opportunity for a
hearing if one is requested.
In a 5-4 ruling the Supreme
Court upheld the Federal Power
Commission's plan to use a new
"area price method" for determ-
ining allowable producer prices for
natural gas.
~~T1
sons to discriminate against oth
er persons because of race, an
the state's criminal processes ar
employed in a way which enforce
the discrimination demanded b
that law, such a palpable violatio:
of the 14th Amendment cannot
be saved by attempting to separ
ate the mental urges of the dis
criminators."
I'! -
. .. ..
EDWARD R. ANNIS, M.D.
President-Elect (1962-63) of the
AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
I
By The Associated Press
MIAMI - Politically divided
exiles joined forces yesterday and
formed the Cuban Committee of
Liberation to wage a "second in-
dependence war." The commit-
tee was selected by some 150 exile
leaders who signed a charter of
Cuban unity.
WASHINGTON-Gen. Lyman L.
Lemnitzer, supreme allied com-
mander in Europe, said yesterday
the Soviet army can no longer be
considered a "cumbersome 'mass'
foree," but is a highly mobile one
"geared to the realities of the
atomic age."
WASHINGTON - Gov. George
Wallace of Alabama has given
President John F. Kennedy his
personal pledge that local and'
state civilian authorities will
maintain law and order in Birm-
ingham it was learned yesterday.
The governor's emphatic and re-
peated statement when the two
met last Saturday prompted an
expression by the President that
nothing could please him more.
NEW YORK-The New York
Stock Exchange fluttered irreg-
ularly lower yesterday despite
strong advances by sugar issues
and power in a few selected stocks.
Dow-Jones averages showed 30 in-
dustrials down 4.63, 20 railroads
down .28, 15 utilities up .11 and
65 stocks down 1.05.
paign. Opponents to the plan have
accused the argriculture depart-
ment of "coercing" county com-
mittees that administer federal
farm programs into drumming up
"yes" votes for the plan. They also
say. that a better program with
less government regulation will be
forthcoming if the farmers turn
down the proposal.
Secretary of Agriculture Orville
L. Freeman has said that his de-
partment has not been trying ;to
influence the vote but seeking to
inform the growersof, the facts.
JOBS OPEN
FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC
salaries $3,000 to $12,000. Immediate
need for office help, payroll clerks,
timekeepers, engineers, draftsmen,
skilled and unskilled workers all
types, onlarge Government and
private contracts in United States,
Hawaii, England, Belgium, Italy,
Germany, Iran, South America, Far
East. Living quarters, transportation,
high pay. Men and Women, both.
For information on these job con-
tracts and application blanks, send
$2.00 mailing charge to: Employment
Information Center, Dept. COL 10,
P.O. Box 4, Brookline 46. Mass. No
other fee or charge of any kind.
Delivery guaranteed. We are Bonded.
Members of Brookline Chamber of
Commerce.
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