Seventy-Fifth Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
FEIFFERi
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Where Opinions Are Free, 0 MANARD ., ANN ARBoR, Mc.
Troth Will Prevail 40MYr~ rA~ ROt rx
NEWS PHONE: 764-0552
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily ex press the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
TUESDAY, JULY 20, 1965 NIGHT EDITOR: MICHAEL BADAMO
Unequal Fund Distribution
Creates 'Brain Drain'
EACH YEAH the universities in the to go to other areas. Those that are in-
northeast area of the United States migrating are on the average less educat-
confer doctor of philosophy degrees on 40 ed than those who leave. According to,a
per cent of all recipients. study done recently by Prof. David Gold-
This region has among its universities, berg of the sociology department the in-
Ohio State University, Indiana University, migrant level of education has had, on
Purdue University, the University of Notre the average, only 14.8 years of school,
Dame, the University of Illinois, North- while an out-migrant generally has had
western University, the University of Chi- about 16 years of education, or, in other
cago, the University of Wisconsin, Michi- words, a college graduate.
gan State University and the University While there may not be any connection
itself..between these figures, it is possible that
A second fact concerning this area is
that federal research and development men'slresertandoevelope n-
funds are distributed in such a way that ments research and development funds-
funs ae dstibued n scha wy tatwhich total approximately $15 billion-
in 1963, this area received $18 per person last year has resulted in a "brain drain"
while the Pacific region received $181 per in this area of the country.
person, the Mountain region received
$115 per person, and thesNew England WHERE AND WHY do people leave? Pos-
sibly in order to find greener pastures
to conduct research in.
A THIRD FACT about the area is that,
in general, people are leaving this area -BARBARA SEYFRIED
The 'Bought' Candidate
In Hands of Pluto cracy
JOHN LINDSAY is like a rocket but his Nelson Rockefeller, the money has al-
fuel smells. ready started to flow in with a $100,000
With a Liberal and a Democrat on his "loan" which no one expects to be paid
fusion ticket, the wonderboy of New back.
York's silk stocking district is supported The unalterable fact is that Lindsay is
by Alex Rose, Murray the "K," and most a "bought" candidate.
of the city's electorate according to a Being bought by Rockefeller money is
recent poll. different than being bought by most of
Lindsay has the looks, the wife, the the vested interests because the strings
liberal voting record, the charisma, the attached to the money are practically
education and unfortunately a pledge of nonexistent.
$500,000 from the Rockefeller family. Yet like Saul Alinsky, the professional
radical whose projects in Chicago were
ACCORDING TO John Emmet Hughes, financed by Marshall Field, Lindsay's
noted columnist and former aide to prominence on the contemporary scene is
artificial.
° i~tttx MLA It THE EMERGENCE of men like Alinsky
and Lindsay reminds one of the pa-
JUDITH WARREN......................COn-Editor tronage system for the arts of the Italian
ROBERT HIPPLER .........................Co-Editor Renaissance.
EDWARD HERSTEIN................Sports Editor Although Alinsky and Lindsay are gift-
JUDITH FIELDS ...................Business Manager ed men in their own right, in our society
JEFFREY LEEDS..........Supplement Manager they need a "patron" to succeed. One
NIGHT EDITORS: Michael Badamo, John Meredith, cannot really blame Lindsay for conform-
Robert Moore, Barbara Seyfried, Bruce Wasserstein.
ing to the necessities of political life,
"Subscription rates: $4 for IA and B ($4.50 by mail); especially if one would rather see a
$2 for ILIA or B ($2.50 by mail).ifoewudrtrsea
The Daily is a member of the Associated Press and Lindsay than a Goldwater as the Re-
CoTleiate Press service. publican party's presidential nominee.
The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the Yet Lindsay's candidacy is a vivid dem-
use of al news dispatches credited to it or otherwise onstration of the pervasive control of
credited to the newspaper. All rights of re-publication . . .
all other matters here are also reserved. the plutocratic hierarchy over this na-
Second class postage paid at Ann Arbor, Mich. tion's electoral process.
Publishad gaily Tuesday through Saturday morning. BRUCE WASSERSTEIN
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POSSIBLE RECOMMENDATIONS:
Reforms Needed To Alter U.N. Context
By NORMAN COUSINS
The Saturday Review
ON JUNE 24, two former Presi-
dents of the United Nations
General Assembly sent a possibly
historic letter and report to the
permanent delegates of the U.N.
The two signers were General
Carlos P. Romulo of the Philip-
pines, president of the General
Assembly in 1949, and Sir Muham-
mad Zafrul a Khan of Pakistan,
who presided in 1962 and 1963
Their letter reported the re-
sults of a private conference com-
pleted in San Francisco just as
the special twentieth anniversary
ceremonies were getting under
way.
IN ADDITION to General Rom-
ulo and Sir Zafrulla, 12 men-all
of them distinguished political
scientists, philosophers, or public
servants-participated in the pri-
vate conference, arranged by the
Stanley Foundation, of Muscatine,
Iowa.
They include Dr. Hideki of
Japan, Nobel Prize winner; Dr.
Luis Quintanilla of Mexico, former
chairman of the OAS Council;
Robert Buron, chairman of the
French National Committee on
Productivity; Dr. Hermond Lan-
nung, member of the Danish dele-
gations to the U.N.; Gordon Fair-
weather, member of the Canadian
Parliament; Zenon Rossides, Cy-
priot ambassador to the United
States; Dr. Ahmad Houman, as-
sistant to the Prime Minister of
Iran; Ambassador S. Edward Peal,
member of the Liberian delega-
tion to the U.N.; M. van der Stoel,
member of the Netherlands Parlia-
ment; Chief S. O. Adebo, per-
manent representative of Nigeria
to the U.Nt; Grenville Clark,
American lawyer and coauthor of
"World Peace Through World
Law;" and C. Maxwell Stanley
American industrialist and head
of the Stanley Foundation.
The purpose of the conference
was to apply specialized human
intelligence to what may well be
the most important question in
the world-how to make the U.N.
work; which is to say, how to
rescue the U.N. from the limita-
tions and weaknesses inherent in
a pre-Atomic Charter and the
difficulties thrust upon it by na-
tions that go their own way-
whether by withholding financial
The Basic
Issue?
IN THE CURRENT controversy
over whether Section 14 (b) of
the TaftHartley Act should be
repealed, the argument is fre-
quently made that the 19 states
presently involved-those with the
so-called right-to-work laws-are
relatively unimportant industrial-
ly. The facts deny this contention.
While it is true that none of
the 19 individually could be called
an industrial giant, these states
collectively represent one-fifth of
the manufacturing activity of the
entire United States.
Now that we've set the record
straight on the industrial import-
ance of these states, we'll state
flatly that this is all beside the
point. The relative importance of
the states, industrially speaking,
should not be at issue in the 14
(b) controversy.
THE ISSUE simply is this:
Should Americans be compelled to
join a union in order to hold a
iob We a that, thov shol ho
support or by bypassing the U.N.
in matters directly concerned with
peacekeeping.
IN PARTICULAR, the confer-
ence considered changes needed
by the U.N. if it is to survive and
world peace is to be maintained.
In writing to the U.N. delegates
about their meeting, General
Romulo and Sir Zafrulla com-
mented;
"Twenty years ago the repre-
sentatives of 51 nations met here
in San Francisco to breathe life
into man's great hope for lasting
peace. A tired and shattered world
watched as the Charter of the
United Nations was written. The
world accepted it as a threshold
from fear and war to hope and
peace.
"TODAY, you commemorate the
founding of the United Nations
even as you confront the many
problems which face it. We share
your concern and wish you suc-
cess.
"Recently, we had the privilege
of conferring with other friends
of the United Nations . . . we
explored the fhture of the United
Nations over the next decade. We
considered the minimal needs of
the U.N. if it is to survive and
succeed as man's great hope.
"We respectfully submit, for
your thoughtful consideration, the
statement produced at this con-
ference. We hope you will find it
helpful."
THE CONFERENCE statement
carried the unanimous recom-
mendation for a strengthened U.N.
possessing these essentials of a
peaceful world:
* Complete and enforced dis-
armament of all nations through
carefully controlled stages. Each
nation would retain only such
armed forces as are essential to
maintain internal order.
" A permanent U.N. police
force in order to maintain world
peace and security, one aspect of
which would be an effective U.N.
inspection system to supervise dis-
armament.
* A General Assembly em-
powered with binding regulations
in the area of the U.N.'s peace-
keeping and disarmament func-
tions; a revised Security Council
responsible to the General Assem-
bly; and (in the opinion of most,
though not all the conferees' a
revised voting system in the Gen-
eral Assembly appropriate to the
strengthened U.N.,including aboli-
tion of the veto of the Security
Council.
* A strengthened International
Court of Justice empowered to in-
terpret the U.N. Charter and de-
cide all international legal dis-
putes; a system of regional courts;
and such other tribunals as are
necessary to settle international
disputes which do not lend them-
selves to decision through legal
principles.
* A world development pro-
gram. A major part of the savings
brought about through enforce-
able disarmament would be made
available for fostering the eco-
nomic and social advancement of
nations in need of it.
r The establishment of a reli-
able and adequate revenue system
for the strengthened U.N.
0 The establishment or a reli-
able and adequate revenue system
for the strengthened U.N.
" Safeguards to prevent addi-
tional authority vested in the U.N.
from being abused or misused. All
powers not specifically assigned to
the U.N. to be reserved for the
nations.
* Authority of the U.N. to ex-
tond to all ntiong unelor inivor-
Conference until the demand be-
comes irresistible. The small na-
tions now have the opportunity
to lead the way. National govern-
ments, private organizations and
individuals should immediately
begin intensive study of the U.N.
charter revision and formulation
of proposed changes."
THE CONFEREES were not
oblivious of the drastic nature of
their proposals or the complexities
involved in carrying them out.
They emphasized they were not
asking for Utopia.
"Confine our recommendations
to the minimum essentials for
peace. Nothing less than enforce-
able world law can succeed. The
strengthened U.N. we advocate
will not change the nature of man
nor solve all the world's problems,
but it will keep the human race
from committing suicide.
"The difficulties of building en-
forceable world law are great, but
the hazards of a world without
enforceable law are greater. We
have. heard all the reasons why it
cannot be done, but we know it
must be done. We speak for an
idea whose time has come." k.
A SIGNIFICANT aspect of the
report is that many of the men
who signed it have a long record
of serving the U.N., officially or
unofficially.
The inevitable and basic ques-
tion that proceeds out of this fact
is, why should it be necessary for
such ideas to be developed outside
the formal councils of the U.N?
The answer is the basic one-con-
text.
The context of the U.N. is one
of absolute national sovereignty.
The U.N. is therefore an instru-
ment for carrying out a consensus
rather than for defining and en-
forcing strict principles on which
a workable peace necessarily rests.
THE U.N. HAS made inroads
into the anarchy of the whole,
but it has not dispatched the an-
archy. It can focus world public
opinion on certain situations and
can thereby generate useful pres-
sure, but it cannot enforce obli-
gations essential to the public
safety.
Context, quite literally, makes
all the difference in the world. It
is the difference between a man
in the General Assembly thinking
and acting as an individual, ap-
plying his own intelligence and
common sense to problems on their
merits, as a man officially convey-
ing the position of a government
conditioned by a world of national
interests, alliances and special
dealings.
Representing the latter, he has
only the most limited outlet for
independent judgement in situa-
tions involving determinations, of
justice.
THE Secretary-General, not
representing any nation, can of
course be objective, but his sta-
tion is often one of lonely and
sometimes tragic isolation, for he
cannot act effectively without the
cooperation of the nations which
are not inclined to be objective
in matters affecting their national
sovereignty.
What men of the Stanley Con-
ference sought to do was to
change context. They want to
create a context in which objective
law is the yardstick by which con-
flicts and tensions are resolved.
They see a direct relationship
between the architecture of world
organization and the existence of
a sane world society. They know
that the desireable context is one
in which problems coming before
a world judicial agency can ~be
considered against a background
of codified law and precedent and
not according to strategic pressure
applied by one nation against an
other.
WHATEVER the occupations or
preoccupations of the people who
inhabit this earth, anything they
say or do will make little sense
in terms of their essential security
and well being until they identify
world anarchy as their personal
problem, pit themselves against it,
and press for the establishment of
world law.
*
00
Festival Theater-Showplace for Shakespeare
'Mahagonny'--Strat ford's Best
EDITOR'S NOTE: The Shake-
spearean Festival began 13 years
ago when the few plays given each
summer were presented in a tent
on the ground now occupied by the
Festival Theatre. Since then the
program has been greatly expanded
to include concerts, Gilbert and
Sullivanuproductions androther
comedies and serious drama. Noted
Shakespearean actors such as Chris-
topher Plummer, Paul Scofield and
Julie Harris have appeared at the
Stratford productions in the recent
summers.
Special To The Daily
STRATFORD, Ontario-There is
no question, or at least there
shouldn't be any, that "Mahagon-
ny" is the standout of the Thir-
teenth Stratford Season.
The first North American pro-
duction of the 35-year-old Brecht-
Weill opera eclipses the Shakes-
peare productions for which the
Festival was started. This year
"The Marriage of Figaro," "The
Cherry Orchard," the fine con-
Schlamme heard and studied it.
THE WEILL SCORE is excit-
ing and unpredictable. Similar to
the "Threepenny Opera," the
music is nevertheless distinct and
fresh. Orchestrally, Weill sur-
prises again and again, with such
delights as solo mandolin accom-
paniment and an "American"
tom-tom sound. "Moon of Ala-
bama" and "As You Make Your
Bed, So Must You Lie In It" are
certainly among Weill's finest.
It's no wonder "Mahagonny"
hasn't been seen in the United
States. Everyone from the Moth-
ers for a Moral America to Lyn-
don Johnson (if that's so far to
go) would be offended. Just the
scene in which God visits Mahag-
onny and gets mugged would alone
finish off' the Stateside produc-
tion. And those subversive signs
waved at the end-"Every man
for himself" and "For an unequal
Avon River gave rise to specula-
tion that every year they roll up
the tourist props, including the
swans. It's not true. The locals
swear the swans have been there
at least 40 years (except for some
Canadian geese that moved in
three years ago and have since
had their wings clipped).
THE THING ABOUT Stratford
that's really delightful for Ameri-
cans is the low cost of living.
Rooms (in the tourist homes; not
motels) run about $6 for doubles
and $4 for singles, although
they're getting harder to find on
the spur of the moment.
Restaurant prices are ridicu-
lous: I had a full pound of filet
mignon with all side dishes for
$3.75, and that's a real deluxe
dinner. It's not hard to find a
complete meal for $1.50, or even
less. Menus even have sandwiches
for 20 cents (one place marks "10
rant; avtfa Frcr ohins") All this
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