Seventy-Fifth Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS FEIFFERi 0 Where Opinions Are Free, 0 MANARD ., ANN ARBoR, Mc. Troth Will Prevail 40MYr~ rA~ ROt rx NEWS PHONE: 764-0552 Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily ex press the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. TUESDAY, JULY 20, 1965 NIGHT EDITOR: MICHAEL BADAMO Unequal Fund Distribution Creates 'Brain Drain' EACH YEAH the universities in the to go to other areas. Those that are in- northeast area of the United States migrating are on the average less educat- confer doctor of philosophy degrees on 40 ed than those who leave. According to,a per cent of all recipients. study done recently by Prof. David Gold- This region has among its universities, berg of the sociology department the in- Ohio State University, Indiana University, migrant level of education has had, on Purdue University, the University of Notre the average, only 14.8 years of school, Dame, the University of Illinois, North- while an out-migrant generally has had western University, the University of Chi- about 16 years of education, or, in other cago, the University of Wisconsin, Michi- words, a college graduate. gan State University and the University While there may not be any connection itself..between these figures, it is possible that A second fact concerning this area is that federal research and development men'slresertandoevelope n- funds are distributed in such a way that ments research and development funds- funs ae dstibued n scha wy tatwhich total approximately $15 billion- in 1963, this area received $18 per person last year has resulted in a "brain drain" while the Pacific region received $181 per in this area of the country. person, the Mountain region received $115 per person, and thesNew England WHERE AND WHY do people leave? Pos- sibly in order to find greener pastures to conduct research in. A THIRD FACT about the area is that, in general, people are leaving this area -BARBARA SEYFRIED The 'Bought' Candidate In Hands of Pluto cracy JOHN LINDSAY is like a rocket but his Nelson Rockefeller, the money has al- fuel smells. ready started to flow in with a $100,000 With a Liberal and a Democrat on his "loan" which no one expects to be paid fusion ticket, the wonderboy of New back. York's silk stocking district is supported The unalterable fact is that Lindsay is by Alex Rose, Murray the "K," and most a "bought" candidate. of the city's electorate according to a Being bought by Rockefeller money is recent poll. different than being bought by most of Lindsay has the looks, the wife, the the vested interests because the strings liberal voting record, the charisma, the attached to the money are practically education and unfortunately a pledge of nonexistent. $500,000 from the Rockefeller family. Yet like Saul Alinsky, the professional radical whose projects in Chicago were ACCORDING TO John Emmet Hughes, financed by Marshall Field, Lindsay's noted columnist and former aide to prominence on the contemporary scene is artificial. ° i~tttx MLA It THE EMERGENCE of men like Alinsky and Lindsay reminds one of the pa- JUDITH WARREN......................COn-Editor tronage system for the arts of the Italian ROBERT HIPPLER .........................Co-Editor Renaissance. EDWARD HERSTEIN................Sports Editor Although Alinsky and Lindsay are gift- JUDITH FIELDS ...................Business Manager ed men in their own right, in our society JEFFREY LEEDS..........Supplement Manager they need a "patron" to succeed. One NIGHT EDITORS: Michael Badamo, John Meredith, cannot really blame Lindsay for conform- Robert Moore, Barbara Seyfried, Bruce Wasserstein. ing to the necessities of political life, "Subscription rates: $4 for IA and B ($4.50 by mail); especially if one would rather see a $2 for ILIA or B ($2.50 by mail).ifoewudrtrsea The Daily is a member of the Associated Press and Lindsay than a Goldwater as the Re- CoTleiate Press service. publican party's presidential nominee. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the Yet Lindsay's candidacy is a vivid dem- use of al news dispatches credited to it or otherwise onstration of the pervasive control of credited to the newspaper. All rights of re-publication . . . all other matters here are also reserved. the plutocratic hierarchy over this na- Second class postage paid at Ann Arbor, Mich. tion's electoral process. Publishad gaily Tuesday through Saturday morning. BRUCE WASSERSTEIN ,n1 \ t 7J . :it, I AA , r 'V rV 7 i , I ~~ ,' ~ J }BOO I 60TW1'J 'TOo<~ FOMQQY TO YO00, N.r f w 0 BIF u- T(FPG I MWA~ MY SIDJ roSAG A A5 AS [?Ay MA8. F4AVYT MY LXOO TIPED AUL- THE you ALR)AL6 Li To~ AEwe:y APY Exlee , 01 ? r \ ' ... DR AM 15 DE6AD, WAMA~, MY NAIP B60UI T0P WT? / (A5V HAV6EJT ACED A Wk,.UT IBABTY.T / (' E \ \ 11 ! ; %t~ MOOT) EPPIC~. \ 1'> POSSIBLE RECOMMENDATIONS: Reforms Needed To Alter U.N. Context By NORMAN COUSINS The Saturday Review ON JUNE 24, two former Presi- dents of the United Nations General Assembly sent a possibly historic letter and report to the permanent delegates of the U.N. The two signers were General Carlos P. Romulo of the Philip- pines, president of the General Assembly in 1949, and Sir Muham- mad Zafrul a Khan of Pakistan, who presided in 1962 and 1963 Their letter reported the re- sults of a private conference com- pleted in San Francisco just as the special twentieth anniversary ceremonies were getting under way. IN ADDITION to General Rom- ulo and Sir Zafrulla, 12 men-all of them distinguished political scientists, philosophers, or public servants-participated in the pri- vate conference, arranged by the Stanley Foundation, of Muscatine, Iowa. They include Dr. Hideki of Japan, Nobel Prize winner; Dr. Luis Quintanilla of Mexico, former chairman of the OAS Council; Robert Buron, chairman of the French National Committee on Productivity; Dr. Hermond Lan- nung, member of the Danish dele- gations to the U.N.; Gordon Fair- weather, member of the Canadian Parliament; Zenon Rossides, Cy- priot ambassador to the United States; Dr. Ahmad Houman, as- sistant to the Prime Minister of Iran; Ambassador S. Edward Peal, member of the Liberian delega- tion to the U.N.; M. van der Stoel, member of the Netherlands Parlia- ment; Chief S. O. Adebo, per- manent representative of Nigeria to the U.Nt; Grenville Clark, American lawyer and coauthor of "World Peace Through World Law;" and C. Maxwell Stanley American industrialist and head of the Stanley Foundation. The purpose of the conference was to apply specialized human intelligence to what may well be the most important question in the world-how to make the U.N. work; which is to say, how to rescue the U.N. from the limita- tions and weaknesses inherent in a pre-Atomic Charter and the difficulties thrust upon it by na- tions that go their own way- whether by withholding financial The Basic Issue? IN THE CURRENT controversy over whether Section 14 (b) of the TaftHartley Act should be repealed, the argument is fre- quently made that the 19 states presently involved-those with the so-called right-to-work laws-are relatively unimportant industrial- ly. The facts deny this contention. While it is true that none of the 19 individually could be called an industrial giant, these states collectively represent one-fifth of the manufacturing activity of the entire United States. Now that we've set the record straight on the industrial import- ance of these states, we'll state flatly that this is all beside the point. The relative importance of the states, industrially speaking, should not be at issue in the 14 (b) controversy. THE ISSUE simply is this: Should Americans be compelled to join a union in order to hold a iob We a that, thov shol ho support or by bypassing the U.N. in matters directly concerned with peacekeeping. IN PARTICULAR, the confer- ence considered changes needed by the U.N. if it is to survive and world peace is to be maintained. In writing to the U.N. delegates about their meeting, General Romulo and Sir Zafrulla com- mented; "Twenty years ago the repre- sentatives of 51 nations met here in San Francisco to breathe life into man's great hope for lasting peace. A tired and shattered world watched as the Charter of the United Nations was written. The world accepted it as a threshold from fear and war to hope and peace. "TODAY, you commemorate the founding of the United Nations even as you confront the many problems which face it. We share your concern and wish you suc- cess. "Recently, we had the privilege of conferring with other friends of the United Nations . . . we explored the fhture of the United Nations over the next decade. We considered the minimal needs of the U.N. if it is to survive and succeed as man's great hope. "We respectfully submit, for your thoughtful consideration, the statement produced at this con- ference. We hope you will find it helpful." THE CONFERENCE statement carried the unanimous recom- mendation for a strengthened U.N. possessing these essentials of a peaceful world: * Complete and enforced dis- armament of all nations through carefully controlled stages. Each nation would retain only such armed forces as are essential to maintain internal order. " A permanent U.N. police force in order to maintain world peace and security, one aspect of which would be an effective U.N. inspection system to supervise dis- armament. * A General Assembly em- powered with binding regulations in the area of the U.N.'s peace- keeping and disarmament func- tions; a revised Security Council responsible to the General Assem- bly; and (in the opinion of most, though not all the conferees' a revised voting system in the Gen- eral Assembly appropriate to the strengthened U.N.,including aboli- tion of the veto of the Security Council. * A strengthened International Court of Justice empowered to in- terpret the U.N. Charter and de- cide all international legal dis- putes; a system of regional courts; and such other tribunals as are necessary to settle international disputes which do not lend them- selves to decision through legal principles. * A world development pro- gram. A major part of the savings brought about through enforce- able disarmament would be made available for fostering the eco- nomic and social advancement of nations in need of it. r The establishment of a reli- able and adequate revenue system for the strengthened U.N. 0 The establishment or a reli- able and adequate revenue system for the strengthened U.N. " Safeguards to prevent addi- tional authority vested in the U.N. from being abused or misused. All powers not specifically assigned to the U.N. to be reserved for the nations. * Authority of the U.N. to ex- tond to all ntiong unelor inivor- Conference until the demand be- comes irresistible. The small na- tions now have the opportunity to lead the way. National govern- ments, private organizations and individuals should immediately begin intensive study of the U.N. charter revision and formulation of proposed changes." THE CONFEREES were not oblivious of the drastic nature of their proposals or the complexities involved in carrying them out. They emphasized they were not asking for Utopia. "Confine our recommendations to the minimum essentials for peace. Nothing less than enforce- able world law can succeed. The strengthened U.N. we advocate will not change the nature of man nor solve all the world's problems, but it will keep the human race from committing suicide. "The difficulties of building en- forceable world law are great, but the hazards of a world without enforceable law are greater. We have. heard all the reasons why it cannot be done, but we know it must be done. We speak for an idea whose time has come." k. A SIGNIFICANT aspect of the report is that many of the men who signed it have a long record of serving the U.N., officially or unofficially. The inevitable and basic ques- tion that proceeds out of this fact is, why should it be necessary for such ideas to be developed outside the formal councils of the U.N? The answer is the basic one-con- text. The context of the U.N. is one of absolute national sovereignty. The U.N. is therefore an instru- ment for carrying out a consensus rather than for defining and en- forcing strict principles on which a workable peace necessarily rests. THE U.N. HAS made inroads into the anarchy of the whole, but it has not dispatched the an- archy. It can focus world public opinion on certain situations and can thereby generate useful pres- sure, but it cannot enforce obli- gations essential to the public safety. Context, quite literally, makes all the difference in the world. It is the difference between a man in the General Assembly thinking and acting as an individual, ap- plying his own intelligence and common sense to problems on their merits, as a man officially convey- ing the position of a government conditioned by a world of national interests, alliances and special dealings. Representing the latter, he has only the most limited outlet for independent judgement in situa- tions involving determinations, of justice. THE Secretary-General, not representing any nation, can of course be objective, but his sta- tion is often one of lonely and sometimes tragic isolation, for he cannot act effectively without the cooperation of the nations which are not inclined to be objective in matters affecting their national sovereignty. What men of the Stanley Con- ference sought to do was to change context. They want to create a context in which objective law is the yardstick by which con- flicts and tensions are resolved. They see a direct relationship between the architecture of world organization and the existence of a sane world society. They know that the desireable context is one in which problems coming before a world judicial agency can ~be considered against a background of codified law and precedent and not according to strategic pressure applied by one nation against an other. WHATEVER the occupations or preoccupations of the people who inhabit this earth, anything they say or do will make little sense in terms of their essential security and well being until they identify world anarchy as their personal problem, pit themselves against it, and press for the establishment of world law. * 00 Festival Theater-Showplace for Shakespeare 'Mahagonny'--Strat ford's Best EDITOR'S NOTE: The Shake- spearean Festival began 13 years ago when the few plays given each summer were presented in a tent on the ground now occupied by the Festival Theatre. Since then the program has been greatly expanded to include concerts, Gilbert and Sullivanuproductions androther comedies and serious drama. Noted Shakespearean actors such as Chris- topher Plummer, Paul Scofield and Julie Harris have appeared at the Stratford productions in the recent summers. Special To The Daily STRATFORD, Ontario-There is no question, or at least there shouldn't be any, that "Mahagon- ny" is the standout of the Thir- teenth Stratford Season. The first North American pro- duction of the 35-year-old Brecht- Weill opera eclipses the Shakes- peare productions for which the Festival was started. This year "The Marriage of Figaro," "The Cherry Orchard," the fine con- Schlamme heard and studied it. THE WEILL SCORE is excit- ing and unpredictable. Similar to the "Threepenny Opera," the music is nevertheless distinct and fresh. Orchestrally, Weill sur- prises again and again, with such delights as solo mandolin accom- paniment and an "American" tom-tom sound. "Moon of Ala- bama" and "As You Make Your Bed, So Must You Lie In It" are certainly among Weill's finest. It's no wonder "Mahagonny" hasn't been seen in the United States. Everyone from the Moth- ers for a Moral America to Lyn- don Johnson (if that's so far to go) would be offended. Just the scene in which God visits Mahag- onny and gets mugged would alone finish off' the Stateside produc- tion. And those subversive signs waved at the end-"Every man for himself" and "For an unequal Avon River gave rise to specula- tion that every year they roll up the tourist props, including the swans. It's not true. The locals swear the swans have been there at least 40 years (except for some Canadian geese that moved in three years ago and have since had their wings clipped). THE THING ABOUT Stratford that's really delightful for Ameri- cans is the low cost of living. Rooms (in the tourist homes; not motels) run about $6 for doubles and $4 for singles, although they're getting harder to find on the spur of the moment. Restaurant prices are ridicu- lous: I had a full pound of filet mignon with all side dishes for $3.75, and that's a real deluxe dinner. It's not hard to find a complete meal for $1.50, or even less. Menus even have sandwiches for 20 cents (one place marks "10 rant; avtfa Frcr ohins") All this l I