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Seventy-Sixth Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
Faculty Review: Meier's Planning'
Where Opinions Are Free 420 MAYNARD ST., ANN ARBOR, MICH.
Truthb Wil Prevail'
NEWS PHONE: 764-0552
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the inidividual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
FRIDAY, APRIL 15. 1966
NIGHT EDITOR: SHIRLEY ROSICK
SHA Meeting0
A Constructive Get-Together
HAD THE STUDENT Housing Associa-
tion gained no important advice on its
prospective housing proposal, the group
still would have had a smashing success
by assembling some of the most impor-
tant people in Ann Arbor housing in one
room to talk about student and communi-
ty needs.
But SHA accomplished both Tuesday
at the Union's Crofoot Room, when it
hosted city councilmen, University ad-
ministrators-and most surprising of all
-several architects and real estate de-
velopers, to discuss both the SHA propos-
al and the nature of the city's housing
need. .
SHA gained enough information to re-
vise its integrated City-University Hous-
ing Proposal, and as a result, the pro-
posal may be forwarded to city govern-
ment agencies before the end of this
month. Furthermore, the dialogue at the
luncheon was amazingly uninhibited, con-
sidering the groups represented.
A DEMOCRAT and a Republican - Mrs.
Eunice Burns and Prof. Richard Balz-
hiser-came from City Council. Mrs. Burns
has been active in housing affairs such
as the University-City Joint Central Busi-
ness District High Rise and Parking Com-
mittee.
Prof. Balzhiser has been active in coun-
cil's work with the city Housing Com-
mission.
Several architects who had advised
SHA earlier were present: Richard Ahern,
who encouraged City Council to consider
the aesthetics of urban design last sum-
mer when they were drafting high-rise
legislation; Ted Smith, and Ted Daniel.
Also attending was Don Var Cirler.
A local contractor-Dick Butcher-was
present.
THE MOST HEARTENING element of
the discussion was the enthusiasm
shown by the architects and builder.
They were mnost free in articulating
what type of construction should be en-
'couraged, what would be functionally
undesirable, and what would specifically
suit student needs. Furthermore, they
gave their opinions on construction in-
dustry in Ann Arbor compared with other
college towns.
Considering that they were discussing
matters affecting their own business deal-
ings, these men should be commended
on the interest they took in the SHA pro-
posal. They could not be sure that the
SHA proposal would be favorable to their
private projects.
RATHER, it would seem that SHA would"
be hindering them by calling for high-
er standards of constructions and special-
ly-designed housing units. Yet the real
estate developers spoke on every item in
The Associated Press is erlusively 'entitled to the
use of all news dispatches crodited to it or otherwise
credited to the newspaper. All rights of re-publication
of all other matters here are also reserved.
Published daily Tuesday through Sunday morning.
Subscription rate: $4.50 semester by carrier ($5 by
mail) $8 yearly by carrier ($9 by mail
Second class postage paid at Ann Arbor, Mich.
the proposal, and unless they are very
subtly tooling SHA, their contribution was
substantial.
The SHA proposal now under revision
is an attempt to inject student influence
at a time when housing standards and
zoning revisions are being considered by
City Planning Commission- officials and
council itself. Some of the most impor-
tant provisions in the proposal are listed
as immediate goals. Here are several:
-SHA will encourage building code re-
visions which provide for ample "com-
mon areas such as stairways, corridors,
elevators, and recreational facilities" as
well as balconies and porches projecting
into setback areas.
-SHA would suggest re-evaluation of
current R4C/D high-density residential
zoning. This would be done to encourage
high density construction on the campus
fringe area in a special R4S student hous-
ing zone originated by SHA.
-Soundproofing legislation would aug-
ment existing building standards. But
this will be a problem because sound-
proofing plans are often hindered by
fireproofing and other construction re-
quirements.
HA WILL ALSO suggest elimination of
a minimum lot area/dwelling unit ra-
tio currently complicating architects, an
increase in usable floor area per dwelling
unit.
They will also submit standards for
aesthetically and functionally desirable
parking structures in student housing.
SHA originally suggested a civic design.
review committee to encourage "creative
and tasteful design while maintaining
consistency with zoning and building code
standards." The proposal will be post-
poned until further feasibility study of
such a committee.
THE SUBMISSION of the R4S student
zone itself is farther off in time. SHA
is considering feasibility of various types
of apartment complexes, the use of open
space, setbacks and height requirements.
The advice of those present at the
luncheon was valuable, but the proposal
for a student zone does not appear to be
near completion at this time.
SHA has several long-range goals which
were discussed as a part of the general
housing perspective in the next 10 years.
These would include middle-rise student
housing complexes with underground
parking and adjacent commercial serv-
ices. However, there can be no action in
this area until further study has been
made.
Although action on even the most short-
range SHA proposals could be months off,
the group has achieved two immediate
successes. It has developed a program of
activity which has become too signifi-
cant to be either neglected or belittled.
And it has begun an effective dialogue
with important sectors of the non-stu-
dent community.
AS AN AUTHORITATIVE student orga-
nization, SHA has arrived.
-NEAL BRUSS
DEVELOPMENTAL PLANNING,
by Richard L. Meier. New York:
McGraw-Hill, 1965, Pages xvii+
399, price $10.00
By KENNETH BOULDING
Professor of Economics
T HE MOST ASTONISHING, and
perhaps the most significant
thing, about this large and au-
thoritative work, is that it is
rather dull. This is doubly sur-
prising in view of the fact that
the author, who is well known on
the campus of the University of
Michigan, both as Associate Pro-
fessor of Resource Planning in the
School of Natural Resources and
as a research social scientist in
the Mental Health Research In-
stitute, is one of the liveliest and
most exciting people I have ever
met, in whose presence there is
never a dull moment.
It is surprising also because the
subject arouses fierce passions and
in a way is what the Cold War is
all about, and even perhaps ulti-
mately what the war in Viet Nam
is all about, if it is about anything;
and how the combination of bril-
liant author and exciting subject
can produce a dull book is some-
thing of a mystery.
This may reflect, however, in a
very significant way, the stage
which the world has reached in
this matter, for the book repre-
sents, as it were, a tombstone over
ideology. It is a textbook-one
might almost call it a cookbook-
for development, and while there
are rare souls who pore with de-
light over the pages of cookbooks,
tasting the products in their mind
much as the expert musician hears
the score before his eyes, for most
of us ordinary mortals, cookbooks
are dull as sustained reading.
IT IS VERY significant, how-
ever, when an activity gets to the
cookbook stage. This signifies a
maturity, a degree almost of com-
monplaceness, which is not found
in the more exciting but uncer-
tain days of experiment and prob-
ing.
The book has four, or more ac-
curately three and a half, parts.
In the first part, headed "Organ-
ization for Planning," there is a
brief survey of recent experiences,
notes on political preconditions,
and the most important chapter
(3) entitled "Open Systems for
Growth and Development," which
is perhaps the key theoretical
framework.
Here it is pointed out very
clearly that development is essen-
tially an information system, a
process by which the communica-
tion among persons of all kinds
produces an increase in knowledge
and skill and of things that knowl-
edge and skill produce. The fourth
chapter, headed "Constructing an
Administration'for Planning," dis-
cusses how this developmental
process of information can be
organized through specific institu-
tions, with the self-conscious aim
of development in view.
Part Two is headed "Industrial
Development," and discusses the
various methods and processes by
which the industrial sector of the
economy can grow, either from
within or from without. One
misses a corresponding part on
agricultural development, which is
also an essential aspect of the
developmental process and has its
own special problems.
Part Three is entitled "Educa-
tional Development" and points up
the enormous importance of plan-
ning for the formal development
of knowledge in the human re-
source. Part Four is a single chap-
ter entitled "Rationalizing Urban
Development," which deals in a
rather sketchy way with the prob-
lems involved in the explosively
rapid growth of cities which is
characteristic of the modern de-
velopmental process.
ONE MISSES ALSO a section
on the development of financial
institutions and of economic policy
narrowly conceived, such as policy
in regard to foreign exchange,
banking, tariffs, and so on. There
is also a certain amount of fun-
damental economic theory which
is taken for granted in the book
but which is not specifically de-
veloped, and a chapter on the in-
formational significance of the
price system or of profit as an
index of social advantage would
have made the treatment more
complete.
At many points the book suf-
fers from a somewhat hortatory
style-a little too much "should"
and not quite enough of the simple
indicative. The level of abstraction
at which a good deal of the writ-
ing is done also makes for a cer-
tain devitalization.
The author makes a great deal
of use of ideal types of processes,
which neither have the elegant
rigors of pure theory nor the
earthy particularity of real cases.
Many of the best parts of the
book are those passages in which
the author draws on his own ex-
perience, especially in Puerto Rico,
and earthy reality, as it were,
breaks through the cookbook
book recipes.
EVEN THOUGH we may be very
close to the cookbook stage of
developmental planning, I retain
a certain uneasiness about the
complexity of the problems of
social systems in the large which
cannot be reduced to cookbook
treatment. Ideology may be dead,
but it has an astonishing unwill-
ingness to lie; down. We do not
know very much about the sym-
bolic systems which have the
power of capturing men's minds.
Even behind the domestic cook-
book there is marriage, which is a
much more complicated business.
I worry too about the complexity
of the interaction between sym-
bolic systems and the distribution
of political power. Developmental
planning is all very well once the
political prerequisites are in or-
der, but how we get these pre-
requisites is another and much
more difficult matter.
One would also like to know
much more about the similarities
and differences of developmental
planning under predominantly
market-based societies like Puerto
Rico and under societies which
are dominated by the socialist
ideology. There are unquestion-
ably many important similarities;
there are also important differ-
ences, and one cookbook may not
do for the two households.
Chinese cooking, after all, is
very different from American, al-
though the study of comparative
cookbooks is undoubtedly fascinat-
ing, and just as the same basic
physics and chemistry underlies
all cooking, so the same basic
principles of social interaction,
learning, and human behavior un-
derlie all developmental processes.
IT IS CHURLISH, however, to
complain of sins of omission in a
book that is already approaching
the monumental, and perhaps
these should be taken as sugges-
tions for the second volume. This
book is a milestone pointing fur-
ther along the road. Taken as gos-
pel, howeve", It could be come a
millstone.
.4i
40'
A'
Education:il. S. C.oL A. U.
4'
By ROGER RAPOPORT
T HE 1955 Michigan State requis-
tion was labeled "Section B-
Ammunition." 2,250 60 mm mor-
tars, 12,000 white phosphorus
hand grenades, 3,200 rocket
launchers, 450,000 rounds of Car-
bine Ammo, 8,000 units of tear
gas ("to be procured for immediate
use") 2,500 recoilless 57mm rifles,
and other supplies totaling $270,-
000, were purchased.
It was all part of MSU's tech-
nical assistance program designed
to help South Viet Nam's premier,
Ngo Dinh Diem, cope with the
realities of South East Asian poli-
tics.
The details contained in a skill-
ful piece of muckraking by Ram-
parts magazine also revealed that
the scehool's project provided sup-
port and cover for the Central
Intelligence Agency in South Viet
Nam from 1955-59. The article
was written by Ramparts editor
Warren Hinkle III, with Sol Stern
and Robert Scheer.
THE APPALLING STORY re-
veals little newtknowledge about
the nature of the CIA or MSU.
But the account of what happened
when the two became bedfellows
is an unparalleled story of aca-
demic prostitution.
The CIA can be understood if
not excused for its actions, which,
involved posing five agents as
MSU professors in the Viet Nam
project.
The United States has never
.had qualms about supporting dic-
tatorships (Franco, Chaing Kai-
shek, Sygman Rhee, Batista, Tru-
jillio, et al) because dictatorships
have proven themselves highly ef-
fective at fighting Communism.
And since the primary objective
of American foreign policy is the
elimination of Communists not
the promotion of democracy, re-
pulsive but expedient tactics are
accepted as part of the game.
THE APPALLING ASPECT of
the story is that Michigan State
University organized the Viet-
namese Bureau of Investigation
(a sort of storm trooper's FBI)
that daily carried off political
prisoners (men, women and chil-
dren) to concentration camps.
As State Rep. Jack Faxon said
yesterday in announcing his in-
vestigation of the entire affair,
"This is horrifying. This is per-
petuating totalitarian rule. We as
a nation are supposed to be ex-
porting democracy . . . it (is) as
if the United States sent advisors
to Nazi Germany to help Hitler
set up a good concentration camp
program."
The story is a pretty accurate
reflection of Michigan State's at-
titude toward its role as a Univer-
sity. Under the 25 year reign of
John Hannah, Michigan State
University has never had qualms
about being exploited.
Itsnationally-known schools of
hotel management, packaging,
police administration, and mobile
homes, have, as Ramparts puts it,
helped make the university a great
"service station to society."
HENCE, IT IS not difficult to
understand how the entire Viet
Nam affair took place. MSU poli-
tical science professor Wesley
Fishel met Diem, an exiled Viet-
namese politician, in Tokyo in
1950. Fishel had Diem appointed
as a consultant to Michigan
State's Government R e s e a r c h
Bureau.
Diem picked up substantial sup-
port from prominent Americans
like Cardinal Francis Spellman
and Sen. Mike Mansfield.
In 1954 Diem was named pre-
mier and he asked Washington to
send him Fishel, who promptly
set up the MSU technical assist-
ance program.
THE CONTRACT "committed
MSU to do everything for Diem
from training his police to writing
his constitution."
The MSU profs came in, lived
in air conditioned villas and "made
close, to double their normal sal-
aries for advising. One professor
earning $9,000 for teaching in
East Lansing got $16,500 a year
for advising in Viet Nam."
The CIA officials were hidden
within the ranks of the MSU pro-
fessors-"all listed as members of
the MSU project staff and were
formally appointed by the univer-
sity board of trustees. Several were
given academic rank and paid by
the CIA."
They worked in- the police di-
vision of the MSU group as part
of the VBI.
RALPH SMULCKER, acting
dean of MSU's office of interna-
tional Programs told the New York
Times that the article was "ab-
solutely correct," in reporting that
the university has operated as,
"cover for the CIA team," until
July 1959.
Eventually there were troubles
for MSU. The story of the CIA
infiltration leaked out in Viet
Nam. Many legitimate professors
were embarrassed. "An anthropol-
ogist working far out in the Viet-
namese flatlands was flabbergast-
ed to find a local police chief in-
terrupt his work on the grounds
that he was digging up bones on
behalf of the CIA," says Ramparts.
Over the protestations of the
government, Michigan State decid-
ed the CIA would have to leave,
in the summer of 1959.
WHAT DID TIE MSU mission
itself do in Viet Nam? Much of the
training was for security police.
The university worked on a host
of other projects and even helped
write Diem's constitution.
The project ended abruptly in
1962. Diem was infuriated by a
New Republic article written by
two disenchanted MSU professors
exposing the situation and refused
to renew MSU's contract there. .
Meanwhile back in East Lansing
MSU has "little time for non-
conforming students and rarely
enough for conforming students,"
as Ramparts explains.
There the latest button is "Sup-
port Your Local Police State."
MSU is the school that is flooded
with campus cops, who have been
known to jail -co-eds who fail to
pay parking tickets. MSU is the
school where the university police
have a special detail to track down
radicals. MSU is the school where
the administration ordered the
arrest of four students who had
the audacity to hand out anti-
Viet Nam pamphlets in front of a
Marine recruiter in the student
union.
WHEN A STUDENT reporter
wrote an article for the Michigan
State News several years ago chas-
tizing the school because of a lack
of academic freedom, President
Hannah promptly responded by
firing the paper's advisor and
hiring a full time manager to keep
a closer eye on what gets into
print. The policy has worked quite
well. This week for example the
State News declined to run an
ad for the Ramparts article.
As Ramparts says "the student
is lowest among his (the profes-
sors) priorities." MSU is probably
the only educational institution
in the country that teachs swim-
ming with taped television. lec-
tures (which would be alright if
it weren't for the rose bowl jokes).
MSU is the school where the busi-
ness office decides when it wants
to build dorms-and then tells
admissions to fill them up.
Is it any wonder that MSU loses
a third to two-fifths of its fresh-
man class each year, must buy its
national merit scholars, has been
refused recognition by Phi Beta
Kappa twice and is more noted
for its cows than its poets?
But the most important consid-
eration is pointed out by MSU's
former Viet Nam project director
Standey K. Sheinbaum in an in-
troduction to the article.
The professor is no longer ex-
pected to raise social questions
but merely provide technical an-
swers.
American educators and intel-
lectuals have abdicated their role
"to serve as critic, conscience, om-
budsman . . . especially in foreign
policy," he says.
"WE HAVE BEEN conditioned
by our social science training not
to ask the normative question; we
possess neither the inclination nor
the means with which to question
and judge our foreign jolicy. We
have only the capacity to be ex-
perts, and technicians to serve
that policy. This is the tragedy of
the Michigan State professors; ,we
were all automatic cold warriors."
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:
Steude
wr
4-~a
00
,
,fir
,:; 3 K
1
To the Editor:
LEST THE STATEMENTS and
limited quotations in the
Friday, April 8 article with refer-
ence to the University's position
on Off Campus Housing be mis-
construed by students and other
members of the community, they
were made in the following con-
text:
Section 8.03 of the Bylaws of
the Board of Regents. General
Standards of Student Conduct.
Enrollment in the University
carries with it obligations in re-
gard to conduct, not only inside
but also outside the classroom,
and students are expected to
conduct themselves in such a
manner as to be a credit both
to themselves and to the Univer-
sity. They are amendable to the
laws governing the community
as well as to the rules and orders
of the University and University
officials, and they are expected
to observe the standards of con-
duct approved by the University.
Section 8.07 of the Bylaws of
the Board of Regents. Financial
Obligations of Students. Proper
observance of financial obliga-
tion is deemed an essential of
good conduct and students who
are guilty of laxness in this re-
gard to a degree incompatible
with the general standards of
conduct as set forth in Section
phasizes the mediation and coun-
seloring role rather than the dis-
ciplinary role. Disciplinary action
against a student is never taken
lightly or summarily, nor in any
preemptory fashion and should
not be used to intimidate a stu-
dent who has a legitimate griev-
ance.
THIS POSITION has most re-
cently been articulated in the Re-
port of the President's Commis-
sion on Off Campus Housing
(p. 55):
The Commission does not con-
strue these sections to require or
even suggest that the University
should serve as a collection
agent in connection with the
financial and business under-
takings of its students with pri-
vate parties, but to require and
permit the University to consider
gross disregard by a student of
his financial obligations as Uni-
versity misconduct and subject
to suitable disciplinary action.
-William L. Steude
Director of Student-
Community Relations
Enlightened T hought
To the Editor:
IT SEEMS that everyone writes
to you complaining about some-
thing. Well, this is where my let-
rites on
day. What with studying, there is
little time to hunt through a large
paper to find out the news. With
The Daily a person is able to come
back from class and read the en-
tire paper in an hour break. If
after that time, he wants to read
more on a particular item, then
he can always go down to his
lounge and grab the News or Free
Press or a news magazine.
Through The Daily, he is kept
informed on campus news so that
he has no excuse for missing any-
thing important on campus. If he
is interested in a particular play
or movie, yet doesn't know wheth-
er its worth going to see, he is
able to check The Daily to find
out its plot and value.
I have read other college papers
and The Daily seems one of the
best.
THANKS for an interesting
year from an admiring reader.
-Thomas Hetherman, '69
Sociology 345
To the Editor:
THE MANY STUDENTS who
have inquired may now be in-
formed -that Sociology 345 "Mar-
riage and Family Relations in
American Society," will be offered
in the Fall Term (although cer-
tain changes in format are still
being worked out). Since the
course was not available for pre-
(aU'
Rules
classification, enrollment for the
six sections is expected to take
place at the Sociology desk in the
gym during the registration period
for the Fall Term.
-Robert 0. Blood, Jr.
Associate Professor of
Sociology
Moratorium
To the Editor:
WITH REGARD to the Jews,
Arabs, Turks, Greeks, French,
Chinese, Russians, Americans, etc.,
may I humbly suggest that no one
die for nationalism for one year?
Just a suggestion.
--George Abbott White, '66
4v
d'
Schutze:Playground Therapy
RELIABLE SOURCES indicate
that the Teaching Fellows Un-
ion will be headed off with a play-
ground. Numerous graduate fel-
lows have expressed dissatisfaction
and even anger with the union
movement, explaining that such
agitation can only lessen the al-
ready fading dignity of their of-
fice at the same time, University
administrators are rumored to be
them off the streets of reality.
Academic Liberalism just isn't de-
signed for extra-parlorial exist-
ence. They'll dirty the whole phi-
losophy if they insist on dragging
it around outdoors like this."
Teaching fellows sympathetic
to the union, however, feel that
occasional confrontations with the
real world are somehow healthy.
They insist that good can be de-
rived from positive action..
ism like that will only result In
all of us being imprisoned. I'm all
for unions in the right place.
Unions are for factory workers
and doctors and lawyers and
plumbers: you know REAL people.
I just hope the University can do
something to stop all this before
anarchy sets in."
Informed sources say that the
University is indeed examining
plans for a Teaching Fellows Play-
o',r,,ii, whe~ ~re gradate 1felflowswill
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