WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 9, 1961
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
PAGE
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 9,1967 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAGE
*Race
By WILLIAM L. RYAN
Associated Press Special Correspondent
Race violence in United States
cities has delivered a stinging
blow to American prestige in the
world. American sources admit
that damage has been done, but
say it could have been worse.
Even among friends there was
a tendency to link the race trou-
bles to United States involvement
in Vietnam and to comment that
a nation unable to preserve peace
at home hardly could expect to
do so 10,000 miles away.
Enemies of the American sys-
tem pounced on the eruptions as
unexpected gifts to their propa-
ganda. The more extreme, follow-
ing Red China's line, professed to
regard the outbursts as heralding
the downfall of United States
democracy.
An Associated Press survey in-
dicates that the race violence,
coupled with United States prob-
lems in coping with Communist
guerrilla war in Vietnam, has had
Violence Hurts American Prestige Abroad
an eroding effect on the United
States image. The extent of the
damage depends on the area. It
is pronounced in the Middle East
and Africa, less noticeable in the
advanced countries such as Japan
and those of Western Europe.
Communist Chinese reactions
left the reader with the impres-
sions Peking would like to con-
tribute to and even direct United
States racial violence. Fidel Cas-
tro's Communist followers in Lat-
in America made similar noises.
'Shame of America'
Moscow propaganda had a
field day with news accounts, pic-
tures, cartoons and pronouncedly
hostile comment, typified by
Izvestia's unusually long front-
page editorial recently, entitled
"Shame of America."
"In Vietnam," it began, "vil-
lages and towns are burning. In
America, Negro ghettos are burn-
ing." It went on to link the two
situations, calling both struggles
for "liberation."
In non-Communist countries
normally friendly to the United
States there are frequent expres-
sions of sympathy for America's
problems and attempts to fathom
the root causes. There is obvious
puzzlement and fear of contagion.
But many a friend is sharply cri-
tical, too.
Europe watched United States
developments uncomfortably.
In France, amid evidence of
concern and puzzlement, there
was a hint of gloating among
those remembering France's san-
guinary troubles with Algerians.
Some French remarked that Ame-
ricans bomb Vietnam in the name
of liberty but cannot assure lib-
erty in their own cities. Others
expressed fear that United States
tensions would inspire trouble for
France. The French import large
numbers of colored laborers whose
communities are potentially ex-
plosive.
Britain eyes the situation war-
ily. The British, too, have been
having race troubles. The most
prevalent 'British viewpoint was
that both Vietnam and America's
race problems had gotten out of
hand. Remembering their own
difficulties, the British often took
the view that people in glass
houses should avoid throwing
stones.
West Germans expressed sym-
pathy for the United States. But
Germans criticized United States
authorities as well as the rioters,
basing the criticism on the reali-
ties of Negro life amid United
States affluence.
'U.S. Imperialism'
In the Middle East, Egypt's
propaganda machine treated the
story as a boon. Already in full
cry against "United States imper-
ialism"-accused by Arabs of aid-
ing Israel in the recent war-
C a i r o propaganda represented
Negro rioting as the result of sav-
age American attempts to oppress
all underdeveloped people. West-
ern diplomats say the violence
badly damaged the United States
image in the Arab East, already
willing to believe the worst about
America.
"The racist fever which has
struck the United States is not
confined to its own members,"
said the authoritative newspaper
Al Ahram. "The current American
policy against countries of the
third world is governed by this
racist fever. . . . The Arabs in
the eyes of the United States
rulers are but colored people who
have no right to enjoy the wealth
of their countries or reap the
benefits."
Americans in Africa express
concern about the harm done to
the United States image there. If
Nigeria is a barometer, there has
been a strong anti-American re-
action. A recent full-page Lagos
Daily Times article quoted Ken-
neth Brown, American Negro lec-
turer at Lagos University, as say-
ing "every American is brain-
washed into doubting that the
Negro is equal in any way to
white people."
Among nonwhite people of non-
Communist Asia, the impact
seemed less than what might have
been expected.
United States Embassy sources
in Japan credited Japanese news-
men in the United States with a
good job of backgrounding the
roots of the United States racial
situation. At the same time, there
seemed a lack of major public
interest. This was reflected in a
compilation of July letters to the
mass circulation Asahi Shimbun.
Among more than 3,000, not one
discussed United States racial
violence.
In Singapore and Malaysia,
while comment was mostly re-
strained amid bannner headline
play, the newspapers in the Chi-
nese, Malay and Indian languages
all blamed the rioting on discrimi-
nation in the United States.
Although some sources have re-
ported rising anti-Americanism in
the Philippines, Communist prop-
aganda use of the United States
situation seemed to have small
effect. The reaction appearing on
the surface was one of shock and
sorrow. The Manila Daily Mirror
noted that while Vietnam was not
a forefront factor in the United
States racial crisis now, it might
reach that stage, and "the impli-
cations of civil disobedience by
blacks over the question of mili-
tary service are frightful to con-
template."
'America Aflame'
In Communist Eastern Europe,
the hardest criticism came from
East Germany, Bulgaria and Hun-
gary, heavily pounding on Mos-
cow themes of "liberation" strug-
gle, police barbarity and ruthless
terror. But Czechoslovakia in
August moved the situation to
back pages and comment was
sparse. Romania failed to join the
chorus of harsh condemnation.
In Poland, the official press
made heavy use of headlines like:
"America Aflame" and "Black
Storm over U.S.A." But among
the public, much of it pro-
American, there was puzzlement
and sorrow. A typical comment
from one Warsaw citizen: "What
the hell do those Negroes want?
Isn't it enough for them to live
in the United States?"
Apart from Communists, Latin
America's reaction in many areas
was one of embarrassment and
puzzlement, but United States
sources conceded the American
image had been hurt.
Fidel Castro's followers moved
to make the most of it in the
hemisphere. Castro has been hold-
ing a Latin-American "solidarity"
congress of extreme, violence-
seeking leftists. Among those at-
tending was Stokely Carmichael,
the American Black Power advo-
cate. To the cheers of the extrem-
ists, Carmichael said in a speech
that "it is obvious that guerrilla
warfare must begin" in the United
States.
Thieu Asks' More
Troops
Despite Pla ned I crease
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Allied Forces' Major
Tracking Operations
Meet Little Success
SAIGON (A)-Despite plans to
add at least 110,000 United States
and South Vietnamese men to
the 1.2 million in the allied armed
forces, Chief of State Nguyen Van
Thieu said yesterday more allied
troops are needed to win the war.
He didn't say exactly how many.
"If we have more troops we can
shorten the war," Thieu told
newsmen while, if troop strength
is not increased, "we will lose
again what we have captured
from the Viet Cong."
Of the 45,000 to 50,000 United
States servicemen President John-
son is committing to Vietnam by
next June 30, Thieu said: "We
have to accept that. But if we
have more it's better. Any mili-
tary man would like to have more
troops."
The lieutenant general who
heads South Vietnam's military
government spoke at a news con-
ference in Saigon as a candidate
for president in the Sept. 3 na-.
tional election. Premier Nguyen
Cao Ky, his running mate, ap-
peared with him.
65,000 Vietnamese
Their regime has launched
plans to add 65,000 men to South
Vietnam's armed forces, which
now have about 650,000. Rolls of
the five other allies in Vietnam
total 54,000. Thieu's remarks may
have been intended primarily for
these nations - Australia, New
Zealand, Thailand, South Korea
and the Philippines.
Afield, the ground war relapsed
after scattered flareups Monday.
Allied task forces involved in 35
major operations met little suc-
cess in tracking down the enemy.
United States fighter-bomber
squadrons, flying in spotty weath-
er conditions, carried the air of-
fensive against North Vietnam in-
to its 31st month.
Pilots mounted 167 missions
over the north Monday and,
among other things, reported de-
stroying four barracks, two am-
munition storage buildings and a
motor pool at the Loi Dong stor-
age area, four miles northwest of
the port of Haiphong.
Phantom Shot Down
Cloudy weather limited most of
the strikes to the southern pan-
handle.
Communist gunners shot down
a United States Air Force F4C
Phantom. Both its crewmen are
listed as missing. The Phantom
was the 638th United States com-
bat plane reported lost over North
Vietnam and the 38th during the
intensified operations of the last
month.
A United States Beret Special
Forces team and South Vietna-
mese irregulars who beat off a
heavy attack by North Vietna-
mese regulars Monday on their
camp at Tong Le Chou counted
116 enemy dead on, the field.
Among captured enemy arms were
four machine guns.
-Associated Press
THE 105 MM HOWITZER manned by these United States troops must fight rust as well as the
Viet Cong in the central highlands of South Vietnam. Monsoon rains are turning bases into bogs
where rice rather than soldiers can thrive. This position is at Dak To, near the Laotian border.
South Vietnamese May Request
End to U.S. Bombing of North
Republicans
Change LBJ
Crime Bill
WASHINGTON (.I') - Recent
urban rioting loomed large yes-
terday as House Republicans re-I
wrote most of President Johnson'sr
bill to fight crime by taking keyI
authority from the attorney gen-r
eral and giving it to the states.
Antiriot provisions, and an extraq
$25 million to train local policeI
for riot control, were inserted as
virtually the entire bill was re-I
written before the House passedb
it and sent it on to the Senate.r
The roll call vote on final pass-
age was 37 to 23.
Barrage of Rhetoric
Congressmen aimed a barragef
of rhetoric at a band of NegroesE
whose protest disrupted the Houser
Monday, at the court which re-
leased those arrested on $10 bond
and at allegedly poor congres-
sional security measures.
The demonstrators, about 95 in
all, were ejected from the House
galleries by police after a scream-
ing, fist-flying brawl during
which six persons were, arrested'
and seven slightly injured.
The House has refused to con-
sider a two-year, $40-million rat
control bill for the nation's big
cities.
"Are we going to wake up when
some of these buzzards drop a
Molotov cocktail in this cham-
ber?" asked Rep. L. Mendel Rivers
(D-SC). "The House is not pro-
tected."
Rep. Andrew Jacobs Jr. (D-
Ind) urged a plastic shield be in-
stalled between the gallery and
the House floor to protect con-
gressmen.
Democrats Win One
A series of nonrecord votes
brought one victory after another
on the crime bill for a coalition
of Republicans and Southern
Democrats as an apparently
dispirited Democratic leadership
looked on. Late in the day, Demo-
cratic leaders finally rallied their
forces and won one test.
This was a 111-108 vote against
a proposal by Rep. Clark Mac-
Gregor (R-Minn) who wanted to
bring the $50 million measure up
to $90 million, rather than to the
$75 million level proposed by Rep.
J a m e s G. O'Hara (D-Mich).
O'Hara's amendment then carried
on a voice vote.
The bill's major revision came
when the House voted for an
amendment offered by Rep. Wil-
liam T. Cahill (R-NJ) to turn
over the bulk of the funds to the
states, provided they put together
a comprehensive plan to fight
crime.
The administration bill by-
passed the states and would give
Atty. Gen. Ramsey Clark the
authority to pass out the funds
on the basis of applications by
local governments, and states.
DETROIT (P)--The United Auto
Workers, replying to company de-t
mands for an adjustment of the
labor contract's cost-of-living for-s
mula, yesterday announced it hast
called for a strike vote of nearlyt
400,000 union members at Generalf
Motors Corp.C
The vote, scheduled for thef
week of Aug. 20 at GM locals, willt
be the first such vote by unionr
members since negotiations beganc
July 10.-
"Only by rallying our ranks canf
we bring GM executives back toz
the world of reality," wrote Leon-
ard Woodcock in a letter to lead-
ers of union locals. Woodcock is a.
union vice president and head of
the UAW's General Motors De-
partment.
Cost-of-Living
Woodcock put heavy emphasis
in the letter on the company's de-
mands for an adjustment of the
cost-of-living provisions of the
contract,
UAW contracts covering 750,000
workers at GM, Ford and Chrysler
expire Sept. 6.
Woodcock charged that the com-
pany was asking workers to "pay
back the 18 cents on hour earned
as cost-of-living protection during
term of the present agreement."
He said this would take $374.40
from every hourly rated worker
at GM.
GM announced last Thursday it
would ask the union for some ad-
justment in the cost-of-living pro-
gram.
Walter P. Reuther, UAW presi-
dent, has said repeatedly he will
alow "no tampering" with the
program.
18 Cents an Hour
Workers have drawn wage in-
creases totaling 18 cents on hour
since 1964 under the program,
which adds or subtracts a penny
an hour every quarter for each .4
or down movement in the con-
sumer price index of the Bureau
of Labor Statistics, United States
Department of Labor.
There has been no downturn in
the index in recent years, and the
bureau says the average auto
worker now earns $3.41 an hour.
Louis G. Seaton, vice president
of personnel for GM, would not
elaborate last Thursday on the
type of changes sought by the
company. He said, however, the
type of cost-of-living formula "is
a matter for collective bargaining,
not a unilateral matter as Mr.
Reuther aparently wants it to
be."
'Catch Them Up'
Seaton has said several times
that the company should get
credit for raises provided by the
cost-of-living formula. New con-
tracts won by electrical and rub-
ber workers merely "catch them
up" with what auto workers have
been getting all along, Seaton said.
"Our answer to General Motors,
said Woodcock, has been and has
to be that we will not change the
basic principle of cost-of-living
protection but that we insist on
modernizing it so it protects the
full purchasing power of the nego-
tiated wage," he said. Other de-
mands stressed by Woodcock in-
cluded "a substantial wage in-
crease for all," a wage inequity
fund and elimination of the Ca-
nadian wage gap.
Woodcock said the company's
demands would cost union mem-
bers a total of $150 million.
A union spokesman said the re-
sults of the strike vote would be
known Aug. 25.
The UAW's Ford and Chrysler
AUTO NEGOTIATIONS:
GM Demands Contract Change;
UAW Sets Strike Vote Aug. 20
Rockefeller To Hold
Conference on Riots
ALBANY, N.Y. WP)-Gov. Nelson
A. Rockefeller, citing an urgent
need to "preserve law and order"
in the nation's slum areas, has
called a governors' meeting to
find ways to halt racial out-
breaks.
Having failed to win a special
meeting of the National Gover-
nors Conference, Rockefeller's of-
fice said, he acted as chairman of
the Policy Committee of the Re-
publican Governors Association.
By last night, seven Republican
governors had indicated they
would join Rockefeller at the
meeting in New York City tomor-
row.
They were Michigan's George
W. Romney, Colorado's John A.
Love, Maryland's Spiro T. Agnew,
Rhode Island's John H. Chafee,
Pennsylvania's Raymond P. Shaf-
er, Massachusetts' John A. Volpe
and South Dakota's Nile A. Roe.
Rockefeller talked by telephone
last Wednesday with Love, the
association chairman, and then
sent invitations asserting that
"time is of the essence in terms
of both effective action to pre-
serve law and order and effective
action to strike at the basic
causes of human deprivation in
the slum areas of our nation."
Rockefeller also sent each com-
mittee member a draft of what
his office described a$ an "action
program for meeting the urgent
problems of the nation's urban
centers." The spokesman said it
suggested state-level action in
such fields as housing, employ-
ment, education and crime
control.
departments have not set dates
for strike votes, but are expected
to do so soon. In 1964 strike votes
were taken about the same time
among all UAW members.
In Monday's negotiations with
the Ford Motor Co., the union's
demand for profit sharing ran into
a wall of opposition.
Ford dusted off an old answer
to the UAW demand: "No."
Ford followed the lead of Gen-
eral Motors, which last month
voiced strong opposition to the
profit-sharing plan.
The union Monday presented a
position paper on the demand.
In the paper, the reaction of
Ernest R. Breech, former Ford
board chairman, to a 1958 profit-
sharing proposal was quoted ex-
tensively.
SAIGON (M)-Advocates of a
halt in the U.S. bombing of North
Vietnam may eventually be joined
by Chief of State Nguyen Van
Thieu.
A candidate for president and
aparently the front-runner in the
campaign leading to the national
election Sept. 3, Thieu said yester-
day one of the first things he will
do if he wins is to try to get
Hanoi to the conference table.
He will even ask the United
States to halt the raids on the
north, he told a news conference,
"if I decide that Hanoi will re-
spond to a good gesture-to a
pause in the bombing."
In Washington, State Depart-
ment spokesman Robert J. Mc-
Closkey said the United States
favors direct talks between South
and North Vietnam and has not
ruled out a cessation of the Unit-
ed States bombing of North Viet-
nam.
Earlier in the day nine of
Thieu's civilian opponents in the
presidential race drafted a letter
to him and to Premier Nguyen Cao
Ky, his running mate, demanding
that the government take full re-
sponsibility for an incident that
has become the cause celebre of
the civilian candidates.
The "Dong Ha incident," as it is
World News Roundup
called, occurred last Sunday when
a mixup in arrangements caused
the civilians to cancel their cam-
paign appearances in Quang Tri,
capital of northernmost Quang Tri
Province, after they had flown 425
miles from Saigon.
With 1,000 persons waiting at a
school for them, the candidates
decided the government had
slighted them by not meeting
them at the airport and they re-
turned in a huff to Saigon.
Government officials explained
the candidates' government-sup-
plied planes were forced by high
winds to land at an alternate air-
port and that by the time the wel-
coming committee had moved
from one airport to the other, the
candidates already had left.
The letter threatened that the
candidates would take "appropri-
ate measures" if the government
did not take full responsibility for
the incident. That might be a hint
that some would pull out of the
race in an effort to embarrass
Thieu and Ky.
The first national convention of
a newly formed political bloc, the
Toan Viet-All Vietnam-began in
Saigon.
The bloc, which has the poten-
tial of becoming the most power-
ful in South Vietnam, could con-
trol about one million votes if the
various factions it represents can
cement themselves together, polit-
ical analysts said. There are 5.4
million registered voters in South
Vietnam.
A majority of the members leans
toward suport of Thieu and Ky.
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON-The Pentagon
isued a call today for the drafting
of 17,000 men in October, the
lowest in six months.
August's call was 29,000 and
September's 25,000. The 17,000 are
all for the Army.
TOKYO-Marking the first an-
niversary of the start of Mao Tse-
tung's purge, the official voice of
Red China claimed Tuesday that
M a o's revolutionaries "h a v e
smashed the frenzied counterat-
tacks" of his foes and "exposed
and defeated the bourgeois head-
quarters hidden within the party."
* * *
JACKSON, Miss.-Voters turned
out in record numbers Tuesday in
the climax of a personality-dom-
inated campaign to choose the
Democratic nominee for governor.
Although all five active candi-
dates labeled themselves segrega-
tionist, unprecedented Negro re-
sponse was reported at polling
places across the state.
TEL AVIV, Israel- Israel sec-
urity forces have arrested "several
score" alleged terrorists in the oc-
cupied west bank region of Jordan
in the last three days, officials an-
nounced Tuesday.
As a result of interrogation of
,the detained men and the study
of captured Jordaniandintelligence
documents, more arrests are ex-
pected, the announcement said.
* * *
WASHINGTON - Some 76.2
million Americans were working
in July, more than ever before
in the United States, the Labor
Department reported yesterday.
At the same time, some 3.25
million Americans in the civilian
labor force were unemployed.
THIS WEEK ONLY!
iii
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4110,.
a rollicking musical satire
set in the Colorado Rockies
Wednesday-Saturday
k August 9-12
8 P.M.
Sunday, August 13
7 P.M. !
A$
-on
.Mr l.
PETITION
NOW
for membership
on the
CINEMA II
BOARD OF
DIRECTORS
The ability to write
pretentious program
notes will be considered
I
I
CINEMA II
presents
THE
FLIGHT
OF THE
PHOENIX
(1965)
JAMES STEWART
HARDY KRUGER
PETER FINCH
RICHARD
I
UNCLE RUSS PRESENTS
LIVE... FROM SAN FRANCISCO
THE GRATEFUL
I I
,1
I'
.
I
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