WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 9, 1961 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAGE WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 9,1967 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAGE *Race By WILLIAM L. RYAN Associated Press Special Correspondent Race violence in United States cities has delivered a stinging blow to American prestige in the world. American sources admit that damage has been done, but say it could have been worse. Even among friends there was a tendency to link the race trou- bles to United States involvement in Vietnam and to comment that a nation unable to preserve peace at home hardly could expect to do so 10,000 miles away. Enemies of the American sys- tem pounced on the eruptions as unexpected gifts to their propa- ganda. The more extreme, follow- ing Red China's line, professed to regard the outbursts as heralding the downfall of United States democracy. An Associated Press survey in- dicates that the race violence, coupled with United States prob- lems in coping with Communist guerrilla war in Vietnam, has had Violence Hurts American Prestige Abroad an eroding effect on the United States image. The extent of the damage depends on the area. It is pronounced in the Middle East and Africa, less noticeable in the advanced countries such as Japan and those of Western Europe. Communist Chinese reactions left the reader with the impres- sions Peking would like to con- tribute to and even direct United States racial violence. Fidel Cas- tro's Communist followers in Lat- in America made similar noises. 'Shame of America' Moscow propaganda had a field day with news accounts, pic- tures, cartoons and pronouncedly hostile comment, typified by Izvestia's unusually long front- page editorial recently, entitled "Shame of America." "In Vietnam," it began, "vil- lages and towns are burning. In America, Negro ghettos are burn- ing." It went on to link the two situations, calling both struggles for "liberation." In non-Communist countries normally friendly to the United States there are frequent expres- sions of sympathy for America's problems and attempts to fathom the root causes. There is obvious puzzlement and fear of contagion. But many a friend is sharply cri- tical, too. Europe watched United States developments uncomfortably. In France, amid evidence of concern and puzzlement, there was a hint of gloating among those remembering France's san- guinary troubles with Algerians. Some French remarked that Ame- ricans bomb Vietnam in the name of liberty but cannot assure lib- erty in their own cities. Others expressed fear that United States tensions would inspire trouble for France. The French import large numbers of colored laborers whose communities are potentially ex- plosive. Britain eyes the situation war- ily. The British, too, have been having race troubles. The most prevalent 'British viewpoint was that both Vietnam and America's race problems had gotten out of hand. Remembering their own difficulties, the British often took the view that people in glass houses should avoid throwing stones. West Germans expressed sym- pathy for the United States. But Germans criticized United States authorities as well as the rioters, basing the criticism on the reali- ties of Negro life amid United States affluence. 'U.S. Imperialism' In the Middle East, Egypt's propaganda machine treated the story as a boon. Already in full cry against "United States imper- ialism"-accused by Arabs of aid- ing Israel in the recent war- C a i r o propaganda represented Negro rioting as the result of sav- age American attempts to oppress all underdeveloped people. West- ern diplomats say the violence badly damaged the United States image in the Arab East, already willing to believe the worst about America. "The racist fever which has struck the United States is not confined to its own members," said the authoritative newspaper Al Ahram. "The current American policy against countries of the third world is governed by this racist fever. . . . The Arabs in the eyes of the United States rulers are but colored people who have no right to enjoy the wealth of their countries or reap the benefits." Americans in Africa express concern about the harm done to the United States image there. If Nigeria is a barometer, there has been a strong anti-American re- action. A recent full-page Lagos Daily Times article quoted Ken- neth Brown, American Negro lec- turer at Lagos University, as say- ing "every American is brain- washed into doubting that the Negro is equal in any way to white people." Among nonwhite people of non- Communist Asia, the impact seemed less than what might have been expected. United States Embassy sources in Japan credited Japanese news- men in the United States with a good job of backgrounding the roots of the United States racial situation. At the same time, there seemed a lack of major public interest. This was reflected in a compilation of July letters to the mass circulation Asahi Shimbun. Among more than 3,000, not one discussed United States racial violence. In Singapore and Malaysia, while comment was mostly re- strained amid bannner headline play, the newspapers in the Chi- nese, Malay and Indian languages all blamed the rioting on discrimi- nation in the United States. Although some sources have re- ported rising anti-Americanism in the Philippines, Communist prop- aganda use of the United States situation seemed to have small effect. The reaction appearing on the surface was one of shock and sorrow. The Manila Daily Mirror noted that while Vietnam was not a forefront factor in the United States racial crisis now, it might reach that stage, and "the impli- cations of civil disobedience by blacks over the question of mili- tary service are frightful to con- template." 'America Aflame' In Communist Eastern Europe, the hardest criticism came from East Germany, Bulgaria and Hun- gary, heavily pounding on Mos- cow themes of "liberation" strug- gle, police barbarity and ruthless terror. But Czechoslovakia in August moved the situation to back pages and comment was sparse. Romania failed to join the chorus of harsh condemnation. In Poland, the official press made heavy use of headlines like: "America Aflame" and "Black Storm over U.S.A." But among the public, much of it pro- American, there was puzzlement and sorrow. A typical comment from one Warsaw citizen: "What the hell do those Negroes want? Isn't it enough for them to live in the United States?" Apart from Communists, Latin America's reaction in many areas was one of embarrassment and puzzlement, but United States sources conceded the American image had been hurt. Fidel Castro's followers moved to make the most of it in the hemisphere. Castro has been hold- ing a Latin-American "solidarity" congress of extreme, violence- seeking leftists. Among those at- tending was Stokely Carmichael, the American Black Power advo- cate. To the cheers of the extrem- ists, Carmichael said in a speech that "it is obvious that guerrilla warfare must begin" in the United States. Thieu Asks' More Troops Despite Pla ned I crease fR} T°. v: '}Y" r "r +°"vx-rss,° Y<: " ?}: i; :?.;;sf :::"s: s x{:$ ::r "v irA4 ?' ".}?:}4;1 ..r:4 ".: .. ": : ^.{..:1," .. :..;. r x fr.v .?%.1r, r.r. .. r. .. r... .... 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": ti4::: rrr'?":{.}' ...£: : s ::."r: ..r. r:: £ --. '' i :" " x :v+c.. Y ..rr........ r: .........:............... :...... Allied Forces' Major Tracking Operations Meet Little Success SAIGON (A)-Despite plans to add at least 110,000 United States and South Vietnamese men to the 1.2 million in the allied armed forces, Chief of State Nguyen Van Thieu said yesterday more allied troops are needed to win the war. He didn't say exactly how many. "If we have more troops we can shorten the war," Thieu told newsmen while, if troop strength is not increased, "we will lose again what we have captured from the Viet Cong." Of the 45,000 to 50,000 United States servicemen President John- son is committing to Vietnam by next June 30, Thieu said: "We have to accept that. But if we have more it's better. Any mili- tary man would like to have more troops." The lieutenant general who heads South Vietnam's military government spoke at a news con- ference in Saigon as a candidate for president in the Sept. 3 na-. tional election. Premier Nguyen Cao Ky, his running mate, ap- peared with him. 65,000 Vietnamese Their regime has launched plans to add 65,000 men to South Vietnam's armed forces, which now have about 650,000. Rolls of the five other allies in Vietnam total 54,000. Thieu's remarks may have been intended primarily for these nations - Australia, New Zealand, Thailand, South Korea and the Philippines. Afield, the ground war relapsed after scattered flareups Monday. Allied task forces involved in 35 major operations met little suc- cess in tracking down the enemy. United States fighter-bomber squadrons, flying in spotty weath- er conditions, carried the air of- fensive against North Vietnam in- to its 31st month. Pilots mounted 167 missions over the north Monday and, among other things, reported de- stroying four barracks, two am- munition storage buildings and a motor pool at the Loi Dong stor- age area, four miles northwest of the port of Haiphong. Phantom Shot Down Cloudy weather limited most of the strikes to the southern pan- handle. Communist gunners shot down a United States Air Force F4C Phantom. Both its crewmen are listed as missing. The Phantom was the 638th United States com- bat plane reported lost over North Vietnam and the 38th during the intensified operations of the last month. A United States Beret Special Forces team and South Vietna- mese irregulars who beat off a heavy attack by North Vietna- mese regulars Monday on their camp at Tong Le Chou counted 116 enemy dead on, the field. Among captured enemy arms were four machine guns. -Associated Press THE 105 MM HOWITZER manned by these United States troops must fight rust as well as the Viet Cong in the central highlands of South Vietnam. Monsoon rains are turning bases into bogs where rice rather than soldiers can thrive. This position is at Dak To, near the Laotian border. South Vietnamese May Request End to U.S. Bombing of North Republicans Change LBJ Crime Bill WASHINGTON (.I') - Recent urban rioting loomed large yes- terday as House Republicans re-I wrote most of President Johnson'sr bill to fight crime by taking keyI authority from the attorney gen-r eral and giving it to the states. Antiriot provisions, and an extraq $25 million to train local policeI for riot control, were inserted as virtually the entire bill was re-I written before the House passedb it and sent it on to the Senate.r The roll call vote on final pass- age was 37 to 23. Barrage of Rhetoric Congressmen aimed a barragef of rhetoric at a band of NegroesE whose protest disrupted the Houser Monday, at the court which re- leased those arrested on $10 bond and at allegedly poor congres- sional security measures. The demonstrators, about 95 in all, were ejected from the House galleries by police after a scream- ing, fist-flying brawl during which six persons were, arrested' and seven slightly injured. The House has refused to con- sider a two-year, $40-million rat control bill for the nation's big cities. "Are we going to wake up when some of these buzzards drop a Molotov cocktail in this cham- ber?" asked Rep. L. Mendel Rivers (D-SC). "The House is not pro- tected." Rep. Andrew Jacobs Jr. (D- Ind) urged a plastic shield be in- stalled between the gallery and the House floor to protect con- gressmen. Democrats Win One A series of nonrecord votes brought one victory after another on the crime bill for a coalition of Republicans and Southern Democrats as an apparently dispirited Democratic leadership looked on. Late in the day, Demo- cratic leaders finally rallied their forces and won one test. This was a 111-108 vote against a proposal by Rep. Clark Mac- Gregor (R-Minn) who wanted to bring the $50 million measure up to $90 million, rather than to the $75 million level proposed by Rep. J a m e s G. O'Hara (D-Mich). O'Hara's amendment then carried on a voice vote. The bill's major revision came when the House voted for an amendment offered by Rep. Wil- liam T. Cahill (R-NJ) to turn over the bulk of the funds to the states, provided they put together a comprehensive plan to fight crime. The administration bill by- passed the states and would give Atty. Gen. Ramsey Clark the authority to pass out the funds on the basis of applications by local governments, and states. DETROIT (P)--The United Auto Workers, replying to company de-t mands for an adjustment of the labor contract's cost-of-living for-s mula, yesterday announced it hast called for a strike vote of nearlyt 400,000 union members at Generalf Motors Corp.C The vote, scheduled for thef week of Aug. 20 at GM locals, willt be the first such vote by unionr members since negotiations beganc July 10.- "Only by rallying our ranks canf we bring GM executives back toz the world of reality," wrote Leon- ard Woodcock in a letter to lead- ers of union locals. Woodcock is a. union vice president and head of the UAW's General Motors De- partment. Cost-of-Living Woodcock put heavy emphasis in the letter on the company's de- mands for an adjustment of the cost-of-living provisions of the contract, UAW contracts covering 750,000 workers at GM, Ford and Chrysler expire Sept. 6. Woodcock charged that the com- pany was asking workers to "pay back the 18 cents on hour earned as cost-of-living protection during term of the present agreement." He said this would take $374.40 from every hourly rated worker at GM. GM announced last Thursday it would ask the union for some ad- justment in the cost-of-living pro- gram. Walter P. Reuther, UAW presi- dent, has said repeatedly he will alow "no tampering" with the program. 18 Cents an Hour Workers have drawn wage in- creases totaling 18 cents on hour since 1964 under the program, which adds or subtracts a penny an hour every quarter for each .4 or down movement in the con- sumer price index of the Bureau of Labor Statistics, United States Department of Labor. There has been no downturn in the index in recent years, and the bureau says the average auto worker now earns $3.41 an hour. Louis G. Seaton, vice president of personnel for GM, would not elaborate last Thursday on the type of changes sought by the company. He said, however, the type of cost-of-living formula "is a matter for collective bargaining, not a unilateral matter as Mr. Reuther aparently wants it to be." 'Catch Them Up' Seaton has said several times that the company should get credit for raises provided by the cost-of-living formula. New con- tracts won by electrical and rub- ber workers merely "catch them up" with what auto workers have been getting all along, Seaton said. "Our answer to General Motors, said Woodcock, has been and has to be that we will not change the basic principle of cost-of-living protection but that we insist on modernizing it so it protects the full purchasing power of the nego- tiated wage," he said. Other de- mands stressed by Woodcock in- cluded "a substantial wage in- crease for all," a wage inequity fund and elimination of the Ca- nadian wage gap. Woodcock said the company's demands would cost union mem- bers a total of $150 million. A union spokesman said the re- sults of the strike vote would be known Aug. 25. The UAW's Ford and Chrysler AUTO NEGOTIATIONS: GM Demands Contract Change; UAW Sets Strike Vote Aug. 20 Rockefeller To Hold Conference on Riots ALBANY, N.Y. WP)-Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller, citing an urgent need to "preserve law and order" in the nation's slum areas, has called a governors' meeting to find ways to halt racial out- breaks. Having failed to win a special meeting of the National Gover- nors Conference, Rockefeller's of- fice said, he acted as chairman of the Policy Committee of the Re- publican Governors Association. By last night, seven Republican governors had indicated they would join Rockefeller at the meeting in New York City tomor- row. They were Michigan's George W. Romney, Colorado's John A. Love, Maryland's Spiro T. Agnew, Rhode Island's John H. Chafee, Pennsylvania's Raymond P. Shaf- er, Massachusetts' John A. Volpe and South Dakota's Nile A. Roe. Rockefeller talked by telephone last Wednesday with Love, the association chairman, and then sent invitations asserting that "time is of the essence in terms of both effective action to pre- serve law and order and effective action to strike at the basic causes of human deprivation in the slum areas of our nation." Rockefeller also sent each com- mittee member a draft of what his office described a$ an "action program for meeting the urgent problems of the nation's urban centers." The spokesman said it suggested state-level action in such fields as housing, employ- ment, education and crime control. departments have not set dates for strike votes, but are expected to do so soon. In 1964 strike votes were taken about the same time among all UAW members. In Monday's negotiations with the Ford Motor Co., the union's demand for profit sharing ran into a wall of opposition. Ford dusted off an old answer to the UAW demand: "No." Ford followed the lead of Gen- eral Motors, which last month voiced strong opposition to the profit-sharing plan. The union Monday presented a position paper on the demand. In the paper, the reaction of Ernest R. Breech, former Ford board chairman, to a 1958 profit- sharing proposal was quoted ex- tensively. SAIGON (M)-Advocates of a halt in the U.S. bombing of North Vietnam may eventually be joined by Chief of State Nguyen Van Thieu. A candidate for president and aparently the front-runner in the campaign leading to the national election Sept. 3, Thieu said yester- day one of the first things he will do if he wins is to try to get Hanoi to the conference table. He will even ask the United States to halt the raids on the north, he told a news conference, "if I decide that Hanoi will re- spond to a good gesture-to a pause in the bombing." In Washington, State Depart- ment spokesman Robert J. Mc- Closkey said the United States favors direct talks between South and North Vietnam and has not ruled out a cessation of the Unit- ed States bombing of North Viet- nam. Earlier in the day nine of Thieu's civilian opponents in the presidential race drafted a letter to him and to Premier Nguyen Cao Ky, his running mate, demanding that the government take full re- sponsibility for an incident that has become the cause celebre of the civilian candidates. The "Dong Ha incident," as it is World News Roundup called, occurred last Sunday when a mixup in arrangements caused the civilians to cancel their cam- paign appearances in Quang Tri, capital of northernmost Quang Tri Province, after they had flown 425 miles from Saigon. With 1,000 persons waiting at a school for them, the candidates decided the government had slighted them by not meeting them at the airport and they re- turned in a huff to Saigon. Government officials explained the candidates' government-sup- plied planes were forced by high winds to land at an alternate air- port and that by the time the wel- coming committee had moved from one airport to the other, the candidates already had left. The letter threatened that the candidates would take "appropri- ate measures" if the government did not take full responsibility for the incident. That might be a hint that some would pull out of the race in an effort to embarrass Thieu and Ky. The first national convention of a newly formed political bloc, the Toan Viet-All Vietnam-began in Saigon. The bloc, which has the poten- tial of becoming the most power- ful in South Vietnam, could con- trol about one million votes if the various factions it represents can cement themselves together, polit- ical analysts said. There are 5.4 million registered voters in South Vietnam. A majority of the members leans toward suport of Thieu and Ky. By The Associated Press WASHINGTON-The Pentagon isued a call today for the drafting of 17,000 men in October, the lowest in six months. August's call was 29,000 and September's 25,000. The 17,000 are all for the Army. TOKYO-Marking the first an- niversary of the start of Mao Tse- tung's purge, the official voice of Red China claimed Tuesday that M a o's revolutionaries "h a v e smashed the frenzied counterat- tacks" of his foes and "exposed and defeated the bourgeois head- quarters hidden within the party." * * * JACKSON, Miss.-Voters turned out in record numbers Tuesday in the climax of a personality-dom- inated campaign to choose the Democratic nominee for governor. Although all five active candi- dates labeled themselves segrega- tionist, unprecedented Negro re- sponse was reported at polling places across the state. TEL AVIV, Israel- Israel sec- urity forces have arrested "several score" alleged terrorists in the oc- cupied west bank region of Jordan in the last three days, officials an- nounced Tuesday. As a result of interrogation of ,the detained men and the study of captured Jordaniandintelligence documents, more arrests are ex- pected, the announcement said. * * * WASHINGTON - Some 76.2 million Americans were working in July, more than ever before in the United States, the Labor Department reported yesterday. At the same time, some 3.25 million Americans in the civilian labor force were unemployed. THIS WEEK ONLY! iii p - j- Coo fr Sk ao.Bu.. ~" 4110,. a rollicking musical satire set in the Colorado Rockies Wednesday-Saturday k August 9-12 8 P.M. Sunday, August 13 7 P.M. ! A$ -on .Mr l. PETITION NOW for membership on the CINEMA II BOARD OF DIRECTORS The ability to write pretentious program notes will be considered I I CINEMA II presents THE FLIGHT OF THE PHOENIX (1965) JAMES STEWART HARDY KRUGER PETER FINCH RICHARD I UNCLE RUSS PRESENTS LIVE... FROM SAN FRANCISCO THE GRATEFUL I I ,1 I' . I I