Seventy-Third Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSrrY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
"Where Opinions Are Free STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG., ANN ARBOR, MICH., PHONE NO 2-3241
Truth Will Prevail"
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
THURSDAY, JULY 11, 1963 NIGHT EDITOR: H. NEIL BERKSON
Negroes Need Achievement
IIrj rn a -n
T HE REQUIEM=for segregation will soon be-
gin. But the newly gained equality for
Negroes is/ not the pancea for the limbo in
which the Negroes have floated since the Civil
'Var.
The so-called civil rights which they have
won, admittedly through fearless determination,
are only superficial. Presidential declarations
do not create respect, and congressional legis-
lation does not command recognition.
The current civil rigths furor is a three-fold
tragedy. First, it will not achieve its objectives
because it has no stated, clear objectives. Sec-
ond, the energy and courage which the Negroes
have shown in their fight will be wasted be-
cause their victory will be an empty one. Their
victory will be empty because, third, riots, sit-
ins, lacerations of the Constitution and ad-
monitions of violence will achieve integration
of schools, movies, businesses and unions, but
they will not grant the pride of achievement,
for that achievement has yet to be achieved.
T HOSE NEGROES who have the intelligence
and industry to realize that recognition
against them. That they should be so hobbled
must be earned will start with a handicap'
is wrong, but exhortations by the NAACP won't
right that wrong. Because the road of achieve-
ment is strewn with artificial obstacles for
Negroes, the lattet have chosen what they
consider to be a shorter path, that- of the
demonstration and legal suit.
They are trying to reach their ends by ne-
glecting the importance of the means. The
present means have no objective standard. In-
tegrationists press for mixed schools. How
much mixed? 51%. Or 621/%? They want more
Negroes on construction jobs. How many? One
tenth of the total or one fourth? They demand
equal opportunities. How many and where and
with what training? The whites owe the Ne-
G3i 1ILu idLG3U.
groes a debt for 100 years of agony. How much
of a debt? Do all whites owe it? Who is to pay
it? And how must they pay it?
IT IS TRUE that the Negoes should have all
of the above things, but the important thing
is not that they get them, but that they be
given voluntarily by the whites, in return for
achievements which all men can admire. The
goal of the Negro, conscious or subconscious, is
that he achieve equal stature as a man; that
is, if he has achieved something, his work
should be recognized as much as a white man's
and if he is just starting out in life, he wants
to start from the same place as a white man.
However, the forgotten pitfall is that no
government, no court, and no picket can grant
these things. White America refuses to reserve
him a spot at the white starting line in life.
No law or injunction can donate it. The white
will have to grant it volitionally.
Volition is a funny word. It means just what
it reads: by choice. There is only one way the
white man will give the individual Negro the
same chance he would give another white. The
Negro will, for a while, have to accomplish in
spite of the obstacles. Accomplishment does
not mean pickets, riots or declarations. Ac-
complishment means a scalpel, a test tube, a
piece of parchment, a pair of deft hands, a
balanced ledger.
ONCE THE NEGRO possesses this circum-
stantial evidence, all but a very few will
acquit him of a crime for which he should
never have had to be tried: that of inferiority
from color. Once enough Negroes push them-
selves to the forefront of scholarship and busi-
ness, not only will the Negro accomplishments
be recognized as such, but the individual Ne-
gro will start with the same tools which aid the
white man in life.
Perhaps you consider this a gross oversimpli-
fication and ask about the education required
to get ahead in the world. That objection is
meaningless, when one considers the numerous
schools bending over backwards in the North
desirous of helping promising Negroes.
Also, though many sophisticates consider it
trite, there is still the image of Andrew Carne-
gie, Henry Ford and other self-made men. Men
have, and always will, succeed without the
glorious B.A., M.A. or Ph.D.
The Negroes are moving on and on, with
more voting privileges, more open restaurants,
more open movies and yet they are moving
nowhere in terms of recognition as purposeful,
working human beings. It is time to drop the
picket and pick up a book.
-MICHAEL HYMAN
"Oh, He's A Great Anti-Communist -- It's Just That
He Finds The Buddhists Are Easier To Get At"
/ r
--.
x a-
s
-- 'C
ECNTONN
SECOND TO NONE?:
California Un w-orth of Rank
AT LYDIA MENDELSSOHN:
'Seesaw' Opens Here;
Actors, Drama, Score
"TWO FOR the Seesaw," that
well-mixed blessing of a play,
arrived on campus last night in a
well-paced production of the Uni-
versity Players.
This is an exceedingly difficult
play to bring off, since its two
protagonists are the only charac-
ters. To tackle such a technically
difficult production is no easy
assignment for a college cast, and
it is to the credit of Carlton Berry
and \arcia Katz, as well as di-
rector William McGraw, that the
evening was successful.
"Seesaw" is that rarest of mod-
er stage creations:ran attempt to
deal realistically (for the most
part) with the problems of two
individuals, without depending on
a screen of symbols between the
action and the audience. It is a
play which still believes in tender
humor and standard wit, as well
as the more powerful weapons of
cynicism and bite:.
r.
COMPARED, for example, to
t h a t laurel - crowned prodigy,,
"Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf,"
"Seesaw" aisa feather-weight
play; how can Jerry from Ne-
braska compete with the delicious
malice of Albee's Martha and
George? Yet because it leans less
heavily on pyrotechnics, and
works more on the level of con-
ventional drama, "Seesaw" may
ultimately make more sense.
Of course "Seesaw" suffers from
its own kind of fireworks. The
humor that Jerry throws at Gittel
in a constant torrent sometimes
overwhelms even the dramatic
impact of a moment,
Nevertheless, "Two for the See-
saw" holds the distinction of be-
ing a play which manages to fuse
basic elements of the traditional
theatre with a sophisticated mod-
ernism; together, they. make it a
popular, if not great, contribution
to American theatrek.
--Mark Slobin
I
AT THE MICHIGAN:
'Come Blow Your Horn'
Hits Flat Note
"COME BLOW Your Horn," now
at the Michigan Theater, with
Frank Sinatra, Lee J. Cobb and
the expected assortment of new
"talent" and guest appearances,
continues the ceaseless Hollywood
adaptations of alleged Broadway
successes.
While I am totally unfamiliar
with any previous work bearing
the same title, the story has ob-
viously been reamed out, cut here,
padded there, and embellished
with all those sickening little
Americanisms so typical of the
films of Sinatra and Day.
* * *
"COME BLOW Your Horn,"
underneath the glittering facade
of Cadillacs, beautiful women and
flashy clothes, is intended to be
the comicalcrisis in the life of a
Jewish 'industrialist, a manufac-
turer of fake fruit, whose two sons
will not follow in his business with
Kosher faithfulness.
I SAY "intended" because the
best part of tle script, the subtle
humor of the Yiddish dialogue, is
sacrificed in favor of the image
of Mr. happy-go-lucky Sinatra as
the ideal of most of the people
who will take the trouble to see
this film.
Lee J. Cobb, as the frustrated
father, provides the only believ-
able performance. And as for
Sinatra, it's a blessing that he
doesn't try to play anyone but
Sinatra since the limitations on
his dramatic talent are so narrow
now that his scripts .must be writ-
ten carefully within them.
--Donald Davenport
Problem
AN AP DISPATCH from Moscow reports that
Soviet doctors have removed 130 nails and
340 needles from an Armenian woman who
swallowed them in an effort to cure her
nervousness. Although the needles penetrated
her liver and other vital organs she is now
recovering.
According to the Soviet News Agency the
woman was quoted s as having swallowed the
assortment because "evil spirits" told her to.
It is apparant that whether prescribed by
,doctors or by evil spirits the high cost of
tranquilizers is a world-wide problem.
-R. W.
Striking a Balance.
STRIKING A/right balance between quality
and quantity is a problem inherent in any
educational system. The optimum, of course,
is the best kind of education for the biggest
number of young people. But if to make a col-
lege degree available virtually to every Tom,
Dick or Harry means lowering university,
standards to those of a glorified high school,
the society adopting that course is only fooling
itself. To maintain academic levels in institu-
tions of higher learning, there is surely need'
for careful selectivity.
But what shall be the yardstick for setting
a young boy or girl on the road that leads to
a university? Shall it be the I.Q. test (as once
was the vogue in United States high schools) or
thet "eleven plus" examination (as in Britain)?
Taken alone, neither is satisfactory. Before
specializing, the basic requirement of educa-
tion is that children should be taught to think
logically for themselves, to articulate-with
both the spoken and written word-and, when
faced with decisions, to make the one that is
right or wisest. In the earlier years, it is wrong
to set one's sight on producing whiz-kids or
parrot-type memory machines.
THESE OBSERVATIONS are prompted by
the London County Council to drop the
'eleven plus" examinationi as the litmus test
which is supposed, at the age of ten, to sepa-
rate the intellectual sheep from the intellectual
goats. The sheep are protential candidates for
eventual entry to a university; the goats are
hose deemed suitable for nothing more than
vocational training-in euphemistically named
'secondary modern schools." Success or failure
n "eleven plus" has often put inordinate strain
n British families, failure constituting a sort
of social stigma.
The better course is that now proposed by
he London County Council: consultation be-
ween teachers and parents about possible
1igher. education for a boy or girl. Academic
howing during the early teens, and over a
period of two or three years, is a safer guide
Editorial Staff
By MICHAEL HARRAH
Daily Correspondent
CARDIFF -BY-THE - SEA, Cali-
fornia-The pride of the radio
commentators and the politicians
throughout the Golden State is.
the alleged fact that California is
now number one in the nation-
population wise, that is. It is a
phenomenon thatathe pundits
hereabouts never fail to call to
the attention of any who are in-
terested.
"California has come into its
own," asserts a prominent San
Dipgo newscaster. "We are second
to none."
And truly California has become
the modern Cinderella of the Unit-
ed States-from rags to riches in
little more than 100 years, living
proof the Horatio Alger myth
works for entire populations, too.
BUT THE SAD part about Cali-
fornia's. newfound oft-proclaimed
prominence is that, in many ways,
she is unworthy of the position.
Californians are a breed apart.
There is no doubt that this is the
melting pot of the nation and
points beyond, and that fact in
ritself does much to contribute to
the greatness of California.
But unfortunately California too
closely resembles the rich Texan,
who last week was an uncouth
derelict, grubbing for oil in some
hidden valley. Now he has struck
it rich and has money to buy
anything except. the refinement
that must accompany wealth and
prominence.
Personally the good citizens of
California are friendly and cheer-
ful and on the whole quite pleas-
ant; impersonally they -are wholly
devoid of any common decency.
They are rude, malicious and ex-
tremely ill-mannered and pre-
sumptuous.
* * *
PERHAPS THIS sounds like a
dichotomy, but one trait seems to
explain it. Californians are the
most uncertain and insecure
people I have ever encountered.
They are desperately terrified that
their neighbor will trample them
if they hesitate a second. Theirs is
an existence of pushing, shoving
and rushing. Leisurely progress is
intolerable and is met with de-
rision. Everything must be done
with utmost dispatch.
This fearful onslaught is most
noticeable in their driving habits.
The state is ribboned with free-
ways, which are littered with
speeding automobiles at any time
of the day or night. All cars rush
along the road right on the speed
limit, weaving from lane to lane,
jockeying for the best position.
They viciously ram down their
accelerators to cut in and out of
traffic, missing their neighbor's
fender by inches. Their motoring
is freely sprinkled with heated
wards and curses for the driver
who dares to crawl along at 55
in a 65 zone.
Yet if one of these citizens ex-
periences motor trouble on the
Eqtuality
ON JUNE 19 the House of Rep-
resentatives voted to suspend
for the 1964 Presidential and
Vice-Presidential elections Section
315 of the Federal Communica-
tions Act, which provides that if
any candidate for political office
receives broadcast time, his op-
ponents muzst receive equal time.
The Kennedy-Nixon debates of
1960 were -held under a similar
suspension of Section 315. That
earlier bill, however, waived the
equal time provision only for
Presidential debates; the new bill
suspends it entirely, leaving to
the discretion of the broadcasting
industry which candidates will be
heard.
Congressman Ryan (D-NY) of-
fered an amendment which would
have by-passed Section 315 only
under the conditions of 1960 but it
was rejected on the grounds that
it would help third parties. The
126 votes against this pro-network,-
anti-democratic bill were cast by
a curious coalition of those who
care about- the open exchange of
ideas: liberals, Southerns and ex-
treme conservatives.
-The Nation
road, and the passerby stops to
give aid (a rare occurrence in-
cidentally; even the cops won't
stop sometimes), the Californians
couldn't be more friendly.
And in light of their insecurity,
all this is readily understandable.
Pitted against the maddening
crowd, theydefensively takeup
every weapon at their disposal;
but set in contact with one other
person,' the potential adversary
looks quite docile. The fearful
Californian mellows and relaxes
and assumes his naturally friendly
posture.
THUS, if one avoids the mad-.
dening crowd life in The Golden.
State can be most pleasant. The
ocean is beautiful, and it is ever.
so much fun to watch the young
people roam the beach or chal-'
lenging the surf. The florA and
fauna are unbelieveably abundant
and beautiful, providing a peace-
ful atmosphere in and of them-
selves.
The kids however are the ex-
ception to the rule here. Unlike
their elders they seem undriven by
the insecurities of life and un-
concerned with the progress of
their neighbors. They have, at
many times, that dishevelled look
that suggests carefree and happy
existences.
This would suggest of. course
that the younger generation will
change the mad, mad existence of
the California when they come
into its control, but I fear not."
Insecurity seems to be too much
a part of the California adult
tradition to be discarded so easily.
It is the easygoing kids who will
change.
And it is out of this pell mell
atmosphere that arises a political
picture of great import to the
entire nation. It is a spectacle
which is totally unpredictable.
California politics have - all the
characteristics of a total donny-
brook and all the properties of a
kaleidoscope, and the main char-
acters do not know what will
happen from one day to the next.
Their politics are as unsettled
as their daily existence, and, as we
shall see, twice as deadly..
to the future. There remains the problem of
the separate grammar (or pre-university)
schools and secondary modern schools. The
tendency to combine both under the common
roof of a comprehensive school commends
itself.
A university entrance examination is a legit-
imate test. But if it is to have meaning, It
should not be a series of "true or false" ques-
tions, but should last two or three days and
include both essay papers and viva voce per-
iods. Happily this has long been the precedure
at the best universities in both Britain and the
United States. 4
-CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR
In. Passing
OR A BRIEF moment last week there was
no North, no South, as the nation merged
to celebrate the 187th anniversary of the
Declaration of Independence.
But in a Chicago hospital sometime that
night, even as the sound of fireworks rever-
berated across the sky, Clyde Kennard, 35, died
of cancer.
He will soon be forgotten, time being what
it is. But his was a useless, tragic death.
Seven years ago Kennard stood two hours
short of a University of Chicago degree when,
because of his father's death, he had to return
to his Mississippi farm. In 1959, finally able
to return to school, he applied for admission to
nearby Mississippi Southern.
His application and credentials were in order
except for one thing-the line calling for race
said "Negro."
IT WASN'T EASY to keep Kennard out of
the all white university, but Mississippi found
a way. In 1960 a 19 year old boy testified that
Kennard had been his accomplice in a $25
chicken feed robbery. The boy received a light
jail term. His "accomplice" was sentenced to
seven years in Parchman penitentiary.
After two years and three months in prison,
Kennard's sentence was commuted early this
year when his fatal disease became known. He
was immediately rushed to Chicago for treat-
ment. "I don't hate anybody. I don't hate any-
EDITOR'S NOTE: Joe Loftin is a
former reporter and sports editor for
the Daily Reveille, the student
newspaper at Louisiana State. Uni-
versity. This summer he is touring.
Europe. This article was reprinted
from the summer Reveille.
By JOE LOFTIN
EAST GERMANY -- The East
Germans working in the fields
waved at the train, and the people-
on the train waved back. One of
the German students in my com-
partment had come over to the
West.from the "German Democra-
tic Republic" in 1954. All the stu-
dents were strongly anti-commu-
nist and, of course, anti-Russian.
The train: rumbled though'
Magdeburg, past shoddy buildings
and ruins and hastily built work-
ers' quarters. 'The people waved
and smiledrat the train, and you
wondered why they had not left
in time.
WEST BERLIN is a beautiful
city with large traffic-filled streets
and many well-dressed people out
walking- their' dogs, - spaniels,
poodles and shepherds. The Kur-
furstendamn has a neon glitter at
night; people wander along its
broad sidewalks, staring at each
other and wondering how long it
will last.
A large Russian memorial is in
the Tiergarten on the Street of the
17th of June (named thus in honor
of the East Berlin workers' revolt
in 1953). Russian soldiers guard
the memorial and, they
are guarded by British soldiers..
A few hundred yards down 'the
street is the Wall and behind it
th Brandenburg Gate. On top of,
'EASY TO UNDERSTAND'
Citizens of'Berlin
Live for Present
the Gate sits an East German
machine gunner.
NOT FAR away is Checkpoint
Charie. I have entered East Ber-
lin twice through Checkpoint
Charlie. The first time was on a
bus with a guided tour, the sec-
ond time on foot.
TheNazi air ministry building
is just past the checkpoint, off
Friedrichstrasse. A grassy hill with
stone rubble at the top, surrounded
by a high fence, is the remains of
Hitler's bunker, where he spent
his last days and died.
This area was the heart of' pre-
war Berlin; most of it was de-
stroyed in the war.
The squat, ugly Wall, wide
enough for a small car to use, can
be seen between the buildings as
you walk toward the Unteden Lin-
den Strasse from Checkpoint
Charlie.
East Berlin is ugly, but it's not
so - bad as I had expected. The
people are friendly and clean.
There is much rebuilding going on.
I saw more mothers pushing prams
in East Berlin than in the Western
sector. But the birth rate is piti-
fully low in both sections. It's the
same in East Germany, where the
population is declining. One can
look ahead to a day when East
Germany will be peopled by Slavs,
because there will not be enough
Germans left to run the country.
Most people in Berlin, on both'
sides of the Wall, live only for to-
day; it's easy to understand why.
The East Berlin guide on the
bus stated the prevalent mood
well when he said: "Try to enjoy
your stay in Berlin, whether it be
for the next few hours or seconds."
FEIFFER
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