The Great Leap Forward
Sixty-Ninth Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
"When Opinions Are Free UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
Truth Will Prevail" STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
TUESDAY, APRIL 7, 1959 NIGHT EDITOR: THOMAS TURNER
University's Phoenix Project:
A Memorial That Should Live
A TOMIC ENERGY has come a long way since atomic law, and an assistance program designed
the devastation of Nagasaki and Hiroshima. to help 20 other nations to set up their own
Out of the charred remains of World War II peaceful programs for atomic research.
has grown the peaceful application of the atom
in such fields as bacteriology, medicine, physics THE $8 MILLION contributed in 1948 by Uni-
and atomic law. versity students, alumni and industrial
Today, the nation's largest enrollment in groups to establish the Project have nearly been
nuclear engineering and science is concen- exhausted. James C. Zeder, fund-raising cam-
trated here at the University. But the Univer- paign committee chairman, said recently $2
sity may not be able to claim that distinction million would pay for five more years of re-
in the near future. The world's largest inde- search in the all-important field of atomic re-
pendent atomic research program and biggest search,
attraction for the potential nuclear scientist,
the Memorial-Phoenix Project, is in serious The future of the Memorial-Phoenix Project
financial straits, rests with the interested citizen of today. There
Established in 1948 as a memorial to the is no state government to fall back on for the
University's World War II dead, the Project has funds. "It would be a tragedy if the Phoenix
boosted atomic research considerably in its Project which has accomplished so much in so
brief history. Some examples: cancer research, little time were allowed to die out," Zeder said
development of the "bubble chamber," develop- in his appeal. That tragedy may soon come.
ment of the law school as the leading center in -BARTON HUTHWAITE
License Pedestrians?.
IN AN EFFORT to alleviate the overcrowded right. The sidewalks could be divided by white
bike situation, a proposal has been made to lines and stop signs could be posted on the diag.
bar bikes from the main campus block and Joint Judic should mete out fines to all pedes-
construct a special bike lane around it. trians breaking these regulations.
As this would be a very expensive solution, It is impractical to try directly regulating.
there is another proposal as effective-license bikes as seen by the hordes resting in the no
pedestrians. Thentickets could be given pedes- parking zones of the libraries.
trians who turned left before making the proper But pedestrians being on foot would be easier
hand signal or refused to yield right-of-way to to catch and besides they are the ones most
bikes. Student Government Council could pass likely to need these rules. Pedestrians with col-
an ordinance requiring pedestrians to have rear lision and health insurance could be exempted
view mirrors and wear clothes detectable at 50 from these regulations as they would have no
feet. And at night they must be equipped with, need to protect themselves-as would those
headlights, maybe similar to those of miners. individuals with enough padding to withstand
Rules could be made requiring pedestrians to collisions.
yield the way to all oncoming vehicles on their -JOHN FISCHER
TODAY AND TOMORROW:
Behind the Negotiations
By WALTER LIPPMANN
AT THE MICHIGAN
Blood and Guts
In a Texas Town
SINCE TELEVISION has been so successful with Westerns, the movie
industry, in its continual attempt to present at least equal enter-
tainment, has returned to the Western (adult variety), with emphasis
on the epic or the satiric. However, "Rio Bravo" fits neither category, as
its setting is limited to a dirty little Texas town, and it relies on those
serious Western veterans, John Wayne, Ward Bond, and Walter Bren-
nan, and that versatile drunk, Dean Martin, as well as someone called
Kangaroo or something who's Ricky Nelson with guns.
It does fit into some other categories, though. It's long-about two
and a half hours-in color, and bloody. Thirteen or fourteen shot before
C/I, _~\
i
CAPITAL COMMENTARY:
China Seek
:: Bly WILLI.
,s,
Reco gnition
[A.M S. WHITE
the crucial battle scene, then
someone starts exploding dynamite
and you lose count.
IT'S REALLY pretty funny, be-
cause someone is often laughing
on screen, or maybe they're just
sick like Dean Martin who spends
two hours recovering from a two-
year drunk. (I couldn't hear much
until the kids starting their second
time through were located and
dragged out by equally vocal par-
ents.)
John Wayne is a sheriff who's
pretty dumb and very lucky and
tough. He carries a rifle because
he can't beat anyone to the draw,
and he prefers smashing bad guys
in the face, which he does when
one kills another for breaking up
his Golden Gloves training. Of
course John T. has put the guy
in jail, and the guy naturally is the
brother of the wealthiest, crooked-
est hombre in that section of
Texas.
* * *
AFTER THREE harrowing days
and nights (the U.S. marshal
won't arrive for six days), John
decides he's been rather stupid
walking the streets looking for
trouble, though he thus manages
to spend a night with the girl they
call Feathers. Maybe he isn't so
dumb, because he still gets her
in the end, and Dean only has
Stumpy (Walter Brennan).
The movie has the inevitable
peaks of tension. How will Dean
and Ricky get together to sing
"Cindy?" When will the chase
begin? (Don't look too hard, there
is none. Dean mustn't like horses.)
The set is more realistic than
TV, the right guys get shot, the
sexual innuendos might escape a
nine-year old, and Ricky Nelson is
still single, so few can complain.
-Dan Wolter
SGC, Please
Take INote!
LONDON (P)-Membersof Brit-
ain's parliament were advised
to cut down on the hot air.
The recommendation came from
a committee set up in October to
find ways of streamlining proce-.
dure in the world's oldest legisla-
tive body.
The committee reported "many
speeches could be made shorter to
the advantage of all members."
The committee puts forward
numerous suggestions for saving
time in the House of Commons.
One would set aside one hour in
big debates to be used for five-
minute "quickie" speeches. Rank
and file members, who are often
doomed to sit in silence, welcomed
this proposal.
(EDITOR'S NOTE: Walter Lippmann has just re-
turned from Europe, where he has taken a first-
hind look at the Berlin crisis. This is the first of a
four-part report on the situation.)
LAST MONTH I visited London, Paris,Bonn,
Berlin, and Rome, in order to learn, more
or less at first hand, how our European allies
approach the coming negotiations with Mr.
Khrushchev. Even in ordinary times interviews
of this sort would have to be off-the-record.
For at the start of any negotiations no sensible
and responsible official will make public state-
ments-even if he could do so-about his first
and his final terms.
In the West where there are free newspapers
as well as parliaments and elections, a states-
man cannot safely do what Khrushchev does so
often, which is to vary his tactics and to ma-
neuver about in public. For if a democratic
statesman speaks out, he is stuck with what he
has said. Once he has opened his mouth, he
must expect to be judged by some influential
part of his constituents as having advanced or
retreated, as having won or lost, as having had
a glorious triumph or as having made an abject
surrender. For this reason the, leaders of the
Western democracies take refuge in those large
generalities which, while they satisfy the emo-
tions, make no unalterable commitments.
In as moment like this, when momentous
negotiations are about to begin, the press must
try to tell the -truth about disclosing legitimate
secrets. How is it to do this and keep faith both
with officials who have spoken plainly off the
record, and with its readers who have a right
to know? What are "legitimate secrets?" For a
rough and ready answer to this most important
and complicated question, I would start with
a remark made to me by a man who had quite
recently had a long and free-swinging bout
with Khrushchev about the German question.
"You Americans do not always understand," he
said, "that the game which is being played
over Berlin and Germany is not poker but
chess. In this game each player sees what pieces
the other one has, and there is ho bluffing about
them. What is unknown is how each side will
play his pieces.". The analogy is a good one
and it applies widely to the whole contest in
which we are now engaged. Applied to the
press, it may be said that our first job is to
report what are the pieces on the board and
4;!r,3dj Baal ,
where they stand, and to be chary to try to-
spell out in advance how Eisenhower and Mac-
millan, de Gaulle and Adenauer, will play them.
BESIDE THE NEED for some secrecy, which
is inherent in almost all negotiations, there
is another element in the present situation
which makes it difficult to report it. This is the
fact that Western policy on the German ques-
tion, as officially proclaimed during the past ten
years, no longer represents the real expectations
and practical hopes of the principal Western
European governments. They do no say it but
they have come to know that the two Ger-
manys cannot be "reunited in freedom," that is
to say by liquidating the Communist regime in
East Germany. There are now two German
states, and every responsible European states-
man realizes that they cannot be united within
any foreseeable future and under any condi-
tions which are now conceivable.
BUT WHILE everyone in the know accepts
this central fact, nobody is prepared to pro-
claim it. For there are powerful internal politi-
cal reasons in Western Europe, primarily and
particularly in Western Germany, why the
statesmen must shrink from the explicit public
recognition of this central fact. A lot has been
said recently about Macmillan and the coming
British general elections. Perhaps even more
important from the point of view of Western
policy are the coming West German elections in
1961. For if it transpires that the reunification
of Germany has been postponed indefinitely,
and is for all practical purposes no more than
a dim and distanct ideal, there is a fair chance
that Adenauer might be defeated by a coalition
made up of those who put German unity above
all other things.
This could lead to a profound alteration of
the whole West European position. It could
lead to German negotiations with Russia, to
deals made at the expense of NATO and of the
European Common Market. This, in any event,
is the nightmare of the West European gov-
ernments, and it is a compelling reason why
they shrink from any open recognition of the
fact that there are now, and will long continue
to be, two Germanys. They are -afraid that
Adenauer's position in West Germany is not
strong enough to withstand the shock of such
a recognition.
In subsequent articles I shall have something
to say about why German reunification has for
the foreseeable future ceased to be practical
politics and how this fact is at the root of the
Berlin affair.
(c) 1959 New York Herald Tribune Inc.
New Books at the Library
Nilin, Pavel - Comrade Venka; NY, Simon
and Schuster, 1959.
Pfeiffer, Karl G. Somerset Maugham: A Can-
did Portrait; NY, W. W. Norton, 1959.
Rickover, Hyman G. - Education and Free-
Aiim. N ,, meTnti++i iF5
WASHINGTON - The stoutest
defender of one of the most
truly rational of foreign policies
of the Eisenhower Administration
is leaving office just as events are
proving how right he has been all
along.
Walter S. Robertson is resign-
ing as Assistant Secretary of State
for Far Eastern Affairs amid new
and overwhelming evidence of
tpe brutality of the Chinese Com-
munist regime of Peiping. The
Chinese Communists have driven
the young Dala::Lama,the god-
king of Tibet, from his homeland.
They are baying at him like fierce
hounds in the refuge granted to
him in India by Prime Minister
Nehru.
NEHRU HAS spent years
righteously tutt-tutting our abso-
lute refusal to make any deal with
Peiping. So, unhappily, have most
of our allies, though in a less
pompous way. Perhaps he is now
learning that there has been more
to the steadfast American policy
of nonrecognition of the bandit
regime in Communist China than
mere stubborn wrong-headedness.
For the implacable Red neighbors
toward whom he has been so very
"reasonable" are increasingly un-
reasonable with him for shelter-
ing their chosen victim.
It is sadly possible, however,
that it will require yet another
really big Chinese aggression,
similar to their aggression against
our own troops and those of all
the United Nations in Korea, to
convince the well-meaning that
you can't do business with Pei-
ping.
* *M *
THE DEPARTURE of Mr. Rob-
ertson, therefore, raises special
problems, apart from its historic
irony. His role, though a sturdy
one, could well be overstated; he
was not the initiator of nonrecog-
nition,
Basically, it has been the policy
of Secretary of State John Foster
Dulles and also of a great majori-
ty of both political parties in Con-
gress.
All the same, Robertson, a Vir-
ginia banker in private life, had
a degree of political protection
which his foreign service career-
officer successor, J. Graham Par-
sons, cannot hope to have. As the
voice of Dulles, Robertson had in
Dulles a backer who was the most
powerful member of the Eisen-
hower Cabinet.
Thus, the whole domestic poli-
tical understructure for maintain-
ing nonrecognition is now twice
weakened. First, there was the in-
capacitation by illness of Mr.
Dulles. Now there is the exit of
Mr. Robertson, who also is in poor
health.
No one here pretends to know
exactly what is in the mind of the
monolith of terror that is Com-
munist China. But many fear that
Peiping, which for years has been
trying to shove or shoot its way
into the United Nations, may try
again
Certainly, the times will be evil
and ripe. A spirit of accommoda-
tion toward Soviet communism is
spreading, in the understandable
and general Western hope that
some decent cold war armistice
can be struck at the summit con-
ference.
ANY OUTBREAK of Commu-
nist-inspired trouble in Asia. would
be a most-damaging distraction,
and there would be temptation to
buy it off. Indeed, it probably
would be unwelcome even to the
Russian leaders, because they
need a summit setlement. There
is, however, increasing d o u b t
among highly responsible intelli-
gence sources here that Moscow
can necessarily control Peiping.
The Red Chinese have already put
in a slave system so vast and cold-
ly wretched, so totally denying
the human personality, as to
frighten the Russians themselves.
It will not be surprising if the
eastern branch of international
communism seizes the opportu-
nity to put on more pressure for
recognition, perhaps bloody pres-
sure, while all are preoccupied
with the summit.
(Copyright 1959, by United
Feature Syndicate, Inc.)
DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The Daily Official Bulletin Is an
official publication of The Univer-
sity of Michigan for which The
Michigan Daily assumes no edi-
torial responsibility. Notices should
be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Administration Build-
ing, before 2 p.m. the day preceding
publication. Notices for Sunday
Daly due at 2:00 p.m. Friday.
TUESDAY, APRIL 7, 1959
VOL. LXIX, NO. 129
General Notices
Hopwood Contest: Manuscripts to be
entered in the Hopwood Contest must
be in Hopwood Rm., 1006 Angell Hall,
by 4:30 p.m. Wed., April 5.
Fulbright Awards for University Lec-
turing and Advanced Research have
been announced for 1959-60 for the fol-
lowing countries:" Argentina, Brazil,
Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Aus.
tralia, New Zealand, Burma, India,
Pakistan, the Philippines, and Thai-
land. Those applying must be U.S. citi-
zens; for lecturing, must have at least
one year of college or university teach-
ing experience; and for research, a doc-
toral degree at the time of application
or recognized professional standing.
Application forms may be obtained
from the Conference Board of Asso-
ciated Research Councils, Committee
of International Exchange of Persons,
2101 Constitution Avenue, Washington
25. D.C. Deadline for filing an applica-
tion for these countries is April 25.
1959. Further information may be ob-
tained in the Offices of the Graduate
School.
Students Advised to submit Selective
Service College Qualification Test ap-
plications now: Applications for the
April 30, 1959 administration of the
College Qualification Test are now
available at Selective Service System
local boards throughout the country,
The student should fill out his appli-
cation and mail it to Selective Service
Examining Section, Educational Test-
ing Service, P. O. Box 586, Princeton,
N. J. Applications for the April 30
test must be postmarked no later than
midnight, April 9, 1959.
Midsemester grades for students in
College of Architecture and Design due
no later than Wed., April 8. These must
be turned in to Rm. 207 Architecture
Bldg. before that date.
Fellowships Applications now avail-
able for Margaret Kraus Ramsdell
Award. Fellowship used to assist stu
dents who are graduates of the Uni.
versity of Michigan in pursuing gradu-
ate studies in this country or abroad In
religious education or in preparation
for the Christian ministry. Both men
anduwomen may apply. Applications
should be made to the Dean of the
Graduate School of forms obtainable
from the Graduate School. Deadline is
April 20, 1959.
Students who expect to receive edu-
cation and training allowance under
Public Law 550 (Korea G. I. Bill) or
Public Law 634 (Orphans' Bill) must
fill in Monthly Certification for the
veterans Administration in the Office
of Veterans' Affairs, 142 Ad. Bldg., be-
tween 8:30-11:15 a.m. and 1:15-3:15 p.m.
by Thurs., April 9.
The following persons have been se.
lected as ushers for the 1959 May Festi-
val and will pick up their usher tick-
ets at the box office at Hill Auditorium
between 5 p.m. and 6 p.m. on Tues.,
April 7 and Wed., April 8. These tik-
ets must be picked up before the first
MaygFestival concert as they will not
be given out at the door on the night
of the concert.
Marlene Andrews, George Anderson,
Carol Anderson, Anabel Anderson,
Helen Anderson, Donna Ashton, Carol
Bamberger, Shirley Bell, Dale Bell, Bev-
erley Berney, Sheldon Berry, Paul Bly-
man, Mary Boerema, Ann Braam, Nan.
cy Bray, David Brose, Steve Brown,
Morris Brown, Lois Brunner, Dorothy
Burnes, Virginia Bush, Lillian Ceso-
kas, Gwynne Chow, Chet Clauser, Ed-
ward C. Cohen, Beverley Collara, Sus
Cooper, Gary L. Cox, Lois Crane, Bill
Crooks, Alisande Cutler, Caron Davis,
Duane Deal, Judy Dickstein, Daniel
Docks, Erma Donner, Gene Du Bott,
Harriet Dunham, Lily Espinely, Chris-
tine Etzkorn,Roberta Evans. Roberta
Ewing, Judy Faskow, Edward Faust,
Gerald Faye, Robert Fischl, Dean Flow-
er, Nancy Gardner, Kathryne Gemuen-
den, Harvey Gendler, Katherine Gent-
ner, Robert L. Greene, Rose Greenfield,
Margaret R. Greenberg, Richard Grein-
er, John B. Griffin, Edythe Haber, Beth
Hagadone, Charles Heffernan, Ethel
Heffernan, Paul Helber, Robert Hen-
shaw, Beverley Henshaw, Rita Heustis,
Rosalie Hildebrecht, Robert Hockett,
Gerald Humel, Frances Hummel., Har-
vey Hummel, Mary Jane Inman, Dona
Jensen, Gary Jensen, Ken Johnston,
Nancy Johnston, Dick Kaebin,, Jose-
phine Kastle. Ann Marie Kitchen,
(Continued on Page 5)
A 'RESPECTABLE' FRONT:
Iron Curtain Lifts for Cultural Exchange
By LEWIS GLICK
Associated Press Staff Writer
THE COLD WAR grows hotter,
but Americans and Russians
are seeing more of each other.
Through tourists, cultural ex-
changes, movies and magazines,
the acquaintance is growing.
The widening chinks in the
Iron Curtain are still small. But
they are raising hopes among
high officials here that this great-
er contact with the West will pro-
m o t e the understanding and
friendliness of the Russian people.
And this, they reason, will lesson
popular support for campaigns
against the free world.
United States ambassador to
Moscow, Llewellyn Thompson and
George V. Allen, head of the
United States Information Agen-
cy, count visits by Russians here,
and vice versa, as most important
in promoting contact.
Allen, whose agency runs the
United States propaganda pro-
gram, would like to see a two-way
flow of, say 100,000 persons a
year.
In 1958 the stream of Ameri-
cans on the intercontinental trek
to Russia swelled to an estimated
5,000. The United States visitors
ranged from high school students
to such notables as Sen. Hubert
Humphrey (D-Minn.), two-time
Democratic presidential nominee
Adlai Stevenson and pianist Van
Cliburn. Some toured at taxpay-
ers' expense while others paid
their own way.
There was a sizeable but small-
er flow the other way, too. Rus-
who won't be coming to America,
there's going to be a chance for
second hand sightseeing through
the first contemporary United
States movies allowed into the So-
viet Union since before the war.
Under a recently concluded
agreement, the Russians are buy-
ing 10 American-produced fea-
tures for showing at home. Among
others they have picked "Marty,"
"Oklahoma," and "The Old Man
and the Sea."
U.S. firms in turn will take in
seven Russian pictures, such as
"The Idiot," "The Captain's
Daughter" and "Swan Lake."
Both countries. have agreed to
swap 15 documentary movies, too.
About 45 Soviet films a year are
already coming into the United
States.
Turner B. Shelton, USIA's mo-
tion picture chief, thinks the
American pictures will have far
greater impact on Soviet audi-
ences - long deprived of most
free world films -- than Soviet
movies will have in this country
where foreign shows are common-
place. He doesn't know how many
Rpssians will see the U.S. reels,
but says it could be upwards of
100 million.
The year 1959 will see a new
event, too, with the opening of the
first major U.S. government ex-
hibit in the Soviet Union this
summer.
American products and enter-
tainment will strut their stuff in
Sokolniki Park 15 minutes by sub-
way from downtown Moscow. The
Russians have leased two floors
of the New Vrkroliseun for
52,000 copies of the magazine each
month. Russians buy the maga-
zine openly for the equivalent of
about 30 cents. The sales price of
five rubles is one ruble below the
Communist Party's price for its
official propaganda magazine.
But Washington gets flattering
reports about how America Illus-
trated passes from the hands of
one avid Russian reader to an-
other until the magazine winds up
in-tatters. As many as 100 Rus-
sians are said to read a single
copy.
The Russians in turn send 52,-
000 copies a month to this country
of their English-language publi-
cation, USSR. They say their
magazine is a smash sellout, too.
An American can buy a copy for
20 cents, if he can find one at his
newsstand.
Pushing hard behind the offi-
cially okayed exchanges are U.S.
radio broadcasts beamed behind
the Iron Curtain by powerful
Voice of America transmitters
here and abroad.
Radio intelligence reports cur-
rently indicate that U.S. news
and commentary aimed into Rus-
sia in the Russian language are
largely blacked out in Moscow
and other major Soviet cities by
jammers. The broadcasts can be
heard over large areas of the So-
viet Union aside from the big
cities. The Voice's E n g li s h-
language programs are jammed
little or not at all.
*' * *
news media such as radiocasts are
needed, too.
Why the Russians are liftingj
the curtain a little is anybody's
guess. Much impetus for the two-
way flow comes from a broad ex-
change agreement signed a year
ago by Soviet Ambassador Georgi
Zarubin and U.S. negotiator Wil-
liam S. B. Lacy.
Allen figures the Communists
don't believe they will convert
Americans to Communism
through the exchanges, but do be-
lieve they will gain by "showingI
the people of the United States
how advanced their technology,
production and economy is."
Another U.S. official, who deals
often with the Russians, thinks
the Soviets want to put up a re-
spectable front in the cultural
field internationally.
As Vacation Ends
Editorial Staff
RICHARD TAUB, Editor
MICHAEL KRAFT
Editorial Director
JOHN WEICHER
City Editor>
DAVID TARR
Associate Editor
DALE CANTOR .....................Personnel Director
JEAN WILLOUGHBY .... Associate Editorial Director
ALAN JONES..................... Sports Editor
BEATA JORGENSON.........Associate City Editor
ELIZABETH ERSKINE ... Associate Personnel Director
SI COLEMAN............... Associate Sports Editor
DAVID ARNOLD ................ Chief Photographer
ALLEN, whose job includes '
supervising the Voice of America,
thinks the Russians are basically'