GIRARD VERDICT
CONSIDERATION
C, 4c
Sixty-Six Years of Editorial Freedom
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See Page 2
VOL. LXVII, No. 118 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, JULY 10, 1957
FOUR PAGE
/Izvestia Invokes
Lemni Injunction
Central Committee Empowered
. To Utilize Extreme Measures
MOSCOW (P) - The Soviet government's official newspaper
yesterday cleared the way for the expulsion of V. M. Molotov, Georgi
Malenkov and Lazar Kaganovich from the Communist party.
In a major editorial, the government newspaper Izvestia again
invoked Lenin's 1921 injunction that in cases of violation of party
discipline the Central Committee is empowered to useaextreme mea-
sures,.including expulsion.
Without party membership, a Soviet citizen cannot participate
India EnvoylI
Has Hopes
For Peace
India's Ambassador to the
United States yesterday asserted
his country's hopes for peacetime
progress and understanding in the
world.
"Let us strive for a peace that
can give meaning and significance
for democracy," Gaganvihari L.
Mehta urged in his discussion of
"India-Problems, Plans and Pros-
pects."
The talk, third of the summer's
Asian Cultures and the Modern
American lecture series, examined
India's international relations and
good neighbors, then glanced at
the country's backgrounds and
democratic tendencies.
Mehta emphasized his country's
drive toward economic expansion
under democratic ideals. Develop-
ment of resources and control of
wealth in India, the ambassador
Russell:
Wrong"
Senators
)ebate
Bill
Civil
Rights.
In any signifcant government or
White Jury
Completed
For al
KNOXVILLE, Tenn. (/P)-An all
white jury was completed yester-
day in United States District
Court for the mass contempt trial
Of 16 defendants in the Clinton
segregation case.:
Defense lawyers called it a "his-
tory shaping" trial.
The 12 jurors included two
women.
Four alternate jurors remain to
be chosen before the federal gov-
ernment begins presenting its case
today.
Criminal Contempt
The 16 are charged with crimi-
nal contempt of court, on grounds
they violated United States Dis-
trict Judge Robert L. Taylor's
permanent injunction against in-
terfering with court-ordered inte-
gration of white and Negro stu-
dents at Clinton High School.
The trial is based on outbursts
of violence in November and De-
cember which rocked the little
town of Clinton, 20 miles north-
west of here, after 12 Negroes were
admitted along with about 800
white students in August.
The jury trial was granted in
response to a defense motion.
Fifteen Residents
On trial are Frederick John
Kasper, a White Citizens Council
leader from Washington, D.C.
and 15 residents of the Clinton
E area.
The defendants, including a
19-year-old Clinton housewife, are
on trial in what is described as a
major test of the power of federal
courts to enforce peaceful inte-
gration through the injunction
process.
Syrian Forces
KRll Seven
Israeli Police
party activity. Expulsion amounts
-to political annihilation. Molotov,
Malenkov and Kaganovich, have
been ousted from the party's rul-
ing Presidium by a unanimous
vote of the Central Committee.
The Central Committee's an-
nouncement July 3 referred to the
1921 Lenin credo on discipline.
Yesterday's underscoring left
little doubt that the minimum
fate facing the Stalinist triumvir-
i ate is expulsion from the party.
W h e t h e r the party leaders
headed by Nikita Khrushchev, will
1 be satisfied with the political de-
struction of their opponents re-
mains to be seen.
Molotov, Malenkov and Kaga-
novich so far have been stripped
of their high party and govern-
ment posts but not dismissed from
the ranks of the party itself.
The three have not been seen
publicly in Moscow this week.
Moscow radio said last week they
attended party meetings on Fri-
day - two days after the action
against them was announced.
The campaign of denunciation
against the ousted Itremlin lead-
-ers expanded yesterday as Pre-
- mier Nikolai A. Bulganin and
Khrushchev, victors in the up-
heaval, traveled leisurely 'through
Czechoslovakia on a goodwill visit
to Prague.
The Literary Gazette, organ of
the Soviet writers union, linked
Molotov, Malenkov, Kaganovich,
and former Foreign Minister Dmi-
tri T. Shepilov, dropped as alter-
nate member of the Presidium in
the purge, with two of the worst
crimes in Communist ideology,
"revisionism and nihilism."*
l -
Engine Fuel
Developed
NIAGARA FALLS, N. Y. (JP) -
The Defense Department revealed
yesterday the first steps leading to
production of a high-energy jet
engine fuel it says will enable the
giant B58 bomber to fly around
the world without refueling.
The fuel, produced by the Olin
Mathieson Chemical Co., is called
HEF-2..
It will increase the effiicency of
of a jet engine by up to 50 per
cent, the company said.
-Daily-Eric Arnold
G. L. MEHTA
.. hopes for peace
said, is being done in the best
interests of the people, for the
"public good."
But, he said, with the anniver-
sary of the Indian republic coming
up next month, a decade is not
yet time enough to "judge and ex-
periment on historic perspective."
I'et all countries have their
greed, their lust for power, wheth-
er big or small, the diplomat as-
serted. "There is a hint of un-
conscious arrogance on the part
of some nations," he hinted.
Mehta also lauded the Univer-
sity for Aits Asian Cultures summer
theme and the country for its
awareness. The summer program,
he said, shows "there is an intel-
lectual ferment in this country."
University President Harlan
Hatcher, in introducing Mehta,
commended the summer session's
Asian Cultures theme as "a stim-
ulating and timely topic" of great
interest for "our extra-curricular"
activity.
Further in his "good will" ad-
dress, Mehta traced influences on
India-to America and agricul-
ture.
Zlatovskis
Raise Issue
Of Asylum
PARIS (P) - George Zlatovski
raised the issue of political asy-
lum yesterday as a possible de-
fense against return of himself
and his wife to the United States
to face charges of spying for the
Soviet Union,'
"The French have given us po-
litical asylum," the Russian-born
former United States Army In-
telligenc officer told reporters
who found him in a walk-up Left
Bank apartment.
"We are their guests."
French Denialm I
But the French government im-
mediately denied this.
"The question has not yet
arisen," a Foreign M i n i s t r y
spokesman said.
"The United States has not yet
asked for extradition."
No Formal Request
The United States Embassy
said no formal requesthas yet
beensmade for custody of the
couple, indicted by a federal grand
jury in New York Monday as ac-
tive members of a Kremlin-di-
rected espionage ring for which
three others face sentencing July
S29
In New York, Federal District
Judge Thomas F. Murphy signed
bench warrants for their appre-
hension.
State Department
United States Attorney Paul W.
Williams announced the warrants
will be forwarded to the State
Department with a request that
the department "take steps for-
mally to notify the French gov-
ernment of the indictment against
the Zlatovskis, stating in effect
that we would like to have them
back in this country.
"Theirstis notuinyextraditable
offense and it must be stressed
that the French government is
technically under no treaty obli-
gation to extradite the couple,"
Williams said. "But there is noth-
ing to stop the French government
from acting on its own."
New Element
Discovered
CHICAGO (P)-An international
research team announced yester-
day they produced the heaviest
element yet discovered by bom-
barding another synthetic element
curium, with carbon ions.
It is a solid and is unstable,
losing half its radioactivity in 10
to 12 minutes.
The scientists have proposed
that it be named Nobelium after
the Nobel Institute.
The experiments were carried
out successfully on the Nobel In-
stitute's cyclotron in March and
the discovery was confirmed by
chemical analysis in June.
WASHINGTON (;P) - The State
Department dismissed as unfound-j
ed yesterday a complaint by a
Chinese that he was mistreated'
while studying at Purdue Univer-
sity.
The graduate student, 38-year-'
old Tseng Juan-Chih, arrived last
Saturday in Canton on the Com-
munist-held China mainland.
He was quoted by Communist
officials over Peiping radio as com-
plaining that he was handcuffed
and confined for 14 hours at an
Indiana mental hospital.j
Lincoln White, State Depart-
ment press officer, denied any mis-
treatment.j
He cited statements Monday by
a Purdue University official at
Lafayette, Ind.
Prof. A. H. Tichenor, Purdue
adviser to foreign students, saidj
Tseng "would have been a bril-
liant student if he .. . had not felt
that the world was against him."
Dr. John Southworth, director of
the Logansport State Hospital,
said Tseng was given ground priv-
ileges and visited friends in La-
fayette and received visitors dur-
ing his 14 months hospitalization.
He denied Tseng's statement
that he was placed in solitary con-
finement.
Stite Department officials said
Tseng had a long history of emo-
tional disturbances.
They said he was committed to
the state hospital May 25, 1956,
by the Superior Court of Lafay-
ette.
They said he was "in a very dis-
turbed state of mind" and "under
restraints" when hospitalized. The
NO FIGHT:
House Revises Soil Bank Program
WASHINGTON - The H o u s e'
yesterday reversed its stand of two
months ago and voted to continue
the Eisenhower administration's
soil bank farm program for one
more year.
There wasn't even a fight about
it.
The switch came on a voice vote
which passed and sent to the Sen-
ate the annual agriculture appro-
priations bill.
Approval Certain
Senate approval seems certain.
On May 15 the House voted 192
to 187 to kill the major part of the
soil bank plan at the end of this
year.
Critics charged it was marked
by waste and mismanagement.
Supporters argued it went into
effect so late in the spring of 1956
it hadn't been given a fair trial.
Senate Balks
The Senate balked at this House
action and voted funds to continue
full operation of the soil bank. A
Senate-House conference commit-
tee then drafted a compromise bill,
including the soil bank money
which was voted on today,
As passed by the House, the bill
gives the Agriculture Department
some $31/2 billion for the fiscal
year which began July 1.
Acreage Reserve
This was some $365 million less
than President Dwight D. Eisen-
hower had requested and nearly
100 millions less than the House
voted originally.
The section df the soil bank in-
Nickerson
Reprimanded
ATLANTA, Ga. (RP) - The 3rd
Army commander yesterday ap-
proved the court-martial sentence
of Col. John C. Nickerson who was
fined $1,500 and reprimanded for
misuse of secret defense informa-
tion.
volved in the House reversal was
the acreage reserve feature.
Under this farmers are paid for
taking out of production land
which has been used to grow basic
crops in surplus supply.
The House originally voted noth-
ing for this plan while the Senate
voted $500 million. The Senate
figure was accepted in the com-
promise.
Compromise Measure
Some changes in the soil bank
would be ordered by the compro-
mise measure. C
One would limit to $3,000 the
amount of soil bank payments that
could be made to any one farmer
during 1958. Another would re-
quire that all benefits be paid by
Sept. 15. 1958.
The compromise also calls for
tightening up administration of
the second part of the soil bank-
the conservation reserve.
The bill directs the secretary of
agriculture to "give careful con-
sideration" to the value of land
converted to trees, grass and other
long range conservation purposes.
Farmers receive payments for such
practices.
Conservation reserve payments
in 1958 under the bill could total
$325 million. The House voted 250
millions and the Senate 350 mil-
lions.
restraints were removed on his ar-
rival at the hospital, they said.
State Department records show
Tseng came to the United States
Jan. 30, 1948, on a student visa to
study chemistry and biochemistry.
He studied during 1948-50 at
the University ofrMaryland. Dur-
ing 1949-50, the records show, he
was treated for emotional disturb-
ances at the Johns Hopkins clinic.
Tseng took his master's degree
in science at Ohio State, where he
studied during 1950-54. He attend-
ed the University of Illinois during
1954-55, and Purdue during 1955-
56.
Officials said Tseng's last visa
expired in September, 1955. Since
then he technically was illegally
in the United States.
CHINESE STUDENT:-l
Stt eatetCacl opan
JERUSAL JM, Israeli Sector (P)'
-Israeli an Syrian forces bat-
tled with rifle, machinegun and
mortar fire for 10 hours yesterday
along the borders of the upper
Jordan River.
Israeli sources said a shepherd
was killed and seven Israeli police
were wounded.
A United Nations spokesman
said there also were casualties on
the Syrian side.
The number was not estimated.
The firing halted after the UN
had issued four cease-fire orders.
Israel charged 'he clash came
after Syrians opened fire on the
Godot settlement and on Israeli
vehicles traveling north to the
Sea of Galilee.
It was the latest of a series of
clashes that began in June.
i.
House Committee Passes
Eased Gas Priee Control
WASHINGTON P) -- A bill to ease federal regulation of prices
charged by natural gas producers was approved yesterday by the
House -Commerce Committee.
The ultimate fate of the controversial measure remains a question.
House Speaker Sam Rayburn (D--Tex. told newsmen he believes
the bill has a good chance of House passage this year, if everyone
who has voiced support for the bill "puts their oar in " -
There was considerable doubt, however, that the Senate would
get to the bill this session, what with the developing marathon
debate on civil rights legisla--
John L. Lewis Insists
More Honesty Needed
WASHINGTON (I)-John L. Lewis told the House Labor Com-
mittee yesterday there is no necessity for federal legislation on welfare
funds. /
He talked about the liberty and free enterprise on which this
nation was founded, of labor unions as free voluntary associations,
and observed: "Yet we speak calmly here today of our government
- adopting measures from which our
OK 'd forefathers fied to populate this
BarterO 'dcountry."
He offered some philosophy:
W ith Satellites "You cannot achieve virtue
merely by the enactment of sta-
tute, because enactment of a
WASHINGTON W)-The House statute does not change the char-
agreed yesterday to permit the acter of 'men."
government to barter surplus farm The 77-yr.-old president of the
United Mine Workers of America,
commodities with Communist sat- started off saying:
ellite nations. "We find ourselves opposed to
A b a n d o n i n g a long stand the plan for the Congress to en-
against Red barter, the House act regulator or punitive legisla-
yielded to Senate insistence and tion affecting welfare funds as
accepted the barter provision as established in American industry,
part of a compromise bill extend- more or less in reprisal because
ing the Agricultural Trade and dishonest men have committed
Assistance Act another year. dishonorable deeds as affecting
certainofethe welfare funds.'
"If there are criminals about
that are pilfering from these wel-
f are funds, prosecute them--we
an d have the laws-we have the agen-
N ave ILa d cies-we have the information-
it's just that simple."
Lewis insisted what was needed
was more honesty, not more laws.
Nixon Rules
Correction
Of Mistakes.
Clerical Error-
Amendment Printed
On Wrong Page
WASHINGTON '(P)-Sen. Rich-
ard Russell (D-Ga), challenged
yesterday a ruling by Vice Presi-
dent Richard Nixon that the Sen.
ate is debating the correct version
of a civil rights bill passed by the
House.
After the House passed the bill,
a clerical error was made in print-
ing the bill.
An amendment was placed on
the wrong page, and this erroneous
version reached the Senate side of
the Capitol.
Nixon Rules
But Nixon ruled that the mist'ake
had now been corrected in a rou-
tine way and there was no need
to send the bill back to the House.
At first Sen. Russell said he
would appeal Nixon's ruling to the
Senate itself and demand a roll
call vote, but later he withdrew his
point of order against the ruling..
Sen. Russell explained he knew
"the Knowland-Douglas axis" had
the votes to prevail in the present
situation.
Will Wait
He said he would wait for "a
calmer day" to settle the issue,
which is intertwined with the Sen-
ate rules,
By the "Knowland-Douglas acIs"
Sen. Russell meant the supporter;
of Sen. William Knowland of CalI-
fornia, the Senate's Republican
leadei, and Sen. Paul Douglas (D-
I11).
Sen. Knowland and Sen. Douglas
have joined forces to push 'for
passage of the civil rights bill.
Fresh Attack
Se,. Russell's protest topped an
afternoon in which Southern sen-
ators launched a fresh attack on
the bill-legislation which threat-
ens to involve the Senate in eight
weeks or more of clashing debate.
Sen. Sam Ervin (D-NC) asserted
the bill would make the United
States attorney general "dictator
of all the Southern States," while
Sen. James Eastland (D-Miss) de-
scribed the measure as "a slick,
devious scheme to by-pass the Bill
of Rights."
The Senate recessed for the dy
at 6:15 p.m.
Before Tuesday's debate began,
Sen. Knowland pictured President
Dwight D. Eisenhower as receptive
to some changes in the bill,
Ike Receptive
The Senate GOP leader told re-
p o r t e r s President Eisenhower
hadn't closed the door to "clarify-
ing" amendments to the legisla-
tion.
"The bill may need some addi-
tional clarification," Sen. Know
land said.
"I have not closed my mind
against changes in it. If it goes
beyond what was intended, then It
will be up to the Senate to change
it. But the Senate cannot consider
such changes until it gets the bill
actually before it."
Knowland Moves
Sen. Knowland moved Monday
to make the bill the Senate's pend-
ing business,
If a vote on this motion is not
in sight by tomorrow, the Cali-
forniansaid, he and his supporters
may try to force the Senate into
round-the-clock sessions to speed
up a decision.
Southern Democrats are deter-
mined to fight the civil rights
bitter filibuster is in prospect,
Ike Opposes
Home Trials
WASHINGTON (A) - President
Dwight D. Eisenhower was des-
cribed yesterday as "strongly op-
posed" to a House resolution
aimed aot nrventinLr trials of' Am-.
Democrats,
Need More
Fund Drives
WASHINGTON )-Four Dem-
ocratic fund-raising drives this
year have brought in "barely
14 enough" to pay for normal oper-
ations of the party's national com-
mittee Chairman Paul M. Butler
said today.
Butler said in an interview,
however, that he expects drives
in the last four months of the year
to bring in enough to meet weekly
payrolls.
A special plan will have to be
devised to reduce the committee's
two-month-old deficit of $660,000,
ha gno~d
'tion.
The Commerce Committee voted
15 to 13 to recommend the bill.
Once its reports are drafted, it
will ask the Rules Committee to
clear the measure for floor action.
Further opposition is expected
within the rules group.
Chairman Oren Harris (D-A'k)
of the 'Commerce Committee'
wrote the bill, which would free
natural gas producers from util-
ity-type regulation by the Federal
Power Commission.
Producers still would be subject
to rate regulation, but on a "rea-
sonable marker value" basis rath-
er than under the cost plus a rea-
sonable profit formula applied to
utilities.
Opponents, m(,!t of them from
urban areas. argue that the bl :
would permit producers to charge
all the traffic would bear.
/^ I
i
3
GLIMPSES OF ASIA:
Indian Students Portray Intimacy of
By ERNEST ZAPLITNY
India is often pictured as the land of hunger, of teeming millions,
of rigid social structure - but a much warmer view was given here
last night by her student citizens.
Some popular fallacies were dispelled by Thomas David, presi-
dent of the India Students Association, as he gave a look into the
life of modern India.
Hinduism,whatswe believe to be the religion of India, is not
strictly a religion he said.
It is a way of life for its millions of adherents. Happiness while
on earth is the compelling theme; there is no inquiry into the here-
after.
Touching upon the caste system, David traced its roots to the
earliest Aryan society in India, dating between 2000-3000 B.C.
The original division of men into priests, warriors, farmers and
laborers was economc. Unfortunately, it became imbedded in the
social structure in succeeding ages, he said.
Modern India, he reported, is wearing down the caste system,
and he expressed hope that within a decade, castes will be "a thing
I f the Dast."
City Plannersr
Will Consider
Project Later
Ann Arbor City Planning Com-
mission decided last night to post-
pone until next Tuesday consider-
ation of a proposed shopping cen-
ter.
Discussion of the center was put
off in order to obtain a study by
the Police Department concerning
effects of the plan upon traffic
conditions and the enforcement
of jeitin ra .affin ,-oo'nl a tinn,_
- '.- '