9
2 Mtlgatt Batty
Sixty-eventh Yesr
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Today
and
'Tomorrow
By WALTER LIPPMANN
a
_'Whea OPlUlOMaAro Fr"
Truth WMR PrevWr
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual o pinions of staff writers or
the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
SATURDAY, JUNE 29, 1957 NIGHT EDITOR: RENE GNAM
Dulles' Viewpoint Narrow
On Red Chinese Recognition
JOHN FOSTER DULLES' statement of oppo- to solve common problems - not as an organ-
sition to United Nations membership for ization trying to facilitate the carrying out
Red China reflects his usual narrow view and of United States foreign policy, which, in the
unwillingness to accept the present state of world's eye, is just one viewpoint.
world affairs as anything but actuality.
The secretary of state's position is reminis- DULLES' FAILURE to grasp such a world-
cent of both his one-time "Brink of War" bull- wide concept is coupled with his die-hard
headedness and the general (Motors and tenacity in maintaining the Nationalist China
Bullmoose) theme, "What's good for the United myth.
States is good for the world." Whether or not the Red Chinese should be
In his talk yesterday, the world traveller's recognized as the legitimate rulers of the coun-
attitude was made clear. The Soviets, because try is one question, but that they are the rulers
they so often disagree with other nations and of the country in fact cannot be questioned.
cast veto votes in the United Nations, are bad. The Formosan government, whether the
Red China is on their side, would cast veto United States wants to be nice to it or not, is
votes all the time, too, and therefore would no longer and never will be the actual govern-
simply destroy the ability of the United Na- ment of China. It is a thing of the past.
tions to accomplish anything. Yet whether or not Red China deserves
Dulles apparently does not see the United United Nations admission is another question.
Nations as a world order working for the good As a nation under an associated-nations
of all through individual respect and coopera- theory, it would. As a warring nation under
tion. Obviously, all nations should agree with the basic and primary concept of the United
the United States on every political, social and. Nations as a peaceful organization, it might
economic problem. not.
If this attitude were carried further, and if As usual, however, Dulles has the wrong ar-
other nations, including Russia, were to main- guments. He cannot see the inevitable recog-
tain the same thing, there just wouldn't be nition of Red China, which has already been
any, getting along among nations, at least partly achieved.
What Dulles seems not to understand is that What's more, Dulles is not taking any
there are nations other than the United States chances on finding out the real truth of what
that- sincerely believe in a way of life and is going on in Red China - at least he is
have every reason to assume that that is the keeping all those dangerous American news-
right way. men from going there to report happenings.
The United Nations should be seen as an --VERNON NAHRGANG
association of such nations working together Editor
The Baseball Reserve Clause
k' 0kwi:umwSk u.;
THERE ARE many signs that
while Governor Stassen does
have a mandate to negotiate in
London, it is thin and weak and
tentative.
He is authorized to see whether'
he can work out an agreement
which, when it is brought back to
Washington, will have the full
support of the Administration,
which is divided on the funda-
mentals, and of the Senate, which
is keeping itself aloof and un-
committed.
The negotiator of any treaty is,
of course, in the position of not
being entirely certain that the
Senate will ratify what he may
agree to. But Gov. Stassen's posi-
tion is unusually precarious. For
he has the Administration united
behind him only in the sense that
the President has made a ruling
which must be obeyed, not in the
sense that the opposition has been
convinced and won over.
The high officials who do not
want an agreement at this time
are being formally correct in not
challenging the President's policy.
But their real feelings ooze out in
every direction, and are exerting
a powerful influence in Congress
and in the press.
* * *
WHAT HAS happened, I be-
lieve, is that the great underlying
issues of policy, which must in the
end be decided by public debate,
have been debated in secret with-
in the Administration, and have
been decided but have not been
settled.
The underlying issues turn on
whether, if an enforceable agree-
ment to limit armaments could be
reached, it would be wise to make
the agreement. Th really im-
portant opposition is among those
who think that an agreement to
limit armaments, even though en-
forceable, would be undesirable.
The President has ruled against
them, and has taken the position
that if an enforceable agreement
can be reached, the agreement
should be made. But the serious
opposition, though it is overruled
for the time being, is likely to con-
tinue to be very formidable in-
deed.
It is a pity that the case of the
opposition was not debated pub-
licly before the negotiations be-
gan in London.
It may well become necessary to
debate the case before the nego-
tiations can go much further. For
it is not realistic to assume, as the,
President does when he discusses
the subject in his oversimplify-
ing way, that the whole problem is
whether the Russians will agree
to some arrangement that they
will not be able to violate.
Although for my own part, I
would make a limited agreement,
say to suspend the nuclear tests
for a trial period, I do not doubt
that the case against such an
agreement must be recognized and
answered. Otherwise, we may find
ourselves in the dangerous posi-
tion of rejecting an international.
agreement that the President has
made.
* * *
THERE ARE, it would seem, two
principal objections to making an
agreement:
First, that to suspend testing
would be to sacrifice advantages
that we now have and others that
we expect to obtain in the future.
Second, that any agreement,
however limited technically, in a
matter of such critical importance
as nuclear weapons will have a
profound influence on all the great
issues which divide the world.
No one knows for certain and
it is foolish to be dogmatic. The
future is not under our control.
But as between the risks of stand-
ing pat and the risks of venturing
forward, why should we take
counsel only of our fears?
1957 New York Herald Tribune Inc.
6 -
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F "!
+
AT THE CAMPUS:
Excellent Undersea Film Shown
'IS BASEBALL a sport or a business? Is our na-
tional pastime, when indulged in profession-
ally, in violation of anti-trust laws?
Answers to these questions are currently being
sought by Rep. Emanuel Celler (D-NY) and his
House Anti-Trust subcommittee in Washington.
These answers-have been sought for some time.
Major league clubs have in their contracts
what they refer to as "reserve clauses." When
a player signs a contract, he is forbidden by this
passage to offer his services (or render them)
to any other big league club.
In addition, parent major league teams con-
trol a vast number of players in the minor
leagues, who are, for the most part, developing
their talents to the point where they may
some day meet big-league standards. The
parent club may control a minor league player
for five years, after which he is a free agent.
THERE IS an old saying, "Them that has,
gets." This is true in baseball, but it is,
difficult to imagine how much more vastly a
certain number of teams would exemplify this
adage if it weren't for these rulings.
It is difficult to imagine anything more
monopolistic that a situation in which the re-
serve clause did not exist.
We can picture the New York Yankees-al-
ready a baseball dynasty-as owning nearly
every outstanding ballplayer in existence. The
Yanks are the richest team in baseball-they
probably have the financial backing to outbid
any two other teams in the big leagues for a
player's services.
This sort of competition would take place
among all the teams, and baseball would evolve
most quickly into a shameful circus.of barter-
ing blocks--that is, if the reserve clause did
not exist,
S FOR the minor league issue, it is the pur-,.
pose of the minors to maintain the high
standards of performance exhibited daily dur-
ing the warm months by major league base-
ball teams.
It has been obvious to any trained observer
that the minors have been effective in doing
this, and thus their affiliation with major lea-
gue clubs should remain. If all minor league
players were free agents, the richer teams
would buy them and the other teams would
be left out in the cold.
It is significant that the players themselves,
called by opponents of the reserve clause
"pawns" of the owners, defend their employ-
ers so openly.
Some have testified to the sub-committee
and have, as a group, endorsed the present
baseball setup. It shows that they realize the
absolute necessity for the existence of so-
called monopolistic rights in order for the
majority of teams to survive-in order for
baseball to survive.
And before too long, we hope Rep. Celler
and his group will realize it, too.
--JOHN HILLYER
Sports Editor
Words of Wisdom
"HUNTERS of the Deep" is an
exceptionally well filmed and
narrated story of ocean life, with
suitable accompaniment of back-
ground music composed by George
Antheil.
After a early succession of films
portraying oceanographers as fat
evil old men who seek only to grow
monsters in the ooze, it is with
welcome relief that we see, fi-
nally, just exactly what sort of
people go roaming about the ocean
floor with compressed air tanks,
spears, cameras, and nose-clips.
Much of the photography here
is quite remarkable, especially
since many of the shots were tak-
en at hundred foot depths with
only natural lighting, and often
with a hand-held camera.
The parade of curious fish and
plant life is most interesting too;
it is obvious that these sea-scien-
tists can observe almost as many
obscure specimens undersea as
they could, for instance, up among
the humans. One old lobster, for
instance, has a stupid and fatuous
expression not unlike a certain
well-known cabinet member.
A whole collection of other un-
dersea creatures flash by: porcu-
pine fish, moray eels, giant
turtles, squid, a timid octopus, a
yard-long lobster, and two tame
bass who follow the photograph-
ers about.
Although "Hunters of the Deep"
Financial
Roundup
NEW YORK (RP) -Late selling
pared some pretty good gains by
steels and motors yesterday but the
stock market remained slightly
ahead on average.
For the second straight day,
volume was at the lowest level
since April 1. Turnover dwindled
to 1,770,000 shares from 1,800,000
Thursday.
An early range of advances run-
ing to $2 or so was cut by the
close to around $1. But specialties
sprinted to wider gains.
represents about an hour of pro-
jection time, it never drags; in-
terest is always sustained with a
minimum of effort, it seems. Of
course the amount of time and
care which went into the filming
of these underwater scenes must
have been enormous.
TWO OTHER short features
are also presented. "Down Free-
dom Road" is a tiresome Warner
Brothers affair vaguely designed
to convince theatre audiences that
this is a pretty good country, after
all. With the aid of an endless as-
sortment of ham actors, the
scenes of early US history are, re-
created for the benefit of a way-
ward busload of cross-country
travelers.
Every possible stereotype is
present: Ben Franklin with blond
bangs, a goofy Abe Lincoln, etc.
And all these apparitions appear
at the command of a ghostly trav-
eler on this bus, probably one of
the Warner brothers.
The other feature tells how the
Air Reserve is protecting the
country.
-David Kessel
Washington
Merry-
Go-
Round
By DREW PEARSON
WASHINGTON - With sum-
mer vacations 'coming for mil-
lions of Americans, Congressman
Earl Chudoff, Philadelphia Demo-
crat, is starting a congressional
probe of Eisenhower policy regard-
ing recreation spots.
Specifically he Is looking into
the fact that areas around the big
dams and reservoirs owned by
Uncle Sam are no longer set aside
for recreational purposes, but kept
by private interests.
Harold Ickes, the old curmud-
geon who served as Roosevelt's
Secretary of the Interior, and
Oscar Chapman, his successor un-
der Truman, acquired the land
around federal waterways.
Naturally when the government
builds a dam or improves a water-
way, the land around it becomes
more valuable, and the federal
government took advantage of th's
increase.
Chudoff's preliminary probe,
hovever, has found that on Oct.
12 1953, nin' months after Ike
took office, this policy was chang-
ed.
le has also discovered that the
U.S. Chamber of Commerce was
the prime instigator of the change.
It claimed that the public play-
grounds around dams and reser-
voirs were "saxialistic."
* * *
FROM OCTOBER 1953, there-
fore, the Bureau of Reclamation
and the Army Engineers have not
purchased the land, but acquired
"flowage easements" through land
surrounding dams and reservoirs.
Actually, these easements cost
about as much as the land would
cost the taxpayers; little money
was saved.
But here has been the result
when it comes to vacation lands
for the American public.
Three big federal reservoirs are
under construction: Garrison in
North Dakota, Fort Randall in
South Dakota, anddOahe, which
straddles the border between
North arid South Dakota.
In all three cases the Army has
been barred from acquiring title
to surrounding land for use by
the public.
CONGRESSWOMAN Edna Kel-
ly (D., N.Y.) had an unpublicized
brush with Russia's Deputy .For-
eign Minister Mikoyan the other
day while both happened to be
staying at the Ambassador Krantz
Hotel in Vienna.
One evening, Mrs. Kelly stepped
into the hotel's telephone booth-
sized elevator just as Mikoyan's
party arrived. The hotel manager,
obeisant before Mikoyan. beck-
oned to Mrs. Kelly to vacate the
elevator and make room for the
Soviet big shot.
Mrs. Kelly firmly stood her
ground.
"I'm sorry! I'm sorry!" she said.
Then turning to the elevator op-
erator, she ordered: "You take
me to the third floor."
Mikoyan was flustered for a
moment, then shrugged and
walked up the stairs while the
Congresswoman from Brooklyn
rode.
(Copyright 1957 by Bell Syndicate Inc)
F AILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The Daily Official Bulletin IS an
official publication of the University
of Michigan for which the Michi-
gan Daily assumes no editorial re-
sponsiblilty. Notices should be sent
in TYPE WRITEN form to Room
3519 Administration Building, be-
fore 2 p.m. the day preceding
publication. Notices for Sunday
Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday.
SATURDAY, JUNE 29, 1957
VOL. LXVIII, NO. 5
General Notices
The Summer Session Choir I open
to all students enrolled in or employee
of the University. Rehearsals are held
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and
T:ursday evenings, 7:00-8:00 p.m., In
Aud. D, Angell Hall. Auditions at 8:00
p.m. at the above time and place.
Recreational Swimming - Women's
Pool. The Women's Pool is open for
recreational swimming as follows:
Women Students: Mon., Wed., Sat.,
2:30-4:30 p.m., F. 3:00-5:00 p.m., M.
through Thurs., 5:20-6:10 p.m. Mon.,
8:15-9:15 p.m,, Tues., Thurs., 7:15-9:15
p.m.
Co-Rec Swimming: wed. 8:15-9:15
p.m.; Sat. 7:15-9:15 pm., Sun., 3:00-
5:00 p.m. (women students may invite
gentlemen friends.)
Faculty Night: Friday 6:30-8:00 p.m.
(Families with children under 8 years)
Friday~ 8:00-9:30 p.m. (For other fac-
ulty families)
American Society of Plant Physiolo-
gists, Midwestern Section, is holding
its annual meeting at Rackham, third
floor. All interested persons on the
campus are invited Today's program:
8:30-10 A.M., concurrent round table
discussions (I): Apparent Free Space,
Nitrogen Fixation, Giberellin. 10 A.M.-
12 Noon, concurren round table dis-
cussions (II): Foliar Absorption, Bio-
14
RYAN AND THE NEWS:
Moscow vs. Peiping
Seem
To Be Echoing
WE SEE WHERE Vice-president Richard M.
Nixon is a staunch defender of America's
security.
Speaking before the United States Junior
Chamber of Commerce Tuesday, Nixon, a man
with original ideas on defense said "anyone
who would make substantial cuts in the de-
fense budget below the amounts recommended"
is risking the nation's security.
This same individual also said the billion
dollars we are spending for economic assist-
ance to uncommitted countries is "an invest-
ment in our freedom and independence."
The Vice-president's partner in original
ideas, Secretary of State John Foster Dulles,
has been saying the same things these past
few days. r
Their words seem like good ones; they con-
tain advice well worth heeding and express
doctrines essential to our countries well be-
ing. Seems, though, like we've heard the same
words before. Wasn't it when a Mr. Barkley
and a Mr. Acheson were in office?
--RENE GNAM
By WILLIAM L. RYAN
Associated Press Foreign News Analyst
RECENT developments indicate
the Soviet bloc will refuse to
see any deviation in Chinese lead-
er Mao Tze-tung's statement that
"contradictions" between rulers
and ruled, can exist in a Commu-
nist-run society.
But there are signs of a real,
underlying conflict, removed from
the abstractions of Marxist-Len-
inist interpretation.
The Chinese have adopted a dee-
vious means of underlining it and
give the impression they want this
developing breach to be healed.
Premier Chou En-lai this week
went down the line point by point
for Soviet leadership of Commu-
nist affairs around the globe.
* * *
THIS SPEECH, and events pre-
ceding it, appeared to point up
a difference between Moscow and
Peiping over the extent of econ-
omic and other aid the Russians
have given and are prepared to
give to their impatient neighbor.
This conflict is based on hard r&
alities,
Mao's request for criticism
killed two birds with one stone.
It showed the regime where re-.
sistance was coming from. It also
brought out a charge of Soviet
niggardliness in supporting Red
China economically.
Some of the critics spoke bit-
terly about China's repaying loans
for prosecution of the Korean
War. While the Red Chinese re-
gime may pretend not to go along
with this criticism, it nevertheless
has brought it out for the Rus-
sians to hear.
THE RUSSIANS are not too
anxious to see rapid economic de-
velopment in China.
That would mean a mighty in-
dustrialized nation of 600 million
camped on Soviet borders, shar-
ing or even overshadowing Soviet
influence in Asia and other un-
derdeveloped areas.
But neither the Soviet Union
nor Red China can afford any
open split. Red China, with her
economic and political conditions,
is in no position to assert leader-
ship in the Communist world. She
must play second fiddle to Mos-
cow. For China's brand of "so-
cialism" has its own peculiar
problems.
If there truly were a split along
ideological lines, you'd not ex-
pect Moscow to export the Mao
embellishments of Marxism-Len-
inism.
'THE PAPERS OF CHRISTIAN GAUSS':
Warm, Life-Like Portrait of an Outstanding Man
INTERPRETING THE NEWS:
Dulles Even GTougher'
By J. M. ROBERTS
Associated Press News Analyst
N THE MATTER of Red China, everybody's
out of step except the United States.
Secretary Dulles has made a most impas-
sioned explanation of why the United States
cannot and, he says, Neill not, recognize Red
China, trade with Red China, or permit Red
China's entry into the United Nations.
Editorial Staff
VERNON NAHROANG, Editor
Dulles bases a part of his argument on the
belief that Communist rule in China will not
prove permanent, and that the United States
should do nothing to prolong its life.
He says recognition would do that, and would
weaken the will of Chinese abroad, as well as
the will of other Asiatics, to hold out against
ceommunism.
At the same time, the British Common-
wealth, led by Great Britain, America's most
important ally, were agreeing that Red China
has come to stay as a nation and tust even-
tually be admitted to the United Nations.
France has adopted the British view that
the Western nations should resume trade with
Red China at least within the higher limits
THE PAPERS OF CHRISTIAN
GAUSS, Edited by Katherine
Gauss Jackson and H ir a m
Haydn. New York: Random
House, 1957
By JUDITH ANN PRIOR
THE PAPERS of Christian Gauss
is a collection of commentar-
ies on life by a man of many in-
terests and enthusiasms. The late
Dr. Gauss was for many years the
Dean of the College at Princeton
University. His daughter, Kather-
ine Gauss Jackso , fiction editor
of Harper's Magazine, and Hiram
Haydn. editor-in-chief of Random
House, Inc., have presented parts
of his diaries, lectures, notes and
correspondence, with no intent of
compiling a biography, but rather
perception of the beauties of the
world give the most pleasure:
"The sun had just set and light
had gone out of the trees where
for a long time it had hung gold-
en. It was that delicious moment
when the air turns blue and the
skies are gray. The streets grow
wider, the passers-by are farther
apart and silence seems to fall
out of the evening skies."
This is one of the dozens of
beautiful word-paintings that re-
veal the aesthetic sense of a high-
ly complex and intense man.
Also included in this section is
a long letter to an undergraduate,
discussing the intellectual atti-
tude of the "lost generation," why
it had come about, and how it
should be combated.
Here the reader sees the man
concerned with his students' prob-
lems of adjustment and action,
and also there are interesting
sidelights on his love of football.
This man, who was a president
of Phi Beta Kappa, was also the
chairman of the University Coun-
cil on Athletics, and never missed
a Princeton football game.
The lectures show what Edmund
Wilson later called his immense
range of intelligence and infor-
mation" and "peculiar simplici-
ty and ease at generalization."
Throughout he book the reader is
tremendously aware of the scope
of his man's knowledge, yet his
writing never becomes obscure or
esoteric.
COMRTNED WITH the fact that
noting the imperfections of the
work these writers sent to him,
he goes on to praise their valid
and substantial virtues.
His engaging spirit is displayed
in this excerpt from a letter to
Edmund Wilson: " .. . to a By-
ron fan like myself who is willing
to take doggerel if it makes your
pulse beat faster, in general James'
characters have too much lymph
in their veins. Let's quarrel about
it later,"
* * *
THE BOOK concludes w i t h
Gauss' views on retirement, for he
disliked the idea of useless old
age. The epilogue, an account of
his last evening, is written by a
woman who with her husbaAd had
shared the Gauss' home for sev-
0..,