Sixty-Seventh Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
. Opinions Are Free UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
th Will Prevail" STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH.* Phone NO 2-3241
"Think The UN Will Do Anythine About Hungary?"
Today
and
Tomorrow
By WALTER LIPPMANN
""4.J-
---"..
wr~AR'"" K '
printed in
The Michigan Daily exp ress the individual opinions of staff writers or
the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
I
JGUST 10, 1957
NIGHT EDITOR: RENE GNAM
Ann Arbor Housing ,
-K"Deplorable Condition
NN ARBOR'S most serious perennial prob-
lem' is beginning to show the annual signs
awakening again--and this time it promises
>e even more serious than in past years.
'here is no doubt that the high cost of
sing in this city is. directly resultant, from
presenceof the University with its thou-
ds of students and faculty members who,
ause of their transient nature, take tempo-'
y housing for periods of one to five years
he most convenient and available facilities.
Vith the annual increase in enrollments, the
nber to be accommodated in housing grows
dily. The expected 24,100 enrollment this
would be an increase of 2,000 over last
r's actual attendance. This brings 2,000 more
sons to Ann Arbor, searching for housing in
at has already.become a "tight" situation.
HE UNIVERSITY makes a substantial at-
tempt at housing a large number of those
dents in attendance, but it capnot come near
>mmodating all. Of the 2,000-student in-
ase expected in the fall, 600 is the figiure
n for additional spaces in the .Residence
is systen to alleviate the rise in enrollment.
There the other 1,400 students are to go is
e conjecture-with additional numbers ex-
ted to be commuting and finding quarters
he "hinterlands" or outlying districts of the
Z Arbor area. But the greater part of this
iber will nevertheless have to suffer the
mnveniences of Ann Arbor housing-if they
find it.
or the number that the University d'oes
se, it does an admirable job. The Residence
Is here are far superior to those at other
Ten schools and they offer the resident
tively economical living in highly attractive
desirable quarters.
rhether or not the University accommodates;
.gh persons, howeyer, is a debatable sub-
For in the light of the Ann Arbor housing
ation, it would be generally concluded that
University should be takinig a greater part
lousing its students instead of leaving them
crounge for themselves amidst the deplor-
local conditions.
HAT, THEN, are these conditions that ren-
der housing in the city of Ann Arbor such a
or problen for students-and anyone else-
:Ling a room or an apartment?
he facts are that Ann Arbor landlords (and
iladies) obviously consider the student-or
one else seeking housing-as fair game for
easonable rents and ridiculously unkept
ns, that these same property owners are
position to say "take it or leave it" and
m it, and that, as a result, Ann Arbor's
of living is notoriously high, one of the
highest in the United States.
lready Ann Arbor landlords, we are told,
e begun the annual summertime pastime of
ing rents. One young couple was informed
recently that their unfurnished three-room
apartment in the campus area would cost them
$115 a month from now on, a $15 raise in rates.
Others have complained of similar $10 to $15
raises in less expensive and less attractive
furnishings.
These people need not pay, of course-they
can move out. The landlord is not worried
about finding another customer. In the process,
he would probably take the advantage of hiking
the rent another $5 or $10, too, while he had
the opportunity.
YET ALL this might even possibly be reason-
able-although we don't seriously think so-
if only the quality of housing to be found here
were at least decent. But it is not at all decent.
Probably some of the most dispicable housing
in the country is to be found here in. Ann
Arbor. Apartments may have running water,
but the tenant never knows when the water will'
be running-or when, if it runs, it will be hot
or lukewarm. Electrical fixtures in many Quar-
ters have been allowed to burn out completely
without thought of replacement.
Obviously the student at the University who
is at all concerned about where he lives has
no business being so concerned. In AnnArbor
the attitude is one of beligerency and complete
lack of care or interest.
Then, add to this miserable picture the Uni-
versity regulations on where its student shall
live-regulations that are at best ignored today,
--and the result is a perfectly confused picture
of a drastic housing situation that sees stu-
dents forced to fight for poor quality housing
in order to stay around. Perhaps the best solu-
tion for the student is to live as far from Ann
Arbor as possible and commute daily-and this
solution precludes the necessary transportation
while excluding the atmosphere of the Univer-
sity community.
OWEVER, we feel the situation is needing
of more drastic attention and less humorous
retrospect. Housing in Ann Arbor is priced far
above its negligible value and at present there:
are no reforms in sight.
What is needed is a set of rent controls,
federal, state or local, through which the
city's many property owners could get no
more than a fair-to-good price for their run-
down living quarters. Only through such gov-
ernmental controls will the students and resi-
dents who need housing in Ann Arbor ever
receive a resemblance of a fair deal from this
city's professional landlords.
A second-best solution would be greater
participation on the part of the University in
housing more of its students. But this would
almost ignore the real crux of the problem-
Ann Arbor's overpriced, overvalued, overaged
housing.
-VERNON NAHRGANG
Editor
IT IS NOT, it seems to me, a true
reading of what has happened
about civil rights to suppose that
the Senate has taken a good and
a strong bill and has made it in-
to a poor and a weak one.
The Senate version is, on the
contrary, a far better bill than
the one brought forward by Mr.
Brownell and accepted in the
House.
The radical vice of the original
bill is that it promises more than
the President and the Attorney
General can in fact perform.
It invests the Federal Executive
with nominal power and an enor-
mous mandate, that of compelling
the Southern states to cease and
desist from all violation of civil
rights, including segregation in
the public schools.
Because the 'bill promises so
much more than the Federal Exe-
cutive can possibly, do, it is fair to
say that it was drafted not by
statesmen seriously concerned
with the civil rights of Southern
Negroes but by Northern politi-
cians concerned with the vote of
Northern Negroes.
* * *
FOR IF the President were to do
what innocent supporters of the
Brownell bill have been led to ex-
pect him to do, he would find
himself embroiled all over the
deep ISouth in fierce legal battles
and popular commotions.
Such a massive Federal inter-
vention, as the House bill calls for,
would surely provoke a sectional
resistance which would divide the
country and would embitter the
human condition of the South.
And if the President hesitated
and was cautious, he would be"
charged with violating his oath of
office.
He would be subject to all man-
ner of demagogic pressure and to
popular, reprisals.
If President Eisenhower had
understood the problem, he would
now be congratulating himself
on the defeat of the House bill.
He would have found himself
obligated to do quickly by wide-
spread legal coercion what can in
fact be done, as he well knows,
only gradually by the evolution of
opinion.
* . *
I
4pp9
_ ..
/I
Wash"
Merry-
4uo.
lound
,
THE 'MARTY CYCLE'
New Trend in Film,Litratur
Cry of the Reactionary Press.
T HE "Anti-Communism At Any Cost" cru-
sade seems to be the last battle cry of the
numbskulls. Although most University students
and other reasonably normal individuals usu-
ally avoid publications of the reactionary press
like a sensitive nose avoids an open cesspool,
it might be well to glance occasionally into the
rubbish pile to see what the self-styled pro-
tectors of America have to say.
The Supreme Court's recent decisions have
earned it the title "Tool of tle Kremlin." 'In-
tegration is equated with cdmmunization. Nas-
ser is the hero of the East. The UN is a dead-
ly menace. Our best bet is electing MacArthur
President, bombing China, calling in all for-
eign aid loans, glorifying France, Trujillo, and
other 'successful dictators, annexing Canada
and Mexico, and above all, keeping that lqw
tax rate for oil producers.
BUT, AS THE integration movement makes
fresh headway, foreign aid is continued, the
UN shows no signs of disbanding, and other
fond hopes of these neo-isolationists come to
nothing, the "Anti-Communism At Any Cost"
slogan is shouted still more loudly.
Here, at least, is a statement of half-truth
which may influence the gullible perhaps.
somewhat more than talk of imprisoning Earl
Warren for sedition.
However, if one adopts this slogan instead of
the more defensible "Freedom At Any Cost"
which has guided this country until now, the
result may be less than happy.
For if the enemies of communism, whoever
they are, must be our friends and leaders, we
must embrace, among other curiosities, the
ghost of A. Hitler.
IN A RECENT issue of a nationally-circulated
magazine dedicated to "Anti-Communism"
there appeared an editorial on the subject
of Germany, unsigned of course.
A few choice sentences: "Germany as a
people and as a nation has been unspeakably
mistreated. Two promoted wars ravaged that
country.
"As a climax to the "conspiracy" came the
tragic, unprecedented Neuremberg war trials.
Then came the sinister division of that coun-
try into East and West.
"Godless Communism can only be defeated
with a strong united Germany."
So speak the defenders of Liberty, but their
audience is difficult to imagine.
-DAVID KESSEL
THE GREAT virtue of the Sen-
ate's bill is that it reduces the
responsibilities of the Executive
branch of the government to a
manageable size.
The responsibilities are man-
ageable because the Senate bill
registers an historic event-name-
ly agreement with the big politi-
cal leaders of the South that the
time has arrived to secure and
protect by Federal intervention
the civil rights of qualified Ne-
groes to vote.
The reason the Senate bill is'
really "stronger" than the House
bill is that underneath the pow-
ers granted to enforce the criti-
cal civil right to vote there is the
agreement to acquiesce and to
comply in the acknowledgment of
that right.
The Senate bill can be enacted
without a filibuster. What this
signifies is that it can be used
effectively without provoking the
resistance of a more or less united
South.
Whether the Senate bill will be
used effectively depends not on
Congress but on the Administra-
tionr-on whether it is disinter-
ested, on whether it is lucid, and
on whether it has the imagina-
tion to make the most of what the
Senate leaders have conceded.
Led by Sen Russell of Georgia.
and Sen. Lyndon Johnson of Tex-
as, they have acknowledged the-
constitutional right of qualified
Negroes to vote and they have ac-
cepted the principle that the Fed-
eral governmentshas the right and
the duty to intervene to protect
this right.
To. reject this concession, to
treat it as uninteresting and un-
important, would be stupid and
foolish.
The Senate bill, precisely be-
cause it is based on such wide
consent in the South, differs not
in degree but in kind from the.
Brownell draft and the House bill.
THE BILL has certain defects,
which are quite incidental, most
importantly, the jury trial amend-
ment should be limited to the
field covered by the bill itself-
namely the protection and the se-
curing of the right to vote.
Without sacrificing anything of
principle 'or of substance, the
Senate should agree to correct
this mistake.
If that is done, there will be no
ground on which the House can
reasonably reject the Senate bill.
There will be none on 'which the
President can veto it.
For the bill is not only a great
a'dvance in the civil rights of the
Southern Negroes. It is a very
great advance in the concurrence
on a dangerous issue of the nation
as a whole.
(Editor's Note: David A. Munro,
an instructor in the English Lan-,
guage Institute and a past contri-
butor to The Daily, writesthe. fp-
lowing article as a look at a, new
trend in film making.)
By DAVID A. MUNRO
THIS IS written in the belief
that what might be called the
"Marty cycle" evidences a new
trend not only in movies but in
literature as well.
First, let us look at the research
data. The accompanying chart
lists the array of films to be con-
sidered.
And, lest the criteria of selection
appear too subjective, theymay, be
stated or approximated as:.1) a
certain tightness of plot, 2) a re-
liance on writing to attract audi-
ences rather than, a reliance on
stars, color, wide-screen, and the
like, and 3) a certain personal-
drama realism.
This listing is more typical than
conclusive. Certainly there are
many which should be on this list.
Possibly the cycle should have
started with "The Wild One," or
with "The Oxbow Incident," or
with "The Informer." Every de-
cade has had at least one.
.But we can say, to justify be-
ginning with "Marty," that with
this film "they" have come tum-
bling out, one after the other.
They have become a "cycle," as
Hollywood says it.
* * *
AND cycles are a familiar fea-
ture of the production pattern.
There is the biography cycle, or
"biopic." now at the tail end of
its run but not quite played out.'
Gangster pictures were a cycle
that came and went.
According to some guesses the
success of "Island in the Sun"
assures us that the interracial
picture is the upcoming cycle.
The fact is that in this highly
competitive industry, strictly a
slave to popular taste, cycles are
an inevitable evidence of the
studios' unwillingness to take
chances. Studios would rather pro-
duce a pale copy of a notable suc-
cess than try something .new.
And this is no discredit. Publish-
ers of books and magazines oper-
ate the same way. Broadway plays
follow cycles and there were
clearly marked cycles even , in
Shakespeare's time. ,
* * * -
Title
Marty
The Catered
Affair
Bachelor Party
Crime in the
Streets
12 Angry Men
Dino
Edge of the City
Patterns
The Young
Stranger
Reginald Rose
Reginald Rose
Reginald Rose
Robert Alan
Aurthur
Rod Sterling
Robert Dozier
Reginald Rose,
Reginald Rose
Reginald Rose
Robert Alan
Aurthur
Rod, Sterling
Robert Dozier
New York
New York
New York
New York
indeterminate
Los Angeles
Members of the "Marty Cycle"
with Original Authors and Screenwriters
in the face of the vague nature of
the criteria defining it.
That is, many lay and profes-
sional critics will concede that'the
listing above is accurate while
questioning the stated criteria of
its selection. In contrast, biopics,
westerns, cloak and dagger and
the" like, all are clearly marked as
to their cycle membership.
We therefore take upon our-
selves the task of dispelling some
of the vagueness surrounding the
"Marty" cycle and of getting at,
possibly thereby, its importance
in contemporary literature.
A first point, which does not
look like a literary point at all at
first blush, is that nearly all the
"Marty" cycle pictures are movie
adaptations of TV dramas.
IN SOME measure this indicates
that TV has changed American
taste in films. It comes about be-
cause TV drama is necessarily
limited to techniques effective on
the small TV screens.
The closeup in general is pre-
f erred to the scenic. Perfect for
the art is the arresting face con-
torted by pain, sorrow, anger,
love, or open-mouthed wonder.
This implies, at least for the
"Marty cycle," that violence is
avoided and that if there are
scenes of horror or term these are
best told by looking at the faces.
of witnesses.
However, this is new only in,
emphasis., But having stated and
established this emphasis, we have,
made a literary point. We are say-
ing that the TV technique com-
pels writers to use indirect devices
for, their more powerful effects,
the devices of Koestler, Faulkner,
Tennessee Williams andothers.
BUT the most important influ-
ence.of TV is quite different. It
is the testing mpdium for its-by
comparison -'highbrow sire, the
movie.
TV is vast and omniverous.
There is a place on it for old
movies and new movies, for would-
be and never-could-be movies, for
the good, the bad,'the indifferent,
for scripts with water-thin plats,
but also for scripts that are sin-
cere and solid..
We are told that most Ameri-"
cans sit uncritically before their,
TV sets two and three hours a day,
and this is consumption in un-
dreamed-of quantity.
Now, if we go back to look 'at
our criteria, we find other things
emerging. The primaiy.import-
ance of plot, for instance, comes
from the necessity for the kind of
drama which can be told so largely
in closups and can be mirrored
in facial expressions.
And here we must tie into a
related influence now emergent in
the New York theater.
* * *
THIS is the school .of acting
which says that the actor should'
live his part, not merely act it.'
It says that the audience is in-
terested, in the part, not in; the
portrayer of it. Naturally, tie ex-
perimenters of the "Marty cycle,"
who are principally authors, find
these non-egocentric actors very
convenient for their purposes.
The "personal-drama realism"
cones in as a standard ingredient
possibly because this is the day of
the psychologist.
Typically, writers of these in-
tensely -.organized: dramas have
put their characters into grueling
situations w h i c h progressively,
strip defenses from 'them.
In "Twelve Angry Men," for in-
stance, at least 11 of the men re-'
veal their hearts and their waver-
ing egos to the others and even
to themselves as the conflict
deepens. The pressure of events
similarly unmasks the celebrants
in "Bachelor Party.,"
THESE, then, are the criteria
which seem. to define the new
cycle. And it is interesting to note
the purely literary points involved.
There is the commitment to in-
direction as a method, the pre-
eminence of. plot and the vivisec-
tion of personalities.
If we were to tell the truth
about most pure cycles, we would
cofifess that they have always re-
sulted in the pale-copy, the de-
rivative, the second-best.
On the other hand, writing
within the "Marty cycle" is pos-
sibly the most challenging and ex-
citing task available in the liter-
ary marts of the moments.
* * '*
"HOW FAR this literary trend
will go is difficult to predict. Most
of these screen-plays have appear-
0. ,c ~ n, ntr _ Fh -ns-fn# _Fn
Original Author Screenwriter
Paddy Chayefsky Paddy Chayefsky
Locale
New York
Paddy Chayefsky Gore Vidal New York
Paddy Chayefsky Paddy Chayefsky New York
By DREW PEARSON
WASHINGTON - Despite Pr
dent Eisenhower's angry
nial that he ever appointed
ambassador because of polit
contributions, the Senate Fore
Relations Committee has disc
ered quite by accident that
state department clears every C
lomatic appointment with the 2
publica National Committee.
A state department stenograp
made a slip and sent the" wr
letters to Foreign Relations Ch
man Theodore Green (D., R.I.
The letters were supposed
have been sent to the rank
Republican, Sen. Alexander W
of Wisconsin. Instead, Democ
Senator Green was assured
two occasions that ambassad
nomingees had been cleared w
the Republican National C(
mittee.
Green has now demanded
know whether the state depi
ment or the Republican Natic
Committee is running our di
matic service.
The foreign relations commi
is also tracing the political c
tributions of key ambassadors
finds overwhelming evidence t
Ike just didn't know what he
talking about or else wasn't tel)
the truth when he said camp
contributions didn't influence
lomatic appointments.
The committee's findings i
cate that diplomatic posts are1
on the auction block and al
sold for cash on the barrelheac
campaign contributors
** *
THE CHIEF money-raiser
last year's campaign, GOP t
tional treasurer J. Clifford Foli
was appointed ambassador to
glum. He and his wife not o
raised money, but gave $10,00<
of their own pockets.
Aside from his money-rais
ability, Folger has no otherkix
qualifications for . handling
complicated foreign affairs.
Total contributions of $,f
have been traced to James Dea
Zellerbach's immediate famn
He's the California paperbox k
who was named ambassador
Italy,. a juicy diplomatic plumt
Ike's new ambassador to 1'ra
Amory Houghton, coughed
$6,000 and his son gave anot
$2,500.
John Hay Whitney, ambassa
to Britain, has long been ,-
Republican contributor. Ten 0
tributions have been traced t I
and his, wife, totaling *30,1
Other family mebers" alsk4
nated heavily to the 195 'ca
paign.
The former ambassador to p
mark, Robert T. Goe' got his
after contrbuting to the 3ik
hower campaign in 1952. Hei
portedly was asked for a more s
stantial donation in 1956. The r
ords show his family scraped
$6,190.,
"It$was more than that. I do'
led my' 1952 contribution," 4
told this column by fong-dista
phone from his home in Cc
WGUyo, But apparently it wa ,
enough; he was kicked out as a
bassador.
Coe ;admitted he. was surpri
at his replacement, but denie
had anything to do with his ca
paign offering.
"Don't you get me in troil
in Washington," he said.
IT'S NO secret that only a P4
centage of the actual campa
contributions are officially
corded.
The balance is often passel 1
der the table. All Ike's noncaz
ambassadors are known to4
donated to the political pot.
However, it's difficult to tr
the individual contributions,
example, Jefferson Patterson, a
bassador to, Uruguay, gave $4,
to the Eisenhower campaign
Dayton, Ohio. The records .a
show another $20,000 contribu
by Jefferson Patterson andl
wife in Washington.
Robert Thayer, ambassador
Rumania. is listed as donat
'$1,000 via the American £mba
in Vienna, Austria.
Two contributions of $1,00 i
$2,000, respectively, have b
traced to Mrs. Thayer in Vien
Still another $2,000 shows up
the record, contributed by M
Thayer in Washington.
The evidence clearly shows tl
the political spoils system is I
lowed in handing out diplona
posts. This may explain why'
United States has suffered
many diplomatic setbacks,
(Copyright 1957 by Bell Syndicate In
DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The Daily Offieia Bulletin Is a
official publication of the niveruit
THE uniqueness of
cycle," however, lies
fact of its cyclicity
fact that it can be a
the "Marty
not in the
but in the
cycle at all,
INTERPRETING THE NEWS:
Russia ies Arms Aid
AT MUSIC CIRCLE:
1 rigadoon' Splendid
By J. M. ROBERTS
Associated Press News. Analyst
ARE THE ALLIES, by offering important
concessions at the London disarmament
conference, convincing the Russians that they
01 + ' Dut
will never react to any incident in such fashion
as to risk atomic war?
If Russia is' getting that idea, then a great
part of the deterrent power of atomic weapons
is being lost.
Russia armed the North Koreans and pre-
cipitated a serious war.
She armed the Egyptians and created a
serious crisis in the Middle East. I
Now she is arming the Yemeni, who fre-
quently attack the British in Aden.
The Allies reacted in Korea but carefully
refrained from the use of nuclear weapons.
Russia finally initiated a cease-fire, ap-
parently convinced that such adventures might
THIS WEEK Producer Robert
Adams has blended the young
and impressive talents of his Mu-
sic Circle cast with the songs and
story of one of Broadway's "per-
fect" musicals.
"Brigadoon," which opened
Tuesday night for a one-week run
under the big striped tent in
northwest Detroit, just happens
to be a 'natural" show, a show;
that can be given effectiyely by,
any group-amateur or profes-
sional...
Lady," Loewe and Lerner, and
are deservedly well-remembered:
"Brigadoon," "I'll Go Home With
Bonnie Jean," "The Heather on
the Hill," "Almost Like Beinb in
Love," and others.
* * *
RICHARD ARMBRUSTER is a
handsome Tommy with the best
male voice heard at Music Circle
this season. Opposite him, Betty
McNamara defies description as
the most attractive, mst talented
'lir v _n . n l .. YL A v +~ '
Editorial Staff
VERNON NAHRGANG, Editor
HILLYER....................Sports'Editor
GNAM..N.....i...... ..... ..........Night Editor
RE.NR,