£cdy*rwn &zBt
Sixty-Seventh Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241
n Opinions Are Free
uth Will Prevail"
ditorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staf f writers or
the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
AUGUST 6, 1957
NIGHT EDITOR: VERNON NAHRGANG
Asian Cultures' Theme
Success fui for Summer
WEEK the University concluded its
ner Session series of "Asian Cultures
Modern American" programs after a
ig six weeks of interesting supplemen-
rning.
ghout the period, the lectures, "Glimp-
grams, exhibitions and special events.
ned a fairly high excellence in organi-
md content. The cooperation of the
eaters, speech department production,
er units of the University were also
dent and added greatly to the overall
>f the program.
s, in fact, primarily due, to inter-
ental cooperation that "Asian Cultures"
opular. A program of lectures alone, set
central committee for all units of the
by, couid not have the attraction nor
fllence without additional attractions.
nmer's lectures, for example, would not.
d the power to sustaine by themselves
le "Asian Cultures" program.
THE managers of lectures never seem
nderstand is that rarely, if ever, does a,
netrating, illuminating talk ever go
th .a "big name" or a dignitary. Some
ast informative talks this summer were
persons. Indian Ambassador Mehta,
had little to say of real importance in
tssion of Indian affairs, in spite of his
te recognition of the University's affec-
"stimulation."-Often such ,persons, in
)matic service or in politics, are in no
to speak up on the real issues of the
heard before or are of little real importance-
aside from a general attempt to acquaint
someone withi a field entirely new to him.
This summer's lecture series has seen both
of these, but they have been in the minority
to a more solid number of talks. Yet these are
the inevitable problems that arise in planning
a lecture series and in many cases, in order
to "round out" a program, they cannot be
avoided.
OBVIOUSLY, this is where the supplementa-
tion by and cooperation of the other de-
partments comes into the picture. By adding
to this series of talks so varied in their worth,
the supplementary attractions broaden what
has already been said-or, in some cases, nar-
row it-and provide a less, formal means of
accepting what is offered.
The "Glimpses" series has done this, and
more. Arranged so that the Japanese "Glimpse"
came on the same day as a lecture on Japan--
and carried on in this method throughout the
series-a, particular day would in more ways
than one present an interesting picture of the
subject from at least two different points of
view.
It is the interdepartmental willingness to
cooperate, made easier through the Summer
Session's organi7,ation, then, that brings success
to such a program as this summer's "Asian
Cultures.",
It seems, therefore, that the fall and spring
semesters could realize they importance of this
cooperation and see their departmental units
.work more closely toward a unified presentation,
of some subject of equal importance as "Asian
Cultures and the Modern American."
-VERNON NAHRGANG
Editor
who are had through a lec-
ent what are perhaps more
but what nevertheless are
tions which have either been
r.,
R--
ND THE NEWS-:
shchev's Farm Problems
By WILLIAM L. RYAN,
Associated Press Foreign News Analyst
NIKITA Khrushchev vows to use milk, meat
and butter as a battering ram to smash
tiough-cpjtalism. -But he may be headed for
se4ous trouble, because Soviet cattle don't
seem to be cooperating.
After defeating his Kremlin foes the Com-
munist party chief's big bid for public support
is a promise that the USSR by 1960 will catch
up with the United States in per capita meat,
butter and milk production.
If he means this and really tries it, he may
'destroy his own power in the effort. If he
doesn't mean it, he will add one more to the
long chain of broken promises 'made to an
increasingly aware Soviet public.
The Kremlin's big butter and meat man won
his purge victory by a slim margin. There is
no reason to assume the struggle is over.
Strong opposition remains to any threat of
cutback in Soviet heavy industry, which builds
military and world political power. But with-
out a serious cutback, Khrushchev has little
hope of achieving his consumer goals for
decades to come.
But there are shoals ahead. Despite Moscow
reports of huge economic gains, there is evi-
dence this year's grain crop will be many mil-
lions of tons below last year's bumper output.
This piomises to aggravate the main Soviet
agricultural problem-severe shortages of ani-
mal fodder.
HAT'S THE matter with Soviet food pro-
duction? It's an old story. The farmer is at
the bottom of the economic ladder. He has re-
ceived little but promises of future rewards.
Rapid industrialization of the USSR has been
at his expense. He pays now for the empha-
sis on heavy industry.
The peasant often has little interest in the
collective farm into which he has been regi-
nented. His attitude is likely to be: "It's not
my cow and its not my equipment."
Collective farm deliveries of products to the
state at virtually confiscatory prices in the
past all but extinguished peasant enthusiasm
for cooperative farming.
The situation has been somewhat eased
since Stalin's death-another bow to a grow-
ing phenomenon in the Soviet Union which
looks suspiciously like public opinion.
The collective has paid and continues to pay
heavily in produce for use of machinery doled
out by a government administration. The farm
can own light machinery. Compared with in-
dustrial workers, peasants are poorly paid.
Even the produce from their "kitchen gard-
ens" had been subject to compulsory deliver-
ies to the state, though Khrushchev says now
Editorial Staff
VERNON NAHRGANG, Editor
JOHN HILLYER.............. .........Sports Editor
RENE ONAM...........................Night Editor
he wiil end that in order to increase the pea-
sants' "material self-interests."
In addition to all this, skilled help has been
siphoned from the farms for city industries,
a condition the regime recently has been
trying to correct.
The peasant appears to have a resentment
over his lack of any voice in farm policies and
over the fact that the regime's insistence on
the all-out \heavy industry program promises
him little relief,
AGAINST this background, the prospects for
swift increases in Soviet food production
seem dim. Even what the USSR has it can-
not seem to use efficiently in such a system.
For example, ,the USSR has a dairy cow
population 10 per cent bigger than that of the
United States. It serves a population 15. to 20,
per cent bigger.
At the same time, better feeding and breed-
ing makes the total milk output in the United
States twice that of the Soviet Union.
In 1953 Khrushchev admitted the over-all
Soviet livestock situation was worse than in
1917. There has been little significant advance
in this picture since 1953. Milk output re-
mains low.,
In some tegions, livestock population has
Adecreased because of fodder shortages. The
poultry and cattle population is not enough to
meet minimum public demands.
American farm workers achieve 6 to 12
times the labor productivity of their Soviet
counterparts. A recent report prepared for the
Joint Economic Committee of the U.S. Congress,
says of this:
"Even if labor productivity in Soviet agricul-
ture should continue to increase at the rate of
33 per cent each five years, as was officially
claimed to have taken place between 1950
and 1955, it is interesting to note that it
would take Soviet agriculture until at least
1985 to 1990 to reach the 1955 level of labor
productivity in United States agriculture."
THE BASIC difference in the United States
and Soviet food pictures is this:
The United States problem is one of abun-
dance, huge surpluses; and how to adjust a
vast production capacity to demand. For years
the United States has had surpluses.
But the Soviet problem is a constant struggle
to provide a minimum diet for the population.
The USSR always has had shortages.
The congressional study indicates meat and
dairy production in the USSR may still be
below 1928 levels. United States production long
ago exceeded that in 1928.
Russia's prospects for overtaking the United
States at all must be considered very remote,
the congressional report says. The Soviet
dilemma is this: The USSR economy could
provide more food and consumer goods to the .
public if it would forego heavy industry pro-
duction increases.
But the Soviet habit, strongly entrenched, is
to give all-out priority to heavy industry.
Monkeying with this setup could be dyna-
mite. It could signal a weakening of Soviet
LETTERS
.L T ESto the editor
NSA Congress . .
To the Editor:
AS A FORMER staffer of the
United States National Stu
dent Association, I would 'like to
comment o nsome of the sugges-
tions advanced by Ernest Zaplitny
in his editorial Friday.
Zaplitny; NSNSA should forget
about federal aid to undergradu-
ates.
Why should it do so, when Con-
gress has already indicated a will-
ingness- to ease some of the finan-
cial burdens for families with
children in college? The Internal
Revene Act of 1954 contains sevu-
eral revisions endorsed by USNSA
wihch offer appropriate tax relief
to students who work their way
through college and-their parents.
Zaplitny: USNSA should vote
$50,000 for scholarships to needy
Negro students in the South.
This function is already per-
formed by other existing ogani.
zations, notably the National
Scholarship Fund for Negro Stu-
dents.-
Zaplitny: USNSA should make
a statement on civil rights, if it
wishes.
While -having a "policy" on
matters related to student educa-
tional rights may not seem itmpor-
tant to many American students,
it is of vital importance to main-
taining constructive relations with
national student unions overseas,
many of whom play a key part in
the political life of their country.
Zaplitny: USNSA should vote
$25,000 for a scholarship fund to
refugee students, or donate the
sum to an appropriate agency of
the United Nations.
Through a grant from the Ford
Foundation, USNSA already ad-
ministers a $100,000-plus program
to bring foreign student leaders to
this country. Incidentally, it is
also the only representative Amer-
ican student group which is in-
cluded in the non-governmental
organizations maintaining official
liaison wth the United Natons.
Zaplitny: USNSA should an-
nounce plans for a study of stu-
dent exchanges with Iron Curtain
nations.
USNSA has been engaged in
such study for several years. Just
this week, it cabled N i k i t a
Khrushchev of its open "interest"
in long-term academic exchanges
between the United States and the
Soviet Union - a request initially
advanced two years ago without
result. USNSA distinguishes be-
tween such long-term exchange
and the short-term, tourist type
excursions.
Zaplitny: NSUSA should vote
$20,000 for a campaign to enlist
all college student bodies in the
association.
USNSA expends considerable
fort every year in seeking addi-
tional members, a fact reflected in
its continual growth over the past
five years. Because it is completely
staffed by college students and'
because its recruiting activities
are financed from membership
dues, USNSA perhaps has had to
face more than the usual limita-
tions to expansion of any volun-
tary organization.
USNSA's policies have tended to
become stabilized over the past 10
years and hence Congress actions
may have become more predigt-
able, as Zaplitny indicates. At the
same time, I do not believe the or-
ganization has become unrespon-
sive to changes in international,
national and campus events. And,
since delegates rarely attend more
than two or three successive years
before graduation, almost any-
thing can happen at a Congress -
as anyone who has attended them
knows.
-Robert W. Beyers
Patriotism . .
To The Editor:
JOHN Woodruff, writing in the£
July 30 issue of The Daily, under
"Ike and Democracy," makes cer-
tain allegations that call for a
more careful appraisal.
The concurrence of President-
Eisenhower with the Red Marshal
Zhukov that "their (the people's)
greatest satisfaction in life is in
sacrifice to the state, giving to
the state" is strangely interpreted
by Mr. Woodruff as the President
entertaining a 'militaristic and
Prussian' concept of the position
of the state. For the same state-
ment, the President is further ac-
cused of his failure to grasp the
central concept of a Democracy
that each individual has a part in
running the state which is his
servant.
Giving one's everything, includ-
ing one's life, to the security and
betterment of one's state or coun-
try has for ever been deemed as
one of the greatest and noblest
honours that a man can attain.
The state does not become one's
master thereby, but rather it
transcends to the object of one's
devotionand sacrifice. It would
be an idealistic society in which
the people believe in such high and
V ' .
VI .-
AT THE CAMPUS:
ne '-'
Warnrs oes Stfrange Thins
HE WARNER Brothers studio
has made a fantastically comi-
cal effort to make a fantastic
comedy out of "Paris Does Strange
Things" but the overall result,
must be described as a not entirely
successful project.
Ingrid Bergman is, cast as an
obscure Polish Princess, Mel Fer-
rer as a French idler, in this 19th
century story. Mel introduces In-
grid to handsome, capable and
naive General Rollan, who is the
military hero of the moment for
unspecified reasons.
Rollan's political advisers be-
lieve the General can seize the
government and establish himself
as a neo-Napoleon. But Rollan has
no particular ambition except
sniffing out women.
The political advisors put In-
grid up to persuading Rollan that
he has a rendezvous with destiny,
and she almost succeeds. Not quite
though, for another woman makes
off with the General, and amidst
an orgy of vast proportions the
film ends and the audience is left
happy if confused.
* *
FOR THERE is an unmistakable
element of low comedy - through-
out, mostly provided by the sup-
portipg cast, while Ingrid and Mel
play essentially humorless roles.
This contrast between the prin-
cipals and others, together with a
somewhat disconnected story, re-
sults in a less than satisfactory
presentation. Still, there are many
moments of comedy which com-
pensate for these weaknesses of
plot.
Most of this comedy is derived
from the much publicized French
tradition: love-making-anytime,
any place, anywhere. Ingrid is-en-
gaged, for financial reasons, to a
wealthy shoe magnate, who is
willing to sacrifice her to the
affable, balding General in the
interests of a protective tariff'
which the General will presunably
establish if Ingrid persuades him
to become dictator. Is that clear?
The wealthy shoe magnate has
an idiot son who is similarly en-
gaged to a silly girl but likes to
chase one of the servant's who
didn't like ,being cook but sure
enjoyed being maid.
Rollan is eventually exiled to a
remote village by his rivals in the
sphere of power politics, where he
is pursued by this bunch of politi-
cians who make their headquar-
ters in a bordello (wouldn't you
know). Ingrid is brought along by
the conspirators since she can in-
fluence Rollan.
Even after he is spirited out of
the house, under the very noses
of irate government detectives,
only to run off with another wom-
an, Ingrid contents herself with
Mel Ferrer, who has been wander-
ing about waiting for his chance.
.* * *
THE REST of the politicians
find women somewhere, the idiot
son gets the silly girl, and the
peasants crowded outside who had
come to praise the hero Rollan
stick around to kiss each other.
Extras in this film must have had
one grand time rehearsing these
scenes.
So "Paris Does Strange Things"
eventually breaks up into two dis-
tinct films: one piddling melo-
drama of no particular signi-'
ficance, and one hilarious comedy.
Better regard the Bergman-Ferrer
scenes as a framework for the
comic scenes than to look for a
unity which probably isn't there
anyhow.
---David Kessel
mo . -. s r
-$30,000
"What! My Administration Influenced I
hound
By DREW P
9' .
i
S r
-,L t.'~c.
t9 iewt'sttMt q~'co
WASHINGTON- Joh Co'
ithe N eg ro politican
placed the amazing full-pag
Hoffa adve'rtisement in the
ington edition of the Afro-A
can during the cri inal tr:
Teamster strong-man Jimmy
fa, seemed anixous to talk
anything exoept the ad
finally reached on the tele
in Detroit. -
He squirmed,.alibied, hesi
and refused to give any ex
tion whatsoever as to whc
written and paid for the in
matory ad obviously publish
the purpose of influencing
eight Negro members, of the
Cowling is an emrployee '
Wayne County Treasurer's 4
and not, eractly -.in a positi
pay for the ad himself.
This sensational ad, iplus
stories in the Afro-Americal
the presence of ex-boxing C
Joe Louis in the courtroom
friend of Hoffa,'may have
Hoffa's surprise acquittal.
Negro members of the
however, said that race di
enter the matter.
Mr. Cowling, when first re
on the phone 'in Detroit, idex
himself as John Coling, bu
his son, not he, had been
in the Hoffa case.
He said his son 'was in Wait
ton working on civil right
also said that the "Detroit CI
Civic Committee," alleged si
of the ad, was- one of th b
Negro organizations in Detr4
FURTHER inquiry proved
staff members of the Afro-A
can that it was John Co
senior, not his son, who i
the advertisement signed
"Frank Cowling, director c
Detroit Citizens Civic Coi
tee."
Further jnquiry also dev4
that the Detroit Citizens
Committee was not register
Detroit, -was not listed i
phone book, and was uni
to such prominent Negro
Congressman Charles Dig
Detroit.
Apparently it was a figm
someone's imagination, co
up to make Negro - jurors I
that Detroit Negroes were
whelmingly behind Hoffa.
Negro leaders and othe
Detroit also had never hei
Frank Crowling. In order to
tain whether John Cowlini
not in' real fact also "Frank C
ing," I, called Cowling, a e
time and asked him why
not told me the truth.
- *
"I HAVE been in politi
years," he replied. "I have n
to say."
"Your son was not active
Hoffa matter," I questioned,
Afro-American tells ae you'
"I work for the Pittsburgh
ier," replied Cowling, referr
one of the largest Negro
papers.
"The Pittsburgh Courier
tells me they have never
of you. How do you explair
placing that ad with the
American?"
"I'm in the newspaper busi
"Who drafted the ad?"
"I do not know."
"Who paid for It?"
"I do not know."
"Where did you get that.
the 'Detroit Citizens Civic
mittee'?"
"I do not, know anything
it."
This, of 'course, was in
conflict with what CowlIn%
said the night before;- n
that the Detroit Citizens
Committee was one of the fi
Negro organizations in Det:
"Who is Reverend D m
James?" I ,asked, referring
Negro preacher in Detroit,
the Afro-American informE
had come to its office with
"I do not know," repeated
ing.
Further attempts to elic
truth became useless.
(Copyright 1957 by Bell Syndicat
AT THE STATE:'
Love in New York
HE CLOCK has moved back at
the State theater to the nine-
teen twehties and the scene is
New York City. Jimmy Walker
has just been elected mayor and
the world seems gay:aid giddy. It
would seem that Mr. Walker "Beau
James," has life by the tail and is
pulling for all he's worth.
Well, that's the impression that'
the film is supposed to give, but
something fails to click. The name
of Jimmy Walker evokes nostalgia
and fond memories in the hearts
of millions of New Yorkers.
Other New Yorkers are not so
charitable, but no one deniesthat
the public and private careers of
Jimmy Walker are a colorful part
of the legend that is New York.'
The producers and directors of
this film obviously have rich ma-
terial to work with.
INTERPRETING THE NEWS:
Tito and Russia
By J. M. ROBERTS
Associated Press News Analyst
IF MARSHAL .TITO has again
picked up the megaphone for
Communist party boss Khrush-
chev's campaign to win the hearts
of Socialists around the world, as
indicated after their conference in
Romania, he faces a much tougher
job .than before.
This makes the third time in
two years that word has gotten
out of the establishment of a Tito-
Khrushchev entente.
First came Khrushchev's visit to
Belgrade to apologize for the 1948
break between Russia and Yugo-
slavia brought about by Molotov
and Stalin. There were a lot of
kind but weasel words between
them.
Tito took the attitude that if
Russia wanted to be friendly all
she had to do was prove it.
He continued trying to maintain
a balance between East and West,
and his overtures to the workers
of the world consisted primarily of
encouraging nationalistic commun-
ism in Russia's European Satel-
lites.
been reinstated, and Tito is being
called the spearhead of the move-
ment to establish "cooperation"
between Communist and Socialist
parties.
For-their part, the Socialists
gave their answer last year, when
the approach was from Moscow.f
They realized that in the Krem-
lin the word cooperation means
submission. They said "Nothing
doing."
* * *
KHRUSHCHEV has indicated
several times recently that he
doesn't realize how fresh and
strong is the memory of what
Russia did to Hungary last fall.-
Then the Red army, which had
been offered to the workers of the
world as their defender, unmasked
itself as a horribly brutal agent.
of tyranny.
The revelations struck the left-
ist world a heavy blow. Commun-
ists began resigning party mem-
berships.
Socialists reaffirmed their de-
termination not to be absorbed.
Liberals withdrew their tolerance
of Russian communism as a social
exnprimen-t.
Hollywood in recent years has
come out with some fine film biog-
raphies, such as "Interrupted Mel-
ody" and "Love Me or Leave Me,"
but the present film flies in the
face of this growing tradition and
presents a one dimensional picture
of a man.
* * *
OF COURSE, I never knew
Jimmy Walker, but that is beside
the point. The makers of the film
could undoubtedly have approach-
ed their subject from.one of sev-
eral viewpoints, but their problem
was in presenting Jimmy to mil-
lions of people who never had seen
him or perhaps even heard of him.
These viewers must get some
sort of idea of why Jimmy was
the way he was and what gave
him his tremendous appeal to New
Yorkers. This movie simply didn't
convince me nor did it give me
much entertainment along the
way.
Perhaps the biggest stumbling.
block was Bob Hope, who played
Jimmy. Obviously Bob is a very,
funny guy when he wants to be.
There will have to be some sort
of' tremendous voice and facial
transformation before Hope can
be visualized as tragically funny.
Not all of this fault lies in Bob's
acting, for the story tends to be
episodic, leaving the audience to
fill in the gaps in the plot line,
motivation, and.general film back-
ground. Undoubtedly many New
Yorkers were able to do this when
they saw the film, but I hardly
think that it should be necessary
to know Walker's biography be-
before going to the film.
** *
THERE WERE some good mom-
ents in the film, however. Vera
Miles, as Betty Compton - Walk-
er's paramour - turns in a com-
petent performance in the opening
scenes of the film. She is especially
appealing in a white raincoat,
backed by fine color shots of.
Greenwich Village.
Both Darren McGavin, as the
mayor's' secretary, and Alexis
Smith, as his first and very de-
voted wife, manage to give an air
of credibility to their parts. So
DAILY
OFFICIAL
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Official publication of the Qnive
'of Michigan for whiob the Mi
gan Daily assumes no editorla
sponsibility. Notices should be
in TYPE W~rIIVMIEformintoF
3519 Administration Building.
fore 2 p.m the day prec
publication. Notices for Su
Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Fi
TUESDAY, AUGUST 5, 195
VOL. LXVII, NO. 29
General Notic
A one hour guided tour of the c
by bus -will be conducted daily