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VOL. LXIII, No. 5S
Berliners Stage
Planned March
Renewed Diplomatic Activity Hints
Reds May Call Four Power Confab
BERLIN-()-Thousands of workers marched under Red banners,
in East Berlin yesterday in a rigged demonstration of loyalty to the
East German government.
Soviet riflemen surrounding government headquarters on Wil-
helmstrasse-target of the bloody June 17 revolt-guaranteed the
demonstration would not backfire as did last week's.
YESTERDAY'S PARADE, perhaps a prelude to lifting martial law,
was matched by a flurry of diplomatic activity. This stirred specula-
tion Russia was ready for a new move for a four-power settlement of
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, JUNE 27, 1953
FOUR PAGES
Ia.-
Germans To Frolic
* * * ,
EXperts Call
Berlin Riots
Spontaneous
By FRAN SHELDON
The current East Berlin riot
have been termed "spontaneous'
and the "results of unfavorable
local conditions" by two local po-
litical experts.
Agreement concerning the basi
cause of the insurrection, how-
ever, did not extend to the effec
of United States propaganda in
promoting the affair.
IN THE OPINION of Prof. Pres-
ton W. Slosson of the history de-
partment these uprisings were o
the type prophesied for dissatis
fied Iron Curtain countries by John
Foster Dulles during the recen
presidential campaign.
He called the riots "an index
of public opinion" and said
their chief value lay in the fact
that they lent "proof to the
world of the discontent of satel-
lite people-even the working
classes."
"That the expression of discon-
tent came from trade unions
themselves and were not limited to
the upper classes in indicative of
this dissatisfaction," he said.
"I THINK THAT % of the pop-
ulation of most satellite countries
is dissatisfied, but there is noth-
ing the people can do. The civil-
lian can seldom do anythtnig
against the military," he pointed
out.
Prof. Slosson feels that "some
people may have been influenced
by our radio propaganda, but
for the most part the riots have
indicated a spontaneous begin-
ning."
Henry L. Bretton of the political
science department feels that
America and American propaganda
had little to do with the riots. He
called them "eet generated .by
local conditions," and said that in
them "the underground had come
to the fore only to be chopped
down again."
BRETTON pointed out that for
this reason they probably were not
organized by any outside source
because it would be foolhardy "to
risk the execution of these under-
ground leaders in a mere protest."
The acceptance on the part of
Communist leaders of part of the
blame for the uprising he traced
to "a new policy eminating from
Moscow which had started even
before the uprisings began."
He said that "the Communists
might make concessions," but
these would be "planned conces-
sions which are pure and unadul-
terated propaganda."
"They want to appear in the role
of advocates of unity, and to this
end they have had to make some
changes in their industrial policy,"
he concluded.
France Picks
New Premier
PARIS-(P)-Joseph Laniel, the
eighth candidate for the job, was
approved as the new Premier of
France by the National Assembly
Friday after 37 days of political
crisis.
A big hearty man from Norman-
dy, the 63-year-old independent
N right-of-center politician, immed-
the German question.
Soviet High Commissioner Vlad-
mir Semyenov was reported to
have received fresh instructions
from Moscow.
The three Allied high com-
missioners left Bonn in special
trains for a meeting in the
French sector here Saturday-
close enough for Semyenov to
join them.
An Allied aid said, "There's just
a chance that there'll be a fourth
" (Semyenov)" at the meeting.
PRESIDENT Eisenhower, in a
letter to West German Chancellor
Konrad Adenauer, and acting
c French Premier Rene Mayer join-
ed British Prime Minister Sir
t Winston Churchill Friday in pres-
1 suring the Russians to grant con-
cessions to permit a- united Ger-
many.
President Eisenhower said the
f June 17 revolt would be "felt
throughout the Soviet satellite
1 empire" and expressed hope it
might persuade Moscow to per-
mit free elections in the east
zone.
Itnwas believed by many that
the Russians would pull their
troops out of the city within 48
hours if Premier Otto Grotewohl's
government and the Socialist
Unity (Communist) party showed
enough control of Friday's dem-
onstration by 3,000 workers.
* * *
THE GOVERNMENT gambled
that its new sweeping reforms
would win at least temporary
obedience and support.
It emptied its warehouses Fri-
day of millions of dollars worth.
of food, clothing and other sup-
plies which it had been hoarding
for an expansion of the army.
A narchist?
STERLING, Ill. - (M) - An
80 year old woman driver is
spending five days in jail rath-
er than pay a $10 traffic fine
to the "crooked" state of Illi-
nois.
Justice of the Peace Gus
Hansen said he ordered Miss
Anna Pittman jailedsThursday
after she told him she would
pay "no damn fine" because the
state and its justices of the
peace are 'crooked."
State Policeman Herbert
Stealman told Hansen the
woman ran a stop sign, drove
down themiddle of State Route
88 near neighboring Rock Falls,
and verbally abused the officer
when he halted her.
ACH DER LIEBER: Two local burgers get in the mood for the
German Picnic, beginning at 6:30 p.m. today at German Park.
Starting with a German meal, there will be folk singing, folk
dancing and other Alpine pastimes. Public has been invited,
K-F To Curtail Operations;
Many Thousands Laid Off
DETROIT-(P)-Operations at the big Kaiser MotorsWillow Run
plant near here will slow down' sharply next week.j
Sudden cancellation of its Air Force contract to build C-119 and
C-123 cargo planes brought immediate layoffs to 5,600 workers, with
notices to about 4,000 others that their employment would end be-
tween now and mid-August.
AT THE SAME TIME 2,200 automotive workers were laid off
with the end of the final shift yesterday, as Kaiser carried out plans
to move some of its automotive operations to Toledo.
Ike Defense
Plan Called
Dictatorial
WASHINGTON - (AP) - The
House wrangled all day yesterday
over President Eisenhower's plan
to reorganize the Defense Depart-
ment, then knocked off to resume
talks this morning.
Nub of the dispute was whether
the plan opens the door for a dic-
tatorial, "Prussian-type" general
staff in this country. Critics al-
leged that it does, while adminis-
tration men hotly deny it.
* * *
LAST-MINUTE suggestions by
foes of the proposal for a compro-
mise of differences were rejected
by House leaders. A roll-call vote
is scheduled for today on a reso-
lution to veto the plan.
Rep. Hoffman (R-Mich.), a
critic of the plan, told newsmen
he had asked clearance for bills
to knock out disputed sections,
thereby avoiding yesterday's
floor clash. He said he was turn-
ed down.
Approximately another hour of
debate and a roll call remain to-
day. GOP leaders look for approval
of the plan.
Hoffman asked the House to
turn it down as "another step away
from constitutional government."
He described as "bad, bad" a
section of the reorganization plan
which would enlarge the powers of
the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of
Staff to direct military planning.
Critics have called this a move for
a Prussian-type general staff.
As these moves were imple-
mented Kaiser officials said that
in liquidating the aircraft con-
tract which they described as
already 85 per cent completed,
11 of the C-119 planes will be
completed at Willow Run along
with the major sub-assemblies
for perhaps 10 others. This,
they said, will keep about 1,000
hourly-rated workers engaged
until mid-August.
At the same time 2,000 other
salaried aircraft workers will re-
main at Willow Run until com-
pletion of the present unfinished
planes on the line. The other
2,000 got one and two week no-
tices of dismissal depending upon
their seniority rating. Salaried
employes with at least a year's
employment are given two weeks'
notice.
AS THE NEARLY 8,000 workers
were being laid off at Willow Run,
Max M. Horton, director of Mich-
igan's Employment Security Com-
mission, said several thousand jobs
were available in Michigan fac-
tories. They will be offered to job-
less Kaiser Motors employes at
MESC branch offices next week,
Horton said.
A Kaiser spokesman said to-
day that while the contract for
C-119 and C-123 assemblies is
being terminated the four ma-
jor suppliers on the contract
will continue producing parts
for the full number of planes
originally projected. The sup-
plier firms are the Gibson Re-
frigerator Co., at Greenville,
Mich.; the Whirlpool Corp. at
Laporte, Ind., Murray Corp., in
Detroit, and Willys Motors at
Toledo.
Meanwhile, a Kaiser Motors
Corporation vice president ack-
nowledged that he gave the Se-
curities and Exchange Commis-
sion an unintentionally "false"
answer in a 1948 inquiry into
collapse of a 10 million dollar
Kaiser stock issue.
Teachers Meet
AgainMonday
Second meeting of the Confer-
ence for Teachers of English will
be held at 4 p.m. Monday in Audi-
torium B, Angell Hall.
Prof. Thelma McCandless, of
the English department, Michigan
State Normal College, and Ford
L. Lemler, Director of the Univer-
sity Audio-Visual Education Cen-
ter will discuss "The Place of Vis-
ual Aids in the English Class-
room."
Truman Hits
President's
MilitaryCuts
Says Reduction
Perils Security
PHILADELPHIA-Former Pres-
ident Harry S. Truman sharply at-
tacked the Eisenhower administra-
tion yesterday for reducing his
military program.
According to United Press re-
ports he warned against "cutting
corners on our national security"
for the sake of lower taxes.
IN HIS FIRST major speech
since leaving office, Truman said
there is no evidence the Commu-
nist menace has lessened.
"Those who talk about our de-
fense program being too big may
be letting their pocketbooks ob-
scure their judgment," he said.
He also assailed what he called
the "reckless and isolationist
wing" of the Republican party.
HE SAID the Democrats saved
President Eisenhower's foreign aid
program in the House over the op-
position of a majority of the Re-
publican members.
Truman showed grave concern
with the Administration pro-
posal to cut over five million
dollars from what he had asked
for the coming twelve months
before leaving office.
He said his Joint Chiefs of Staff
had based the nation's defense
goal on estimates of when Russia
would have enough atom bombs to
put this country "in the gravest
kind of danger."
He noted Gen. Hoyt S. Vanden-
berg, retiring Air Force chief of
staff, testified recently that noth-
ing has happened to change those
estimates.
* 'I *.
"NO DOCTRINE can be more
dangerous than the notion that we
cannot afford to defend ourselves,"
he declared.
"Increasing the risk of World
War III means increasing the risk
of atom bombs on our own homes.
Think about that hard, and think
about it often," he said.
New Garbage
Disposal Sites
Considered
As a result of vigorous protest
by residents of Ann Arbor's Sev-
enth Ward, the University Botani-
cal Gardens located there are no
longer considered the only pos-
sible site for a garbage disposal
fill.
George W. Sallade, City Coun-
cil President announced yester-
dayhthat a specially called pub-
lic hearing on the proposed dis-
posal site, scheduled for Monday
night,. has .been .indefinitely
postponed because new site of-
fers have come into the picture.
Earlier this week, a group of 20
citizens organized a committee to
gather evidence against the advis-
ability of using the Botanical Gar-
dens for disposal because of its
proximity to a large residential
area and the odor factor involved.
The effort of the citizens pro-
test group reached a high pitch
when petitions seeking to enlist
the aid of as many as possible in
the fight against the proposed
sight received widespread atten-
tion. Possible sites were studied
along with research into legal as-
pects of the case.
Red Attack.
Gains Over
ROK Forces
Fresh Battalions
Hit Eastern Front
SEOUL-(P)-Front-line reports
said one, of three Chinese regi-
ments broke through three main
positions of the 3rd Republic of
Korea Division due east of the
Pukhan River early yesterday.
Another Red force of more than
two battalions hit and captured
two more front-line positions a
few miles to the east, front re-
ports explained.
SOUTH KOREANS were coun-
ter-attacking in an attempt to re-
gain the lost hills on the rugged
front.
The third attacking Chinese
regiment scored big gains
against the 3rd ROK Division at
the junction of the Pukhan and
Kumsong Rivers on the west
shoulder of the Chinese push.
Chinese were bringing up re-
inforcements to keep up the at-
tack, a front-line officer said.
The 13,000-man Chinese Red
push was stalled with heavy cas-
ualties in the west yesterday and
was thrown into reverse in the
mountainous east by savage South
Korean counter-attacks.
* * ,
EIGHTH ARMY headquarters
said fighting slackened late Thurs-
day on the western front, where
10,000 Reds took 3,700 casualties
in seizing three outposts west of
Yonchon. They were beaten back
from five other hills on this front
40 miles north of Seoul.
Fighting still raged on a
moonlit battlefield on the east-
central front, where 3,000 Chi-
nese were trying to strengthen a
bulge two miles deep which they
hammered out in the last week's
big drive along the Pukhan
River.
A United States officer with the
Republic of Korea Third Division
said the Chinese seized three hills
near the junction of the Pukhan
and Kumsong River in the drive
that kicked off Thursday night.
Disputed Pair
To Pick Faith
HENDAYE, France-GP)-Gerald
and Robert Finaly, Jewish war or-
phans whose baptism and abduc-
tion to Spain by Roman Catholics
created a religious-political furor,
were returned to France yesterday
to live with a wealthy French Jew
until they are old enough to choose
their faith.
Spanish authorities at San Se-
bastian, Spain, handed the two
lads over to a representative of Pi-
erre Cardinal Gerlier, Catholic
archbishop of Lyon and primate of
all Gaul, who met them as they
crossed the international bridge at
this French-Spanish border town.
SYNGMAN RHEE
. 'Improved understanding'
Ik e Attacks
Censorship
In ALA Talk
LOS ANGELES - (R) - Presi-
dent Eisenhower yesterday spoke
out against "zealots who-with
more wrath than wisdom-would
try to defend freedom by deny-
ing freedom's friends the oppor-
tunity of studying communism."
His statement was contained in
a letter read to the 72nd annual
conference of the American Li-
brary Association, whose delegates
received it with a tremendous ova-
tion.
Any who act as if freedom's
defenses are to be found in sup-
pression and suspicion and fear
confess a doctrine that is alien
to America," the President
wrote.
His letter was in reply to one
written him by Robert B. Downs,
president of the ALA. Downs
wrote his letter after the Presi-
dent's commencement address at
Dartmouth College, June 14, in
which Eisenhower warneduagainst
"book burners" who would bar
knowledge of communism from li-
braries.
Drought Areas
To Get Aid
By The Associated Press
President Eisenhower yesterday
declared drought stricken areas of
Texas and Oklahoma to be "major
disaster areas" and thus eligible
for federal aid.
ANY ALLOCAT16N of federal
funds to aid cattlemen 'who have
suffered as a result of the pro-
longed dry spell will await a per-
sonal survey of the situation by
Secretary of Agriculture Benson,
the White Houseksaid.
* **
MEANWHILE yesterday the Ag-
riculture Department yesterday
extended benefits of a "distressed
price support program on wheat
to growers in Illinois, Indiana,
Michigan, Missouri and Ohio.
Rhee Reported Easing
Demand for Pre-Truce
Security Pact withU.S.
*______ *
Robertson
Meets Rhee
Last Night
Early Reports
Hint at Progress
SEOUL - () - Sources close
to Syngman Rhee said yesterday
the rebellious South Korean pres-
ident has withdrawn his demand
for a security pact with the Unit-
ed States in advance of any Ko-
rean armistice.
United Press reporters said Rhee
was reported ready to accept a
promise by President Eisenhower
that he would seek quick Congres-
sional ratification of a mutual aid
treaty with South Korea after a
truce.
REPORTS Rhee had eased his
terms followed the opening ofa
"little truce conference" at Seoul.
President Eisenhower's specia
envoy was meeting Rhee last
night for a second secret talk
after each has voiced cautious
optimism for solution of the Ko-
rean truce crisis.
After the first session Thursday,
Assistant U.S. Secretary of State
Walter W. Robertson said "we
hope we are making progress in re-
moving misunderstanding" in the
U.S.-South Korea rift over Armis-
tice terms.
RHEE, stiff opponent of the
truce agreement ready to be signed
by United Nations and Commu-
nist negotiators, said after the
two hour and 45 minute meeting
Thursday:
"Mr. Robertson has brought
good ideas and our mutual under-
standing is being greatly im-
proved."
As the second meeting be-
tween Robertson and Rhee con-
vened, there still was no public
announcement of the messages
Robertson brought from Eisen-
hower and Secretary of State
John Foster Dulles.
South Korean government of-
ficials were interested, but refused
comment, on a Washington report
that Eisenhower told Senate lead-
ers he was willing to send any
man high in the U. S. government
to meet with Rhee at some point
outside Korea.
World News
Roundup
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON-The Air Force
says there are large numbers of
Soviet four-engine B29 type long-
range bombers in the Far East.
Congress also has been informed
of Air Force information that Rus-
sia has a rapidly growing fleet of
light jet bombers.
* * *
SAIGON, Indochina - Hard
pressed by her seven-year war
with Communist-led rebels,;France
faced new troubles yesterday
among her own restive Indochi-
nese allies.
SOUTH BEND, Ind. - A new
contract calling for wage in-
creases up to 20 cents an hour
for 1,300 Studebaker Corp. em-
ployes was announced yester-
day by the company and the CIO
United Auto Workers.
* * *
MACKINAC ISLAND - Post-
master General Arthur E. Sum-
merfield declared yesterday he
would give the country better pos-
tal service for $152,000,000 less a
year than the amount Democrats
had estimated would be needed.
Slight Explosion
Tito Marks Fifth Year
Of Comm form Break
By ELSIE KUFFLER
On the fifth anniversary of the.
Russo-Yugoslav split, Tito, his
countrygandhis policies still re-
main a deep enigma to the West.
* * *
AN EX-DAILY editor, Prof.
Neal emphasized thedhistoryrof
the Tito regime as a guide to un-
derstanding later developments
in the country. He pointed out
that the Yugoslavian satellite as
it was before 1948 was different
from every other because it was
Tito himself, as a Communist dic-
tator with popular appeal who
threw out the German armies.
This was unlike other satellites
such as Czechoslovakia which were
beholden to the Russians for lib-
eration from the Germans and
which had not set up a Commun-
ist government before the Rus-
sians stepped in.
slavs tried to explain the reasons
for their wrong.
Deciding that theirs was real-
ly the true. following of Marxist
and Leninist principles and that
the Russians had perverted these
principles, Yugoslavia ordered de-
centralization of economic and po-
litical powers. The economy has
since become less controlled; in-
stitutions have been created in
which the workers have a say in
running their own factories.
According to Prof. Neal, an
important development in the
breakaway was the subsequent
pivoting of Yugoslavia's foreign
policy to the West. This had sev-
eral consequences first of which
is, that with increased American
aid (about 400 million dollars)
the Russians were able to
strengthen their position with
the satellite countries by hay-
MACK SENNET COMEDIES:
Gothic Film Society Series To Open
* * * *
Five Mack Sennet comedies will
begin the Gothic Film Society's
summer program at 8:30 p.m.
Monday in Rackham Amphi-
theater.
' The society has announced that
memberships are now open for the
Summer Session. Since only mem-
bers and their guests are admitted
to the Society's film programs and
membership, priced at $2.50, is
limited to the capacity of the
Rackham Amphitheater, all per-
sons interested in joining may
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