PAGE TWO
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
SATURDAY, ULY 12, 1952
I U
A Conservative Third Party
THE NOMINATION of General Dwight
Eisenhower as Republican candidate for
the Presidency of the United States has
caused a serious split in the Republican
Party.
As the 1952 GOP Convention ends, dele-
gates and visitors, plus the more than 60
mpillion television and radio followers, will
have flowery promises of unity ringing
in their ears. But the issue is much deep-
er than simply loyalty to a party, be-
cause in essence a party is nothing more
than a name.
The issue is one of policies, of likes and
dislikes, and cannot be tossed aside lightly
in a speech calling for unity. General Eis-
enhower won the nomination by only a
small preference majority, relying heavily
on the power of states controlling large
blocks of delegates.
Also running was Robert A. Taft, with
nearly half of the delegates strongly com-
mitted to him and his policies.
To a great degree, Eisenhower won deci-
sive votes in such key states as Michigan,
Minnesota and Pennsylvania because the
delegates believed he had a better chance of
bringing home a victory to the GOP in 1952
-not because they felt he was- a superior
leader or that the policies he proposed were
exactly what their constituents favored.
T US ARISES the question, "Should the
Republican Party put forward a man
because they think he can win, or because
they think he represents the ideals in which
they believe?"
It is this writer's opinion that the off-
setting factor in the Taft-Eisenhower
struggle wasability to win. That decision
may have been the common-sense one,
but it was not the way to achieve what
the party should have sought-not just
a Republican victory, but a Republican
government.
After Eisenhower's nomination seemed
fairly certain Wednesday night, I talked
to many strong Taft backers on the question
of party unity. There were those who said
they simply would not vote for Dwight
Eisenhower in November, even though they
had been strong Republicans for a lifetime.
The greater majority acquiessed, saying
they would support Eisenhower as a Re-
publican in the coming election. But al-
most all of these people were going to do
so reluctantly, out of loyalty for the party
they had preserved through many lean
years rather than because they were in-
spired by the Eisenhower cause.
To a large number of people in this
country, theEisenhower cause represents
nothing but a watered-down version of
Democratic Party principles. Many of
these people will support Eisenhower, but
only because they have hungered for a
Republican victory since 1932.
There are three courses of action open
to these members of the conservative Re-
publican wing next November:
1) They can forget their, dreams of a
real policy change and vote the Eisenhower
ticket.
2) They can desert the party they have
cherished, voting Democratic or following
the more conservative Southern Democrat
candidate; or they can abstain from voting.
3) They can band together under one
banner in a much-talked-about third major
party, the Conservative Party.
* * * *
THIRD PARTIES have been frequent and
powerful influences in the history of this
country's politics. A third party under Theo-
dore Roosevelt in 1912 cost William Howard
Taft the Presidency; the present Republican
party started as a splinter party in 1860.
At this moment the time is ripe for
the evolution of a major third party; the
seeds are sown, they only require cultiva-
tion. There is a major split in the Demo-
crats, but the Dixie element because of
tradition cannot be expected to switch its
allegiance to the GOP.
A serious split between liberals and con-
servatives has manifested itself in the Re-
publican Party.Although this split might
not ruin the GOP in 1952, it would be ad-
vantageous to the conservatives to break
off and fight independently for the ideals
anid policies they favor.
Possible Presidential candidates might be
Senator Taft, leader of the conservative Re-
publican wing, or for the sake of popular-
ity, General Douglas MacArthur. The vice-
presidential candidate would undoubtedly
come from the vast rank of highly respected
Dixie Democratic conservatives.
What could this third party hope to
accomplish in 1952? It is my belief that
the Presidency of the United States is not
out of reach to a Conservative Third
Party.
Granted, this Third Party might be un-
able to poll a majority of electoral votes in
November. But it could get a substantial
minority, keeping either of its rivals from
securing a majority and throwing the issue
to the House of Representatives, where each
state casts one vote in favor of its prefer-
ence.
The Conservative Party would probably
carry the deep South in electoral votes,
and with a candidate like Robert A. Taft
could get the support of such strong dele-
gations as Illinois and Ohio, as well as a
scattering of smaller central states.
When in the House, a ticket headed by
Taft and a Southerner would have a decided
advantage in a one-vote-per-state contest.
In the convention, Taft won many of the
smaller Northern states, which are predom-
inantly Republican in normal times. His
defeat came mainly from some of the larger
delegations like New York and Pennsylvania.
In a single vote per state contest, the
power of these large states is minimized
and that of the smaller states becomes
relatively greater.
Vittory for a third party in the coming
election is well within the realm of possibil-
ity. Now is the time for Conservative Re-
publicans and Democrats to band together
under a common banner and fight for the
type of government which they desire.
-Mike Scherer
MATTER OF FACT
By JOSEPH and STEWART ALSOP
The Harsh Realities
CHICAGO-As these words are written,
it is the lull before the storm, or rather
the lull before the decisive Taft-Eisenhower
test. Maybe this is not a bad time to reflect
on the peculiar factors which influence such
great decisions as the choice of American
presidential nominees .
Take, for example, patronage. Senator
Robert A. Taft has said that one of his
worst handicaps was the opposition of
the Republican governors. What he meant
was that the Republican governors con-
trol the Republican jobs in their states,
and that they would use this control
against him. The soundness of the sena-
tor's judgment has never been better dem-
onstrated than in the state of New York.
There was substantial sentiment for Sen-
ator Taft among some elements in the New
York delegation, particularly in New York
City, which is not an appanage of the .Dew-
ey machine. The Taft forces hoped to pick
up as many as twenty votes in New York.
But even from New York City, many Repub-
licans are appointed to the important civil-
service-free jobs on the New York State pay-
roll.
* Fr * * r
A T THE FIRST Chicago meeting of the
state delegation, Governor Dewey con-
tented himself with reminding the delegates
that he would be governor for two and a
half more years, and that he had a "long
memory." His method was somewhat blunt-
er when he talked privately with the dissi-
dents.
He pointed out to them exactly how many
jobs had been allocated to each of their
districts. He did not trouble to point out
that these jobs were mainly occupied by
their friends, co-workers or even relatives,
because they knew this already. He just
told them, in plain terms, that there would
be new job-holders in those jobs within two
days after his return to Albany. If the dissi-
dent delegates went on being dissident. That
way, he held New York as an almost mono-
lithic solid front against Senator Taft.
Again, there is the case of Governor
John S. Fine of Pennsylvania. Here the
problem was more complex. Senator James
Duff, who was John Fine's friend and is
now his enemy, was almost the first man
on the firing line for General Dwight D.
Eisenhower. Normally, that would entitle
Senator Duff to a great influence over
Federal appointments in Pennsylvania,
which Senators conventionally possess in
any case.
Governor Fine is a man who wants,
above all to rule in his bailiwick. The in-
fluence of Senator Duff, which is already
considerable, would obviously be reinforced
by control of Pennsylvania appointments.
It was therefore urgently a problem to ac-
commodate Duff and Fine.
The problem was solved when Duff, with
great singlemindedness in the cause he has
fought for so sturdily, agreed to forego his
normal power over Pennsylvania appoint-
ments. Thus General Eisenhower was en-
abled to assure Governor Fine that the
Governor was the man he would regularly
consult about Pennsylvania appointees. And
so the way was opened for the Pennsylvania
Governor's all-important decision in Eisen-
hower's favor.
* * * *
OR AGAIN, there is the case of Michigan.
Here the battle, curiously enough, seems
to have been fought between three great
industrial corporations. The chief execu-
tives of the Chrysler' Company were for
Taft; thn leaders of the Ford Company and
General Motors favored General Eisenhower.
All three companies have vast influence on
the Republican party in their state. Both
national committeeman Arthur Summerfield
and Senator Homer Ferguson were caught
in an unhappy crossfire. In the end, Sum-
merfield became an important Eisenhower
leader, while Senator Ferguson, normally
inclined to Taft, kept unhappily silent.
These little realities of convention poli-
tics have been chosen from the Eisenhow-
er side, and since these reporters were
the first to ventilate and emphasize the
Texas steal attempted by the Taft forces
it is only fair to note that both sides can
be tough, although the Eisenhower people
have tried nothing like the steal in Texas.
And it might be added that the hypocrisy
of the Taft cry about "real Republican-
ism" has never been better demonstrated
than by the Taft sponsorship of the Ros-
coe Pickett delegation from-Georgia.
The truth is that this peculiar little gag-
gle of so-called Republicans largely owes
its existence to an alliance between Pickett
and Governor Eugene Talmadge. Talmadge
Republicans, surely, are an odd brand of
"real Republicans."
In its details, in short, the process by
which Presidential nominees are chosen
in America often seems to have very little
to do with the democratic process. The cur-
ious thing is how much of real Republican
conviction, and even of real idealism, creeps
into this queer convention process. And the
other curious thing is, how often it pro-
dhce an excellent result.
"And Now A Little Close Rormon-v
't~
I::.n
(Eii ,
SDAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN
INTERPRETING THE NEWS:
The German Unification
By J. M. ROBERTS, JR.
Associated Press News Analyst
ON THE same day that the West German
parliament passed the new political and,
military pacts with the Western powers on
first reading, the Big Three offered Russia
another opportunity to meet with them if
she is sincere about German unification.
Neither action decides anything. .Rus-
sia's previous notes indicate that she will
not be willing to meet Allied requirements
even for the low-level meeting proposed
for the purpose of setting up a commission
to .study all-German election possibilities.
What she wants is a high-level meeting
with an agenda which will permit her to
propagandize against the pacts and de-
lay them by encouraging German hopes
for a settlement.
The apparent unanimity of the West
Germans, except for the Communists, on
the first reading is misleading. The Social-
ists have been opposing, and still oppose,
the substance of the pacts. They merely
voted to send the.measures to committee
for study pending decisive readings in the
fall. Their action in doing so was a surprise.
But they are placing their main dependence
on a court fight challenging the constitu-
tionality of the agreement.
Regardless of how this turns out, the So-
clalists are expected to renew their active
opposition when actual adoption of the
treaties is at stake. And they will be helped
by the extreme rightism
The most striking thing ,tbout the two-
day debate which preceded Thursday's ac-
tion was the failure of the opponents to
present any sort of substitute for the pro-
western policy of Chancellor Adenauer.
There were, instead, expressions of re-
cognition that Germany had lost a cvar,
that she was up against the Iron Curtain,
and that she was in no position to press
the Westerrn allies for more than they
were willing to give in return for Ger-
many's participation in Western European
defense.
This urgency-the lack of any practical
alternative for Germany-was expected to
be decisive in the matter of eventual ap-
proval.
The Allied note to Russia, the general
contents of which were known for several
days prior to its delivery, may have helped
Adenauer in these initial stages of the de-
bate. It served as evidence that the Allies
intended to keep open the matter of unifi-
cation. The fear that alliance with the West
will formalize the division of Germany is
one of the greatest drawbacks to acceptance
of the pacts by the public.
The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official publication of the University
of Michigan for which the Michigan
Daily assumes no editorial responsi-
bility. Publication in it is construc-
tive notice to all members of the
University. Notices should be sent in
TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 3510
Administration Building before 3 p.m.
the day preceding publication (11 a.m.
on Saturday).
Notices
Make-Up Examination in History-
Saturday, July 12, 9:00-12:00 a.m., 1067
A.H. Obtain written peraissioa from
your instructor, and then sign iist in
History Office.
Closing Hour for undergraduate wo-
men attending the Stanley Quartet con-
cert at Rackham Auditorium Tuesday,
July 8, will be no later than 11:00 p.m.
School Vocal Music Conference, Mi-
chigan League Ballroom. Open to pub-
lic. 8:15 a.m., Music Reading, Roxy Co-
win; 9:00, Creative Music, Charlotte Du-
Bois; 10:00, Demonstration Choral Re-
hearsal, Maynard Klein; 11:00, Critical
Issues in Music Education, Marguerite
Hood; 1:15, Summer Session Choir. Har-
old Decker. director; 2:30, Forum Dis-
cussion, James Bukborough. Charlotte
DuBois, Marguerite Hood, Donald Rob-
inson, John Lowell, John Merrill; 4:15,
Film "Hymn of Nations.''
Cercle Francais: The Cercle Francais
of the Summer Session meets every
Wednesday evening at 8 o'clock in the
Henderson Room of the Michian Lea-
gue. The meetings offer a varied pro-
gram of songs, games and short talks
in French on topics of general interest,
as well as the opportunity for informal
conversation and recreation. All stu-
dents, faculty members, and summer
residents who are interested in France
and things French are cordially invited
to participate in any or all of the ac-
tivities of the Cercie.
Late permission for women students
who attended "Harvey" on Wednesday,
July 9, and Thursday, July 10, will be
no later than 11:05 p.m.
Lectures
Sociedad Hispanica. Lecture and dem-
onstration of some audio-visual aids by
Mr. A. Lavistida, of" the AudioVisual
Section, July 15, at 8 p.m., East Con-
ference Room, Rackham Building.
Symposium on Heat Transfer. "The-
oretical Aspects of Liquid Metal Heat
Transfer," H. F. Poppendiek, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory. 10:00 a.m. 311
West Engineering Building.
Academic Notices
Teachers' Seminar in Pharmaceutical
Chemistry. 9:00 a.m., Rackham Amphi-
theater.
Concerts
Student Recital Cancelled: The recital
of Glenn Walker, Clarinetist, previously
announced for Monday evening, July
14, in the Rackham Assembly Hall, has
been cancelled.
Faculty Concert: John Kolien, pianist,
will play a program of Schubert Sona-
tas at 8:30 Tuesday evening, July 15, in
the Rackham Lecture Hall. It will open
with Sonata No. 18 in G major, Op. 78,
followed by Sonata 19 in C minor, and
Sonata No. 20 in A major. The recital
will be open to the general public with-
out charge.
Exhibitions
Museum of Art. The artist's view-
point. July 8-28.
Rackham Galleries. Children's art
from the schools of Michigan. July 9-18.
General Library, main lobby cases.
Books which have influenced the mo-
dern mind.
Museum of Archaeology. Ancient
Egypt and Rome of the Empire.
Museums Building. Rotunda exhibit
Some museum techniques.
Michigan Historical Collections, 160
Rackham Building. The changing Cam-
pus.
Clements Library. American books
which have influenced the modern mind
(through September 1).
Law Library. Atomic energy.
Architecture Building. Student work.
Events Today
Last Time tonight: "Harvey," Broad-
way comedy by Mary Chaseepresented
by the Department of Speech at the
Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre tonight at
8 p.m.rTickets on sale at the box o-
fice from 10 a.m. to 8 p.m.
welcome,transportation provided.
Coming Events
All
Summer Education Conference and
Exhibit. July 14-18.
Speech and the Preacher Conference.
July 14-15.
Conference of English Teachers. July
14.
Russian Circle Meeting: Monday. 8
p.m. International Center. Russian
games, songs, and tea are features of
the evening.
Graduate Outing Club: The Graduate
Outing Club will meet Sunday at 2
p.m. at the northwest entrance of the
Rackham Building, for swimming,
games, picnicing and hiking. Bring cars,
LETTERS
To the Editor
McPhuI Again . .
To the Editor:
TH~IS LETTER Is being wlitten
in the hope thatthegstudents
of the University of Michigan, giv-
en a chance to hear the story of
our case, will make up their own
minds as to the importance of the
issues involved.
We, Arthur McPhaul, executive
secretary of the Civil Rights Con-
gress of Michigan, and Saul Gross-
man, executive secretary of the
Michigan Committee for Protec-
tion of Foreign Born, have recent-
ly been cited for Contempt of
Congress. The citations grew out
of our refusal to surrender the
books and records of our organiza-
tions to the House un-American
Activities Committee last Spring,
We did not surrender our rec-
ords for a number of reasons. We
felt, for one, that this request was
an intrusion of the Fourth Amend-
ment which guarantees protection
against "unreasonable searches
and seizures" of persons, houses,
papers, and effects.
Secondly, by turning ovr the
records to this committee, we
would have placed in jeopardy our
membership, our contributors, and
our friends. We were then-and
still are-convinced that this com-
mittee was not interested in find-
ing facts. It was mainly interested
in damaging reputations, stifling
opposition to their methods and
purposes, and furthering the sen-
atorial aspirations of one of its
members.
It is worthy of note that Mr.
William Gossett, vice-president
and general counsel of the Ford
Motor Co., pointed out that the
committee has usurped the judi-
cial function and that witnesses
"are denied basic constitutional
safeguards which in a court pro-
ceeding are granted as a matter of
right, even to one who, after in-
vestigation has been accused of a
crime . . . (It) is a type of trial
by public opinion, a pillorying of
individuals not accused of crimes."
Under these circumstances we,
as responsible officers of respon-
sible organizations, could not as-
sist in this pillorying of our mem-
bership and our contributors. We
could not betray the trust of our
friends. We could not surrender
our integrity by becoming inform-
er's.
We feel that our case is one
which involves issues basic to Am-
erican civil liberties. We are ask-
ing the American people to sup-
port us by writing Attorney Gen-
eral J. P. MGranery, Department
of Justice, Washington, D.C., urg-
ing that no action be taken against
us.
For those who want further in-
formation, please write us at 1442
Griswold Street, Room 303, Detroit
26, Michigan, and we will prompt-
ly forward a fact sheet on our
ON THE
Washington Merry-Go-Round
with DREW PEARSON
DREW PEARSON SAYS: G.O.P. CONVENTION RECORD-MAKING
IN SEVERAL WAYS; BATTLING REPUBLICANS ACTED MORE
LIKE DEMOCRATS; G.O.P. MUST END ABSENTEE POLITICAL
LANDLORDISM IN SOUTH.
* * * *
CHICAGO-Regardless of this Republican convention ever electing
a President it will set a record for several things.
First, it will last longer than any other recent convention.
Second, it will set a record for SNAFUS.
Third, it will be more like a Democratic convention than any other.
Democratic conventions have become famous for their rebel
yells, boisterous behavior, hot tempers, prolonged demonstrations.
Things never go quite right at a Democratic convention even
when the machinery is all geared to nominate a Roosevelt or a
Truman. Either the South walks out, a Chicago sewer commis-
sioner takes over from the basement or a Bob Hannegan switches
names on a letter from Roosevelt.
When the Democrats put on a keynote speaker like Alben Barkley
they whoop it up for 45 minutes. When the Republicans put on Gen-
eral MacArthur they give him a milk-toast demonstration-three
minutes. Of course, Alben gave the boys some phrases they could
whoop and holler about while MacArthur was pretty dull.
When a breast beater like Barkley shouts "when Franklin
Roosevelt started to brush away the cobwebs of the Hoover ad-
ministration he found that even the spiders were starving" it's
a little easier to throw your hat in the air than after 50 minutes
of dull platitudes have been droned in your ear.
Aside from the keynote speech and the lack of rebel yells, how-
ever, the Republicans came much nearer the hot and humid hetero-
genousness of the Democratic spirit. In brief, the Republicans have
really battled.
* * * *
HEALTHY BATTLE
AND SINCE the Republican party has been pretty much devoid of
forceful leadership of late these birthpangs of battle lrobably were
necessary. Certainly it was healthy to have the battle over seating
Southern delegates fought out in the open under the full glare of
the TV cameras. The entire Republican party got a real understand-
ing for the first time of how the GOP has been a captive party in the
South, and if it wants to build for the future it has to get rid of
absentee political landlordism below the Mason-Dixon lin
The battle over the platform, also healthy, was s heated
that it might have been pulled by the Democrats themselves. In
fact, one phase of it will win the Democrats a lot of votes.
For, whereas the Democratic platform has gone right down the
line for a compulsory Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC)
with enforcement powers, the Republicans argued for a couple of
days over whether to support a purely advisory FEPC or whether to
leave the problem of race discrimination up to the states.
Most Southern Democrats would be delighted to accept the
latter. They've always wanted discrimination left to the states.
And many Southern Democrats, including Senator Russell of
Georgia, do not frown on an advisory FEPC shorn of enforcement
power to step in and tell a Southern state what to do.
The GOP battle over FEPC was waged under the picture of Ab-
raham Lincoln, founder of the party. Oratorical outbursts constantly
paid tribute to the founder of the party. However, that debate could
cost the election next November.
NEGRO VOTE POWERFUL
FOR THE BIG-CITY Negro vote has been 'estless of late. After
having supported the Democrats about 99 per cent for the last 20
years, Negro leaders were wondering whether they couldn't do better
elsewhere.
However, when General Eisenhower spurned an inquiry from
Harlem congressman Adam Clayton Powell on Negro rights but
answered an inquiry from Jack Powers of Texas on Tidelands oil,
property-rights Negro newspapers seethed.
Today, following the FEPC argument in Chicago, it's almost cer-
tain that the heavy Negro vote of New York, Chicago, Philadelphia,
Pittsburgh, Kansas City and St. Louis will even go to Kefauver. And
that vote, in a close election can tip the scales one way or the other.
* * * *
CHICAGO MERRY-GO-ROUND
TITIAN-HAIRED Mrs. Gifford Pinchot of Pennsylvania came to
Chicago to hold the hand of Gov. John Fine at the suggestion
of another Pennsylvanian, Sen. Jim Duff, who hasn't been able to
hold Fine's hand himself. After Duff made Fine governor of Penn-
sylvania the headstrong Mr. Fine decided to run in the opposite di-
rection. So Duff figured that Mrs. Pinchot, whose husband-governor
first started Fine on his career, might have some influence. She's
been in Chicago keeping him on the track for Eisenhower, not Taft,
Winthrop Aldrich, head of the Chase Bank, has been con-
sidering a libel suit against the Chicago Tribune for saying he
threatened to foreclose on loans of business firms that wouldn't
support Eisenhower.
Three senators got rebuffed by hard-boiled gatekeepers at the
convention hall. Sen. Milt Young of North Dakota and got his ticket
mixed up with a guest and the gatekeeper wouldn't honor it. Sen.
Andy Schoeppel of Kansas wanted to come down to the convention
floor to meet some Kansas delegates as did Sen. Henry Dworshak of
Idaho but were barred. Finally they convinced an usher that a U.S.
Senator deserves some privileges. ' --'
CINJEMA
* * *
PLANS MISFIRED
SENATOR TAFT was planning
to get into General MacAr-
thur's car after the keynote speech
and ride with him to the airport
but plans misfired. Governor Fine
went instead. Taft wanted to talk
about teaming up with MacArthur
but after the MacArthur speech
fell so flat his friends were glad
he hadn't made the contact.
Not many people had a chance
to talk to MacArthur during his
quick trip not even H. L. Hunt,
the Texas oilman who put up
the dough for Doug's headquar-
ters. About all he had a chance
to say was: "Why didn't you
bring Mrs. MacArthur with
you?" Reply: "She prefers to
watch me on TV."
Eisenhower forces didn't decide
until 4:30 a.m. that they wanted
Gov. Theodore Roosevelt McKel-
din of Maryland to make Ike'sno-
minating speech, at which time
they got hold of Ike, woke him up,
had him put on his clothes and
confer with McKeldin. Remarked
an Eisenhower aide: "The army
was never like this."
McKeldin later complained
that Ike's ghost writers failed to
1<f <im _i iaah A t~ l
x
Architecture A ditorium
RIDE THE PINK HORSE with Robert
Montgomery, Wanda Hendrix and Thomas
Gomez.
ABOUT FIVE or six years ago, Robert
Montgomery tr:ed his hand at directing
films. The first was a slick p-!vate eye vehicle
in which the action was viewed by the aud-
iiPtwn &xilg
into a neat little package. The tension is
never forced while the camera angles are
often striking.
Montgomery, as director and star, comes
close to his best efforts here and is ably sup-
ported by Gomez and Hendrix as a pair of
Mexicans who help him get off the hook.
Altogether an admirable job with a mini-
mum of the usual firmic hokum.
Sixty-Second Year
Edited and managed by students of
the University of Michigan under the
authority of the Board in Control of
Student Publications.
EDITORIAL STAFF
Leonard Greenbaum ..Managing Editor
Ivan Kaye and Bob Margolin
..Co-Sports Editors
Nan Regana.. .... . Women's Editor
Joyce Fickies............. Night Editor
Harry Lunn............Night Editor
Marge Shepherd...........Night Editor
Virginia voss.............Night Editor
Mike Wolff...... ........ Night Editor
BUSINESS STAFF
Tom Treeger.......Business Manager
0. &. Mitts.......Advertising Manager
Jim Miller......... ..Finance Manager
Jim Tetreault....Circulation Manager
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