DIFFICULTIES IN KOREA
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VOL. LX, No. 9-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, JULY 8, 1950
FOUR PAGES
President
Seeks More
Atom Funds
Asks Increase of
$260,000,000
WASHINGTON--(AP)- President
Truman called on Congress yes-
terday to provide $260,000,000 to
speed the atomic defense program
and further the work of develop-
ing the awesome hydrogen bomb.
* The money is needed for addi-
tional and more efficient plants
"of advanced design," capable of
producing either weapons for war
or fuels potentially useful for
peacetime power, the President
said.
UNTIL GENUINE and effective
international control of atomic
energy can be achieved, he said,
"We must strengthen our own de-
fenses."
Members of Congress said the
request was planned before the
Korean outbreak.
He noted in his statement that
the January directive instructed
the Atomic Energy Commission
to continue its work on all forms
of atomic weapons, "including
the hydrogen fusion bomb."
"In this new undertaking," the
President said, "the Atomic Energy
Commission has my complete con-
fidence, based upon the able 'and
vigorous leadership which it has
given to the atomic energy pro-
gram in the past."
* * *
HIS STATEMENT made no
mention of the fact that the com-
mission, normally a five-member
body, is down to three commis-
sioners. His reappointment of
Sumner T. Pike has been under
heavy fire from some senators,
with a vote on confirmation due
Monday. The President has named
no permanent chairman to succeed
David E. Lilienthal, who resigned
from the commission in February.
Some Washington lawmakers,
however, said the chance that
Pike would be confirmed for re-
appointment was looking up,
despite the adverse 5 to 4 vote
his nomination received from
Senate members of the Joint
Atomic Committee.
The Senate Appropriations Com-
mittee is considering a regular
budget item for the Atomic Com-
mission, carrying $647,820,000 in
cash and $300,150,000 in contract
authority for the current fiscal
year. The House, in approving
those sums, trimmed the total
$61,980,000 below what the com-
mission asked.
Committee
ClearsJessup
WASHINGTON-(P)-The Dem-
oeratic majority of a Senate For-
eign Relations Subcommittee re-
portedly voted unanimously yes-
terday to clear Ambassador Philip
C. Jessup of "pro - Communist"
charges fired at him by Senator
McCarthy (R-Wis.).
Informants who asked not to
be named gave differing versions
of the position of the two Repub-
licans on the committee.
ONE SOURCE said both GOP
members abstained from voting.
Another said one Republican voted
against the clearance motion and
that the other refrained from vot-
ing.
Both of the GOP members,
Senator Lodge of Massachusetts
and Senator Hickenlooper of
Iowa, were said to have taken
the position there should be no
committee verdict at this time
on any of the persons accused by
McCarthy.
Lodge and Hickenlooper were
understood to have made it clear
that their stand was not to be
interpreted as representing any
decision one way or the other re-
garding Jessup.
*
*
* *
GI's
Ambushed,
Forced
to
Retreat
a)
*
*
* * *
* *
Mrs. Healy Named
To* Acting Deanship
Sarah Lutes Healy, '30, has been appointed acting associate dean
of women, Provost James P. Adams announced yesterday.
. Effective immediately, she will be in charge of the Office of the
Dean of Women pending the appointment of a dean.
Mrs. Healy has bben the coordinating director of Lloyd Hall,
but she will relinquish this position in order to devote full itme to
the office of the dean of women, Provost Adams said.
"I AM PLEASED TO HAVE the opportunity to work with Michi-
gan students and am looking forward to working with them in the fall,"
Mrs. Healy said. It
It is gratifying to come back
to a school from which one
graduated and to have the op-
portunity to further the pro-
gress already made here, she
added.
As coordinating director of
Lloyd Hall, Mrs. Healy's duties
consisted of coordinating the ac-
tivities of the four residence
houses within the hall, besides
* * *
SARAH LUTES HEALY
planning and supervising an "in-
service" training program for the
staff, which included 16 graduate
counselors.
A GRADUATE of the Richmond,
Mich., public schools, Mrs. Healy
attended the Ward Belmont Ju-
nior College and received an A.B.
degree from the University.
From 1930 to 1932 she served
as a dormitory social director at
the University, after which she
went to Syracuse University on
a fellowship in personnel. There
she headed a girls' dormitory
from 1932 to 1934.
Serving as director of residence
on the dean of women's staff at
Syracuse. from 1934 to 1935, she
then headed a dormitory for one
year, was assistant dean of women
for two years and director of resi-
dence in her fourth year at the
Unversity of Arizona.
She next became dean of women
at the University of Idaho South-
ern Branch from 1939 to 1940, af-
ter which she retired from active
college work until she accepted
the appointment as coordinating
director of Lloyd Hall last fall.
Switchmen
Still Strike
CHICAGO-(A)-AFL Switch-
men last night rejected a govern-
ment request that they end their
13-day strike against the 8,000-
mile Rock Island Railroad.
But government mediators re-
ported "good progress" toward
heading off a threatened nation-
wide tieup by two other unions.
* * *
THE SWITCHMEN'S Union re-
jected a government request - the
third formal request in seven days
- that they send all their strikers
back to work.
Leverett Edwards, a member
of the Natinnl (Railwavy Me-
NEA Outlaws
Red Teachers
From Ranks
ST. LOUIS-(P)--The National
Education Association, largest pro-
fessional organization in the coun-
try, voted today to bar Commu-
nists and other subversives from
membership.
Willard Givens, Executive Sec-
retary of the NEA, refused to an-
nounce figures on the vote by
some 3,300. delegates but said the
resolution carried "by an almost
unanimous vote."
When the convention opened
Monday it was announced the
New York Teachers Union, Lo-
cal 555, had withdrawn its mem-
bership in the association, con-
tending the proposed change in
bylaws was an attack on aca-
demic freedom.
As amended, the bylaw states:
"No person shall be permitted or
continued in membership in the
NEA who advocates or who is a
member of the Communist party
of the United States or of any
organization that advocates chang-
ing the form of government of
the United States by any means
not provided in the Constitution
of the United States."
Dulles Asks
GreaterMight
HAMILTON, N. Y.,-(/P)-John
Foster Dulles said last night the
United States should step up mili-
tary production to prevent fur-
ther aggressions by Russian-
equipped Communist forces.
The Republican foreign policy
adviser to the State Department
said the Soviet Union may not
be prepared to commit its total
might to total war "because of
its relative economic weakness."
But, Dulles said, "international
Communism is prepared to use,
in open warfare, the armed forces
of puppet and satellite Commu-
nist states which are equipped with
armament of Russian manufac-
ture."
"Even now it is not too late to
put peace onto a more stable ba-
sis than ever before," Dulles as-
serted.
U.S. Troops'
Morale Falls
In New Loss
Battle Involves
No Major Forces
BULLETIN
TOKYO, Saturday, July 8-
(RP)-General MacArthur today
reported South Korean forces
had regrouped and are now bat-
tling the Communist invaders
near Mugung, 50 air miles
southeast of Seoul.
On the esast of this sector,
a headquarters comunique
said, the Southerners were hold-
ing the Northern forces and
"in some cases have gained
ground."
A new or regrouped North Ko-
rean division was reported in
the Mugung sector and "con-
siderable action has been re-
ported in this area," the com-
munique added.
TOKYO-()-American troops
who probed ten miles deep into
Communist-held territory yester-
day ran into an ambush and were
forced to retire with some casual-
ties, front dispatches from South
Korea said.
It was the second retreat by
American advance units in as
many days, and while indications
were that no major forces were
engaged, Associated Press corres-
pondent Tom Lambert reported
from the field that it was a morale
shaker.
* * *
LAMBERT SAID it pointed up
the need for more men, guns and
ammunition to halt the Red inva-
sion.
The setback occurred as a
Tokyo headquarters spokesman
announced arrival of American
tanks in South Korea. The tanks
had not yet reached the front,
however.
Lambert said the North Koreans
had allowed the Americans to in-
filtrate northward ten miles, then
poured in flanking fire from the
houses and hills of a village the
Americans had passed through.
THE REDS then drove a wedge
between two American defense
forces, he said, but it was quickly
brought under American 'artillery
fire.
The Communist action, he
said, had brought "to a crash-
ing halt" the first American
counter-move on the ground in
the Korean war.
* * *
MacARTHUR ALSO yesterday
authorized the Japanese govern-
ment to increase its total police
force by 75,000 men by establish-
ing a "national police reserve."
This will swell the total of Jap-
anese police to 200,000 men.
The American patrol which ran
into trouble had been ordered to
"make contact and keep pushing-
there's more heavy stuff coming
behind you," Lambert said.
Reds Staging
War Ganes
In Germany
BERLIN-(A)-Eight Soviet di-
visions are churning up the dust
of East Germany's plains in exten-
sive war games, American authori-
ties reported yesterday.
The Korean conflict and its un-
certain political trends may be a
factor, U.S. observers say, but they
think it more likely that the Rus-
sians' maneuvers have been step-
ped up because of the influx of
thousands of young, untrained
troops.
* * *
U.S. HIGH Commissioner John
J. McCloy told a news conference
in Frankfurt yesterday there are
no signs of any immediate attack
on Western Germany "and I
don't think there is going to be
any attack. In fact, I think the
developments in Korea may make
such an attack les slikely," Mc-
Cloy said.
The maneuvers are being con-
ducted in five areas of the So-
viet zone of Germany on Terrain
that is ideal for tank sweeps.
An undetermined number of the
Red Army's 2,000 tanks in East
Germany are taking part.
Although this is normally ma-
neuver time for the Soviet occu-
pation troops, estimated at 200,000
comprising 20 divisions, U.S. ex-
perts note more activity than in
previous years.
The Russians have always main-
tained an armed force in East
Germany as large as the combined
American, British and French
force in the West. Intelligence
sources say this relationship has
not changed.
No Excise Cut
WASHINGTON-(k)-The out-
look for a $1,010,000,000 excise tax
slash - or any reduction at all
- dimmed yesterday in the sha-
dow of the Govenrment's move
to mobilize new forces for the
fight against Communists in Ko-
rea.
Security Council Names
U.S. to Head UN Forces
LAKE SUCCESS - (RP) - The
United Nations today cleared the
way for appointment of Gen.
Douglas MacArthur to be the first
Supreme Commander of UN
Forces in Korea.
It also authorized him to fly
the blue and white UN flag be-
side the stars and stripes.
THE UN asked nations supply-
ing forces in the battle against
Communist North Korea to put
them under a unified command
headed by the United States. The
action was taken by the Security
Council by a 7 to 0 vote. Three
members, Egypt, Yugoslavia and
India, abstained and the 11th
member, the Soviet Union, con-
tinued its boycott of the Council.
A peace demonstrator who
said he was a conscientious ob-
jector was thrown out of the
council chamber just before the
meeting began. He gave his
World News
Roundup
By The Associated Press
LONDON - The Foreign Office
said yesterday Romania has ask-
ed Britain to withdraw R. A. King,
third secretary at the British Em-
bassy in Bucharest.
The announcement said Roman-
ia charged him with spying.
The Foreign Office said that
while it will comply with the re-
quest for King's removal it re-
jects the charge that he is a spy.
PARIS - The 18 European
members of the Marshall Plan
agreed unanimously yesterday to
set up a European Payments Union
(EPU), designed to open new
channels for freeing world trade.
CAIRO - Foreign correspon-
dents and Egyptian journalists
soon may face prison terms for
publishing anything about Egypt's
royal family without written per-
mission.
name as James Peck of New E
York City.-0'
Warren R. Austin, chief U.S.
delegate, told the council the
United States gladly accepts the
responsibilities and obligations
placed upon it by the council.
. * * *
APPOINTMENT OF MacAr-
thur is expected to be made soont
by Washington and an Americant
spokesman said the Americansf
certainly would fly the UN flag
beside the United States emblem.
The council by its decision
today backed up more fully its
resolution of June 26 calling for
a cease fire in Korea and its
resolution of June 27 author-
izing the strongest possiblea
peace enforcement action tol
stop the fighting in South Ko-
rea.
Forty-five of the 59 UN mem-
bers have endorsed the action and
six-The United States, Great
Britain, Australia, Canada, New
Zealand and The Netherlands -
actually are chipping in armed
forces.]
** *
SIR Gladwyn Jebb of Britain,'
one of the sponsors of the resolu-
tion, said the idea of a supreme
war council within the UN was
dropped. He said it was not be-
lieved necessary now.
After the council adjourned
Secretary - General Trygve Lie
presented to Austin a blue and'
white flag used by acting media-'
for Ralph Bunche during the Pal-
estine troubles. It will be shipped
to MacArthur immediately for use
at the new headquarters of the
unified command.
Colonel says
Yanks Hated in
South Korea
DETROIT-(M)-An Air Force
reserve colonel just returned from
four years in Korea predicted yes-
terday that the United States
would need 100,000 men and a full
year to win the hostilities there.
The main reason, said Lt. Col.
Thomas MacClure, is the "the
South Korean hate us - they hate
most white men.'
COL. MacCLURE, who has been
a member of the U.S. military
government in Korea, told news-
men it is necessary to have lived
in the country to "realize what a
tough, costly and gigantic task
lies ahead of us."
"Our biggest danger will be
sabotage and ambuscade," he
said. "The South Koreans will
work in the rice paddies during
thes daiu.t a. nee.,fula s ou
YANK ACK-ACK-An American anti-aircraft crew mans a gun near the airfield at Suwon, South
Korea, as a U.S. transport plane in the background brings in supplies. Note the used cartridges,
indicating recent action. The air field subsequently fell to North Korean forces.
Enlistments,
Draft Will
MeetQuota
New Yank Drive
May Be Planned
By The Associated Press
President Truman yesterday or-
dered an expansion of the fight-
ing forces - through enlistments
or the draft - in order to throw
greater strength into the Korean
struggle.
one member of Congress told
reporters privately that Congres-
sional leaders who attended an
urgent meeting at the White
House got the impression that
an all-out drive in Korea by po-
werful U.S. forces was being plan-
ned .
* * *
THE AMOUNT of the expan-
sion was kept secret. Under pre-
sent law it could run as high as
547,482 men,,bringing the ser-
vices to 2,005,882.
After a day of meetings in
whichrPresident Truman co-
ferring with his Cabinet, defense
chiefs, and Congressional lea-
ders, the Pentagon announced:
1-That the military services
were authorized to take in more
men than congress has appropriat-
ed money for. (New appropriations
will be requested later).
2-That use of selective service
was authorized.
3-That volunteers will be ac-
cepted.
* 4* *
PROMPTLY, spokesmen for the
Army, Navy and Air Force said
they would be happy to get all
their required manpower through
enlistments alone if possible.
They also said that at pre-
sent no reserve officers will be
ordered to duty without their
consent.
Under present law, any male
with certain exceptions - who
has reached his 19th birthday and
has not yet reached his 26th, can
be ordered into uniform and kept
in service for 21 months, if he
passes a physical examination.
Any member of the national
guard or the reserves can be
called into active service for
the same length of time.
Every male must register with
his local draft board as soon as
he becomes 18. He can't be draft-
ed for a year after that.
EXEMPTED GROUPS include:
ministers and ministerial students;
aliens who have not applied for
citizenship; mentally, morally or
physically unfit persons; state
and federal judges; Congressmen
and members of state legislatures,
and other officials elected by
statewide vote; conscientious ob-
jectors; sole surviving sons of fa-
milies who already have lost a
member in military service; and
war veterans who served at least
90 days between December 7, 1941,
and September 12, 1945, or at least
12 months between September 16,
1940, and June 24, 1948.
Local draft boards may grant
deferments to others, such as
men who have dependents or
who are engaged in essential
work.
But these deferments can be
revoked.
* * *
DRAFTING or enlistment of up
to 547,482 youths from 19 to 26
would have little effect on the
nation's factory output or overall
manpower pool, in the opinion of
government job experts.
Most of the first batch of young
men needed to fill the draft and
armed forces requirements author-
ized by President Truman today
will be:
1-Unskilled workers w h o
have been smployed only a com-
parative short time and who
have not yet acquired much
training in industry.
2-Those who have just left
school or college and are about
to join the work force for the first
time.
Th m414fai-i, vi, a . n ,ifim-
'COMMUNICATION' IN THE ARTS:
Panel Offers Diverging Opinions
4N_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
"The 'apprecition' of art is de-
pendent upon its communication
with the individual," Professor
Frederick Wight, associate direc-
tor of the Boston Institute of Con-
temporary Art, said yesterday in
a panel discussion of "Communi-
cation in the Arts."
Thisstatement was sharply
questioned by Professor Burton
chairman of the art department,
University of Kansas. Prof. Charles
L. Stevenson of the philosophy de-
partment acted as moderator.
Prof. Thuma requested a defin-
ition of both the term and method
of 'communication.'
"There is a subconscious ele-
xnent in communication where
emotionl ives- it is that element
PROF. CIARDI emphasized that
this reaction cannot be analyzed
logically because it is dependent,
in poetry, for example, on context
rather than on separate words.
"This context constitutes the
means of communication," he
declared. "It is this which
creates the emotionalquality."
The panel expanded this point
Prof. Finney added that music
also communicates through the
language of emotions, which can-
not be verbally translated. "There-
fore we may assume that 'mean-
ing' is effect," he asserted.
BECAUSE the communication is
subjective and personal, "only
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