PAGE TWO
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
AY, JIDLY'l. - 0SOr
THE MICHGAN DAIL
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ ..__ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _.
FRIDAY. JULY '7. Th!U1
fi ,
Women
THOMAS L. STOKES:
"You Can See How North Korea Was Invaded"
In Uniform,
WITH THE PRESENT threatening turn
Wof events in the news spotlight, MIs.
Oveta Culp Hobby, the ex-WAC chief, pre-
dicts that wqmen as well as men will be
drafted for service. She is sure that in the
event of war "American women will be found
equal to the severe demands."
These severe demands, she elaborates,
would come both in civilian defense work'
and in the armed forces.
Mrs. Hobby is overlooking the fact that
American womanhood need not have to
face such severe demands while in uni-
form. The belief that strict military regu-
lations and physical hardships is the only
effective way to govern women service
groups should be revised.
The physical limitations of women should
be considered in the assigning of physical
duties. The strenuous tasks given on Kitchen
Police and the endurance test of long par-
ades are not conducive to the individual's
efficiency or the group's well being. Nor are
the lifting of heavy objects and the carrying
of bulky firewood. Such rigorous routines,
while an established part of military life,
should be modified in order to meet the
qualifications of the group involved.
If a fellow soldier collapses during atten-
tion, regulations state that an eyes-front at-
titude will be maintained. Sick call is dis-
couraged except if it is impossible to con-
tinue without a visit to the infirmary. By
recognizing the need for change and adapt-
ing the rules so that they harmonize with
the limitations of the women soldiers, much
could be done to ease the friction and hard-
ships that occur.
The abrupt change from civilian life to
military life involves a lengthy-period of ad-
justment. In addition to the rigorous routine
oflong marches, full-time school and clean-
ing duties, plus numerous off-duty tasks, the
young woman must learn to sacrifice her in-
dividuality to become a workable part of the
organization. This in itself is difficult.
The women's services could make this
transition period somewhat less gruelling
by balancing the strenuous new routine
of military life with an equally absorbing
program of social life. Instead of an at-
tempt to harmonize these new experiences,
the young woman soldier finds her spare
time--so badly needed for healthy recre-
ation--swamped with further monotonous
duties. It is from long, tedious military as-
signments with no relaxing break that dis-
satisfaction and a consequent general
lowering of morale results.
As the women's services function in an ad-
ministrative and noncombatant capacity,
much could be done to improve the morale
by adopting a more democratic group-plan,
with the commanding officer and her staff
acting as advisors and not executors. A re-
presentative group, elected by the entire
company, could coordinate with the com-
manding officer and her staff on matters
dealing with the company's activities.
This coordination could be achieved with
a resultant improving of morale and a lower-
ing of the detrimental class-consciousness
which so often disrupts the smooth function-
ing of the military group as a whole. Such
an exchanging and respecting of contrary
opinions with the same end in view could be
most advantageous in attaining a harmoni-1
ous and cooperative working group.
Unless the methods of training and fit-
ting young women for the regimented life
of the service are changed, Mrs. Hobby
may be disappointed in her expectations of
American womanhood . meeting wartime
demands.
A certain amount of regimentation is ex-
pected and respected but unnecessary disci-
pline and physical hardships should be eli-
minated if a successful full-time mobilizar
tion plan is to be undertaken.1
-Mary Letsis
UN Police Operation
rzej
WASHINGTON-For the first time in his-
tory a federal union of nations - the
United Nations -- is organizing a combined
army in which the United Nations' flag will
be carried, along with the national flags
from participating units, just as our state
units once carried their flags with the
United States flag.
There have been combined military op-
erations of nations before on a grand
scale as allies were drawn together when
a war developed, each to protect, first
and foremost, its own national interest,
such as in the first and second world wars.
That is nothing new. But never before
has such a military force been drawn to-
gether at the direction of a world-wide
organization of nations for the purpose
of preserving the peace, and maintaining
law and order in the world.
This is a simple and obvious fact, but at
the same time it is a sensational fact which
can mean the beginning of a new era in the
world. A single act of outlawry has brought
about what diplomats had been unable to
do for the United Nations in five years of
its existence. It is unfortunate that it had
to happen that way; but now that it has
happened, it has created a structure that
can be utilized and built upon"so that it can
become possible for effective international
union to come out of the ordeal of conflict
- not for the first time, but for the first
time on such a scale.
THUS FAR, 39 nations have pledged their
support to the United Nations, and of-
fered their assistance in coping with a sit-
uation which in the case of many of those
nations, is thousands of miles away and
nothing, ordinarily, in which they would be-
come immediately involved voluntarily.
The UN once determined upon action
under its Charter, necessarily has had to
feel its way as it went along, though it has
done this with surprising speed and vigor
and, as it proceeds from problem to problem,
it has' discovered that the Charter is a
broad instrument that is capable thus far
of meeting recurring problems. Only the
will was needed. Those who gathered at
San Francisco in 1945 builded better than
they perhaps realized.
The UN first had to create an interna-
tional police force, such as the Charter
provides, but which had not been done
through protracted and futile negotiations.
While our forces moved in first, since we
were prepared to assume the leadership,
others are being added to make this a
truly international police force.
Now there is the problem of a director-
ate for military operations. For this the
military staff committee was provided by
the UN Charter, but clearly it would be
hamstrung by Russian representation. How-
ever, the Charter is broad enough to permit
the nations engaged in this enterprise - a
majority of those associated with the UN
- to set up another directorate, and the UN
assumed this task.
* ,, .,-
IN THIS PRACTICAL experience to meet
the Korean crisis, the first of such magni-
tude encountered by the UN, the world or-
ganization is learning, and will continue to
learn, much of value, so that ultimately the
Charter can be revised. It is an experience
similar to that through which our nation
has gone in amending and interpreting bur
Constitution.
This is a story that needs repetition,
and constant re-emphasis as we go
through an ordeal in which there will be
more casualty lists; for we are, indeed,
embarked on a new chapter in world
history - if we will make it so -- one
that can give meaning to our sacrifices,
one, too that may require a re-casting
in our thinking to some extent.
It requires less from us, however, because
we begin it with a background of experience
in developing the union idea of more than
150 years. For that reason it imposes extra
responsibility upon us as a people to see
that the next step in world political organ-
ization succeeds. We have made a good
start.
(Copyright 1950, by United Feature Syndicate, Inc.)
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INTERPRETING THE NEWS:
The A lHies' Worries
By J. M. ROBERTS, JR.
AP Foreign Affairs Analyst
THE WESTERN ALLIES have five major preoccupations at the mo-
ment in addition to the actual fighting in Korea:
1-Will Chinese Communist forces go ahead with their plans for
the invasion of Formosa?
2-Will they send reinforcements to North Korea?
3-Will Russia sponsor a Bulgarian maneuver in Greek and Yugo-
slav Macedonia which might produce a Balkan war?
4-Will the Communists make an all-out effort in Indo-China
before American arms aid can make itself felt?
5-Will Russia use the occasion for further activities in Iran,
where things are not too stable, and where it is not impossible that
a swift switch of government might give the Kremlin a peaceful con-
quest?
OF THESE QUESTIONS, probably the most urgent now is whether
Chinese Communist troops may be thrown into the Korean fight-
ing.
The United States is taking care not to offer any incitement
on this score. That was why Chiang Kai-Shek was asked to stop
his air raids on the mainland when the Seventh Fleet was ordered
to defend Formosa. And why his offer of troops for Southern
Korea has not been accepted, and probably will not be accepted
at all unless the Peiping forces move in anyway.
Reports from Hong Kong have strengthened the fear, however,
that Peiping's plans for an invasion of Formosa had gained such mo-
mentum that their abandonment would represent a serious poli-
tical as well as military problem, and that they might try it even in
the face of American naval opposition.
From this distance, however, that hardly seems practical. No
country in the world is capable of bucking the U.S. Navy in such a
position. Some invaders might get through, but they would pay ter-
ribly long before they even met Chiang's defenders.
'. . ........-I
I
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DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN.
ON THE
Washington Merry- Go= Round
WITH DREW PEARSON
WASHINGTON-U.S. observers had pick-
ed up word, prior to the Korean inva-
sion, that the Cominform had worked out
an over-all plan of attacks and revolts by
satellite countries, but such an attack was
not expected in Korea.
In fact, Moscow's Korean strategy was
kept so secret that not even the Commun-
ist government of Mao Tse-Tung in Pei-
ping was told about it. Since then Mao
has sent a stiff protest to Moscow that
the action was in his sphere and he should
have been informed.
On the other hand the Chinese Commun-
ist general staff was twice alerted for an
invasion of Formosa, one by June 15, the
other by June 20. This information leaked
to U.S. intelligence - perhaps purposely,
in order to divert U.S. attention away from
Korea to Formosa.
If on purpose, the strategy was success-
ful, for the chief thing MacArthur ham-
mered at Secretary of Defense Johnson
about during their Tokyo conference was
Formosa. Korea was not mentioned.
Other areas which, according to this ad-
vance information, were ready for the Com-
inform master-squeeze were:
1. YUGOSLAV-BULGARIAN BORDER -
Border skirmishes had increased; Bulgar-
ian troops were massing; and it looked as
if Moscow were preparing a Bulgarian at-
tack on Tito.
2. IRAN - A "revolt" by the Tudeh pro-
Communist party was either planned or else,
was purposely leaked to U.S. intelligence
in order to divert our attention to Iran in-
stead of Korea. In this case, Azerbaijan
troops would have been used instead of the
Russian Army.
3. GERMANY - The East German army
armed by Russia went on maneuvers in East
Germany and Poland.
SATELLITES SHIELD MOSCOW
N ALL THSE CASES, the Cominform plan-
ned to use satellite troops to do the fight-
ing, while Moscow pushed the button.
The fact that the United States reacted
so quickly and emphatically to block the
Korean coup definitely surprised Moscow
Editorials published in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views' of the writers only.
NIGHT EDITOR: LARRY ROTHMAN
A University
F I WERE founding a university, I would
found first a smoking room; then when
I had a little more money in hand I would
found a dormitory; then after that, or more
probably with it, a decent reading room and
a library. After that, if I still had more
money that I couldn't use, I would hire a
professor and get some textbooks.
-Stephen Leakock
'1
1.
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1:
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I
and may have thrown Cominform calcula-
tions off schedule.
It is obvious from various reactions pick-
ed up in Moscow that the Kremlin expect-
ed us to operate as the old League of Na-
tions - debate, procrastinate, and do-
nothing.
The fact that we moved as we did, and
under the United Nations, may have thrown
a monkey wrench into the whole series of
satellite moves. Or, on the other hand, the
Cominform may now be more determined
than ever to save face by carrying the
schedule out.
IMPOSSIBLE KOREAN BOUNDARY
A LOT OF PEOPLE have blamed Roose =
velt and Churchill for the impossible
38th parallel by which Korea was divided in-
to two unwieldly Communist and non-Com-
munist parts. Thanks to political ballyhoo
the impression has got out that this line
was fixed at Yalta.
Actually, however, this was a military,
decision, made by General MacArthur un-
der circumstances which he could not
control.
The line was fixed in 1945 in order to
prevent the Red Army from moving farther
south and taking all of Korea.
It was on Aug. 12, 1945, that the Red
Army moved into Korea. This was before
the 38th parallel line was drawn and before
Japan surrendered. At that time it looked
as if the Communists would sweep over all
Korea, after which it would be impossible
for the United States to get them out.
Nearest U.S. forces at that time were on
Okinawa, 600 miles away, and it was im-
possible to get U.S. troops to Korea in time
to intervene. In fact, they did not get to
Korea until Sept. 8.
In order to prevent the Russians from
occupying all Korea, therefore, the U.S.
Army got an agreement from Russia to fix
the 38th parallel as a line south of wlich
the Red Army would not penetrate.
By the time American troops arrived in
Korea one month later, the Red Army had
actually moved south of the 38th parallel,
but was finally persuaded to move back.
Later the United States started a series
of conferences to remove the barrier and
cow refused. The United Nations also
took a try at it and sent a commission
to study the situation. Arriving in South
Korea in January, 1948, however, the
commission was barred from North Kor-
ea, and the Soviet commander even refused
to accept delivery of a letter suggesting
a courtesy call.
The UN commission prepared for free
elections in Southern Korea, in which the
Korean people, long denied the right to
vote, made an excellent record. Approxi-
mately 75 per cent registered, of which more
than 95 per cent voted - despite a Commun-
Publication in The Daily Official
Bulletin is constructive notice to all
members of the University. Notices
for the Bulletin should be sent in
typewritten form to the Office of the
Summer Session, Room 3510 Admin-
istration Building, by 3:00 p.m. on
the day preceding publication (11:00
a.m. Saturdays).
FRIDAY, JULY 7, 1950
VOL. LX, No. 8-S
Notices
The Teachers' Oath will be ad-
ministered to all August candi-
dates for the teacher's certificate'
on Thursday and Friday, July 6
and 7, in Room 1437 U.E.S. This
is a requirement for the teacher's
certificate.
Concerts for 1950-51. The Uni-
versity Mlusical Society announ-
i ces that orders for season tickets
for the Choral Union Series and
for the Extra Concert Series for
1950-51, are being accepted and
filed in sequence, at the offices
of the University Musical Society
in Burton Memorial Tower.
Choral Union Series (10 con-
certs): Helen Traubel, Oct. 5;
Boston Symphony, Oct. 22; Cleve-
land Orchestra, Nov. 5; Solomon,
pianist, Nov. 20; Polytech Chorus
of Finland, Nov. 28; Royal Phil-
harmonic, Sir Thomas Beecham,
conductor, Dec. 3; Eica Morini,
Jan. 11; Horowitz, Jan. 19; Chi-
cago Symphony, March 4; and
Heifetz, March 14.
ExtraConcert Series (5 con-
certs) : Lauritz Melhior, Oct. 10;
Boston Symphony, Oct. 25; Myra
Hess, Nov. 14; the original Don
Cossacks, Jan. 15; and the Cin-
cinnati Symphony, Feb. 20.
Riding Instruction for Men and
Women Students: More students
will be accepted in these classes.
Further information may be ob-
tained in Barbour Gymnasium, Of-
fice 15.
The language examination for
M.A. candidates in history will be
given Friday, July 14 at 4 p.m.,
in Rm. 1209 Angell Hall.
Those wishing to take the ex-
amination should indicate that
fact to the History Department
secretary, Rm. 100A, Rackham
Building, by Wednesday, July 12.
Lectures
Contemporary Arts and Society
Program. Panel discussion: Pro-
fessors Ciardi (Harvard Univer-
sity), Ross Finney (University of
Michigan), Edward W. Rannells
(University of Kentucky), Charles
Stevenson (University of Michi-
gan). 4:15 p.m., Rackham Lecture
Hall. Friday, July 7.
Dr. Ralph Rabinovitch from the
Neuropsychiatric Institute, Uni-
versity Hospital will be our Psy-
chiatric Consultant in the Case
Clinic Friday, July 7 at the Fresh
Air Camp, Pinckney, Mich.
Academic Notices
Doctoral Examination for Leo
Francis Koch, Botany; thesis:
"The Distribution of Californian
Mosses," Friday, July 7, 1139 Na-
tural Science Bldg., at 9 a.m.
Chairman, W. C. Steere.
Concerts
Faculty Recital. Elizabeth Green,
Assistant Professor of Music Ed-
ucation in the School of Music,
will appear in a violin recital at
8:30 Monday evening, July 10, in
the Rackham Assembly Hall. Her
program will include composi-
tions by Fiocco, Glazounow, Mo-
zart, Joaquin Nin, Paganini, Kroll,
and York Bowen, and will be open
to the public. Miss Green will be
accompanied by Helen Titus, As-
sistant Professor of Piano.
Stanley Quartet, Gilbert Ross
and Emil Raab, violinist, Paul
Doktor, violist, and Oliver Edel,
cellist, will be heard in its first
program of the summer series at
8:30 Tuesday evening, July 11, in
the Rackham Lecture Hall. - The
group will be assisted by Ted
Evans, French horn. The pro-
gram, including works by Mozart,
Ross Lee Finney, and Beethoven,
will be open to the general pub-
lic without charge.
Exhibitions
General Library, main lobby
cases. Contemporary literature
and art (June 26-July 26).
Museum of Archaeology. From
Tombs and Towns of Ancient
Egypt.
Museums Building. Rotunda
exhibit, American Indian stimu-
lants. Exhibition halls, "Trees
Past and Present." Fridays, 7:00-
9:00 p.m.
Law Library. History of Law
School (basement),; classics for
collectors (reading room).
Michigan Historical Collections.
160 Rackham Building. Tourists
in Michigan, yesterday and today.
Clements Library. One Hundred
Michigan Rarities (June 26-July
5)
Museum of Art, Alumni Memor-
ial Hall: Modern Graphic Art;
Oriental Ceramics; through July
30; weekdays 9-5,Sundays 2-5.
The public is invited.
Events Today
Natural Science Films, auspices
of the University Museums. 7:30
p.m., Kellogg Auditorium. "Realm
of the Wild."
Reception for foreign students,
auspices of the International
Center. 7:30-12:00 p.m., Rackham
Assembly Hall and Terrace. Fri-
day, July 7.
Play, presented by the Depart-
ment of Speech. "The Corn Is
Green" by Emlyn Williams. 8:00
p.m., Lydia Mendelssohn Theater.
Friday, July 7.
School and Community Orches-
tra Training Conference, Friday,
Michigan League Ballroom. Pro-'
gram: 8, Summer Session Orches-
tra Rehearsal, Harris Hall. 9, De-
monstration Orchestra Rehearsal,
Louis Wersen, Philadelphia, Pa.,;
conductor. 10, The Second Year
-Elementary and Secondary School
Violin Classes, Paul Rolland, Uni-
versity of Illinois. 11, The JuniorI
High School Orchestra, Elizabeth
Green, University of Michigan. 1,1
Demonstration Orchestra Rehear-1
sal, Louis Wersen. 3, Forum "Or-<
chestra Training Problems," Louis
Wersen, Paul Rolland, Allen Brit-j
Reporters'
Difficulties
PRIMITIVE and overtaxed com-
munication facilities are a ser-_
ious problem both to news services
and the military. Most of the news
from Korea is telephoned over an
ton, Wayne Dunlap, Arthur Berg,
Elizabeth Green.
University Museums: The Pro-
gram of the University Museums
on next Friday evening, July 7, is
entitled "Mammalian Survival."
The featured exhibits in the Mu-
seums Building will be open to the
public from 7 to 9 p.m. Moving
pictures entitled "Realm of the
Wild" will be shown at 7:30 p.m.
in Kellogg Auditorium in the Den-
tal Building.
A special exhibit entitled "The
Coal 'Flora of Michigan" is on
display in the Rotunda of the
Museums Building.
Visitors' Night, Department of
Astronomy: Friday, July 7, at 8:30
to 10 p.m., Angell Hall. The stu-
dent observatory, fifth floor, will
be open for observation of Saturn
and Mars with the telescopes. If
the sky is not clear, the visitors'
night will be cancelled. Children
must be accompanied by adults.
Coming Events
Saturday Luncheon Discussion
Group: Meets at Lane Hall, Sat-
urday, 12:15 p.m. Mr. Harold Sul-
livan will -present a summary on
the Youth for Understanding
Program. -Please make reserva-
tions at 'Lane Hall at 6 p.m., Fri-
day.
Lane Hall Coffee Hour: Lane
Hall, 4:30-6 p.m. Everyone wel-
come. -
B'nai B'rith Hillel Foundation,
1429 Hill Street. Open House for
all students. Sunday evening,
7:30-10:30. Dancing, refreshments.
U. of M. Hostel Club: Meet at
League 9 a.m. Saturday to bike
to Irish Hills. Bring sleeping bag
for sleeping in the open. Activi-
ties will include hiking, swimming
and horseback riding when ar-
rive. Call Bob Duval, 2-0609 for
reservations.
*
rTHE COMMUNIST bloc might feel safe in making a pass at Yugo-
slavia while U.S. attention centers in the Far Pacific, but they
can hardly hope to get away with anything in Greece after the deter-
mination already displayed there by the allies.
There is a bad internal situation in Iran, making it difficult
for U.S. aid to earn a profit in the way of stabilization, and there
are many dissident elements. There are dangers from infiltra-
tion there. But as for direct aggression, Russia knows that the
geographical and historical position of Persia, relative to the
Middle East and its oil, means that any such move would very
probably produce a major war. And Russia's attitude about the
war she inspired in Korea suggests strongly she is not taking
such chances now.
Not much has been heard in recent days about the Viet Minh Com-
munists in Indo-China and their brothers across the line in China. At
least nothing to indicate any great expansion of Ho Chin Mih's re-
bellious activity. First American arms shipments to the French and
their semi-autonomous Indo-Chinese governments are now en route.
If military needs in Korea should interfere with them too much,
Indo-China might become a serious spot.
*
uncertain radio telephone circuit
from Taejon to Tokyo. Corres-
pondents have access to the circuit
for brief periods when the military
can spare it. Other dispatches are
couriered from Korea to southern
Japan by planes and telephoned
from there to Tokyo. Up to now
there has been considerable con-
fusion because of the meagre and
undependable facilities; reports
from headquarters in Tokyo some-
times have been in conflict with
reports from the front.
While General MacArthur has
announced that he does not wish
to invoke censorship, his head-
quarters has requested correspon-
dents not to report military move-
ments, name locations of units or
bases, or specific military organi-
zations, which yould be detriment-
al to the security or success of
American or allied forces.
,MW
Fifty-Ninth Year
Edited and managed by students of
the University of Michigan under the
authority of the Board in Control of
Student Publications.
Editorial Staff
Philip Dawson......Managing Editor
Marvin Epstein........Sports Editor
Pat Brownson.......Women's Editor
Business Staff
Roger Wellington. ...Business Manager
Walter Shapero... Assoc. Business Mgr,
Telephone 23-24-1
Member of The Associated Press
The Associated Press is exclusively
entitled to the use for republication
of all news dispatches credited to' it or
otherwise credited to this newspaper.
All rights of republicationof all other
matters herein are also reserved.
Entered at the Post Office at Ann
Arbor, Michigan, as second-class 'mail
matter.
Subscription during regutar school
year by carrier, $5.00, by 'mail, $6.00.
V,
CURRE T /MO/I__
At The State...
BARRICADE, with Dane
Raymond Massey.
Clark and
life and limb but for Human Dignity with,
capital letters.
Massey's multiple talents are totally wast-
ed on a straight part that it is impossible for
him to save from the monotony of one-sided-
ness. As the paranoidal and sadistic owner
of an isolated mining camp, Massey derives
maniacal pleasure from his power over the
BARNABY
I E WAS -when the time-honored Holly-
wood western "formula" pitted a clean
young hero against a dirty old villian axk
Big Jim?. . Look-YOU'RE the
high muckety-muck in politics
Why didn't you TELL ME
the state was laying out a
-I
What a-bout my options
for land on the original I |
The only reason they didn't condemn
| your property in the first place is'it |