EDITOR'S NOTE
See Page 2
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Latest Deadline in the State
A6F
Y
SHOWERS AND WA'.RMIFR
t .
' VOL. LIX, No. 27S
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, JULY 28, 1949
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Minority Groups
Troy Comes to Life on Clements Library Steps
Campus 'Generally
Liberal'-Survey
(EDITOR'S NOTE-This is the first of seven articles on the Survey Research
minority group report. Clip them; they will serve as the basis for student
and administration action.)
BY CRAIG WILSON
(Co-Managing Editor)
University students are "generally liberal" on the problem of
minority groups.
That is the conclusion drawn by Eleanor Maccoby, study director,
and Prof. Angus Campbell, director of the University Survey Research
center.
THEY HAVE COMPLETED a comprehensive survey of . student
opinion on "Campus Attitudes Toward Minority Groups." More than
65 students in Psychology-Sociology 185 (Introduction to Survey Re-,
search) and Political Science 116 (Public Opinion and Propaganda)
worked on the project.
A total of 478 students were picked at random from a. card
file of all University students, when the project began in February.
Each student was intensively, questioned at an interviewing office
and his answers tabulated. The final report was drawn up in Miy.
S* * *
ACCURACY OF FIGURES cited in the report is approximately
2 percentage points in either direction.
However, figures not based on the entire 478 sampling have
higher error percentages, according to Mrs. Maccoby.
The topic-inter-group relations-was chosen by the class after
interviews with campus leaders and University administrative officials
to determine what topics would be worth investigating.
MRS. MACCOBY CITED four main areas of importance in the
survey report :
1. Students thought that their social contacts were a more in-
fluential factor in changing their attitudes toward minority groups
than classroom courses and discussions.
2. Catholic students revealed less prejudice than Protestants,
when students were compared according to religious background on
attitudes toward other groups.
3. The trend over the period of a student's life on campus is
for the greatest social distance between minority groups to be found
at the Sophomore level. ,
4. Almost everyone thinks he is more liberal in outlook to
minority groups than other students within his social background.
THE FIRST SECTION of the report deals with "minority groups
and campus housing":
What information do you think the University should get on
students before making its housing assignments?
(Before the minority group topic was put, 35% spontaneously
said race and, or, religion.)
Preferences, interests 27%
Race 27
Religion 22
Personality characteristics 19
Home background 18
Personal habits 17
Senator Invites
Lewis To Defend
Three-Day Week
Operators Ware UMW Action
Will Necessitate Raised Coal Prices
WASHINGTON-(A')-Senator Robertson (D-Va.) said last night
he is "inviting" John L. Lewis to testify before a Senate committee
on his decree of a three-day week in the coal fields.
Robertson has denounced the miners' three-day work schedule
as "a bold, overt act" to seize control over coal prices and produrtion.
THE VIRGINIA SENATOR said he is writing Lewis and two
other officials of the United Mine Workers Union, Vice-President
Thomas Kennedy and Secretary-Treasurer John Owens, inviting
them to appear before the Senate Banking Committee.
-Daily-Ray Okonski
THE TROJEN WOMEN-A story of the seige of Troy which was first performed in 415 B.C. will be presented at 8 p.m. tonight on the
steps of the Clements Library. The play is under the direction of the Department of Speech and will be open to the public at no charge.
~~~ - ___ __*
Age
Specialized field
No information
Class standing
16
11
11
7
r * * * *
"SHOULD THE UNIVERSITY find out whether
Negro, Jew, Latin American, Oriental before making
ments?"
a person is a
house assign-
Yes, at least one of these
No, not any of these
Negro
Oriental
Latin American
Jewish
65%
35
59
56
45
35
Rent Control
May Remain
Federal Law
Final Decision Rests
With Supreme Court
By ALICE PLATT
Federal Rent Control will prob-
ably remain on the books, despite
a recent decision by Federal dis-
trict judge Elwyn R. Shaw that
the Rent Control Act of 1949 is
unconstitutional.
"There is a good chance that
the Supreme court may reverse
Shaw's decision," Prof. G. Kauper
of the Law School, commented.
REMOVAL of rent controls
would lift the lid on thousands of
housing units throughout the na-
tion, in states where no substi-
tute rent bill has been passed.
Prof. Kauper explained that
the rent control law has a "lo-
cal option" clause. This alows
the states to enforce or rop
operation of the act.
Judge Shaw interpreted this
"local option" clause as an illegal
delegation of Federal powers to
the state.
& Se-* * *
PROF. KAUPER pointed out
that rent control is now a con-
current power. It normally be-
longs to the states. Congress,
however, had war powers when the
act was passed on March 30, 1949.
"Consequently, the 'local op-
tion' clause may well be inter-
preted as Congressional recogni-
tion of the state's authority to
regulate rent control in normal
times," he said.
This principle, by which Con-
gress recognizes certain state pow-
ers, is often called "co-operative
federalism." It has appeared in
acts preceding the Prohibition
Amendment and in a few laws
regarding taxation.
* * *
JUDGE SHAW, however, has de-
clared that not only the "local op-
tion" clause but the entire act is
unconstitutional.
Prof. Kauper referred to Sec-
tion 303 of the act, which says,
that if one part of it is declared
invalid, the rest of the act will
not be affected.
The Supreme Court might de-
clare the "local option" clause un-
constitutional. It might, at the
same time, uphold the rest of the
Rent Control Act.
LIGHTING NEWS,
Equality Comes to
Women's Dormitories
Lights Go Down
The not-so welcome lights at
the New Women's Dormitory were
dimmed Friday.
The brilliant 500 watt bulbs
which gave to the residence hall
the nick-name "'The Airport" were
replaced by bulbs with only a 150
watt rating.
BULBS USED in desk lamps are
commonly rated at 100 watts. This
does not imply that the lights at
the women's dorm are still bright
enough to read by. A desk lamp is
used much closer to the area to
be illuminated than is a lamp post.
According to a house director
at the women's residence hall,
the order for the change came
about "upon the request of all
of us." The director who was
annoyed by the bright lights
shining in her suite added that
things now were "very nice."
Francis C. Shiel, Residence Hall
Business Manager from whose of-
fice the order came was out of
town and could not be reached
by The Daily.
- *
BEFORE THE change, the in-
tensity of the lights at the dormi-
tory made it possible for a Daily
cameraman to take a picture there
at 12:27 one night without the
use of additional illumination.
Lights GoUp
The welcome inky blackness sur-
rounding Martha Cook, Newberry,
and Barbour women's dormitories
will be eliminated as part of a city
wide street lighting program.
Henceforth residents of those
halls will be in a class with other
women's dormitories which were
always under the midnight sun.
* * *
PRESENT PLANS call for the
installation of two street lamps di-
rectly across from Martha Cook
building. Betsy Barbour and Helen
Newberry houses will be bathed in
a halo of three lamps on State
St. and another on Maynard.
The lamps will be 200 feet
from Newberry's steps and 100
feet from their porch.
The plan provides for the in-
stallation of 296 new lamps
throughout Ann Arbor to brighten
up the city's streets.
* * *
ACCORDING TO the Detroit
Edison, the changes were neces-
sitated by an increasedin automo-
bile traffic combined with the
University's restrictions which
keep the student body in the cate-
gory of pedestrians.
So now the citizens of Ann- Ar-
bor will be paying $1.472 apiece
every year, to shed some light on
after dark activities of all kinds.
G1eek Play
To Be Staged
By Students
No Admission on Set
For 'Trojan Woman'
Euripides' "The Trojan Women''
will come to life at 8 p.m. tonight
on the steps of the Clements Li-
brary.
The tragedy, which supplements
the Summer Season's program of
"The Ancient Civilizations of
Greece and Rome," will also be
given tomorrow night.
* * *
BOTH PERFORMANCES will be
open to the public at no charge.
Director for the unique out-
door experiment is Claribel
Baird, of the Department of
Speech.
"'The Trojan Women' was
first performed in 415 B.C. from
a story of the siege of Troy
which even then was ancient
history," translator Gilbert Mur-
ray said,. "But the pathos of it
is as modern to us as it was to
the Athenians."'
The play is not perfect, Prof.
Murray added, but it is merely the
crying of one of the great wrongs
of the world wrought into music.
THE PLAY HAS been called one
of the greatest indictments of war
in the sweep of world literature.
The orchestra, composed of 12
musicians from the School of
Music, will be conducted by Ed-
ward Troupin.
Music, written especially for this
production, is by Grant Beglarian,
a student in the School of Music.
Chorus movement is under the di-
rection of Dr. Juana de Laban,
associate supervisor in physical ed-
ucation at the University.
* * *
CLARA BEHRINGER will play
Hecuba in the Greek tragedy; Dor-
othy Gutekunst will be cast as
Andromache; Margaret Pell as
Casandra; Virginia Doherty as
Helen of Troy; John Sargent as
Talthybius; Craig Tenney as Men-
elaus; Beverly Ketcik as Pallas
Athena; Ted Heusel as Poseidon;
and James Clarke, a four-year old
Ann Arbor boy, will play Andro-
mache's son.
In case of rain either night, a
single performance will be given
Saturday night.
A coal industry witness testi-
fied today that Lewis' three-day
week will inevitably cause high-
er coal prices.
The warning came from Lee G.
Gunter, of Knoxville, Tenn., Presi-
dentof the Southern Appalachian
Coal Operators Association.
* * *
GUNTER TOLD THE Senate
banking committee that the ab-
breviated work week, ordered by
Lewis on June 30, is raising the
cost of coal production at least
50 cents a ton.
"The operators must certainly
pass at least part of this on to
the consumers," he said.
Wryly, Gunter observed that
"collective bargaining has become
collective clubbing" when it comes
to dealing with Lewis' United Mine
Workers. He said the Union serves
"ultimatums" on the operators.
THE UNITED Mine Workers re-
jected yesterday as "ridiculous" an
offer by the northern and western
bituminous operators to extend
the old agreement to March 21,
1951.
This brought about another
recess in negotiations until Aug.
11. Similar contract talks with
southern coal operators at Blue-
field, W.Va., were recessed Tues-
day until Aug. 10.
Thomas Kennedy, vice-president
doing the UMW negotiating, told
another conference that the offer
is a "ridiculous proposition and
does not meet the requirements of
the situation in any particular and
we reject it."
* * *
LEWIS DID NOT attend the ne-
gotiations which resumed Tuesday
after nearly a four-week lapse.
Kennedy said the UMW president
was "delayed."
But observers credited Lewis
with depending on his trump card
- the three-day work week - to
pull out more benefits. They figure
his strategy is to drag out nego-
tiations while the short week keeps
reducing the reserves of mined
coal until next winter when he
can take the initiative.
T7
w orld News
Round- Up
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON - President
Truman acknowledged the right
of Congress to pass upon questions
dealing with atomic energy in the
field of international relations,
Secretary of State Acheson told
Congress members yesterday.
NEW YORK-The CIO steel-
workers, the nation's second
largest union, agreed today to
bring its million members into
compliance with the Taft-Hart-
ley Act by signing non-Com-
munist affidavits.
TOKYO - The Army reported
today the severe typhoon which
hit Okinawa Saturday killed v8
persons. It added 36 Okinawans
to the previously announced death
of an American girl and a Filipino
laborer.
WASHINGTON-Secretary of
State Acheson declared yester-
day there is danger the Chinese
Communists may treat as host-
ages some 4,000 Americans who
have failed to leave the coun-
try.
In a new appeal for those who
can do so to depart, the Secre-
tary acknowledged that under
existing conditions the United
Vote on Aid
Bill Delayedl
In Senate
WASHINGTON - A confused
and divided Senate sent the big
Foreign Aid Bill back to com-
mittee today after a bitter dis-
pute over earmarking $2,000,000,-
000 for the purchase of surplus
U.S. crops.
The unexpected development de-
layed action on $3,628,380,000 in
current Marshal Plan funds for
European Recovery and a num-
ber of other overseas aid items,
including $900,000,000 for the costs
of government and relief in occu-
pied areas.
THE BILL, carrying a total of
$5,797,724,000, has been under de-
bate since Monday.
Vice-President Barkley, the
Senate's presiding officer, said
the surprise development should
not be interpreted as a denial of
aid for Europe.
"This was a technical parlia-
mentary situation that doesn't-af-
fect the merits of the bill," he told
reporters.
* * *
HE SAID HE thinks the bill will
pass eventually.
Chairman McKellar (Dem.,
Tenn.) of the Appropriations
Committee said the bill might
not come up for a vote again
before all other appropriation
measures have been acted upon.
This could mean a delay of sev-
eral weeks, in which time the
European Cooperation Adminis-
tration which administers the
recovery program might exhaust
its funds.
McKellar said emergency funds
could be supplied by resolution,
but such a move would have to
originate in the House.
YESTERDAY a decision on the
amendment offered by Senator
McClellan (Dem., Ark.) to nail
down $2,000,000,000 of the money
for the purchase of surplus farm
crops in this country was expected.
Of this, $1,500,000,000 was to come
out of the ECA funds and $500,-
000,000 out of the Army's share for
expenses in occupied areas.
Before this dispute broke out,
the Senate had formally approved
the 10 per cent cut in ECA funds
recommended by the appropria-
tions group.
The reduction had been all but
made yesterday when the Demo-
cratic leadership agreed to accept
it. It went into the bill tamely and
formally by a voice vote.
U.S. Military
Chiefs To Visit
Pact lN#ations
WASHINGTON-P)-The "In-
dependence," President Truman's
own_ plane, will speed the high
command of the Army, Navy and
Air Force to Europe this week to
discuss the creation of a com-
bined military staff for the North
Atlantic allies.
Plans for their flying visit to
Frankfurt, London, Paris and
Vienna were announced by the
national military establishment
today.
' * *
THE ANNOUNCEMENT said
WHAT IS YOUR ATTITUDE toward rooming with: Negro, Jew,
Latin American, Oriental, white non-Jew?
"A very large majority of the student body expressed them-
selves as being willing to participate personally in mixed housing
arrangements."
ROOM with a
Would like to
Would be willing to
Would rather not
Would refuse to
LIVING IN THE
Would like to
Would be willing to
Would rather not
Would refuse to
"Possibly a person
Negro Jew
9% 14%
42 66
35 14
13 3
SAME HOUSE:
Latin
American
24%
58
15
1
Latin
American
40
51
7
1
Oriental
14%
55
24
5
Oriental
37
50
9
2
White
Non-Jew
52%
40
1
0
White
Non-Jew
70
23
0
0
REPORT ON PARIS:
French Glad To
See Many
Negro
30
46
17
6
Jew
33
- 58
6
1
entirely free from prejudice would neither seek
out nor avoid a roommate on the basis of race or religion. He would
make his decision on entirely different grounds."
*** *
THOSE WHO WOULD like, or were willing to, room with minor-
ity group members were divided up according to residence.
"Students living in fraternity and sorority houses are signi-
ficantly less willing to do so:"
American Tourists Coming
By SUSAN SIRIS
(Special to The Daily)
PARIS-(Delayed)-In Paris you see an American on every
street corner, struggling with his "combiens" and elongating his
"mercis."
You skirt the American Express and the big shiny restaurants
designed for tourists, and try to look nonchalant as you stammer
our your order to a French waiter.
PARISIENS SAY that Americans are money-mad and that time
isn't our own, that we buy our beauty and sell our souls.
But Parisiens continue to smile their welcome either because
the sight of an American spells bread to them or because they
want to find out the truth about'he United Staes.
See TOURISTS, Page 4
Dormitory
League Houses
Private Houses
Own Home
Greek .Groups
Same question:
Negro
52%
44
59
43
41
live in the
Latin White
Jew American Oriental Non-Jew
83% 85% 71% (no figure)
80 79 60 -
83 88 73
82 75 68
61 72 54
same house,corridor,4neighborhood:
Latin White
r
HORROR FILM SOCIETY FORMED:
New Campus Group To Raise Dead, Feature Bats
Negro
Dormitory 81
League Houses 74
Private Houses 78
Own Homt 75
Greek Groups 61
"It should be remembered
Jew
92
93
89
97
76
that for
American
93
95
88
95
82
Greek grou
Oriental Non-Jew
89
86
63
95
73
up members, living
Horror Movies will gain new
heights of respectability tomor-
row.
Students and faculty will meet
at 7 p.m., in the Rackham East
Lecture Rm. to organize a pro-
through the Museum of Modern
Arts, New York.
* * *
ACTING committee members
for the proposed group are: Wil-
liam Hampton, instructor, Prof.
in the same house with minority group members might imply a
greater amount of social contact than would be implied for dormitory
w.:a
W . W~... 1* ~ -~
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