EDITOR'S NOTE See Page 2 a # r Latest Deadline in the State A6F Y SHOWERS AND WA'.RMIFR t . ' VOL. LIX, No. 27S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, JULY 28, 1949 PRICE FIVE CENTS Minority Groups Troy Comes to Life on Clements Library Steps Campus 'Generally Liberal'-Survey (EDITOR'S NOTE-This is the first of seven articles on the Survey Research minority group report. Clip them; they will serve as the basis for student and administration action.) BY CRAIG WILSON (Co-Managing Editor) University students are "generally liberal" on the problem of minority groups. That is the conclusion drawn by Eleanor Maccoby, study director, and Prof. Angus Campbell, director of the University Survey Research center. THEY HAVE COMPLETED a comprehensive survey of . student opinion on "Campus Attitudes Toward Minority Groups." More than 65 students in Psychology-Sociology 185 (Introduction to Survey Re-, search) and Political Science 116 (Public Opinion and Propaganda) worked on the project. A total of 478 students were picked at random from a. card file of all University students, when the project began in February. Each student was intensively, questioned at an interviewing office and his answers tabulated. The final report was drawn up in Miy. S* * * ACCURACY OF FIGURES cited in the report is approximately 2 percentage points in either direction. However, figures not based on the entire 478 sampling have higher error percentages, according to Mrs. Maccoby. The topic-inter-group relations-was chosen by the class after interviews with campus leaders and University administrative officials to determine what topics would be worth investigating. MRS. MACCOBY CITED four main areas of importance in the survey report : 1. Students thought that their social contacts were a more in- fluential factor in changing their attitudes toward minority groups than classroom courses and discussions. 2. Catholic students revealed less prejudice than Protestants, when students were compared according to religious background on attitudes toward other groups. 3. The trend over the period of a student's life on campus is for the greatest social distance between minority groups to be found at the Sophomore level. , 4. Almost everyone thinks he is more liberal in outlook to minority groups than other students within his social background. THE FIRST SECTION of the report deals with "minority groups and campus housing": What information do you think the University should get on students before making its housing assignments? (Before the minority group topic was put, 35% spontaneously said race and, or, religion.) Preferences, interests 27% Race 27 Religion 22 Personality characteristics 19 Home background 18 Personal habits 17 Senator Invites Lewis To Defend Three-Day Week Operators Ware UMW Action Will Necessitate Raised Coal Prices WASHINGTON-(A')-Senator Robertson (D-Va.) said last night he is "inviting" John L. Lewis to testify before a Senate committee on his decree of a three-day week in the coal fields. Robertson has denounced the miners' three-day work schedule as "a bold, overt act" to seize control over coal prices and produrtion. THE VIRGINIA SENATOR said he is writing Lewis and two other officials of the United Mine Workers Union, Vice-President Thomas Kennedy and Secretary-Treasurer John Owens, inviting them to appear before the Senate Banking Committee. -Daily-Ray Okonski THE TROJEN WOMEN-A story of the seige of Troy which was first performed in 415 B.C. will be presented at 8 p.m. tonight on the steps of the Clements Library. The play is under the direction of the Department of Speech and will be open to the public at no charge. ~~~ - ___ __* Age Specialized field No information Class standing 16 11 11 7 r * * * * "SHOULD THE UNIVERSITY find out whether Negro, Jew, Latin American, Oriental before making ments?" a person is a house assign- Yes, at least one of these No, not any of these Negro Oriental Latin American Jewish 65% 35 59 56 45 35 Rent Control May Remain Federal Law Final Decision Rests With Supreme Court By ALICE PLATT Federal Rent Control will prob- ably remain on the books, despite a recent decision by Federal dis- trict judge Elwyn R. Shaw that the Rent Control Act of 1949 is unconstitutional. "There is a good chance that the Supreme court may reverse Shaw's decision," Prof. G. Kauper of the Law School, commented. REMOVAL of rent controls would lift the lid on thousands of housing units throughout the na- tion, in states where no substi- tute rent bill has been passed. Prof. Kauper explained that the rent control law has a "lo- cal option" clause. This alows the states to enforce or rop operation of the act. Judge Shaw interpreted this "local option" clause as an illegal delegation of Federal powers to the state. & Se-* * * PROF. KAUPER pointed out that rent control is now a con- current power. It normally be- longs to the states. Congress, however, had war powers when the act was passed on March 30, 1949. "Consequently, the 'local op- tion' clause may well be inter- preted as Congressional recogni- tion of the state's authority to regulate rent control in normal times," he said. This principle, by which Con- gress recognizes certain state pow- ers, is often called "co-operative federalism." It has appeared in acts preceding the Prohibition Amendment and in a few laws regarding taxation. * * * JUDGE SHAW, however, has de- clared that not only the "local op- tion" clause but the entire act is unconstitutional. Prof. Kauper referred to Sec- tion 303 of the act, which says, that if one part of it is declared invalid, the rest of the act will not be affected. The Supreme Court might de- clare the "local option" clause un- constitutional. It might, at the same time, uphold the rest of the Rent Control Act. LIGHTING NEWS, Equality Comes to Women's Dormitories Lights Go Down The not-so welcome lights at the New Women's Dormitory were dimmed Friday. The brilliant 500 watt bulbs which gave to the residence hall the nick-name "'The Airport" were replaced by bulbs with only a 150 watt rating. BULBS USED in desk lamps are commonly rated at 100 watts. This does not imply that the lights at the women's dorm are still bright enough to read by. A desk lamp is used much closer to the area to be illuminated than is a lamp post. According to a house director at the women's residence hall, the order for the change came about "upon the request of all of us." The director who was annoyed by the bright lights shining in her suite added that things now were "very nice." Francis C. Shiel, Residence Hall Business Manager from whose of- fice the order came was out of town and could not be reached by The Daily. - * BEFORE THE change, the in- tensity of the lights at the dormi- tory made it possible for a Daily cameraman to take a picture there at 12:27 one night without the use of additional illumination. Lights GoUp The welcome inky blackness sur- rounding Martha Cook, Newberry, and Barbour women's dormitories will be eliminated as part of a city wide street lighting program. Henceforth residents of those halls will be in a class with other women's dormitories which were always under the midnight sun. * * * PRESENT PLANS call for the installation of two street lamps di- rectly across from Martha Cook building. Betsy Barbour and Helen Newberry houses will be bathed in a halo of three lamps on State St. and another on Maynard. The lamps will be 200 feet from Newberry's steps and 100 feet from their porch. The plan provides for the in- stallation of 296 new lamps throughout Ann Arbor to brighten up the city's streets. * * * ACCORDING TO the Detroit Edison, the changes were neces- sitated by an increasedin automo- bile traffic combined with the University's restrictions which keep the student body in the cate- gory of pedestrians. So now the citizens of Ann- Ar- bor will be paying $1.472 apiece every year, to shed some light on after dark activities of all kinds. G1eek Play To Be Staged By Students No Admission on Set For 'Trojan Woman' Euripides' "The Trojan Women'' will come to life at 8 p.m. tonight on the steps of the Clements Li- brary. The tragedy, which supplements the Summer Season's program of "The Ancient Civilizations of Greece and Rome," will also be given tomorrow night. * * * BOTH PERFORMANCES will be open to the public at no charge. Director for the unique out- door experiment is Claribel Baird, of the Department of Speech. "'The Trojan Women' was first performed in 415 B.C. from a story of the siege of Troy which even then was ancient history," translator Gilbert Mur- ray said,. "But the pathos of it is as modern to us as it was to the Athenians."' The play is not perfect, Prof. Murray added, but it is merely the crying of one of the great wrongs of the world wrought into music. THE PLAY HAS been called one of the greatest indictments of war in the sweep of world literature. The orchestra, composed of 12 musicians from the School of Music, will be conducted by Ed- ward Troupin. Music, written especially for this production, is by Grant Beglarian, a student in the School of Music. Chorus movement is under the di- rection of Dr. Juana de Laban, associate supervisor in physical ed- ucation at the University. * * * CLARA BEHRINGER will play Hecuba in the Greek tragedy; Dor- othy Gutekunst will be cast as Andromache; Margaret Pell as Casandra; Virginia Doherty as Helen of Troy; John Sargent as Talthybius; Craig Tenney as Men- elaus; Beverly Ketcik as Pallas Athena; Ted Heusel as Poseidon; and James Clarke, a four-year old Ann Arbor boy, will play Andro- mache's son. In case of rain either night, a single performance will be given Saturday night. A coal industry witness testi- fied today that Lewis' three-day week will inevitably cause high- er coal prices. The warning came from Lee G. Gunter, of Knoxville, Tenn., Presi- dentof the Southern Appalachian Coal Operators Association. * * * GUNTER TOLD THE Senate banking committee that the ab- breviated work week, ordered by Lewis on June 30, is raising the cost of coal production at least 50 cents a ton. "The operators must certainly pass at least part of this on to the consumers," he said. Wryly, Gunter observed that "collective bargaining has become collective clubbing" when it comes to dealing with Lewis' United Mine Workers. He said the Union serves "ultimatums" on the operators. THE UNITED Mine Workers re- jected yesterday as "ridiculous" an offer by the northern and western bituminous operators to extend the old agreement to March 21, 1951. This brought about another recess in negotiations until Aug. 11. Similar contract talks with southern coal operators at Blue- field, W.Va., were recessed Tues- day until Aug. 10. Thomas Kennedy, vice-president doing the UMW negotiating, told another conference that the offer is a "ridiculous proposition and does not meet the requirements of the situation in any particular and we reject it." * * * LEWIS DID NOT attend the ne- gotiations which resumed Tuesday after nearly a four-week lapse. Kennedy said the UMW president was "delayed." But observers credited Lewis with depending on his trump card - the three-day work week - to pull out more benefits. They figure his strategy is to drag out nego- tiations while the short week keeps reducing the reserves of mined coal until next winter when he can take the initiative. T7 w orld News Round- Up By The Associated Press WASHINGTON - President Truman acknowledged the right of Congress to pass upon questions dealing with atomic energy in the field of international relations, Secretary of State Acheson told Congress members yesterday. NEW YORK-The CIO steel- workers, the nation's second largest union, agreed today to bring its million members into compliance with the Taft-Hart- ley Act by signing non-Com- munist affidavits. TOKYO - The Army reported today the severe typhoon which hit Okinawa Saturday killed v8 persons. It added 36 Okinawans to the previously announced death of an American girl and a Filipino laborer. WASHINGTON-Secretary of State Acheson declared yester- day there is danger the Chinese Communists may treat as host- ages some 4,000 Americans who have failed to leave the coun- try. In a new appeal for those who can do so to depart, the Secre- tary acknowledged that under existing conditions the United Vote on Aid Bill Delayedl In Senate WASHINGTON - A confused and divided Senate sent the big Foreign Aid Bill back to com- mittee today after a bitter dis- pute over earmarking $2,000,000,- 000 for the purchase of surplus U.S. crops. The unexpected development de- layed action on $3,628,380,000 in current Marshal Plan funds for European Recovery and a num- ber of other overseas aid items, including $900,000,000 for the costs of government and relief in occu- pied areas. THE BILL, carrying a total of $5,797,724,000, has been under de- bate since Monday. Vice-President Barkley, the Senate's presiding officer, said the surprise development should not be interpreted as a denial of aid for Europe. "This was a technical parlia- mentary situation that doesn't-af- fect the merits of the bill," he told reporters. * * * HE SAID HE thinks the bill will pass eventually. Chairman McKellar (Dem., Tenn.) of the Appropriations Committee said the bill might not come up for a vote again before all other appropriation measures have been acted upon. This could mean a delay of sev- eral weeks, in which time the European Cooperation Adminis- tration which administers the recovery program might exhaust its funds. McKellar said emergency funds could be supplied by resolution, but such a move would have to originate in the House. YESTERDAY a decision on the amendment offered by Senator McClellan (Dem., Ark.) to nail down $2,000,000,000 of the money for the purchase of surplus farm crops in this country was expected. Of this, $1,500,000,000 was to come out of the ECA funds and $500,- 000,000 out of the Army's share for expenses in occupied areas. Before this dispute broke out, the Senate had formally approved the 10 per cent cut in ECA funds recommended by the appropria- tions group. The reduction had been all but made yesterday when the Demo- cratic leadership agreed to accept it. It went into the bill tamely and formally by a voice vote. U.S. Military Chiefs To Visit Pact lN#ations WASHINGTON-P)-The "In- dependence," President Truman's own_ plane, will speed the high command of the Army, Navy and Air Force to Europe this week to discuss the creation of a com- bined military staff for the North Atlantic allies. Plans for their flying visit to Frankfurt, London, Paris and Vienna were announced by the national military establishment today. ' * * THE ANNOUNCEMENT said WHAT IS YOUR ATTITUDE toward rooming with: Negro, Jew, Latin American, Oriental, white non-Jew? "A very large majority of the student body expressed them- selves as being willing to participate personally in mixed housing arrangements." ROOM with a Would like to Would be willing to Would rather not Would refuse to LIVING IN THE Would like to Would be willing to Would rather not Would refuse to "Possibly a person Negro Jew 9% 14% 42 66 35 14 13 3 SAME HOUSE: Latin American 24% 58 15 1 Latin American 40 51 7 1 Oriental 14% 55 24 5 Oriental 37 50 9 2 White Non-Jew 52% 40 1 0 White Non-Jew 70 23 0 0 REPORT ON PARIS: French Glad To See Many Negro 30 46 17 6 Jew 33 - 58 6 1 entirely free from prejudice would neither seek out nor avoid a roommate on the basis of race or religion. He would make his decision on entirely different grounds." *** * THOSE WHO WOULD like, or were willing to, room with minor- ity group members were divided up according to residence. "Students living in fraternity and sorority houses are signi- ficantly less willing to do so:" American Tourists Coming By SUSAN SIRIS (Special to The Daily) PARIS-(Delayed)-In Paris you see an American on every street corner, struggling with his "combiens" and elongating his "mercis." You skirt the American Express and the big shiny restaurants designed for tourists, and try to look nonchalant as you stammer our your order to a French waiter. PARISIENS SAY that Americans are money-mad and that time isn't our own, that we buy our beauty and sell our souls. But Parisiens continue to smile their welcome either because the sight of an American spells bread to them or because they want to find out the truth about'he United Staes. See TOURISTS, Page 4 Dormitory League Houses Private Houses Own Home Greek .Groups Same question: Negro 52% 44 59 43 41 live in the Latin White Jew American Oriental Non-Jew 83% 85% 71% (no figure) 80 79 60 - 83 88 73 82 75 68 61 72 54 same house,corridor,4neighborhood: Latin White r HORROR FILM SOCIETY FORMED: New Campus Group To Raise Dead, Feature Bats Negro Dormitory 81 League Houses 74 Private Houses 78 Own Homt 75 Greek Groups 61 "It should be remembered Jew 92 93 89 97 76 that for American 93 95 88 95 82 Greek grou Oriental Non-Jew 89 86 63 95 73 up members, living Horror Movies will gain new heights of respectability tomor- row. Students and faculty will meet at 7 p.m., in the Rackham East Lecture Rm. to organize a pro- through the Museum of Modern Arts, New York. * * * ACTING committee members for the proposed group are: Wil- liam Hampton, instructor, Prof. in the same house with minority group members might imply a greater amount of social contact than would be implied for dormitory w.:a W . W~... 1* ~ -~ Pi :U's A