WHITHER
CIVIL RIGHTSj
See Page 2
dlw uyu
)u3 itlj
FAIR
NO CHANGE
LatestDeadline in theState
VOL. LVHI, No. 194 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN WEDNESDAY, JULY 28, 1948
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Hershey Says
25 Year Olds
, First in Draft
Will Take 70,000
In First Six Months
(By The Associated Press)
WASHINGITON, July 27-Se-
lective Service director Lewis B.
Hershey said today men will be
drafted by age groups, with men
25 down through 22 taken first in
the initial six months of the pro-
gram.
It was indicated clearly that al-
though men of this age bracket
would be drafted first, the bulk of
draftees would come eventually
from the 19 through 21 age groups.
Facts and Figures
Hershey said approximately 5,-
000,000 men 22 through 25 would
be processed during the first six
months, but only about 70,000 ac-
tually would be subject to the
peacetime service of 21 months.
And he said he believes that no
more than 8,000 would come from
the 25-year-old group, first to be
drafted.
The Army expects to take
around 225,000 men in the first
year. Later, the total will be up
around 900,000.
Army Say So
It is up to the Army to say
when it needs men, and how
many. The Draft Service then will
provide them. Hershey said to-
day if the Army asks for as many
as 30,000 in its first call, the draft
may have to dip down into the
23-year-olds right at the start.
Later the Army plans to take
about that many each month.
Hershey said today that de-
ferments will be liberal, but added
that Selective Service has not yet
written regulations governing
them.
Date Undecided
The date for beginning of the
draft has not been set, either, but
Hershey said last week it probably
will be shortly after October 1.
Registration of all men 18
through 25 begins August 30 and
continues through Sept. 18. This
will bey done ,by age group, too,
with men of 25 signing up first',
men 24 next, and so on.
The draft head stressed that all
men must register, including vet-
erans, unless they are on active
duty in the armed services.
Hershey's decision to draft men
by age group was announced to-
day after he held an hour-long
unofficial conference with mem-
bers of the House and Senate
Armed Services Committees which
worked up the draft law.
Baird To Have
Lead in Play
Will Be Supported
By Kleckner, Bond
Prof. Claribel Baird, of the
speech department, will play the
lead role in "I Remember Mama,"
which opens a three-day run on
campus Thursday.
Playing opposite her in the John
Van Druten folk drama will be
Don Kleckner as the father of
the Norwegian-American family.
They will be supported by Lillian
Bond as Katrin, daughter of the
family and narrator of the play
and John Sargent as Uncle Chris.
Phyllis Fletcher will appear as
Dagmar, Peg Mongeau as Chris-
tine, Earl Matthews as Nels, Jane
Linsemayer as Aunt Trina, Ann B.
Davis as Aunt Sigrid, Ruth Living-
ston as Aunt Jenny and Willard
C. Booth as Mrs. Torkelson.
Other members of the cast in-
clude: John Cottrell, Richard
Sultzbach, Veryle Kinse, Ann Hus-
selman, Beverly Ketcik and Mar-
garet Paton.
Also appearing in the nostalgic
drama will be: Ronald Muchnick,
Sherwood Corry, Ruth Arrington,
Mary Alice Read, Helen Garling-
ton and Stan Challis.
Performances of the speech de-
artment production will be given
8 p.m. Thursday through Satur-
day in Lydia Mendelssohn The-
atre, A matinee presentation is
scheduled for 2:30 p.m. Saturday.
* *
Network to Carry
U' Operatic Bill
"Down in the Valley," a new
opera by Kurt Weill, will be broad-
cast over the NBC network from
Air Force Shows Might
In Germany with Jets
Soviet Air Strength Near Berlin Increased;
Possibility of Two Police Forces Grows
By The Associated Press
BERLIN, July 27-The United States Air Force demonstrated its
growing air strength to Germans in the American zone today by
flying jet fighters over several cities.
The German press reported at the same time that the Russians
were substantially increasing the force of fighter planes, including
jets, in the Soviet zone of Germany surrounding Berlin.
The three Western commander in Berlin talked at length on how
to combat the Russian drive to turn the city's police force over to the
Communists. By seeking to override the city government's authority
to fire the Russian-appointed police chief, the Communists faced
Berliners with the prospect of two
GOP
Answers 'No'
To Bills, Powers
Asked by
Truman
police forces and two police chiefs.
Police Crisis
The American, British and
French commanders, Col. Frank
Howley, Maj. Gen. E. 0. Herbert
and Brig. Gen. Jean Ganeva, met
for more than three hours and dis-
patched a letter on the police crisis
to Berlin's mayor, Frau Louise
Schroder. The commanders would
not say what was in the note.
American and British cargo
planes, meanwhile, flew new rec-
FORT KNOX, Ky., July 27 (P)
-The Army's Chief of Staff,
Gen. Omar Bradley, said here
today our occupation forces in
Germany will not be strength-
ened as a result of recent devel-
opments in Berlin.
ord tonnages to Western Berlin
despite posting of new Russian
warnings of maneuvers by their
fighters in air corridors traveled
by the transports.
Defies Order
Police Chief Paul Markgraf,
Moscow-trained German war hero,
defied the anti-Communist city
government's order dismissing
him. He said he would not only
remain in office with the Soviet
army to back him but would carry
out Russian orders to fire Socialist
Johannes Stumm. Stumm is the
deputy who had been appointed
his successor.
* * *
Smith To Give
Western Plans
To Moscow
BERLIN, July 27 - (A) - U. S.
ambassador Water Bedell Smith
arrived here tonight for a stop-
over on his way from London,
headed back to his Moscow post
with the Western powers' pro-
posals for settling the German
crisis with Russia.
A responsible British source said
Smith and British and French
diplomats in Moscow would seek
personal interviews with Soviet
Foreign Minister V. M. Molotov in
an attempt to break the Berlin
deadlock.
Decline Comment
Top American officials declined
all comment on details of the
rapid -fire three-power conference
that has been held here the last
two days. They said only that the
three powers finally had thrashed
out an agreement on how to meet
what they regard as Russia's grav-
est challenge in the troubled post-
war period.
Postpones Speech
Foreign Secretary Bevin, who
had planned a statement of Brit-
ain's view of the German crisis to
the House of Commons on Wed-
nesday, postponed his speech un-
til Thursday. This was regarded
by most observers as indicating
the three Western power diplo-
mats expected to meet Molotov be-
fore that time.
UN Blocks Bid
For Trial of
Palestine Case
U.S. Leads Opposition
To SyrianProposal
(By The Associated Press)
LAKE SUCCESS, July 27-The
Security Council refused today to
approve a Syrian move to toss
the Palestine problem before the
International Court of Justice.
The vote on Syria's proposal was
six to one, with four abstentions.
A majority of seven votes, includ-
ing all of the big five, was re-
quired to pass it.
Vote and Abstain
Britain, China, Syria, Belgium,
Argentina and Colombia voted
for the Arab proposal; the Soviet
Ukraine stood alone against it,
and the United States, France,
Canada and Russia abstained.
Dr. Philip C. Jessup, United
States deputy, and Jakob A. Malik,
Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister,
led the opposition to the Syrian
proposal.
U.S. View
Jessup told the Council that the
U.S. feared reference to the Court
would complicate the task of the
United Nations mediator in Pal-
estine.
He was backed by the Canadian
delegate, Gen. A. G. L. McNaugh-
ton
Malik said the General Assembly
already had decided the case
of Palestine; there was no need
to refer it to the court. He accused
Syria of trying to scuttle the UN
Palestine partition decision.
Arab Pledge
Faris El Khouri, Syrian dele-
gate, opened the debate this morn-
ing with a pledge that the Arabs
would abide by any decision of the
international court of Palestine.
He said the Arabs wanted justice
in the Palestine case.
Open Registration
At Willow Village
Willow Villagers cesiring to
register for the primary and gen-
eral elections in the fall will have
an opportunity to do so from their
own doorsteps, Friday and Satur-
day.
Lillian M. Sheppard, Ypsilanti
Township clark and Emil Lidke,
Superior Township clerk will have
representatives at the village for
registration at the University
Community Center and the North
Community Center Lounge re-
spectively from 1 to 5 p.m. and 6
to 8 p.m. both days.
Clark Street is the township
line through the Village. All north
of the line are in Superior Town-
ship.
Registration is required of all
new voters, those who have
changed their addresses since last
registering and voters who have
not cast a ballot since November,
1946.
President Appeals for Quick Action:
Extra Session May Quit in 14 Days
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, July 27-The Republicans said "no" tonight to
President Truman's demand for price controls and other powers t
halt rising prices.
They announced plans to wind up the special session of Congress
called by the President, "as soon as possible." Many members said that
meant within two weeks.
They said in a statement approved by Senate and House
leaders that "it would take at least six months" to give full
consideration to Mr. Truman's 11-point program.
And they apparently decided to rule out any major legislatior
along the lines asked by Mr. Truman in a personal appearance before
a joint session this afternoon. v
The President had called for
swift enactment of the Taft-Ellen- M ineExplosio
der-Wagner Housing Bill and an
eight-point program to halt rising
prices. His chief recommendations:
some price controls now, limited
rationing and wage-control in re- In Princeton'
serve, a new excess profits tax.
Then the President plunged into
the nine other questions he wants No Cause Found Yet
acted on. These, too, he ticked off * -
d
IT MAY EMPTY AS FAST-Senators and Representatives begin taking their seats to hearf Pres-
ident Truman's message to the special session of Congress yesterday, but latest comment from
Republican leaders indicates that the Congressmen will adjourn from the chambers "as soon as
possible." Many members said the extra session would wind up within two weeks.
REPORT TO THE DAILY:
ThirdParty Officially Backs Wallace
U*
(EDITOR'S NOTE: Inasmuch as
The Daily was unable to send a staff
correspondent to the Progressive
Party convention, we are printing a
story by the chairman of the Wallace
Progressives who attended the con-
vention last week).
By JAMES TERRELL
The candidacy of Henry A.
Wallace for the Presidency is now
official with the conclusion of the
founding convention of his new
Progressive Party.
Although the press emphasized
the Progressive foreign policy de-
mands, equal stress was placed at
the convention on such vital do-
mestic issues as the rights of la-
bor, civil liberties, elimination of
racism and a program to erase the
"economic sores of our society."
Certain aspects of the conven-
tion deserve especial attention.
Most conspicuous was the active
participation in the convention of
youthful delegates as contrasted
with the Republican and Demo-
cratic conventions.
Second, minority groups were
very much in evidence. Despite the
fact that Negroes constitute ap-
proximately ten per cent of the
population, no political convention
heretofore has given Negroes a
voice in policy making commen-
surate with their numbers.
Third, there was an overwhelm-
ing representation of Labor, al-
SL To Request Campus Rally
Of All_2nd District Candidates
The Student Legislature yester-
day announced that it would carry
the political football with a cam-
pus rally of all Second Congres-
sional District candidates as its
goal.
SL will request that "as a repre-
sentative of the University stu-
dent body," the Student Legisla-
ture be granted authority by the
University Board of Regents to
sponsor an open campus-wide
meeting with representatives of
all political parties having an op-
portunity to be presented at the
same time.
As an alternative, according to
Marshall Lewis, chairman of the
SL speakers' bureau, the group
will request permission to sponsor
a series of programs on which all
World News
At a Glance
(By The Associated Press)
PARIS, July 27-Premier Andre
Marie's new cabinet successfully
passed its first test in the National
Assembly today.
The Assembly voted 330 to 191
against a Communist motion for a
full debate on the new govern-
ment's general policy. Premier
Marie opposed the motion, urging
the deputies to postpone discus
sion so the government could get
to work "on the grave problems"
facing France.
* ~* *
ROME, July 27-New strikes
threatened the Italian economy
tonight as eleventh-hour peace-
makers strove to avert the
break-up of the Italian Gen-
eral Confederation of Labor.
* * *
HONG KONG, Wednesday, July
28-A typhoon swept through this
British colony last night killing
two persons and injuring nine
others.
* * *
political groups would have an op-
portunity to be equally represent-
ed.
Action by the Regents could not
come before Sept. 24-the next
posted meeting of the Board.
(At present, such a meeting is
not allowed under Regents' rul-
ings, Dean Walter B. Rea indicat-
ed to Thomas C. Walsh, leader of
the supporters of Prof. Preston W.
Slosson, one of six candidates
running for the second district
post. Walsh earlier supported a
rally plan similar to the action
now being contemplated by SL.)
Lewis indicated that the pro-
posed meeting would be open to
members of all political parties
and did not represent SL support
of the Slosson campaign.
"The political rally represents a
significant part of the student's
education," Lewis told The Daily.
"The Regents have the choice
of either accepting the student
viewpoint that rallies are neces-
sary or admitting the administra-
tive viewpoint of assuming the re-
sponsibility of a state-operated in-
stitution to commit itself politi-
cally," Lewis commented.
He said he hoped the Regents
could find a "middle group" be-
tween the opposing viewpoints.
Find New Planet
MT. HAMILTON, Calif., July 27
(,4)-A new minor planet, travel-
ing unusually close to the earth,
has been reported by a University
of California astronamer.
C. A. Wirtanen, who made the
discovery, said today it is the sixth
minor planet found within the or-
bit of the earth.
though top labor leaders of the
AFL and CIO remained absent.
Numbered among the delegates
were rank and file union workers
from the steel, meat packers, auto
and electrical industries.
It is worth noting that thus far
forty-four states will have the
Progressive Party on their ballots
this year-quite a victory for a
party slightly over half a year in
the making.
Students and veterans were
present in large numbers to make
their contributions to the work of
this convention.
Impressive Roster
An impressive roster of indivi-
duals who have won nationwide
recognition of their abilities in
various fields were on hand in-
cluding Elmer Benson, Rexford
Tugwell, Paul Robeson, Lillian
Hellman, and Olin Downes.
The resounding demands for
peace, for freedom, for abundance
demonstrated the unanimity of
the group on these basic items,
There can be no doubts as to
whether a new major party has
come on the American scene.
In short, as keynoter Charles P.
Howard put it, "The people have
come to the convention!" This was
indeed a people's convention in
the most inclusive sense of the
term.
Young Progressives
"The Young Progressives are
here to stay!" Thus did Paul Robe-
son touch off an enthusiastic
gathering of over 1,800 delegates
and observers to the founding con-
vention of the Young Progressives
of America held in Philadelphia
July 25 and 26. And if anyone
doubted that the delegates to that
convention were actually cam-
paigning for a victory in '48 (in-
stead of '52 as rumors generally
See PROGRESSIVE, Page 4
Workshop To Hold
Education Panel
The second half of the Work-
shop for School Board members
will start off today with a panel
discussion on educational organi-
zations and relationships.,
The workshop will discuss the
responsibilities of school board
members in Michigan communi-
ties.
Professor emeritus John L.
Brumm, former chairman of the
department, will speak at a work-
shop luncheon in the Union to-
day. His topic will be "Chasing
Your Hat." At the closing session
this afternoon, John A. Haien,
Chrysler organization executive,
will discuss "Democracy and Edu-
cation."
in rapid order:
1-Help for the states to pay
mounting school costs.
2-Raising the present "inade-
quate" minimum wage of 40 cents
an hour to 75 cents.
3-Increasing by at least 50 per
cent the Social Security benefits
under the Old-Age and Survivors'
Insurance System.
4-Amending the Displaced Per-
sons Act to remove what he called
Republican leaders of the
Senate and the House will take
to the air tomorrow night to
answer President Truman's
message today to an extra
session of Congress.
Aides of House Majority Lead-
er Halleck of Indiana said Hal-
leck and Senator Taft of Ohio,
chairman of the Senate GOP
Policy Committee, will discuss
the message over an NBC hook-
up Wednesday from 6:30 to 7:00
p.m. (EST).
discrimination on grounds of re-
ligion, land of origin or occupa-
tion.
5-A loan to the United Nations
for building UN headquarters in
New York.
6-Ratification of the Interna-
tional Wheat Agreement.
7-More money for a TVA steam
plant at New Johnsonville, Tenn.,
and other projects.
8-"More equitable and realistic
Federal pay legislation."
9-Enactment of the President's
Civil Rights Program.
The Republicans, who control
Congress, gave their answer in
a chorus of scoffing which
reached a climax with a state-
ment tonight by GOP leaders of
both houses.
They blasted the calling of a
special session as a "political
maneuver" by Mr. Truman "in
the campaign for his own re-
election."
Then they announced what they
would do: Take up in the Senate,
probably on Thursday, an Anti-
Poll Tax Bill which Southern
Democrats are pledged to fight to
a finish.
During the GOP huddling that
preceded the statement of inten-
tions, Senator Robertson (Rep.,
Wyo.) said Gov. Thomas E. Dewey
had advised Congress to "stay
around a week or so and then go
home."
Also asked for comment, James
C. Hagerty, press secretary to the
Presidential nominee, said at Paw-
ling, N.Y.:
"The Governor feels that 'the
Congress should stay in Wash-
ington and give careful considera-
tion to whatever was proposed in
the President's message."
The filibuster quite possibly may
begin tomorrow, with a series of
time-consuming motions to
"amend" and "correct" the offi-
cial journal of today's proceedings.
This process could be stretched out
for weeks.
For Indiana Blast
PRINCETON, Ind., July 27-(/P)
-Thirteen miners were killed in
an explosion today at Kings' Mine,
three miles south of Princeton.
Four others were injured, two of
them critically.
The blast occurred at 1:55 p.m.
(CST). Three hours later, mine
officials said no worker's re-
mained unaccounted for and they
believed the list was complete.
Cause of the explosion was not
determined. Officials said it in-
volved only one loading unit, no
more than a score of men.
Workers In Mine
Officials said there were 176
workers in the mine at the time.
They said the rest of the workers
were not endangered. The blast
caused only a small fire, which
was soon extinguished.
The bodies were brought to tae
Princeton Armory. Lt. Murel
Jones 'of the National Guard said
a large crowd gathered, but no one
was admitted.
Shaft Mine
King's is one of the largest shaft
mines in Indiana, employing 525
men in three shifts.
A number of workers in other
parts of the mine came to the sur-
face, but some returned below to
aid in rescue work. Miners came
from other nearby pits to help.
The U. S. Bureau of Mines office
at Vincennes, Ind., 35 miles north,
sent a rescue crew.
Ambulances from Princeton and
Evansville brought the dead and
injured to the Armory and the
hospital here. The sheriff's office
at Evansville, 25 miles south, sent
deputies to help Gibson County
authorities.
Operation Resumed
The mine had reopened today
after being closed several days be-
cause of water seepage. It had
been inspected Sunday by state'
mine inspectors.
The explosion occurred at the
lowest level, 433 feet down, and
three miles east of the tipple.
The mine was shaken last No-
vember by a series of explosions
heard miles away. Two miners
were injured, and fire which- fol-
lowed the blasts caused damage so
extensive the mine was closed
more than two months.
Rural Schools
To Get Prints
Michigan schools with teachers
enrolled in the University Summer
Session will get first choice Sept. 1,
when more than 100 reproduc-
tions of great paintings are loaned
to rural schools.
Education students will have a
chance today to decide on Rem-
brandts' and Da Vincis' they will
want for thir classrooms or au-
ditorium in the fall.
A special preview of the paint-
ings will be held at 4 p.m., at the
University Museum of Art, Alum-
ni Memorial Hall, under the guid-
ance of Prof. Jean P. Slusser, di-
:ector of the Museum.
The exhibit will remain on dis-
play until late in August when the
University Audio-Visual Educa-
tion Center will undertake the ac-
EUROPEAN RECOVERY:
Economic Distress Breeds
Political Insecurity--mi-Knapp
I
If Europe had been allowed to
lapse into economic distress and
chaos, the consequence would have
been political insecurity, according
to J. Burke Knapp, of the Depart-
ment of State.
"The United States has a great
stake in the restoration of a
healthy European economy," he
said last night, discussing "Fi-
nancing the Supply of Europe," in
the University Summer Lecture
Series on "The Economic Recon-
struction of Europe."
Politio~cal stailityuin TEurope. andt
recovery, which would give an im-
mense stimulus to trade and com-
merce around the globe," he ex-
plained.
"The Marshall Plan was inspired
in part too by simple humanitar-
ian considerations. However, it is
not just a charitable or relief pro-
gram. It is a constructive invest-
ment in European recovery and a
concrete expression of American
self-interest," Knapp commented.
The task of ERP is to restore
the productive capacity of Europe
WORLD-WIDE PEN PALS:
Global Correspondents Listed by SL
University students now have an
opportunity to write words that
Antifascist Committee of Soviet
Youth, in Moscow, is handling re-
send their names, addresses, gen-
eral interests, age and sex to Mar-