WHITHER CIVIL RIGHTSj See Page 2 dlw uyu )u3 itlj FAIR NO CHANGE LatestDeadline in theState VOL. LVHI, No. 194 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN WEDNESDAY, JULY 28, 1948 PRICE FIVE CENTS Hershey Says 25 Year Olds , First in Draft Will Take 70,000 In First Six Months (By The Associated Press) WASHINGITON, July 27-Se- lective Service director Lewis B. Hershey said today men will be drafted by age groups, with men 25 down through 22 taken first in the initial six months of the pro- gram. It was indicated clearly that al- though men of this age bracket would be drafted first, the bulk of draftees would come eventually from the 19 through 21 age groups. Facts and Figures Hershey said approximately 5,- 000,000 men 22 through 25 would be processed during the first six months, but only about 70,000 ac- tually would be subject to the peacetime service of 21 months. And he said he believes that no more than 8,000 would come from the 25-year-old group, first to be drafted. The Army expects to take around 225,000 men in the first year. Later, the total will be up around 900,000. Army Say So It is up to the Army to say when it needs men, and how many. The Draft Service then will provide them. Hershey said to- day if the Army asks for as many as 30,000 in its first call, the draft may have to dip down into the 23-year-olds right at the start. Later the Army plans to take about that many each month. Hershey said today that de- ferments will be liberal, but added that Selective Service has not yet written regulations governing them. Date Undecided The date for beginning of the draft has not been set, either, but Hershey said last week it probably will be shortly after October 1. Registration of all men 18 through 25 begins August 30 and continues through Sept. 18. This will bey done ,by age group, too, with men of 25 signing up first', men 24 next, and so on. The draft head stressed that all men must register, including vet- erans, unless they are on active duty in the armed services. Hershey's decision to draft men by age group was announced to- day after he held an hour-long unofficial conference with mem- bers of the House and Senate Armed Services Committees which worked up the draft law. Baird To Have Lead in Play Will Be Supported By Kleckner, Bond Prof. Claribel Baird, of the speech department, will play the lead role in "I Remember Mama," which opens a three-day run on campus Thursday. Playing opposite her in the John Van Druten folk drama will be Don Kleckner as the father of the Norwegian-American family. They will be supported by Lillian Bond as Katrin, daughter of the family and narrator of the play and John Sargent as Uncle Chris. Phyllis Fletcher will appear as Dagmar, Peg Mongeau as Chris- tine, Earl Matthews as Nels, Jane Linsemayer as Aunt Trina, Ann B. Davis as Aunt Sigrid, Ruth Living- ston as Aunt Jenny and Willard C. Booth as Mrs. Torkelson. Other members of the cast in- clude: John Cottrell, Richard Sultzbach, Veryle Kinse, Ann Hus- selman, Beverly Ketcik and Mar- garet Paton. Also appearing in the nostalgic drama will be: Ronald Muchnick, Sherwood Corry, Ruth Arrington, Mary Alice Read, Helen Garling- ton and Stan Challis. Performances of the speech de- artment production will be given 8 p.m. Thursday through Satur- day in Lydia Mendelssohn The- atre, A matinee presentation is scheduled for 2:30 p.m. Saturday. * * Network to Carry U' Operatic Bill "Down in the Valley," a new opera by Kurt Weill, will be broad- cast over the NBC network from Air Force Shows Might In Germany with Jets Soviet Air Strength Near Berlin Increased; Possibility of Two Police Forces Grows By The Associated Press BERLIN, July 27-The United States Air Force demonstrated its growing air strength to Germans in the American zone today by flying jet fighters over several cities. The German press reported at the same time that the Russians were substantially increasing the force of fighter planes, including jets, in the Soviet zone of Germany surrounding Berlin. The three Western commander in Berlin talked at length on how to combat the Russian drive to turn the city's police force over to the Communists. By seeking to override the city government's authority to fire the Russian-appointed police chief, the Communists faced Berliners with the prospect of two GOP Answers 'No' To Bills, Powers Asked by Truman police forces and two police chiefs. Police Crisis The American, British and French commanders, Col. Frank Howley, Maj. Gen. E. 0. Herbert and Brig. Gen. Jean Ganeva, met for more than three hours and dis- patched a letter on the police crisis to Berlin's mayor, Frau Louise Schroder. The commanders would not say what was in the note. American and British cargo planes, meanwhile, flew new rec- FORT KNOX, Ky., July 27 (P) -The Army's Chief of Staff, Gen. Omar Bradley, said here today our occupation forces in Germany will not be strength- ened as a result of recent devel- opments in Berlin. ord tonnages to Western Berlin despite posting of new Russian warnings of maneuvers by their fighters in air corridors traveled by the transports. Defies Order Police Chief Paul Markgraf, Moscow-trained German war hero, defied the anti-Communist city government's order dismissing him. He said he would not only remain in office with the Soviet army to back him but would carry out Russian orders to fire Socialist Johannes Stumm. Stumm is the deputy who had been appointed his successor. * * * Smith To Give Western Plans To Moscow BERLIN, July 27 - (A) - U. S. ambassador Water Bedell Smith arrived here tonight for a stop- over on his way from London, headed back to his Moscow post with the Western powers' pro- posals for settling the German crisis with Russia. A responsible British source said Smith and British and French diplomats in Moscow would seek personal interviews with Soviet Foreign Minister V. M. Molotov in an attempt to break the Berlin deadlock. Decline Comment Top American officials declined all comment on details of the rapid -fire three-power conference that has been held here the last two days. They said only that the three powers finally had thrashed out an agreement on how to meet what they regard as Russia's grav- est challenge in the troubled post- war period. Postpones Speech Foreign Secretary Bevin, who had planned a statement of Brit- ain's view of the German crisis to the House of Commons on Wed- nesday, postponed his speech un- til Thursday. This was regarded by most observers as indicating the three Western power diplo- mats expected to meet Molotov be- fore that time. UN Blocks Bid For Trial of Palestine Case U.S. Leads Opposition To SyrianProposal (By The Associated Press) LAKE SUCCESS, July 27-The Security Council refused today to approve a Syrian move to toss the Palestine problem before the International Court of Justice. The vote on Syria's proposal was six to one, with four abstentions. A majority of seven votes, includ- ing all of the big five, was re- quired to pass it. Vote and Abstain Britain, China, Syria, Belgium, Argentina and Colombia voted for the Arab proposal; the Soviet Ukraine stood alone against it, and the United States, France, Canada and Russia abstained. Dr. Philip C. Jessup, United States deputy, and Jakob A. Malik, Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister, led the opposition to the Syrian proposal. U.S. View Jessup told the Council that the U.S. feared reference to the Court would complicate the task of the United Nations mediator in Pal- estine. He was backed by the Canadian delegate, Gen. A. G. L. McNaugh- ton Malik said the General Assembly already had decided the case of Palestine; there was no need to refer it to the court. He accused Syria of trying to scuttle the UN Palestine partition decision. Arab Pledge Faris El Khouri, Syrian dele- gate, opened the debate this morn- ing with a pledge that the Arabs would abide by any decision of the international court of Palestine. He said the Arabs wanted justice in the Palestine case. Open Registration At Willow Village Willow Villagers cesiring to register for the primary and gen- eral elections in the fall will have an opportunity to do so from their own doorsteps, Friday and Satur- day. Lillian M. Sheppard, Ypsilanti Township clark and Emil Lidke, Superior Township clerk will have representatives at the village for registration at the University Community Center and the North Community Center Lounge re- spectively from 1 to 5 p.m. and 6 to 8 p.m. both days. Clark Street is the township line through the Village. All north of the line are in Superior Town- ship. Registration is required of all new voters, those who have changed their addresses since last registering and voters who have not cast a ballot since November, 1946. President Appeals for Quick Action: Extra Session May Quit in 14 Days By The Associated Press WASHINGTON, July 27-The Republicans said "no" tonight to President Truman's demand for price controls and other powers t halt rising prices. They announced plans to wind up the special session of Congress called by the President, "as soon as possible." Many members said that meant within two weeks. They said in a statement approved by Senate and House leaders that "it would take at least six months" to give full consideration to Mr. Truman's 11-point program. And they apparently decided to rule out any major legislatior along the lines asked by Mr. Truman in a personal appearance before a joint session this afternoon. v The President had called for swift enactment of the Taft-Ellen- M ineExplosio der-Wagner Housing Bill and an eight-point program to halt rising prices. His chief recommendations: some price controls now, limited rationing and wage-control in re- In Princeton' serve, a new excess profits tax. Then the President plunged into the nine other questions he wants No Cause Found Yet acted on. These, too, he ticked off * - d IT MAY EMPTY AS FAST-Senators and Representatives begin taking their seats to hearf Pres- ident Truman's message to the special session of Congress yesterday, but latest comment from Republican leaders indicates that the Congressmen will adjourn from the chambers "as soon as possible." Many members said the extra session would wind up within two weeks. REPORT TO THE DAILY: ThirdParty Officially Backs Wallace U* (EDITOR'S NOTE: Inasmuch as The Daily was unable to send a staff correspondent to the Progressive Party convention, we are printing a story by the chairman of the Wallace Progressives who attended the con- vention last week). By JAMES TERRELL The candidacy of Henry A. Wallace for the Presidency is now official with the conclusion of the founding convention of his new Progressive Party. Although the press emphasized the Progressive foreign policy de- mands, equal stress was placed at the convention on such vital do- mestic issues as the rights of la- bor, civil liberties, elimination of racism and a program to erase the "economic sores of our society." Certain aspects of the conven- tion deserve especial attention. Most conspicuous was the active participation in the convention of youthful delegates as contrasted with the Republican and Demo- cratic conventions. Second, minority groups were very much in evidence. Despite the fact that Negroes constitute ap- proximately ten per cent of the population, no political convention heretofore has given Negroes a voice in policy making commen- surate with their numbers. Third, there was an overwhelm- ing representation of Labor, al- SL To Request Campus Rally Of All_2nd District Candidates The Student Legislature yester- day announced that it would carry the political football with a cam- pus rally of all Second Congres- sional District candidates as its goal. SL will request that "as a repre- sentative of the University stu- dent body," the Student Legisla- ture be granted authority by the University Board of Regents to sponsor an open campus-wide meeting with representatives of all political parties having an op- portunity to be presented at the same time. As an alternative, according to Marshall Lewis, chairman of the SL speakers' bureau, the group will request permission to sponsor a series of programs on which all World News At a Glance (By The Associated Press) PARIS, July 27-Premier Andre Marie's new cabinet successfully passed its first test in the National Assembly today. The Assembly voted 330 to 191 against a Communist motion for a full debate on the new govern- ment's general policy. Premier Marie opposed the motion, urging the deputies to postpone discus sion so the government could get to work "on the grave problems" facing France. * ~* * ROME, July 27-New strikes threatened the Italian economy tonight as eleventh-hour peace- makers strove to avert the break-up of the Italian Gen- eral Confederation of Labor. * * * HONG KONG, Wednesday, July 28-A typhoon swept through this British colony last night killing two persons and injuring nine others. * * * political groups would have an op- portunity to be equally represent- ed. Action by the Regents could not come before Sept. 24-the next posted meeting of the Board. (At present, such a meeting is not allowed under Regents' rul- ings, Dean Walter B. Rea indicat- ed to Thomas C. Walsh, leader of the supporters of Prof. Preston W. Slosson, one of six candidates running for the second district post. Walsh earlier supported a rally plan similar to the action now being contemplated by SL.) Lewis indicated that the pro- posed meeting would be open to members of all political parties and did not represent SL support of the Slosson campaign. "The political rally represents a significant part of the student's education," Lewis told The Daily. "The Regents have the choice of either accepting the student viewpoint that rallies are neces- sary or admitting the administra- tive viewpoint of assuming the re- sponsibility of a state-operated in- stitution to commit itself politi- cally," Lewis commented. He said he hoped the Regents could find a "middle group" be- tween the opposing viewpoints. Find New Planet MT. HAMILTON, Calif., July 27 (,4)-A new minor planet, travel- ing unusually close to the earth, has been reported by a University of California astronamer. C. A. Wirtanen, who made the discovery, said today it is the sixth minor planet found within the or- bit of the earth. though top labor leaders of the AFL and CIO remained absent. Numbered among the delegates were rank and file union workers from the steel, meat packers, auto and electrical industries. It is worth noting that thus far forty-four states will have the Progressive Party on their ballots this year-quite a victory for a party slightly over half a year in the making. Students and veterans were present in large numbers to make their contributions to the work of this convention. Impressive Roster An impressive roster of indivi- duals who have won nationwide recognition of their abilities in various fields were on hand in- cluding Elmer Benson, Rexford Tugwell, Paul Robeson, Lillian Hellman, and Olin Downes. The resounding demands for peace, for freedom, for abundance demonstrated the unanimity of the group on these basic items, There can be no doubts as to whether a new major party has come on the American scene. In short, as keynoter Charles P. Howard put it, "The people have come to the convention!" This was indeed a people's convention in the most inclusive sense of the term. Young Progressives "The Young Progressives are here to stay!" Thus did Paul Robe- son touch off an enthusiastic gathering of over 1,800 delegates and observers to the founding con- vention of the Young Progressives of America held in Philadelphia July 25 and 26. And if anyone doubted that the delegates to that convention were actually cam- paigning for a victory in '48 (in- stead of '52 as rumors generally See PROGRESSIVE, Page 4 Workshop To Hold Education Panel The second half of the Work- shop for School Board members will start off today with a panel discussion on educational organi- zations and relationships., The workshop will discuss the responsibilities of school board members in Michigan communi- ties. Professor emeritus John L. Brumm, former chairman of the department, will speak at a work- shop luncheon in the Union to- day. His topic will be "Chasing Your Hat." At the closing session this afternoon, John A. Haien, Chrysler organization executive, will discuss "Democracy and Edu- cation." in rapid order: 1-Help for the states to pay mounting school costs. 2-Raising the present "inade- quate" minimum wage of 40 cents an hour to 75 cents. 3-Increasing by at least 50 per cent the Social Security benefits under the Old-Age and Survivors' Insurance System. 4-Amending the Displaced Per- sons Act to remove what he called Republican leaders of the Senate and the House will take to the air tomorrow night to answer President Truman's message today to an extra session of Congress. Aides of House Majority Lead- er Halleck of Indiana said Hal- leck and Senator Taft of Ohio, chairman of the Senate GOP Policy Committee, will discuss the message over an NBC hook- up Wednesday from 6:30 to 7:00 p.m. (EST). discrimination on grounds of re- ligion, land of origin or occupa- tion. 5-A loan to the United Nations for building UN headquarters in New York. 6-Ratification of the Interna- tional Wheat Agreement. 7-More money for a TVA steam plant at New Johnsonville, Tenn., and other projects. 8-"More equitable and realistic Federal pay legislation." 9-Enactment of the President's Civil Rights Program. The Republicans, who control Congress, gave their answer in a chorus of scoffing which reached a climax with a state- ment tonight by GOP leaders of both houses. They blasted the calling of a special session as a "political maneuver" by Mr. Truman "in the campaign for his own re- election." Then they announced what they would do: Take up in the Senate, probably on Thursday, an Anti- Poll Tax Bill which Southern Democrats are pledged to fight to a finish. During the GOP huddling that preceded the statement of inten- tions, Senator Robertson (Rep., Wyo.) said Gov. Thomas E. Dewey had advised Congress to "stay around a week or so and then go home." Also asked for comment, James C. Hagerty, press secretary to the Presidential nominee, said at Paw- ling, N.Y.: "The Governor feels that 'the Congress should stay in Wash- ington and give careful considera- tion to whatever was proposed in the President's message." The filibuster quite possibly may begin tomorrow, with a series of time-consuming motions to "amend" and "correct" the offi- cial journal of today's proceedings. This process could be stretched out for weeks. For Indiana Blast PRINCETON, Ind., July 27-(/P) -Thirteen miners were killed in an explosion today at Kings' Mine, three miles south of Princeton. Four others were injured, two of them critically. The blast occurred at 1:55 p.m. (CST). Three hours later, mine officials said no worker's re- mained unaccounted for and they believed the list was complete. Cause of the explosion was not determined. Officials said it in- volved only one loading unit, no more than a score of men. Workers In Mine Officials said there were 176 workers in the mine at the time. They said the rest of the workers were not endangered. The blast caused only a small fire, which was soon extinguished. The bodies were brought to tae Princeton Armory. Lt. Murel Jones 'of the National Guard said a large crowd gathered, but no one was admitted. Shaft Mine King's is one of the largest shaft mines in Indiana, employing 525 men in three shifts. A number of workers in other parts of the mine came to the sur- face, but some returned below to aid in rescue work. Miners came from other nearby pits to help. The U. S. Bureau of Mines office at Vincennes, Ind., 35 miles north, sent a rescue crew. Ambulances from Princeton and Evansville brought the dead and injured to the Armory and the hospital here. The sheriff's office at Evansville, 25 miles south, sent deputies to help Gibson County authorities. Operation Resumed The mine had reopened today after being closed several days be- cause of water seepage. It had been inspected Sunday by state' mine inspectors. The explosion occurred at the lowest level, 433 feet down, and three miles east of the tipple. The mine was shaken last No- vember by a series of explosions heard miles away. Two miners were injured, and fire which- fol- lowed the blasts caused damage so extensive the mine was closed more than two months. Rural Schools To Get Prints Michigan schools with teachers enrolled in the University Summer Session will get first choice Sept. 1, when more than 100 reproduc- tions of great paintings are loaned to rural schools. Education students will have a chance today to decide on Rem- brandts' and Da Vincis' they will want for thir classrooms or au- ditorium in the fall. A special preview of the paint- ings will be held at 4 p.m., at the University Museum of Art, Alum- ni Memorial Hall, under the guid- ance of Prof. Jean P. Slusser, di- :ector of the Museum. The exhibit will remain on dis- play until late in August when the University Audio-Visual Educa- tion Center will undertake the ac- EUROPEAN RECOVERY: Economic Distress Breeds Political Insecurity--mi-Knapp I If Europe had been allowed to lapse into economic distress and chaos, the consequence would have been political insecurity, according to J. Burke Knapp, of the Depart- ment of State. "The United States has a great stake in the restoration of a healthy European economy," he said last night, discussing "Fi- nancing the Supply of Europe," in the University Summer Lecture Series on "The Economic Recon- struction of Europe." Politio~cal stailityuin TEurope. andt recovery, which would give an im- mense stimulus to trade and com- merce around the globe," he ex- plained. "The Marshall Plan was inspired in part too by simple humanitar- ian considerations. However, it is not just a charitable or relief pro- gram. It is a constructive invest- ment in European recovery and a concrete expression of American self-interest," Knapp commented. The task of ERP is to restore the productive capacity of Europe WORLD-WIDE PEN PALS: Global Correspondents Listed by SL University students now have an opportunity to write words that Antifascist Committee of Soviet Youth, in Moscow, is handling re- send their names, addresses, gen- eral interests, age and sex to Mar-