FAIR
WARMER
ArN
Ew.r
DatIt
Book Critic O'Malley
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VOL. LV, No. 20S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SUNDAY, JULY 29, 1945
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Senate
Thunders
89
to
2
Approval
of
Unamended
United
Nations
Charter
Empire State Building Debris
Covers Five New York Blocks
At Least Fifteen Killed When Bomber
Crashed Into World's Tallest Structure
By The Associated Press
NEW YORK, July 28-An Army bomber, flying low through heavy fog,
punctured the 102-story Empire State Building today and killed 15 persons
in one of New York's most bizarre disasters.
Police said the death toll might
tonight to search the burned and
Colby, Hayden
W Ill Address
IRA at, Union
Race Discrimination
Is Tomorrow's Topic
Psychological and social aspects of
racial discrimination will be the top-
ics of talks by Dr. Martha Colby and
Robert Hayden of the faculty at a
meeting of the Inter-Racial Associa-
tion at 7:30 p. m. EWT (6:30' CWT)
tomorrow at the Union.
A Human Problem
e s "
"The so-called Negro problem in
America is .a human problem," Robert
E. Hayden of the English department
said yesterday in an interview.
"A great deal has to be done to
change people's mind set," he said.
"We must see the Negro as a human
being, not as a symbol of inferior-
ity,"''Hayden-;"who-wil- speak on the
social aspects of racial discrimina-
tion, declared.
"So many devices for eliminating
prejudices," he said "are merely
temporary and don't help settle
anything. Through a process of
education and a change of attitude
toward the negro," he maintained,
"the situation can be improved."
"The race situation," Hayden said,
"is something that affectsrallNegroes
from the time they are born to the
time they die"
He believes that there must be a
complete integration, that the Negro
must be a part of all phases of Amer-
ican life.
"Negroes," he said, "must attempt
to see life in larger terms than ex-
perience and background have en-
abled them to do. They must," he
added, "ally themselves with pro-
gressive forces working for the bet-
terment of mankind."
"It is absurd for the Negro and
non-Negro to attempt to minimize
this problem, as its effects are all
around them," Hayden declared.
A Study Problem .
"Many more fields of knowledge
should concern themselves with the
problems of racial discrimination,"
Dr. Martha Colby of the psycho-
logy department said in holding out
hope for an eventual solution to the
problem.
"There is a serious lack of inte-
gration of the findings of experts con-
cerned with the problem," she stated
in a recent interview. "I should like
to see," she added, "a symposium or-
ganized at which every branch of
knowledge connected with race is
represented."
Clayton Named Delegate
To UNRRA Council Meet
WASHINGTON, July 28 -(I')-
Assistant Secretary of State William
L. Clayton today was named United
States delegate to the UNRRA coun-
cil meeting opening in London Aug-
ust 7.
CAMPUS EVENTS
Today Dr. Ernest . Ligon will
speak on "How Christian
Attitudes Are Developed"
at 4 p. m. EWT (3 p. m.
CWT) in Kellogg Audi-
exceed 15. Rescue workers continued
twisted wreckage of the 79th floor,
" through which the B-25 "Billy Mit-
chell" bomber plummeted at 9:49
a. m. (EWT).
Smoke and flames enveloped upper
floors of the 1,248-foot tower-
world's tallest building-and three ex-
plosions jarred midtown Manhattan,
strewing broken glass and debris five
blocks around.
Three Killed in Bomber
Three of the dead were aboard the
bomber, which had left Bedford,
Mass. The crew had talked with La-
Guardia Field here by radio, and was
on its way to land at Newark, N. J.
Army officials identified the crew
members as Lt. Col. William F. Smith,
27, of Watertown, Mass., and S/Sgt.
Christopher S. Domitrovich, 31 of
Granite City, Ill.
The name of the third occupant,
said to be a Navy enlisted man, was
not immediately announced.
Victim Identified
The first civilian victim identified
was Paul Bearing, 35. A former
Buff alo, N. Y., newspaperman, he had
been employed by the NationalhCath-
olic Welfare Council, in whose offices
the death toll was highest.
Other bodies were burned beyond
recognition. Of the hundreds who
fled to safety, some in panic, at least
20 were injured by blazing gasoline
u or -falling- debris. a. -..
Anxious friend and relatives of
persons believed to have been in the
building streamed into the nearby
west 30th street police station for
information tonight while attempts
were being made to identify the
bodies in Bellevue hospital morgue.
Three explosions were heard as the
plane sheared through the stone ex-
terior of the 102-story structure,
which swayed like a tree in the wind.
Flaming gasoline spread through of-
fices and corridors and down elevator
shafts. The screams of trapped per-
sons, many badly burned, spread
panic in the upper stories.
Great chunks of debris were hurl-
ed from the flame and smoke wrapped
tower for five blocks around. Fire
trucks and ambulances converged on
the building as thousands gathered in
the streets.
U. S. 9th Army
Returns Today
By The Associated Press
(N.Y.) The main body of the Ninth
Army Headquarters was scheduled to
sail today (Sunday) from Le Havre
for the United States. Advanced
units left July 21.
4The main body of the 20th Armor-
ed Division cleared the port yester-
day for home.
Army units arriving in the United
States today (Sunday):
At New York-These units of the
15th Air Force Headquarters and
Base Service Squadron, 534th Air
Service Group; 787th and 784th Air
Material Squadrons, 960th Air Engi-
neer Squadron, 745th, 746th and 747th
Bomb Squadrons, Headquarters and
Base Service Squadron, 537th Air
Service Group; 964th Air Engineer
Squadron, 744th Bomb Squadron,
Headquarters and Base Service
Squadron, 530th Air Service Group;
956th Air Engineer Squadron, 780th
Air Material Squadron, Headquart-
ers Detachment, 45th Bomb Group;
736th, 737th, 738th and 739th Bomb
Squadrons, Headquarters, 454th Bomb
Group.
Also arriving at New York are the
41st Depot Supply ,Squadron, 151st
Ordnance Bomb Disposal Squadron,
5th Medical Supply Platoon, 499th,,
567th, 531st, and 767th Army Postal
Units, 3136th and 3138th Quarter-
master Service Companies.
Railroads, Govt. Agree
n' - -- - I - - -1
B-32's Join Far East
Air Force Against Japs
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, July 28-The
B-32, most recent of the Ameri-
can heavy bombers, is in action
against the Japanese with the
Far East Air Force.
The Army Air Forces' announce-
ment today that the new bomb-
ers are toperating with General
George C. Kenny's FEAF nappar-
Rntly precludes possibility that the
B-32 will be used by Lt. Gen.
Nathan F. Twining's 20th Airforce.
This "global air force" uses B-29s,
the so-called "very heavy bom-
bardment" type.
Jap Battleship,
Hyuga, Sunk by
Carrier Pilots
Warships at Kure Base
Blazing After Air Raid
By The Associated Press
GUAM, Sunday, July 29-Ameri-
can and British carrier planes of
Admiral Halsey's Third Fleet all but
finished off the Japanese Navy Sat-
urday in the third inland sea raid
of the week, returning fliers reported.
They listed the 29,990-ton battle-
ship Hyuga among the major craft
sunk in the series of attacks.
Other Ships Burning
Other warships were seen battered
and blazing around the Kure Naval
Base where, one air group command-
ed declared, "We did a beautiful
job."
The Japanese Navy, once the
world's third largest, was reduced
to scattered light units.
AII. of Japan's heavy ships have
been sunk or put out of action, the
reports of the fliers and Admiral
Nimitz' Saturday communique dis-
closed.
Score Direct Hits
Three of the first four planes roar-
ing in through heavy anti-aircraft
fire in the latest smash- at Kure
dropped half-ton bombs squarely on
warships.
Jap Party Boss
Hits Ultimatum;
Officials Silent
SAN FRANCISCO, July 28-(P)-
The President of Japan's powerful
totalitarian political party declared
today his country would never ac-
cept the Allied surrender ultimatum
as Nippon awaited an address by
Premier Suzuki on the war and the
coming "battle of the streets."
While the Japanese government
officialy remained silent on the edict
from Potsdam, and Tokyo's news-
papers reached a common refrain of
rejection, Gen. Jiro Minami, presi-
dent of the political association of
great Japan, gave the first reaction
to the ultimatum by an acknowledged
public figure.
Radio Tokyo quoted Minami as
saying Japan would never quit and
the "entire Japanese nation will re-
main absolutely unaffected in their
resolute determination to save their
country from national extermina-
tion."
The broadcast, recorded by the
Federal Communications Commis-
sion, quoted Minami as describing
the ultimatum terms as "contrary to
what the Japanese people think are
righteous peace conditions" and say-
B-29's Blast
At Six More
Nippon Cities
Warning of Raids
Given in Advance
By The Associated Press
GUAM, Sunday, July 29-Between
550 and 600 Superfortresses put the
torch to six Japanese cities early to-
day, the first of 11 war centers warn-
ed that they would be destroyed by
fire unless Japan surrendered uncon-
ditionally and immediately.
A little over 24 hours after Maj.
Gen. Curtis Lemay bluntly told the
Japanese his Superforts were coming
-"and you can't stop us"-seven task
forces carrying 3,500 tons of the
dreaded fire bombs struck in early
morning darkness.
The target cities were:
Tsu, Aomori, Ichinomiya, Ujiya-
mada, Ogachi on the main island
of Honshu, and Uwajima, one of the
four largest cities on Shikoku.
Additionally, they hit Shimotsu Oil
Refinery near the city of Shinotsu,
45 miles south of Osaka.
The bombing was unique for two
reasons. It was the first time in the
history of warfare that an enemy had
been told in advance where the bomb-
ers would strike and was given a bet-
ter than 50-50 chance to block the
attack.
Sixty Superforts flying from hard-
won Iwo Jima Island for the first
time lengthened their strike and
dumped seven-ton loads of incen-
diaries on Aomori, in the northern-
most part of Honshu, a 3,700 mile
round trip from their base on Tinian.
It was the most northerly Japanese
city yet hit by the Superfortresses.
Five other Japanese cities;Nagoka,
Nishinomiya, and Koriyama on Hon-
shu; Kurume on Kyushu; and Hako-
date on Hokkaido, included in the
original list of 11 that were forewarn-
ed their time was coming quickly.
Suspect Jailed
For Insolence
County Judge Holds
G 1mbling investigation
John Easley, 45, of 602 Gott St.,
was sentenced to 60 days in the
county jail yesterday for "insolence"
while being questioned in connection
with gambling in Washtenaw Coun-
ty.
Circuit Judge James R. Breakey,
one man grand jury on gambling,
has been holding secret sessions in
the county building for five days.
Released en Bond
Four men, alleged to have main-
tained and operated a gaming room
at 118 E. Huron St., have been ar-
rested, arraigned, and released on
cash bond. They demanded examin-
ation which has been set for Aug. 10.
They are: Dan Raftopolous, 63,
Wilson Haight, 33, Hal Lee, 36, and
Cliff Mahlke, 28, all of Ann Arbor.
Confiscate Equipment
Police confiscated gambling equip-
ment which has not as yet been eval-
uated.
"All the big gambling operators in
Ann Arbor are -either under indict-
ment," prosecuting attorney John
Rae said, "or are being watched by
local police authorities who have
done a magnificient job in the clean-
up.',
Workship
To Initiate
"How Christian Attitudes Are De-
veloped" will be discussed by Dr. Er-,
nest M. Ligon at 4 p. m. EWT (3
p. m. CWT) today at Kellogg Audi-
torium in the first of a series of lec-
tures in connection with the Reli-
gious Education Workshop, estab-
lished here today.
Christian, Jewish Attitudes
Rabbi Leon Fram will speak on
"Attitudes Taught in tlie Jewish
Home" at 8 p. m. EWT (7 p. m.
CWT) today in Kellogg Auditorium.
Prof. Louis A. Hopkins, director of
the Summer Session, will introduce
the speakers.
Under the direction of Dr. Ligon,
the Workshop will be held from 9 to
12:30 a. m. EWT (8 to 11:30 a. m.
CWT) daily at the Union. Public
lectures will be held throughout the
two-week program.
To Formulate Plans
The Workshop consultants, Prof.
Howard Y. McClusky of the educa-
tion school, Dean David M. Trout of
Central Michigan College, and Frank-
lin H. Littell, director of the Student
Religious Association, will meet to-
day with Dr. Ligon and Dr. Edward
W. Blakeman, counselor in religious
education, to formulate final teach-
ing plans for the Workshop.
The mid-week public lecture will
be given by Prof. Francis J. Donahue
of the University of Detroit. He will.
discuss "Church and State Education"
at 3 p. m. EWT (2 p. m. CWT) Wed-
nesday at the Union.
JAG Dept. Has
170th -Birthday
The Judge Advocate General De-
partment, four-fifths of whose pres-
ent complement of 2576 officers have
been trained at Ann Arbor, will cele-
brate its 170th birthday today.
Founded July 29, 1775, by act of
the Second Continental Congress,
meeting in Philadelphia, the JAGD
today, in the words of the judge ad-
vocate general of the Army, is the
"largest law firm in the world." With
the growing complexity of military
organization, the JAG Department
has expanded till its activities now
encompass a growing number of
fields, from military justice to mili-
tary claims, legal assistance, plant
takeover, war crimes, international
law, promulgation of opinions on
military affairs and the enforcement
of military law on 1,800 continental
military reservations.
Distinguished men in law and gov-
ernment mark the roster of Army
judge advocates from the found-
ing of the department to the pres-
ent day. Organized under the lead-
ership of Lt.-Col. William Tudor and
Capt. John Marshall, later to serve
as Chief Justice of the U. S. Supreme
Court, the department in this cen-
tury boasts the names of Felix Frank-
furter, an associate justice of the
U. S. Supreme Court, and Secretary
of War, Henry Stimson, both former
Army judge advocates.
Dr. Ligon, Fram
Will Speak at
Kellogg Today
Run-Offlo T
Of al SettleAdopted 'U'
University of Philippines, Tsing Hua,
Receive Most Votes in Campus Election
A run-off election between the Universities of the Philippines and Tsing
Hua, the two institutions receiving the highest number of votes in the cam-
pus election Friday, will be held next Friday.
Capturing 187 and 104 votes each of the 517 cast, the institution's
names were announced at the "Adoption Dance" last night. The Execu-
tive Council of the Student Organization for International Cooperation
reported that a large number of the ballots were invalidated because
Speakers
Series Here
they had not been stamped.
At a meeting yesterday of the exec-
utive council, members having no
knowledge of the results of the elec-
tion, decided that since no univer-
sity received a. clear majority of the
votes cast, a run-off election should
be held. In this way, they believe, it
can be made certain that the univer-
sity ultimately chosen will have the
backing of a majority of the stu-
dents.
The run-off will be held in con-
currence with the election of three
Union vice-presidents and one soph-
omore representative to the Ehgi-
neering Council which is being reheld.
A break-down of the 517 votes cast
is as follows: Philippines, 187; Tsing
Hua, 104; Kiev, 78; Strasbourg, 52;
Athens, 36; Warsaw, 32; Berlin, 10;
Munich, 3; McGill, 2; Alaska, 1; Hei-
delberg, 1; Oslo, 1.
State Goerina
To Stand Trial
-on 'Stretcher
MONDROF-LES-BAINS, Luxem-
bourg, July 28-()-Reichmarshal
Herman Goering, who collapsed from
a heart attack during an electrical
storm two days ago, will face trial
when his time comes if he has to
be brought into the court room on a
stretcher, an authoritative source
said today.
This policy will apply to all mem-
bers of the former Nazi government,
all members of the Wehrmacht and
anyone else listed as a war criminal,
the informant said.
Goering, who told Army doctors
his terror of thunder and lightning
brought on the atack, was still in a
highly nervous condition but was in
no real danger.
Capt. Clint. L. Miller, Lee's Sum-
mit, Mo., listed 10 other Nazi leaders
now being treated for more or less
serious ailments, but said all would
be in condition to face trial when
the time comes.
Kendall To Air
Five Are
Absent in
Final Vote
Langer, Shipstead
Refuse Approval
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, July28-The Sen-
ate thundered 89 to 2 approval to-
day of the United Nations Charter,
setting in motion the machinery for
a world organization armed with
force to keep future peace.
In a history making roll call be-
fore jam-packed galleries, 89 sena-
tors voted loudly and clearly for
American participation in a 50-na-
tion league founded primarily on the
principle of united action by the
United States, Great Britain, Russia,
France and China.
Langer, Shipstead Vote "No"
Only two, Senators Langer (R-N.
D.) and Shipstead (R-Minn.) said
"No" to a ratification action revers-
ing the policy the Senate established
25 years ago when it rejected Wood-
row Wilson's League of Nations.
Senator Hiram Johnson (R-Calif.)
aged and ailing member who opposed
the League then and voted against
this charter in, committee, was ab-
sent. He is reported ill.
Four others, Senators Bailey (D-
N. C.), Glass (D-Va.), Reed(R-Kan.)
and Thomas (R-Ida.) were absent
when the vote was taken after six
days of discussion. Johnson ws
paired against the ratification reso0
lution with Thomas and Reed, who
favored it.
(On treaty votes pairs are on' a
2 to 1 basis.)
So complete was the Senate's ap-
proval of the charter'that not a ret-
ervation or amendment was offered
to the document drafted at the San
Francisco Conference of 50 nations.
Galleries Silent
When Senator McKellar (D'-Tenn.),
the presiding officer, announced the
vote, the galleries were unexpectedly
silent. Spectators packed two deep
around the walls, included many men
and women in uniform.
Just before the vote was taken,
Langer, whorhad waited for the dra-
matic moment, arose and announced
that he would not support the chart-
er. He said he believed it was
"frought with danger toward Ameri-
can institutions and the American
Ipeople."
His coleague, Senator Young (R-
N. D.) arose a moment later to de-
clare that he would vote for the
charter. fte disagreed with Langer's
contention' that the Senate ought
not to act while members of the
armed forces are away from home.
Shipstead made no statement to-
day, contenting himself with a thor-
ough-going criticism of charter pro-
visions made earlier in the week.
Fifty-three Democrats, 35 Repub-
licans and Senator LaFollette (Prog.-
Wis.) supported the charter on the
final vote. The requirement of two-
thirds approval for ratification thus
was far exceeded.
In a seven-hour finish day of
speeches, the Senate heard Senator
Bridges (R-N. H.) assert that the
plain fact is that "in the charter we
have an instrument for arresting
acts of war by countries which lack
the power of making war."
Ievelli to Lead,
Band Program
SU
S. Relations
REPERTORY PLAYERS:
betty Bloomqujt To Be Seen
In 'Quaity Street' This Week
Henry M. Kendall, associate pro-
fessor of geography at Amherst Col-
lege, will speak on "Problems in the
Relations of the United States and
the, Low Countries," at 4:10 p. m.
EWT (3:10 p. m. CWT) Monday in
the Rackham Lecture Hall.
The speech is the eleventh in a'
series of lectures sponsored by the
Summer Session on "The United
States in the Post-War World." Prof.
Kendall will be introduced by Prof.
Kenneth C. McMurray, chairman of
the geography department.
The evening lecture will be given
by Kenneth S. Latourette, professor
of missions and oriental history, Yale
University, on "Problems of Religious
Cooperation at 8:15 p. m. EWT (7:15
p. m. CWT). He will be introduced
by Franklin H. Littell, director of
the Student Religious Association.
Polish Boy To Stay
At Least Six Months
WASHINGTON, July 28 --(-
Twelve-year-old Joseph Eugene Pa-
remba, the Polish mascot smuggled
into this country, by the Second
Army Division, is going to get to
1
r
s
i
P
a
The University of Michigan Sum-
mer Session Band will present a var-
ied program at 8:30 p. m. EWT (7:30
p. m. CWT) Wednesday, in Hill Au-
ditorium, under the direction of Wil-
liam D. Revelli, Conductor.
Guest conductors from the Grad-
uate ivision of the School of Music
will help direct the program which
will include compositions by Sousa,
Holmes, Morton Gould, McHugh,
Gershwin-Summerfelt and, many
others. The majority of these grad-
uate student conductors are instruc-
tors or teachers in band in schools
in other communities, spread
throughout the country.
In commenting upon the 75-piece
Betty Bloomquist will be seen in
"Quality Street," the third produc-
tion of the Michigan Repertory Play-
ers for the summer season, which will
open Wednesday through Saturday in
the Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre.
Miss Bloomquist was last seen by
Ann Arbor audiences in the first play
"Quality Street" was first present-
ed on the American stage by Maude
Adams, and more recent theatregoers
will remember it as a movie starring
Katherine Hepburn.
Annette Chaikin is' Cast
Among the others heading the cast
are Annette Chaikin, Betty Godwin,