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August 17, 1945 - Image 1

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Publication:
Michigan Daily, 1945-08-17

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MOSTLY
CLOUDY

Vd

ilk41

~E~uiti

ANVIL SWING
TODAY
See Page Four

VOL. LV, No. 31 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, AUGUST 17, 1945

PRICE FIVE CENTS

President

Emphasizes

Full Employment

*

*

* *

*

*

*

*

* *

*

*

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*

Nip Prince Forms Cabinet To

Work

Under Allies

------------ - -

Under-Secretary

Grew

Resigns

Position

Big Shake-UP
In State Dept.
Is Announced
Truman Appoints Dean
Acheson as Successor
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, Aug. 16-Presi-
dent Truman announced today the
resignation of Joseph C. Grew as
Undersecretary of State and appoint-
ment of Dean G. Acheson to the post.
Grew, a veteran state department
career man, resigned after 41 years
in the service. He said in a letter to
the President he felt the proper time
has come to "lay down the responsi-
bility of public office."
Acheson, who has been serving as
an assistant secretary charged with
contact work with congress, steps into
the second place in the state depart-
ment under Secretary of State Byr-
nes.
Acheson will serve as Acting Secre-
tary, it is indicated, while Byrnes
goes to the Big Five Council of For-
eign Ministers meeting in London.
The Acheson appointment was
made during the recess of Congress
and his name will be submitted to
the Senate when Congress reconvenes
September 5. Speedy confirmation
of the nomination is expected then.
Ulimatum Sent
Japanese Army
LONDON, Friday, Aug. 17-()-
The Russians today gave the Japan-
ese Kwantung Army in Manchuria
until noon Monday to disarm and
surrender and charged that it had
counter-attacked on several fronts
"at the same time" that its head-
quarters was appealing to Soviet
troops to cease hostilities.
"As soon as the Japanese troops
begin surrendering their arms, So-
viet troops will discontinue war op-
erations," Marshal Alexander M.
Vassilevsky told Kwantung head-
quarters in a broadcast order, the
Moscow radio reported.
A Soviet war communique last
night said counter-attacks had been
repulsed and the Russians had cap-
tured the prize communications cit-
ies of Wangching, Kiamusze and Ta-
oan. In addi'on, the broadcast war
bulletin said, Soviet troops repelled
an enemy attempt to recapture the
Korean port cit of Seishin.
Vassilevsky, the radio said, report-
ed that the Jananese did not, "men-
tion a word about capitulation" in
tlhr Equcst to the Soviets to stop
fighting.
The Soviet commander was quot-
ed as saying that he allowed until
noon Monday to surrender in order
to give the Japanese commander
time to communicate with all his
troops.
U. S., Britain Discuss Idea
Of Palestinian Homeland
WASHINGTON, Aug. 16 -(WP)-
President Truman said today the
United States and Britain are dis-
cussing the idea of establishing a
Jewish national home in Palestine.
He emphasized it should be done on
on a peaceful basis.
The United States' view, he told
a news conference, is that as many
Jews as possible should be permitted
to go to Palestine. He said he had
discussed the matter with British
.Prime Minister Attlee and former
Prime Minister Churchill at Potsdam
and that the talks are continuing.

Karpiuski Hits
Churchill for
Red Baiting

Winnie Wants Bomb
Secret Withheld

,

Strikes, Lockouts
Taboo or Present
Army Cutbacks Assure More Meat,
Enough Coal for Civilians This Winter
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, Aug. 16-President Truman brought out a hatful of
plans for America today. Above all he emphasized the need for full em-
ployment-and no strikes or lockouts for a while, at least.
Meantime, in a fast-moving day on the domestic front, the Army said
huge miiltary cutbacks will assure more meat for civilians and enough coal
next winter.
Mr. Truman called upon management and labor for a temporary renewal
of their wartime no-strike and no-lockout pledge.
He asked that the pledge be given until a meeting between manage-
ment and labor-which he will call when Congress reassembles in Septem-
ber-could be held.
While he was making the request CIO president Phillip Murray served
notice that practically all major CIO unions would start immediately to
reopen contracts for higher wages v
under the government's new wage
policies.
PR~l ces.ranePresident Is
assRaises Granted"
Those policies are: Raises can be
granted where they don't call for an
increase in the prices of the things A gainst D raft
the workers turn out.

Urging that atomic bomb informa-
tion be given to Russia, Prof. Louis
C. Karpinski, of the mathematics de-
partment, said in an interview that
"Lowell Thomas, in his broadcast
Wednesday, committed, in my opin-
ion, a serious breach in national eti-
quette toward our allies in suggesting
that the bomb not be given to Rus-
sia."
"If international treaties mean
anything," Prof. Karpinski stated,
"Russia, Great Britain and the Unit-
ed States agreed to share all war
information."
Would Lead to War
"The situation is made most crit-
ical," he continued, "by the fact that
Churchill, for political ends, tries to
induce the English to request Amer-
icans to withhold this information
from our Russian allies and to per-
suade England to unite in such' a
course. What Churchill says would
almost inevitably lead to a war sit-
uation between Russia and America
if Churchill's advice were carried
out."
Prof. Karpinski reflected that if'
Russia had the bomb and made a
similar proposal to withhold it from
England and America, "a tremendous
outcry would have come from all the
Red-baiters in the world, who )ave
been active continuously even after
Russia was made our ally. Red-bait-
ers," he declared, "would have said
that that is just what was to be ex-
pected of Russia."
May Lose Confidence ;n Us
"If America invents the bomb," he
asserted, "and America illegally
withholds this information, then the
Russians may well say that they
cannot place any confidence in our
word. This would cause a most pow-
erful threat of a renewed war at the
very opening of peace after the sec-
ond World War."
"Of course the atomic bomb and
most of its vital secrets are known
to nationals of Canada, England,
France, Denmark, Holland andAmer-
ica - possibly also to Russia - who
have participated in the work leading
to the discovery," Prof. Karpinski
said. "There is not much of any se-
cret to be .revealed," he added.
George Wahr,
Publisher, Dies
Bookstore Owner Was
84 at Time of Death
George Wahr, owner of the book-
stores at 316 S. State and 105 N.
Main, and a pioneer Ann Arbor pub-
lisher for more than 60 years, died
yesterday in his sleep following a
three months illness.
A friend of countless students and
alumni, Mr. Wahr was 84 years old
at the time of his death. He was
born in Ann Arbor, Feb. 18, 1861, the
son of Gottlieb and Agnes Wahr.
Publisher of hundreds of works by
members of the University faculty,
he was awarded an honorary alum-
nus degree by the University in 1937.
His grandson, George Wahr Sal-
lade, was a member of The Daily
staff for four years and served as
Associate Editor in 1942-43.
Japanese To Cease
Fight in Manchuria
SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 16-()-
Tokyo radio said the commander of
the Kwantung Army in Manchuria
is preparing to send "small-type air-
_ ,n +, n _ m m a ..hiii ,_fv^"

NEW U. S. S. LEXINGTON TRIBUTE--Officers and m en assemble on the i
final tribute to shipmates who died in action.
Emperor Brea ks Tradition in
Organizing New Government
By The Associated Press pon's history to function under direc-
"ANO .FRANCISCO,"Aug. 16 - A Ition-of-an alien occupation force.

prince of the Imperial Japanese fam-
ily today obeyed an unprecedented
summons by Emperor Hirohito to
form a new cabinet, the first in Nip-
Players Give
Herbert Opera
'Naughty Marietta' Is
Presented This Week
Life of old New Orleans in the
1750's forms the background for
"Naughty Marietta," produced by the
Michigan Repertory Players of the
Department of Speech in collabora-
tion with the School of Music at 8:30
p. m. EWT today through Saturday.
There will be the regular Saturday
mati'nee and an added performance
Monday in the Lydia Mendelssohn
Theatre.
"Naughty Marietta" is a musical
romance of Marietta, Comtesse d'Al-
tena, who has been. educated in a
Paris convent. In order to escape a.
loveless marriage with a wealthy old
man which her stern parents had ar-
ranged, the romantic girl escapes
from the convent and stows away on a
ship destined for America with a
cargo of "Casquette Girls." They are
orphan wards of the French state,
who, according to the custom of the
time, were given a hope chest, or
"casquette," as a dowry and sent to
the colonies to be married to young
settlers.
In New Orleans Marietta escapes
from the group so that she will not
have to marry any man who may de-
mand her. This leads her into mad-
cap adventures disguised as a boy.
She falls in love with Captain Dick
Warrington of the Rangers who has
been sent to New Orleans to capture
a notorious pirate.

Tokyo radio said the Emperor broke
the tradition when he reached into
the royal family and chose Gen.
Prince Narahiko Higashi-Kuni, uncle
of Empress Nagako, to organize a
peace cabinet to succeed the resign-
ing government of Premier Suzuki.
Among the first eight ministers
chosen by the royal premier-designate
were Prince Fumimaro Konoye, pre-
mier when Japan launched war on
China in 1937, and three members
of the Suzuki Cabinet, Tokyo radio
said in an "unofficial" report. Konoye
was named minister without port-
folio.
War Criminal List
Prince Higashi-Kuni, 57, was a pos-
sible candidate for the Allied list of
Japanese war criminals to be punish-
ed. As one of Nippon's war leaders,
he was reported to have threatened
trial and possible execution ,for Al-
lied airmen forced to bail out of their
planes over Nippon.
The Prince was one of the Supreme
Council of War councillors, and in
1941 was commander of the home de-
fense General Headquarters.
Suzuki Holdovers
Other Suzuki cabinet holdovers,
listed in the early Tokyo broadcast as
slated for the new cabinet, were Ad-
miral Mitsumasa Yonai, Navy Mini-
ster; Naoto Kohiyaama, Minister of
Transport, and Taketora Ogata,
member of the Suzuki's cabinet advis-
ory board, but named as chief secre-
tary of the new government.
The Suzuki cabinet resigned with
the acceptance of Allied terms for
Nippon's surrender, but the Emperor
asked men who formed Japan's last
war government to remain in office
until successors were chosen.
Missing, however, from the dying
cabinet was Suzuki's War Minister,
Gen. Korechika Anami, who commit-
ted Hara Kiri after the surrender,
Tokyo radio said, to atone for his
"failure" as head of the war ministry.

flight deck of the USS Lexington for
Japs Request
Postponement
Of Conference
By The Associated Press
MANILA, Friday, Aug. 17-General
MacArthur postponed today the mo-
mentous Manila surrender conference
at Japanese request and guaranteed
safe conduct for members of the Im-
perial household flying to the battle-
fronts to enforce orders to "cease fir-
ing. "
The .Japanese asked for a delay in
the meeting at Manila, at which they
will receive the stern terms of capi-
tulation, and the Supreme Com-
mander of the Allied Forces replied
that their messages had been received
"and are satisfactory."
Reply Lenient
MacArthur's reply was surprising-
ly lenient for a conqueror, but behind
him was a vast array of Allied power
such as the world never had seen and
it was obvious he would not allow
Japan to take advantage of his toler-
ance and stall for time.
MacArthur in his reply set no new
deadline for the Manila conference,
evidently in recognition of Emperor
Hirohito's problems in getting his
firebrand warlords to accept the grim
reality of defeat.
Solve Own Problems
The commander seemed bent on
letting the Japanese solve their own
problems to insure a minimum of
hostilities before his occupying ar-
mies land on the shores of Nippon.
The Japanese message said it might
take as long as 12 days to make the
cease fire order effective on all the
far-flung fronts.
The Japanese gave no further reas-
on for the inability to send envoys to
Manila as MacArthur had directed,
but said the flight would be arranged
'as soon as possible.'
Unofficial observers believed the
delay indicated either that there was
trouble in Tokyo already or that it
was expected, and the Japanese want-
ed no trouble with the die-hards after
the occupation.

.lr..i ruman sai his empioymenLt
plan-a bill pending in Congress-is
"must" legislation. It would enable
the government to set up yearly a
program envisioning "full employ-
ment," even if the government has to
provide work.
He gave these other plans of his to;
a news conference:
The genius of the scientists who
produced the atomic bomb will be
turned now to finding a way of mak-
ing the atom's power benefit' man-
kind.
The army said its cutbacks in coal
within the next 12 months would
Thousands Scout Jobs
By The Associated Press
Thousands of Americans were
scouting around last night for jobs
-jobs which until a few days ago
were considered non-essential.
But,, reports indicated, the bulk
of workers cut loose from lucra-
tive wartime jobs by -the stilling
of guns on the world's battlefields
took their lot philosophically.
An Associated Press survey yes-
terday showed that more than
600,000 workers already had been
released from jobs by cancellation
of war contracts. Other thou-
sands were expected to be affected
soon.
make 120 million tons available for
homes and factories. The shortage,
they estimated, has been 25 million
tons.
And-Mr. Truman wants to elimi-
nate the War Labor Board as soon
after the labor-management confer-
ence as its duties can be turned over
to other agencies.
Other Developments
On top of all the President said
came these other developments:
1. Some travel restrictions were re-
laxed. All wartime bans went off
taxicabs, automobile racing, and re-
gional and state fairs. There can be
conventions of up to 150 persons.
2. Tax authorities said it seemed
likely Americans would get a cut in
their income taxes-a moderate cut
-by Jan. 1.
3. The Army airforces cancelled
planned production of 31,000 planes.
They would have cost 9 billion dol-
lars.
Intonation Is
Speech Subject
Problems of intonation occupied
the attention of members of the
Linguistic Institute at their two pub-
lic meetings yesterday.
At the Institute's luncheon con-
ference at the League Prof. Clarence
E. Parmenter, chairman of the Ro-
mance languages department of the
University of Chicago, discussed the
problems of teaching intonation of
a foreign language, drawing examples
especially from the problems of
teaching French and Spanish to
c-aalrarc +f Pncrlich Tra nnin+.a i +

Some Military Training
Will Be Recommended
WASHINGTON, Aug. 16-President
Truman breathed a spark of life to-
day into the faint hopes of congres-
sional advocates of universal military
training. But he knocked down flat
any idea of a regular peacetime draft.
The President told his news !con-
ference that he will have later a
recommendation on universal mili-
tary training. However, he empha-
sized that he did not mean conscrip-
tion. What.he actually will propose,
he did not say.
National Guard Expanded
Congressmen close to the admini-
stration have predicted that the Tru-
man plan will be tied up with an
expanded and modernized National
Guard, and the Reserve Corps, and
that it will not be compulsory.
Such a plan has won wide backing!
in Congress among opponents of com-
pulsory military training in peace-
time. In fact, so strong has the op-
position developed to compulsion that
even its most ardent advocates now
admit privately their cause is lost.
Postwar Committee
The postwar committee endorsed
the "principle" of universal training,
but its recommendation won't be
acted on for several weeks by, the
house military committee.
Senators are giving serious consid-
eration to an all-volunteer force for
occupation of Germany and Japan.
Sunday To Be
DayO f Prayer
Truman Asks People
To Offer Their Thanks
WASHINGTON, Aug. 16-President
Truman today proclaimed next Sun-
day-Aug. 19-as a day of prayerful
thanksgiving for victory and remem-
brance of those who died to achieve
it.
He announced simultaneously that
there will be no official holiday on
V-J Day, which will come only after
Japanese forces have laid down their
arms.
The day of prayer was designated
in a solemnly worded proclamation
which asserted that "this day is a
new beginning in the history of free-
dom of this earth."
The announcement of no V-J holi-
day came informally at the presi-
dent's news conference.
Red Power Is'
Topic of Talk
Prof. A. Lobanov-Rostovsky of the
history department will speak on the
topic, "Soviet Power; To What End?"
at Sabbath eve services at 8 p. m.
EWT today in the Hillel Foundation.
Rm n i .1 y n T lv f 1 aecivn

ARRIVAL FROM WASHINGTON:
Maj. -Gen. Lerchk7To Address GA TS

J-

CAMPUS

EVENTS

Today "Nai ghty Marietta" will
be presented by the Mich-
igan Repertory Players at
8:30 p. m. EWT in the
Lydia Mendelssohn Thea-

Maj.-Gen. Arthur L. Lerch, the
Provost Marshal General of the Army,
will arrive here tomorrow from
Washington, D. C. to address 100
graduating Civil Affairs Training
School officers on their overseas du-
ties at commencement exercises to
be held at 10:30 a. m. EWT tomorrow
a th Tnlrham T.nn r -a

remaining officers will control cable,
telephone and telegraph communica-
tions in Japan.
Introducing Gen. Lerch at the
commencement exercises will be Col.
Stephen A. Park, associate director
of the School. Dr. Hayward Kenis-
ton, dean of the literary college, and

31st Infantry, he held a chair at the
University of California as professor
of military science and tactics. Upon
his graduation from the Command
and General Staff School at Ft.
Leavenworth, Kan., in June, 1937, he
held a similar position on the faculty
of the TTniversity nf Florida.

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