MOSTLY CLOUDY Vd ilk41 ~E~uiti ANVIL SWING TODAY See Page Four VOL. LV, No. 31 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, AUGUST 17, 1945 PRICE FIVE CENTS President Emphasizes Full Employment * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Nip Prince Forms Cabinet To Work Under Allies ------------ - - Under-Secretary Grew Resigns Position Big Shake-UP In State Dept. Is Announced Truman Appoints Dean Acheson as Successor By The Associated Press WASHINGTON, Aug. 16-Presi- dent Truman announced today the resignation of Joseph C. Grew as Undersecretary of State and appoint- ment of Dean G. Acheson to the post. Grew, a veteran state department career man, resigned after 41 years in the service. He said in a letter to the President he felt the proper time has come to "lay down the responsi- bility of public office." Acheson, who has been serving as an assistant secretary charged with contact work with congress, steps into the second place in the state depart- ment under Secretary of State Byr- nes. Acheson will serve as Acting Secre- tary, it is indicated, while Byrnes goes to the Big Five Council of For- eign Ministers meeting in London. The Acheson appointment was made during the recess of Congress and his name will be submitted to the Senate when Congress reconvenes September 5. Speedy confirmation of the nomination is expected then. Ulimatum Sent Japanese Army LONDON, Friday, Aug. 17-()- The Russians today gave the Japan- ese Kwantung Army in Manchuria until noon Monday to disarm and surrender and charged that it had counter-attacked on several fronts "at the same time" that its head- quarters was appealing to Soviet troops to cease hostilities. "As soon as the Japanese troops begin surrendering their arms, So- viet troops will discontinue war op- erations," Marshal Alexander M. Vassilevsky told Kwantung head- quarters in a broadcast order, the Moscow radio reported. A Soviet war communique last night said counter-attacks had been repulsed and the Russians had cap- tured the prize communications cit- ies of Wangching, Kiamusze and Ta- oan. In addi'on, the broadcast war bulletin said, Soviet troops repelled an enemy attempt to recapture the Korean port cit of Seishin. Vassilevsky, the radio said, report- ed that the Jananese did not, "men- tion a word about capitulation" in tlhr Equcst to the Soviets to stop fighting. The Soviet commander was quot- ed as saying that he allowed until noon Monday to surrender in order to give the Japanese commander time to communicate with all his troops. U. S., Britain Discuss Idea Of Palestinian Homeland WASHINGTON, Aug. 16 -(WP)- President Truman said today the United States and Britain are dis- cussing the idea of establishing a Jewish national home in Palestine. He emphasized it should be done on on a peaceful basis. The United States' view, he told a news conference, is that as many Jews as possible should be permitted to go to Palestine. He said he had discussed the matter with British .Prime Minister Attlee and former Prime Minister Churchill at Potsdam and that the talks are continuing. Karpiuski Hits Churchill for Red Baiting Winnie Wants Bomb Secret Withheld , Strikes, Lockouts Taboo or Present Army Cutbacks Assure More Meat, Enough Coal for Civilians This Winter By The Associated Press WASHINGTON, Aug. 16-President Truman brought out a hatful of plans for America today. Above all he emphasized the need for full em- ployment-and no strikes or lockouts for a while, at least. Meantime, in a fast-moving day on the domestic front, the Army said huge miiltary cutbacks will assure more meat for civilians and enough coal next winter. Mr. Truman called upon management and labor for a temporary renewal of their wartime no-strike and no-lockout pledge. He asked that the pledge be given until a meeting between manage- ment and labor-which he will call when Congress reassembles in Septem- ber-could be held. While he was making the request CIO president Phillip Murray served notice that practically all major CIO unions would start immediately to reopen contracts for higher wages v under the government's new wage policies. PR~l ces.ranePresident Is assRaises Granted" Those policies are: Raises can be granted where they don't call for an increase in the prices of the things A gainst D raft the workers turn out. Urging that atomic bomb informa- tion be given to Russia, Prof. Louis C. Karpinski, of the mathematics de- partment, said in an interview that "Lowell Thomas, in his broadcast Wednesday, committed, in my opin- ion, a serious breach in national eti- quette toward our allies in suggesting that the bomb not be given to Rus- sia." "If international treaties mean anything," Prof. Karpinski stated, "Russia, Great Britain and the Unit- ed States agreed to share all war information." Would Lead to War "The situation is made most crit- ical," he continued, "by the fact that Churchill, for political ends, tries to induce the English to request Amer- icans to withhold this information from our Russian allies and to per- suade England to unite in such' a course. What Churchill says would almost inevitably lead to a war sit- uation between Russia and America if Churchill's advice were carried out." Prof. Karpinski reflected that if' Russia had the bomb and made a similar proposal to withhold it from England and America, "a tremendous outcry would have come from all the Red-baiters in the world, who )ave been active continuously even after Russia was made our ally. Red-bait- ers," he declared, "would have said that that is just what was to be ex- pected of Russia." May Lose Confidence ;n Us "If America invents the bomb," he asserted, "and America illegally withholds this information, then the Russians may well say that they cannot place any confidence in our word. This would cause a most pow- erful threat of a renewed war at the very opening of peace after the sec- ond World War." "Of course the atomic bomb and most of its vital secrets are known to nationals of Canada, England, France, Denmark, Holland andAmer- ica - possibly also to Russia - who have participated in the work leading to the discovery," Prof. Karpinski said. "There is not much of any se- cret to be .revealed," he added. George Wahr, Publisher, Dies Bookstore Owner Was 84 at Time of Death George Wahr, owner of the book- stores at 316 S. State and 105 N. Main, and a pioneer Ann Arbor pub- lisher for more than 60 years, died yesterday in his sleep following a three months illness. A friend of countless students and alumni, Mr. Wahr was 84 years old at the time of his death. He was born in Ann Arbor, Feb. 18, 1861, the son of Gottlieb and Agnes Wahr. Publisher of hundreds of works by members of the University faculty, he was awarded an honorary alum- nus degree by the University in 1937. His grandson, George Wahr Sal- lade, was a member of The Daily staff for four years and served as Associate Editor in 1942-43. Japanese To Cease Fight in Manchuria SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 16-()- Tokyo radio said the commander of the Kwantung Army in Manchuria is preparing to send "small-type air- _ ,n +, n _ m m a ..hiii ,_fv^" NEW U. S. S. LEXINGTON TRIBUTE--Officers and m en assemble on the i final tribute to shipmates who died in action. Emperor Brea ks Tradition in Organizing New Government By The Associated Press pon's history to function under direc- "ANO .FRANCISCO,"Aug. 16 - A Ition-of-an alien occupation force. prince of the Imperial Japanese fam- ily today obeyed an unprecedented summons by Emperor Hirohito to form a new cabinet, the first in Nip- Players Give Herbert Opera 'Naughty Marietta' Is Presented This Week Life of old New Orleans in the 1750's forms the background for "Naughty Marietta," produced by the Michigan Repertory Players of the Department of Speech in collabora- tion with the School of Music at 8:30 p. m. EWT today through Saturday. There will be the regular Saturday mati'nee and an added performance Monday in the Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre. "Naughty Marietta" is a musical romance of Marietta, Comtesse d'Al- tena, who has been. educated in a Paris convent. In order to escape a. loveless marriage with a wealthy old man which her stern parents had ar- ranged, the romantic girl escapes from the convent and stows away on a ship destined for America with a cargo of "Casquette Girls." They are orphan wards of the French state, who, according to the custom of the time, were given a hope chest, or "casquette," as a dowry and sent to the colonies to be married to young settlers. In New Orleans Marietta escapes from the group so that she will not have to marry any man who may de- mand her. This leads her into mad- cap adventures disguised as a boy. She falls in love with Captain Dick Warrington of the Rangers who has been sent to New Orleans to capture a notorious pirate. Tokyo radio said the Emperor broke the tradition when he reached into the royal family and chose Gen. Prince Narahiko Higashi-Kuni, uncle of Empress Nagako, to organize a peace cabinet to succeed the resign- ing government of Premier Suzuki. Among the first eight ministers chosen by the royal premier-designate were Prince Fumimaro Konoye, pre- mier when Japan launched war on China in 1937, and three members of the Suzuki Cabinet, Tokyo radio said in an "unofficial" report. Konoye was named minister without port- folio. War Criminal List Prince Higashi-Kuni, 57, was a pos- sible candidate for the Allied list of Japanese war criminals to be punish- ed. As one of Nippon's war leaders, he was reported to have threatened trial and possible execution ,for Al- lied airmen forced to bail out of their planes over Nippon. The Prince was one of the Supreme Council of War councillors, and in 1941 was commander of the home de- fense General Headquarters. Suzuki Holdovers Other Suzuki cabinet holdovers, listed in the early Tokyo broadcast as slated for the new cabinet, were Ad- miral Mitsumasa Yonai, Navy Mini- ster; Naoto Kohiyaama, Minister of Transport, and Taketora Ogata, member of the Suzuki's cabinet advis- ory board, but named as chief secre- tary of the new government. The Suzuki cabinet resigned with the acceptance of Allied terms for Nippon's surrender, but the Emperor asked men who formed Japan's last war government to remain in office until successors were chosen. Missing, however, from the dying cabinet was Suzuki's War Minister, Gen. Korechika Anami, who commit- ted Hara Kiri after the surrender, Tokyo radio said, to atone for his "failure" as head of the war ministry. flight deck of the USS Lexington for Japs Request Postponement Of Conference By The Associated Press MANILA, Friday, Aug. 17-General MacArthur postponed today the mo- mentous Manila surrender conference at Japanese request and guaranteed safe conduct for members of the Im- perial household flying to the battle- fronts to enforce orders to "cease fir- ing. " The .Japanese asked for a delay in the meeting at Manila, at which they will receive the stern terms of capi- tulation, and the Supreme Com- mander of the Allied Forces replied that their messages had been received "and are satisfactory." Reply Lenient MacArthur's reply was surprising- ly lenient for a conqueror, but behind him was a vast array of Allied power such as the world never had seen and it was obvious he would not allow Japan to take advantage of his toler- ance and stall for time. MacArthur in his reply set no new deadline for the Manila conference, evidently in recognition of Emperor Hirohito's problems in getting his firebrand warlords to accept the grim reality of defeat. Solve Own Problems The commander seemed bent on letting the Japanese solve their own problems to insure a minimum of hostilities before his occupying ar- mies land on the shores of Nippon. The Japanese message said it might take as long as 12 days to make the cease fire order effective on all the far-flung fronts. The Japanese gave no further reas- on for the inability to send envoys to Manila as MacArthur had directed, but said the flight would be arranged 'as soon as possible.' Unofficial observers believed the delay indicated either that there was trouble in Tokyo already or that it was expected, and the Japanese want- ed no trouble with the die-hards after the occupation. .lr..i ruman sai his empioymenLt plan-a bill pending in Congress-is "must" legislation. It would enable the government to set up yearly a program envisioning "full employ- ment," even if the government has to provide work. He gave these other plans of his to; a news conference: The genius of the scientists who produced the atomic bomb will be turned now to finding a way of mak- ing the atom's power benefit' man- kind. The army said its cutbacks in coal within the next 12 months would Thousands Scout Jobs By The Associated Press Thousands of Americans were scouting around last night for jobs -jobs which until a few days ago were considered non-essential. But,, reports indicated, the bulk of workers cut loose from lucra- tive wartime jobs by -the stilling of guns on the world's battlefields took their lot philosophically. An Associated Press survey yes- terday showed that more than 600,000 workers already had been released from jobs by cancellation of war contracts. Other thou- sands were expected to be affected soon. make 120 million tons available for homes and factories. The shortage, they estimated, has been 25 million tons. And-Mr. Truman wants to elimi- nate the War Labor Board as soon after the labor-management confer- ence as its duties can be turned over to other agencies. Other Developments On top of all the President said came these other developments: 1. Some travel restrictions were re- laxed. All wartime bans went off taxicabs, automobile racing, and re- gional and state fairs. There can be conventions of up to 150 persons. 2. Tax authorities said it seemed likely Americans would get a cut in their income taxes-a moderate cut -by Jan. 1. 3. The Army airforces cancelled planned production of 31,000 planes. They would have cost 9 billion dol- lars. Intonation Is Speech Subject Problems of intonation occupied the attention of members of the Linguistic Institute at their two pub- lic meetings yesterday. At the Institute's luncheon con- ference at the League Prof. Clarence E. Parmenter, chairman of the Ro- mance languages department of the University of Chicago, discussed the problems of teaching intonation of a foreign language, drawing examples especially from the problems of teaching French and Spanish to c-aalrarc +f Pncrlich Tra nnin+.a i + Some Military Training Will Be Recommended WASHINGTON, Aug. 16-President Truman breathed a spark of life to- day into the faint hopes of congres- sional advocates of universal military training. But he knocked down flat any idea of a regular peacetime draft. The President told his news !con- ference that he will have later a recommendation on universal mili- tary training. However, he empha- sized that he did not mean conscrip- tion. What.he actually will propose, he did not say. National Guard Expanded Congressmen close to the admini- stration have predicted that the Tru- man plan will be tied up with an expanded and modernized National Guard, and the Reserve Corps, and that it will not be compulsory. Such a plan has won wide backing! in Congress among opponents of com- pulsory military training in peace- time. In fact, so strong has the op- position developed to compulsion that even its most ardent advocates now admit privately their cause is lost. Postwar Committee The postwar committee endorsed the "principle" of universal training, but its recommendation won't be acted on for several weeks by, the house military committee. Senators are giving serious consid- eration to an all-volunteer force for occupation of Germany and Japan. Sunday To Be DayO f Prayer Truman Asks People To Offer Their Thanks WASHINGTON, Aug. 16-President Truman today proclaimed next Sun- day-Aug. 19-as a day of prayerful thanksgiving for victory and remem- brance of those who died to achieve it. He announced simultaneously that there will be no official holiday on V-J Day, which will come only after Japanese forces have laid down their arms. The day of prayer was designated in a solemnly worded proclamation which asserted that "this day is a new beginning in the history of free- dom of this earth." The announcement of no V-J holi- day came informally at the presi- dent's news conference. Red Power Is' Topic of Talk Prof. A. Lobanov-Rostovsky of the history department will speak on the topic, "Soviet Power; To What End?" at Sabbath eve services at 8 p. m. EWT today in the Hillel Foundation. Rm n i .1 y n T lv f 1 aecivn ARRIVAL FROM WASHINGTON: Maj. -Gen. Lerchk7To Address GA TS J- CAMPUS EVENTS Today "Nai ghty Marietta" will be presented by the Mich- igan Repertory Players at 8:30 p. m. EWT in the Lydia Mendelssohn Thea- Maj.-Gen. Arthur L. Lerch, the Provost Marshal General of the Army, will arrive here tomorrow from Washington, D. C. to address 100 graduating Civil Affairs Training School officers on their overseas du- ties at commencement exercises to be held at 10:30 a. m. EWT tomorrow a th Tnlrham T.nn r -a remaining officers will control cable, telephone and telegraph communica- tions in Japan. Introducing Gen. Lerch at the commencement exercises will be Col. Stephen A. Park, associate director of the School. Dr. Hayward Kenis- ton, dean of the literary college, and 31st Infantry, he held a chair at the University of California as professor of military science and tactics. Upon his graduation from the Command and General Staff School at Ft. Leavenworth, Kan., in June, 1937, he held a similar position on the faculty of the TTniversity nf Florida.