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THE M1N'-M N L 1,
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WORLD-WIDE REACTIONS TO SURRENDER NEWS:
Half-Million Storm Downtown Detroit
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By The Associated Press
DETROIT, Aug. 14-Detroit went positively mad tonight.
Thousands upon thousands of citizens stormed into the downtown
section upon word of the Japanese surrender and a shattering tunivl
burst up from among the skyscrapers.
As the crowds swelled and the clamor increased, police permitted the
celebrants virtually full freedom of the choked streets.
For hours the noise welled and roared. One hour after the surrender
announcement this mighty "Arsenal City," whose muscle meant so much
to victory for America and the Allies, -- .- - --.-- -- --
seemed to be out whooping it up to
the last man and child.
Unofficial estimates said that
perhaps half a million persons were
indulging in the spree downtown
at 9 p. m. (EWT) Almost every
place of business closed up.
Authorities were able to take some
limited precautions. A fireman stood
guard at every fire alarm box. Hard-
pressed bluecoats, engulfed in the
surging crowds, did their best to pro-
tect plate glass windows and other
property.
Above the heads of many shouting
celebrants bobbed the American Flag.
Sidewalk hawkers of noise-makers
sold out their stocks swiftly. Ticker
tape rained down from the windows of
buildings where night workers insist-
ed on joining in the sport.
Over expansive Cadillac Square,
the heart of the loop, a vast throng
milled and swayed. Soldiers and
sailors cheered and showered kisses
otn girl friends.
Autom oiles with horns going
full blast swept in from miles
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around and traffic was in a com-
plete snarl. Street cars couldn't
move.
The wooden warship McKeever,
which stands at Woodward Avenue
and Monroe memorializing a Detroit
boy who died serving that original
ship, was laden with celebrants whol
had seized that vantage point.
All the freighters on the Detroit
River joined in the bedlam with whis-
tles cut wide open.
Baseball-loving Detroit put on a I
terrific show when the Tigers won
World Series. But that was small
Pumpkins compal ed to tonight's wild
outpouring.
WaShI ge101t
WVASi INGTON, Aug. 14 --UP)__-
Fromp'ly at 7 p. w. -. and not a
ninut, before - the national capi-
alJ blew the lid off tonight in victory
ecelebrat ion.
Bl aring utomobile horns, flutter-
ing L par from building wiidow:s
dancing in the streets, kisses for all
comers, even an occasional explosion
of long-hoarded fireworks - the cap-
ital put on a war-end party with all
the trimmings.
A throng collected outside the
White House on Pennsylvania Ave-
nue as word spread that President
Truman would have an announce-
ment at 7 p. m. But until the final
word came it was in general quiet.
Like nearly all the other wary
Washingtonians they waited until
the President announced it was all
over. Then the gathering swelled
like magic.
But throughout the day, while
celebrations spread elsewhere in the
nation on the basis of Japanese re-
ports that it was all over, wary Wash-
ington was quiet, skeptical, suspi-
cious.
* * * .
}me. C hi m
Leaders in all fields - industry,
the church and the professions -
hailed last night the surrender of
Japan.
These were typical comments:
Madame Chiang Kai-Shek: "For
all the world, today is a day of re-
joicing, and yet it is one for serious
and sober thinking, for it can be-
come one of the most significant
days in all history. We must learn
Allie
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, Aug. 14-The Jap-
anese let themselves in for stern, and
probably long, controls tonight when
they accepted the Potsdam surrender
terms.
And although they didn't say so in
so many words, they agreed that their
emperor will take orders while the
Allies haul them back into the ways
of peace and destroy their capacity to
follow any other path.
Potsdam Terms
Here are the Potsdam surrender
terms, the Japanese Aug. 10 "Under-
standing" That the Emperor's powers
would not be taken away and the
U. S. note of Aug. 11 setting forth the
Emperor's status, plus immediate sur-
render steps.
(1) Terms.
There must be eliminated for all
time the authority and influence of
those who have deceived and mislead
the people of Japan into embarking
on world conquest, for we insist that
a new order of peace, security and
justice will be impossible until irre-
sponsible militarism is driven from
the world.
Until such a new order is establish-
that omission to prevent war is just
as culpable and disastrous in the end
as commission to foster war in the
beginning. Only in this way can we
ever repay in measure the debts of
life that we owe to those who died."
d Surrender Terms Japan Accepted
ed and until there is convincing proof!
that Japan's war-making power is de-
stroyed, points in Japanese territory
to be designated by the Allies shall
be occupied to secure the achievement
of the basic objectives we are here
setting forth.
Carry Out Cairo Declaration
The terms of the Cairo declaration
shall be carried out and Japanese
sovereignty shall be limited to the
islands of Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu,
Shikoku and such minor islands as
we determine.
Japanese military forces, after be-
ing completely disarmed shall be per-
mitted to return to their homes with
the opportunity to lead peaceful and
productive lives.
We do not intend that the Japanese
shall be enslaved as a race or de-
stroyed as a nation, but stern justice
shall be meted out to all war crimi-
nals, including those who have visited
cruelties upon our prisoners.
Remove Obstacles to Democracy
The Japanese government shall re-
move all obstacles to the revival, and
strengthening of democratic tenden-
cies among the Japanese people. Free-
dom of speech and religion and of
thought, as well as respect for the
fundamental human rights, shall be
established.
Japan shall be permitted to main-
tain such industries as will sustain
her economy and permit the payment
of just r'eparation in kind, but not
those industries which will enable
her to rearm for war.
To this end access to, as disting-
uished from control of, raw materials
shall be permitted. Eventual Japa-
nese participation in world trade re-
lations shall be permitted.
Withdrawal of Occupying Forces
The occupying forces of the Allies
shall be withdrawn from Japan as
soon as these objectives have been
accomplished and there has been
established in accordance with the
freely expressed will of the Japa-
nese people a peacefully inclined and
responsible government.
We call upon the government of
Japan to proclaim now the uncondi-
tional surrender of all Japanese arm-
ed forces, and to provide proper and
adequate assurances of their good
faith in such action. The alternative
for Japan is prompt and utter de-
struction.
(2) Japanese "understanding."
The Japanese government is ready
to accept the terms with the under-
standing that the said declaration
does not comprise any demand which
prejudices the prerogatives of His
Majesty as a sovereign ruler.
(3) U. S. attitude and immediate
surrender steps. (This is what the
Japanese said "yes" to tonight, along
with all the Potsdam declaration.)
From the moment of surrender the
authority of the Emperor and the
Japanese government to rule the state
shall be subject to the supreme com-
mander of the Allied powers who will
take such steps as he deems proper
to effectuate the surrender terms.
The Emperor will be required to
authorize and insure the signature by
the government of Japan and the
Japanese Imperial General Head-
quarters of the surrender terms
necessary to carry out the provisions
of the Potsdam declaration, and shall
issue his commands to all the Japa-
nese military, naval and air author-
ities and to all of the forces under
their control wherever located to
cease active operations and to sur-
render their arms, and to issue such
other orders as the supreme com-
mander may require to give effect to
the surrender terms.
Immediately upon the surrender,
the Japanese government shall trans-
port prisoners of war and civilian
internees to places of safety, as di-
rected, where they can quickly be
placed aboard Allied transports.
The ultimate form of government
of Japan shall, in accordance with
the Potsdam declaration, be estab-
lished-by the freely expressed will
of the Japanese people.
The armed forces of the Allied
powers will remain in Japan until
the purposes set forth in the Pots-
dam declaration are achieved.
(Continued fron Page 1)
This recommendation for clemency presurimably will be considered by
Gen.,DeGaulle, President of the French Provisional Government.
Besides condemning the 89-year-old former chief of the Vichy state
to death for "plotting against the internal rafety of France," the Court
also sentenced him to national indignay and ordered confiscation of all his
property.
T
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* * *
A Domei dispatch broadcast by the Tokyo radio said last night
that Emperor Hlirohito had told ihe Jpanese people by radio that
"The enemy has begun to employ a ew and most cruel bomb" and
should Japan continue to fitght "it would eiad to the total extinction
of human civilization."
The dispatch was recorded by the Associated Press in New York.
"The enemy has begun to employ a new and most cruel bomb, the
power of which to do damage is indeed inealcula.ble, taking the toll of
many innocent lives," the emperor was quoted as saying.
"Should wel continue to fight, it would riot only result in an ultimate
collapse and the obliteration of the Japanese nation, but also it would lead
to the total extinction of human civilization.
"Such being the case, how are we to save the millions of our subjects;
or to atone ourselves before the hallowed spirits of our imperial ancestors?
This is the reason we have ordered the acceptance of the joint declaration
of the powers."
The text of the rescript follows:
"To our good and loyal subjects:
"Pondering deeply the general trends of the world and the actual
conditions of (indistinct word) in our empire today, we have decided to
effect a settlement of the present situation by resorting to an extraordinary
measure. We have ordered our government to communicate to the gov-
ernments of the United States, Great Britain, China and the Soviet Union
tliat our Emperor accepts the provisions of the Potsdam Declaration.
To strive for the common prosperity and happiness of all nations
as well as the security and well-being of our subjects in the solemn
obligation which has been handed down by our imperial ancestors, and
which we (indistinct words) cose to the (indistinct words) prescript.
"Indeed, we declared war on America and Britain out of our sincere
desire to insure Japan's self-preservation .and the establishment of East
Asia, it being far from our thought either to infringe upon the sovereignty
of other nations or to embark upon territorial aggrandizement.
PELELIU, Palau Islands-The 10,000 ton cruiser Indianapolis was
sunk in less than 15 minutes, presumably by a Japanese submarine, 12
minutes past midnight July 30-and 883 crew members lost their lives in
one of the Navy's worst disasters.
She went down in the Philippines Sea, within 450 miles of Leyte while
on an unescorted high speed run from San Francisco.
Frmtemmno urne h daelrto r civd
Dep
andFP
and
Thought'ful
ra-Y rf u I
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Sis our boundless gratitude for our nation's viC-
tory and the world's liberation. Ours was a bat-
tIe for no ordinary conquest
.. .but for the
greater triumph of Right over Wrong.
May we in our humility and work prove
GUAM, Wednesday, Aug. 14--Orders have been issued to the U.
Pacific Fleet and to other forces under command of the Commander
Chief of the U. S. Pacific Fleet to cease offensive operations against t
Japanese, Admiral Nimitz announced tonight
t1
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A 'K H
United Victory For
The United Nations
NATIONS BOUND TOGETHER to make way for
a greater civilization - one of freedom and
.olerance for all. Each one has made its contri-
bution - let us not forget the great work they
S.
in
pe
Worthy of this blessed PEACE
so clearly yet
so dearly won. May we never, never forget
those whose great sacrifices have made pos-
sible our VICTORY.
And with HIS help, may we now wisely use our
war-forged strength and power and courage to
make this day forever live in history
day when war vanished from the earth.
as the
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