TWO
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
SATURPAY, JOLT'' 13, 1940
TWO SA TLTRDAY, JULY 13, 19441
a"
E MICHIGAN DAILY
! .
The Straight Dope
By Himself
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Editorial Staff
l anaging Editor .............. Carl Petersen
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NIGHT EDITORS: KESSLER-KELSEY
BritiSh Control
Of Gibraltar .. .
T HE BRITISH BLOCKADE of the
continent of Europe is fairly effec-
tive. The British blockade of the Mediterranean,
and thus particularly of Italy, is much more so.
Controlling both Gibraltar and Suez, Britain
'can virtually prevent supplies from reaching
Italy by sea. Italy is not self-sufficient. It must
import to live. So, for that matter, must Ger-
many. A swift conquest of the British Isles by
Germany would breakcthe blockade all right,
but if it did not 'succeed quickly, the sealing
of the Mediterranean might begin to tell heavily
on Italy.
FOR THIS REASON, there is talk of a joint
German-Italian attack on Gibraltar. The
aim would be to open a doorway into the At-
lantic. Unless and until this is done, the Italian
'Navy cannot be of much use in an attack on
the British Isles, for it cannot get out to join
in such an attack.
It is therefore possible, though by no means
certain, that a move against Gibraltar may pre-
cede a move against England itself. There are
said to be 60,000 Germans in Spain in civilian
clothes, awaiting only the order to stand forth
as three Nazi divisions. Thus, if Franco, under
pressure, should still refuse to abandon his neu-
trality, the Nazis within, and Nazis and Italians
without, could soon bring him to reason. the
more so as there are said already to be heavy
German troop concentrations at the Spanish
frontier, just inside France. From Spain, the
Axis could enter Portugal, seize its ports, and
keep the British Navy away from the coast.
Thus Gibraltar itself would be blockaded.
Eventually, it could perhaps be taken from sea
and air by storm.
ANOTHER WAY for the Axis to break out of
the Mediterranean blockade would be to
take Suez. But Suez, for the present, seems to
be even more strongly held than Gibraltar.
Our guess is, therefore, that unless Hitler and
Mussolini decide t6 try- to invade England itself
in the near future, a series of moves against
Gibraltar is altogether likely.
If that is the plan, it would help to explain
the screams of rage and pain that arose from
'Berlin and Rome when the British seized most
of the French fleet. They had wanted to use
those ships themselves. Now Britain has them.
What a dirty trick for the British to play on
the ever-victorious dictators!
-Chicago Daily News
War Propaganda
And Journalism .. .
A MID THE tremendous shocks of
Germany's offensive one feature of
British journalism has not yet received as much
attention as it deserves. It is a little thing, per-
haps; but it is one of those little things that
reflect the temper and fiber of a people most
eloquently.
Every day, the very blackest not excepted,
one has been able to read in the British press
full text of German war communiques. German
claims and interpretations might be disputed
in other columns of news and commentary. But
the hostile communique was spread out for all
to read without a single deletion.
One has an idea that a people which can take
the very worst of its bad news with so little
sugarcoating will not be easily beaten. It is just
when every citizen can see the worst interpreta-
tion of the situation, without being reduced by
censorship to feed on uncertain rumors, that
there is every likelihood of a tonic resolution to
make the united effort required to change the
bad news into good news.
MORE AND MORE OF THE FOREIGN NEWS
that comes through approaches the disgust-
ing. The battles were bad enough; but battles
are after all fought between men. The history
of betrayal, bribery, machination and oppression
that has followed the battles is indeed a sad
and nauseating view of human motives and
means. We expect the Germans to oppress cap-
tive populations; we did not expect the French
to kill off their own.
On the matter of German oppression a slight-
ly amusing item comes from Amsterdam where a
prominent burgher has just bee fined and un-
translateable amount and sent to prison for
three years. His crime was that he counselled
the women employes in his department store not
to have dates with the German soldiers quart-
ered in the city. For ,a moment we thougt the
Labor Relations Act has been transferred to
Holland (well, what do you call it now?) but it
seems the unfortunate capitalist insulted the
German army not wage slaves. Three years for
that crime does not seem excessive to the Ger-
mans.
H, to be soldier in Amsterdam, now that
June is here. What, gentle reader do you
suppose happens to the Dutch maiden who
does more than insult, and rejects entirely
the German armed forces. The prospect,
even for our Rabelaisian eye, is not a pretty
one. Loaded dice always take all the fun
out of the game to our way of thinking.
Perhaps the Germans don't feel that way.
Another item which we present here with-
out comment also comes from Holland. The
Dutch estimate of casualties suffered in the
bombardment of Rotterdam comes to 100,000.
The'British estimate comes to thirty thousand.
The recently released German figures put total
casualties at 354. As Saroyan says, "We all know
what the truth is, we just can't put it into
words." Or figures either, it seems.
WORD of apology to our readers who read
French. We are now aware that we spelled
Travail wrong the other day. According to the
best newspaper ethics we should blame it on
the linotyper or the proof reads, but it isn't
their fault. We just naturally spelled it wrong.
Our source was an (P) dispatch and they spelled
it right but we spelled it wrong. We know better,
but we did it anyway. Are you satisfied Mr.
Reichenbach?
Returning to the war we note with some
alarm that the French aircraft carrier, now
encircled by British ships at Martiique in
the West Indies may set sail for New Or-
leans and be interned there. Internment
means being out of action until the end of
the war. Doubtless the British would wel-
come this consumation devoutly, but for the
United States to have the task of stopping
French, read Fascist hereafter, propaganda
in New Orleans, which has already been
blessed with a loud-mouthed German con-
sul-general, is no light matter. The fact that
of, our 'danger of envolvement in war. It
such a situation may exsist is proof enough
probably ;doesn't mean athing, but we don't
like it. 'Europe is indeed too close to us these
days.
T LONG LAST Soviet has found a friend.
During the Litvinoff regime when she at-
tended strictly to her own business and act-
ually was a force for peace none of Europe
had any use for her. Now, however, that she
has invaded, Finland, Latvia, Esthonia, Lith-
uania, Poland and Rumania, together with pro-
jected plans for the possible invasion of half
a dozen other countries; now that she has ter-
rorized East Europe and proposes to do the same
for East Asia; now that the brains are killed
off together with what remained of the human-
ists; now that all this is accomplished Russia
has a friend. Peace brothers, there was nevg
anything like it.
In the House of Commons the other day
the Hon. R. A. Butler, a Secretary for For-
eign Affairs, rose and remarked that "The
policy of the British Government remains..
. to improve and strengthen the relations
between this country -and the "U.S.S.R."
There surely is -no greater leson to be lec-
tured in all of international politics than is
implicit in that little statement. The whir-
ring noise is Machiavelli revolving in the
tomb.
Washington Merry-Go-Round
WASHINGTON-The authors of this column
have received many inquiries as to what the
United States can do, if anything, to stop Hitler
and help stave off the defeat which seems to
be in store for England.
Obviously, any real answer is extremely dif-
ficult, but there follows, as best as we can give
it, a diagnosis of the situation in which this
nation finds itself in relation to the country from
which it sprang.
First, the sale of more U.S. Government war
weapons is almost out of the question. Govern-
ment munitions are about the only type avail-
able and ready to be shipped immediately. The
rest are on order with private manufacturers,
but cannot be delivered until probably too late
to be of any aid to England.
At present, munitions owned by the United
States Army and Navy cannot be sold until
it is certified that they are in no way needed
for our national defense. And since we are
using every possible factory in a preparedness
program, it is difficult if not impossible to find
anything which can be spared for Great Brit 3n.
The two weapons which Britain needs most
of all are airplanes, to prevent bombing attacks
over her isles; and small naval vessels to inter-
cept Nazi submarines. Regarding these, Con-
gress has clamped down on the sale of airplanes,
while the Justice Department has ruled out the
sale of about twenty small mosquito boats which
the Navy was willing to sell to Great Britain.
Second, the sale to England of various war
materials manufactured by private industry is
proceeding. But this is chiefly in the form of
raw or semi-manufactured goods, and can be
of no immediate assistance.
What the British need most, and desperately,
is guns, ammunition, airplanes, tanks-already
manufactured and ready to use immediately.
These'are not available in any large quantity
in the United States.
Can England Move To Canada?
Third-There have been various American
proposals that the English Government should
fall back on Canada, where it could rally the
remairs of the British fleet and continue the
war from this hemisphere.
This, of course, is almost certain to pull the
United States into war. It is inconceivable that
fighting in the North Atlantic would not involve
New England or American shipping. Already
there is risk of German submarines operating
off the French West Indies and involving the
United States.
However, assuming for the moment that the
transfer of the British Government to Canada
would not involve the United States, let us
examine whether such a transfer actually is
possible. Judging by the French experience, it
would seem doubtful.
Once the center of France collapsed, the Re-
public of France, the people of France also col-
lapsed. All leadership evaporated. French col-
of the Low Countries from the British than
+,,.,- i, - mace ,, Tha UNrv,- n. aa
onies scattered whichever way their local leaders
willed. The heart and soul of France was no
more, and the body could not live without it.
Probably the same would be true of the British
Empire. Perhaps even more than in France, the
heart and soul of Britain are those murky, rain-
drenched isles which have been the center of
literature, culture, government and trade for
most of the English-speaking world during hun-
dreds of years.
If they were conquered, it is doubtful if his
Majesty's fleet could rally around some other
focal point. Most likely his ships would scatter
among the Seven Seas.
Anglo-U.S. Bitterness?
Fourth, if Great Britain falls, it is very likely
that the same bitterness now existent between
France and Britain would break forth to ruin
relations between Great Britain and the United
States.
It will take years for the French to forget
that Great Britain did -not come to their assist-
ance in their hour of need. Already a somewhat
Similar resentment, whether justified or not,
prevails in England toward the United States.
"No, it is not your war," says the man in the
streets of London, "but it will be your war as
soon as we fall; just as it became solely our
war after France fell."
Fifth-One of the factors which created bit-
terness in France was TVinston Churchill's
eleventh hour offer of a union between France
and Britain. It came as France was crumbling,
as her last ray of hope was vanishing. So
Churchill's offer met with jeers.
Remembering the tardiness of Churchill's
proposal, various American leaders, both inside
and outside the Government,, have discussed
and urged the idea of proposing such a union
between Great Britain and the United States
immediately.{
Such a union, they urge, would give immediate
courage to the British to carry on, would bolster
the few remaining free countries of Europe,
and would keep in line the already wavering
nations of South America, where there is no
real confidence that the United States has an
army or navy capable of keeping Hitler out of
the Western Hemisphere-which we haven't,
'Union Now'
These believers in "union now" also point out
that it is a question of hanging together now,
or falling as individual nations later. Just as
Czechoslovakia, Poland, Norway, Denmark, Bel-
gium, Holland and France, one by one were
plucked by Hitler, so also will Argentina, Brazil,
Chile, Uruguay, Ecuador, Colombia and Mexico
fall to the new Empire of Germany until the
United States has Europe at its very door.
The distance between England and the United
States today, in terms of time, is less than it
was between Philadelphia and Virginia in 1776,
and the slogan of "hang together or hang apart,"
in the opinion of many, is just as applicable
today as it was in the days of the Founding
Interpretive:
Hitler's Move:
On What Front
By KIRKE L. SIMPSON
(Associated Press Staff writer)
Twenty-five days from its incep-
tion the Battle of Britain (or rather,
of England, for that is what it is)
has attained such an intensity on
two fronts that a new crisis in the
war appears imminent.
The Germans are pressing the
fight in the air and underseas. A
nod from Adolf Hitler may soon dis-
close whether a third front is to
flame into action in the form of a
Nazi invasion or whether he will
open a drive on a fourth front-a
psychological assault on English
nerves, on English will to prolong
the battle.
Hitler's own whereabouts could
furnish a clue to the next phase of
the tragic drama. If he takes the
field in conquered France it would
sharpen expectation of invasion in
England. It would again stress to
all Germans Hitler's implied if not
stated pledge at the outset of the
war to ask his armies to take no
risks he did not share.
Fourth Front Attack
If a fourth front German attack
is in contemplation in the form of
a dramatic last-moment peace ges-
ture backed by the pistol-point
threat of invasion, it must come
from Hitler direct. No other German
voice could give it authority in Eng-
lish ears sufficient to create political
dissension in Britain paralleling
that which led, in France, to com-
plete capitulation.
There have been recent intima-
tions that some such Hitler move
as a final prelude to "all--out" at-
tack on England was anticipated in
some British circles. Every recent
word spoken for British ears by
Prime Minister Churchill and his
aides has had in it the clear purpose
of counter-acting any spread of de-
featism in the nation's hour of great-
est peril.
Despotism Is 'Potent
The continuing campaign in mi-
nority British political circles to
drive Neville Chamberlain, former
prime minister and symbol of the
former "appeasement" sentiment,
out of the, Churchill War Cabinet,
indicates a fear that despotism still
could precipitate an internal political
crisis to snarl defense plans.
Crushed France, re-garbed in Fas-
cist trappings, lies just across the
Channel, an object lesson to which
Hitler could point in urging Britain
to escape the final horrors of com-
plete war by accepting terms, per-
haps generous terms, before it was
too late. Berlin is dinning claims
of mounting submarine and air suc-
cesses into British ears to foster
public fear of starvation in England.
The mounting toll of civilian casu-
alties from German day-and-night.
bombing raids cannot be concealed
by censorship from the British re-
public, yet Berlin contends she had
thus struck only at military objec-
tives and has made no ruthless ef-
fort to shatter English civilian cour-
age.
Censorship Is Rigid
Censorship does conceal almost
completely the actual military dam-
age inflicted either in England or
by British counter-raids against
Germany. There is no yardstick by
which to reconcile conflicting Brit-
ish and German reports of the price
Germany is paying in planes shot
down in °action over England.
It is certain, however, that day-
light bombing is a dangerous busi-
ness, even when bombers from near-
by bases in France are protected by
fighter escorts. Britain's air force
is outnumbered; but not yet out-
fought. Germany has far from at-
tained that mastery of the air that
would make invasion possible with-
out German losses of staggering pro-
portions. That is a factor even Hit-
ler must weigh.
Against British Nerves
It is a factor, too, that well might
urge him to attempt a dramatic
fourth-front attack on British nerves,
harrowed by weeks of bombing on a
crescendo scale, in the hope of dupli-
cating in England the political col-
lapse in France that swept the Rey-
naud "fight-to-the-end" ministry
and the ThirddRepublic successively
into the discard.
Parliamentary government is not
dead in England; only in a state of
voluntarily suspended animation.
The same Parliament that hustled
Chamberlain into the discard pre-
sumably could rescind Churchill's
dictatorial powers if a spirit of de-
featism gained sway in the bomb-
agonized nation. It is a point which
Berlin strategists are not apt to
overlook and which . only English
courage could answer finally.
How About Harlan?
"Mexican Dead May Reach 100 in
Vote Riots," is the headlineover the
Mexican election story current as
this editorial is written. Terrible
people, those Mexicans.
However, a calmer view is possible,
uri-. th grl efmathpmai.s We
I
Grin And Bear It .
ei94U. S. Pit. Of.. All.56. 5AP"
"You're seeing too much of bacteria lately,
you for men!"
Letitia-they're spoiling
DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN
All notices for the Daily Official
Bulletin are to be sent to the Office<
of the Summer Session before 3:30
P.M. of the day preceding its pub-i
lication except on Saturday when
the notices should be submitted be-
fore 11:30 A.M.1
Angell Hall Observatory Evenings.
If the sky is clear, the moon will be
shown through the telescopes of the
Students Observatory on the fifth
floor of Angell Hall, from 8:15 to 10,
p.m. again on Saturday, July 13th.
These public evenings are resricted
to students in the Summer Session.
"Beyond the Horizon" by Eugene
O'Neill, distinguished American play-
wright, will be presented Saturday
night in the Lydia Mendelssohn
Theatre. This is the third produc-
this ummer of the Michigan Rep-
ertory Players of the Department of
Speech. Prices, 75c, 50c, and 35c. Box
office open from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.
daily.
"Aircraft Engine Fuel Feeds" by
Mr. F. C. Mock, Bendix Aviation Cor-
poration and "High Octane Fuels" by
Mr. W. G. Lovell, General Motors
Research, are the lectures to be given
in connection with,the Internal Com-
bustion Engine Institute, in the Am-
phitheater, Rackham Building this
morning at 9 a.m.
Graduate Record Program will be
held .today, July 13 in the Men's
Lounge of the Rackham Building
from 3 to 5 p.m. The program
will consist of the Oberon Overture
by Von Weber, Suite from "Carmen"
by Bizet, Suite for Strings and Wood-
winds by Purcell-Barbirolli, .and
from Die Meistersinger by Wagner,
Act I, III, Scene II. 'Mr. J. W. Peters
will be in charge. Everybody wel-
come.
Unitarian Church. State and Hur-
on Streets. 11 a.m. Sunday, Rev. Ed-
win H. Wilson, of Chicago, summer
minister on "Earth's Chief Enter-
prise." 7:30 p.m. Panel Discussion,
"What Are Science and Culture Do-
ing to Christianity?", Participating,
Professor R. W. Sellars and John
Shepard; Rev. R. L. Mondale, Kan-
sas City; Dr. F. S. Kinney, Method-
ist Church, Galesburg, Mich; Profes-
sor Gardner Williams, University of
Toledo.
First Presbyterian Chureh. 10:45 a.
m. "Revised Judgements" will be the
subject of the sermon by Dr. W. P.
Lemon.
5:30 p.m. Sunday Evening Vespers
-"The Bible of the World" (a dra-
matic production with choral read-
ings, music, and nationals in cos-
tume will be presentde in the Out-
of-Door Theatre at 6:30 o'clock). A
cost supper at 5:30.
First Baptist Church. 512 East
Huron. C. H. Loucks, Minister. 10:30
-The Church at Worship. Sermon
Topic-"What is Man?"
11:30-The Church at Study. Kin-
dergarten and Primary Departments
meet during the worship service. All
other departments meet for a half
hour session at 11:30.
6:15-Roger Williams Guild. Dr.
O. D. Fostre will speak on "Religion
in Mexico" and will show pictures
of that country.
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-
day Saints: Sunday School and dis-
cussion group, 9:30, Michigan Lea-
at 9:30 a.m. on the theme "The Bible
and Literature" led by Mildred Sweet.
Wesleyan Guild Meeting at 5:30 p.m.
in the Wesley Foundation Assembly
Room. Refreshment and fellowship
will be followed by the program at
6:15. Dr. C. W. Brashares will speak
on "The Church Looks At Our Day."
First Church of Christ, Scientist,
409 So. Division St. Sunday service
at 10:30, subject: "Sacrament." Sun-
day School at 11:45.
St. Andrew's Episcopal Church-
Sunday: 8 a~m. 'Holy Communion;
11 a.m. Morning Prayer and Sermon
by the Reverand Henry Lewis; 11 a.
m. Kindergarten, Church Office
Building; 5 p.m. Student Picnic at
the home of the Reverendand Mrs.
Frederick W. Leech, 1505 Ottawa
Drive. Prefessor Wesley H. Maurer
will lead a discussion on "The Anal-
ysis of the Conflicts of Today". Cars
leave Harris Hall at 5 p.m.
Lutheran Students: Rev. Yoder
conducts early services at 8:30 a.m.
and regular services at -1-0:30 a.m.
every Sunday in Trinity Lutheran
Church. Rev. Stellhorn conducts reg-
ular services every Sunday at 10:30
a.m. in Zion Lutheran Church.
The Lutheran Student Association
for Lutheran Students and their
friends will meet this Sunday for
supper at the home of Katherine
Bock, 2560 Jackson Ave. Gunnar Mal-
min will speak on Lutheran Church
music. The group will meet -at the
Zion Lutheran Parish Hall at 5:30
p.m. and will proceed from there to
Miss Bock's.
Student Evangelical Chapel: Ser-
vices Sunday July 14, 1940 Conducted
by the Rev. Wm. Stuart of Grand
Rapids.
10:30 a.m. and 7:30 p m. 'Chapel
of the Women's League Building.
Michigan Christian Fellowship, an
evangelical Christian student group
meets each Sunday afternoon at 4:30
in the Fireside room, Lane Hall. Stu-
dents of the summer session are cor-
dially invited to enjoy fellowship
with this group. A social half-hour
after the program gives an oppor-
tunity for getting acquainted.
First Congregational Church, State
andlWilliam, Rev. Leonard A. Parr,
D.D.
10:45 a.m. Public Worship. Dr.
Parr will speak on the subject, "On
Having 'The Last Word"'. The guest
soloist will be Miss Ruth Enss. The
Chorus Choir will sing "Sweet Is
Thy Mercy."
On Monday from 3 to 4, Dr. Parr
will give the last of the summer ser-
ies of Monday BookhLectures. This
Lecture is open to the public.
Graduate Outing Club will meet
on Sunday, July 14, at 2:30 p.m. in
the rear of the Rackham Building
for an outing to Cavanaugh Lake
County Park. Swimming, softball,
and hiking. Supper outdoors around
a campfire, followed by a social hour.
Dave Davidson-and Gerald Hart will
be in charge of arrangements. All
graduate students, faculty and alum-
ni are invited.
Clinic Band Concert. The first con-
cert to be presented by the High
School Clinic Band will be given
Sunday afternoon, July 14, at 4:15
o'clock, in Hill Auditorium, under
the direction of. William D. Revelli.
By Lichty
T -,
0{
41