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Editorial
When Allies
Go To War...
Official Publication Of The Summer Session
VOL. L. No. 16 Z-323 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, JULY 12, 1940
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Italians Admit
Heavy Losses,
Claim British
ShipsAre Hit
Hood, World's Mightiest
Warship, Is Seriously
Damaged By Air Force,
Rome Reports Declare
20 Days of Warring
Depletes Manpower
ROME, July 11.--()-Italy, neck
deep now in war, listed heavy man-
power losses in air and sea today
and combined them with claims of
damaging bomb hits on the world's
mightiest warship, Britain's 41-200-
ton battle cruiser Hood, and the
22,000-ton British aircraft carrier
Royal Oak.
Military headquarters said 151
Italian fliers were lost and 103
wounded in the first 20 days of war
against Britain.
Moreover, 'Italy's air chief, Gen-
eral Francisco Pricolo, disclosed that
a great part of the Italian aerial
/force of 300 planes which fought the
British fleet in the Mediterranean
early this week had come home dam-
aged, with woundedabroad, and that
three planes had not come home at
all.
Paganini Sunk
In another announcement, the
burning and sinking of the Italian
motorship Paganini, off Durazzo, Al-
bania, June 28, was acknowledged,
with the loss of 220 Italian officers
and men. The cause was withheld.
The Italians said the Hood was
bombed and set afire and the Ark
Royal struck twice with bombs south
of the Baleares Islands Tuesday. This
was about the time that other Italian
and British naval units were fighting
a hot, six-hour battle in the Ionian
Sea
(The British deny that any of their
ships were damaged.)
Sinking 'Believed'
The new and belated Italian com-
munique announcing successful ac-
tion against the Hood and Ark Royal
revised the score of the developing
battle of the Mediterranean as it is
put forward here:
Italian successes claimed: Damage
to the Hood and Ark Royal; a sink-
ing "believed" to have occurred,
"probably a battleship;" the sinking
of a destroyer and bomb damage to
an unspecified number of other war-
ships, classifications not given.
Italian losses acknowledged: the
1,073-ton destroyer Zeffiro a sub-
marine; three planes and a British
hit on a warship that killed 29 and
injured 69.
Axis Enforces
Peace In Balkans
BUDAPEST, July *11.-(fi)-The
precarious peace of Southeastern
Europe, hanging by a thread since
Russia's Bessarabian grab, seemed
assured of at least temporary con-
tinuance tonight.
Hungary and Bulgaria again have
postponed their territorial claims on
Rumania, in deference to Germany's
desires:
1. To maintain Southeastern Eu-
rope on a full production basis for
the Nazi war machine during the
battle to conquer Britain.
2. To keep Soviet Russia from
using Danubian confusion as an
opening for another snatch of stra-
tegic territory on the Third Reich's
"living space" frontier.
The sudden switch-about -appar-
ently came early Wednesday-when
Hungary had expected Germany and
Italy would indorse its dream of im-
mediate acquisition of the province
of Transylvania, lost in the World
War.
Niagara Falls Tour
Starts Out Today,
Returning Monday
Participants in the sixth Summer
Session exoursion, visiting Niagara
Falls and vicinity, will leave Ann
Arbor, at 3:30 p.m. today in front
61 Angell Hall, to return at 10 a.m.
Monday..
Excursionists will be accompanied
HigherEduca lionFals
Society, Wilkins Holds
Says Social-Mindedness
Is Necessary; May Be
Made A 'High Nobility'
By HARRY M. KELSEY
Education has failed, and higher
education more than the education
of younger students, in respect to
preparation for the maintenance of
democracy, President Ernest H. Wil-
kins of Oberlin College told students
and guests of the Graduate Stud''
Program in American Culture and
Institutions yesterday in his lecture
on "The Social Responsibility' of
Education."
"YWe have forgotten the hard
winning; we have taken for granted
that which has hardly been won.
We have not been excited about de-
mocracy," he stated. "But we owe it
to our students, at all levels, to make
sure that they understand the dif-
ferentiating essentials of democracy,
to bringsfrom every possible depart-
mental source our testimony as to
its excellence and as to its constant
peril, and to kindle within them the
true and deep and abundant religion
of Edemocracy."
Society, President Wilkins pointed
out, is the creator, father and sup-
Mexico Feud
Halts Progress
Foster Declares
Usurping Of Native Wealth
Seen As A Basic Cause
Of Turbulent Conditions
Charges and counter charges be-
tween politicians and ecclesiastics
who have sought Mexico's gold and
conversion to Christianity have
strangled her progress, Dr. O. D.
Foster, student religious leader who
has spent years of study in Mexico,
told the fourth luncheon meeting of
the Sixth Annual Conference on Re-
ligion yesterday.
The transition from the numerous
pagan idols to Christian images was
accomplished so easily by the ignor-
ant natives because of a transfer of
their ancient symbols and practices
to- the religion which the Spaniards
brought with their conquests. The
continued exploitation of native
wealth and resources has been the
foundation of the severe economic
and political stress which has been
achieved by the chaotic trend of
the nation's recent history, he added.
"Foundations of American culture
were cemented by Hebrew mortar,"
Rabbi Louis Binstock, who has re-
cently returned from Germany, Rus-
sia and Poland, pointed out in his
discussion of "Jews In American
Culture," at the regular afternoon
forums of the conferences.
The continuance of minority sects
which in their earliest development
tried to revert to the Early Christian
Church and the enduring effect of
Seventeenth Century political phil-
osophers who advocated the separa-
tion of Church and State are the
two factors responsible for the in-
ception of first complete religious
freedom known, Dr. William Sweet
of the University of Chicago anal-
yzed in his discussion of "The Source
of Our Religious Liberty."
Concluding its week of forums,
luncheons and round tables, the
Conference will hear Dr. Foster dis-
cuss "Religion Today in Mexico."
porter of education, which, there,
fore, owes to society the recognit-
ion and meeting of its educational
needs. Society's greatestneeds, he as-
serted, is for men and women who
are equipped to play their parts well
as members of society in the four
social fields of home life, earning,
citizenship and leisure.
The fulfillment of the social re-
sponsibility of educationhhowever,
depends primarily upon the social-
mindedness of those who teach,
President Wilkins stated. "Fortun-
ately," he said, "social-mindedness
is not a thing withheld or established
as unchangeable at birth, like blue-
ness or browness of eye. It is a qual-
ity which, exsisting first as a mere
gregariousness, may degenerate into
the self-seeking of a mob, or may be
sublimated, consciously or uncon-
sciously, into a high nobility."
"If you would win to that no-
bility," he continued, "seek for your-
selves the largest possib1e frames of
reference in time and space and in
the infinite variety of the social ex-
perience. And then remember that
there is nothing of that which makes
up infinity which does not exsist, po-
tentially, to be sure, infinitesimally,
in the child or the youth who honors
you by sitting at your feet."
Inorder to thrive, society must
recognize the need for both main-
tenance and improvement, President
Wilkins explained. Thus, hessaid,
education must instill in its students
the understanding of the necessity
of and the will to participate in social
maintenance and improvement.
Society as a whole, he noted, is
more conscious of the need for main-
tenance than' the need for improve-
ment, while education as a whole
is quite as conscious of the need for
improvement as it is of 'the need for
maintenance.
Melhcior Palyi
Will Lecture
HereMonday
Will Discuss Totalitarian
Economics In Current
American Policy Serie
Dr. Melchior Palyi, one of Ger-
many's leading economists will pre-
sent the third in the current Ameri-
can Policy series Monday, speaking
on "The Significance for the United
States of the Totalitarian Economic
Policy" He will talk at 4 p.m. in the
Rackham lecture hall.
Dr. Palyi, author of numerous ar-
ticals and monographs on monetary
theory, served as technical expert of
the German Republic commission to
stabilize the mark after tle great
post-war inflation.
He left Germany with the rise of
the Hitler regime, and joined a Lon-
don bank. Since coming to the United
States, Dr. Palyi has been visiting
Professor of Economics atthe Uni-
versity of Chicago.
Bomber Crashes
Third Term
Boom Starts
In Congress
64 Representatives Ask
Roosevelt Draft; Wiley
Starts Move In Senate
Democrats In Move
Toward Convention
WASHINGTON, July 11.-((P-
A declaration that President Roose-
velt "should accept nomination and
continue his aggressive leadership,"
was issued today by 64 Democratic
members of the House, while the
Chief Executive continued his stud-
ied silence.
Rep. Smith (D-Wash.) said that
in signing the statement the House
members "expressed their ernest de-
sire" that Mr. Roosevelt accept a
third term nomination from the
Democratic National Convention
which opens Monday at Chicago.
Signatures of members from the mid-
west predominated on the statement.
White House Silent
Third term talk also came from
other quarters. Secretary Ickes ex-
pressed to reporters his belief that
Mr. Roosevelt would accept renom-
ination-but explained that this was
only his own opinion and that it was
based on no word from the President.
The White House still had nothing
to say about the third term matter.
Meanwhile, Democrats began an
exodus toward Cchicago. Congress
recessed late today until July 22 to
give its majority members a chance
to attend the convention.
Senate Investigation
Before the recess, Senator Wiley
(R-Wis.) proposed on the Senate
floor that the Senate Campaign Ex-
penditures Committee investigate a
chain postcard which he said was
being circulated in Washington to
urge President Roosevelt to run for
a third term.
He made the proposal shortly af-
ter the committee had decided that
this was insufficient evidence to
justify an investigation of reports
that a "high pressure" telegraphic,
drive was employed in the successful
campaign of Wendell Willkie for the
Republican presidential nomination.
British Children
Will Be Helped'
By LocalGroup.
Appeals to members of the Uni-
versity faculty and twonspeope to
aid in the evacuation of British chil-
dren by contributions of money or by
providing a home for the children for'
the duration of the war were sent
out yesterday.
Headed by Prof. John P. Dawson
and Prof. E. C. Goddard, both of the
Law School, Prof Robert C. Angell
and Prof Arthur Dunham of the soci-
ology department, and Kenneth Mor-
gan, director of the Student Religious
association, the committee is work-
ing in cooperation with the national
committee under the sponsorship of
Eleanor Roosevelt.
Letters were sent to all members of
the faculty to obtain funds and homes
for the refugee children it is possible
to bring to Canada and the United
States. The first group of children
will number approximately 5000. A
similar monthly quota has been set,
Professor Dawson pointed out.
The local committee will aid in the
evacuation of children through the
International Migration Service, pro-
viding affidavits of support Professor
Dawson announced. Further infor-
mation can be obtained from mem-
bers of the committee which is tak-'
ing part in the collection of $5,000,-
000 for the support of the children
in the United States, he said.
'Huge Contracts Let
For New Airplanes
WASHINGTON, July 11. -(A -
Working toward a goal of 25,000,
new warplanes in the next two years,
the National Defense Commission
announced today that $160,000,000
worth of contracts had been awarded
since July 1, when funds for the
expansion program became avail-
able.
First plane deliveries are expected
German Bombimg Raids;
King George
VI Escapes
Z*)
Escapes Nazi Bombs
Nazis Continue Incessant Attacks
On England; Inflict Heavy Losses
LONDON, July 12 (Friday).-(P)-King George of England escaped
death or injury by only a few minutes in a German bombing raid at an
undisclosed time and place in Southern England, it was disclosed today,
after a day and night of constant Nazi air attacks which took a heavy
uncounted number of lives.
Where the King was visiting when the bombers roared over was not
disclosed "for reasons of security," but it was indicated that he left the
scene of heavy bombing only a matter of minutes before the raiders struck.
Also for "security" reasons the Government did not rdisclose the num-
ber of casualties across England, but in an after dusk renewal of the pound-
ing of Southern England alone 14 were killed and 47 were wounded.
Altogether -the British claimed 22 raiders shot down, 13 of, them
bombers, and "many more seriously damaged."
The late night communique said one squadron of Hurricanes alone
bagged eight German planes and indicated that in the final count the
raiders' losses might be well above 22.
But uncounted other big bombers and their speedy swarm of escort
fighters sliced through, machine-gunning city streets and splintering homes
with heavy explosives.
Whole towns shook with the force of the biggest blasts. In one south-
east town eight heavy bombs smashed into a residential section.
(For several days, the British have
KING GEORGE VI
Bloomfield Tall
Will Conclude
Language Meet
Leading Linguist Scholar
To Speak At 7:30 P.M.
In Rackham Building
Prof. Leonard Bloomfield, chairlt
man of the department of linguistics
at the University of Chicago and
professor-elect at Yale University,
concluded the Linguistic Institute's
lecture series for the week with his
discussion on "The Phoneme," today
at 7:30 p.m. in the Rackham Building
amphitheater.
Originally announced for the first
week of the summer session but
cancelled because of Professor Bloom-
field's illness, this lecture is to be
the first of a series of four or five
which he will deliver on successive
Fridays through the duration of the
Institute.
Professor Bloomfield, recognized as
a leading linguistic scholar in this
country, has been closely associated
with the work of the Linguistic In-
stitute for several years. Two years
ago he was a member of the Institute
faculty; last year he visited Ann
Arbor weekly to present a series of
lectures upon the sounds and struc-
ture of the Algonquin Indians lang-
uages. He is knownafso as theauthor
of the standard text and treatise,
"Language."
Auto Builders Get Orders
DETROIT, July 11.-((P))-Mich-
igan manufacturers will share in the
Navy's $1,140,000,000 expansion pro-
gram which calls for construction of
92 combat vessels, William C. Rich-
ards, administrative officer of the
Michigan Office of Government Re-
ports, announced today.
avoided giving specific information
as to the slain. But it was clear,
from the fact that "several" dead
were acknowledged in three separate
areas, that this time the total of fa-
talities was considerable.)
The attackers came over in three
waves of eight planes. British fight-
ers were reported to have destroyed
four of them.
The British reported a successful
raid of their own on the German-
held airdrome at Boulogne, France.
The almost continuous Nazi at-
tacks on England appeared to be
intended to master the British skies
before the last test for England it-
self.
Fast-rising British fighting planes
and coordinated anti-aircraft fire
kept the invaders high in the air
and low in bombing efficiency.
While the British-German strug-
gle crescendoed on the aerial front,
there Were other major developments
linked with Britain's fight for life:
1.-Foreign Affairs Undersecretary
R. A. Butler told the House of Com-
mons that success in Britain's at-
tempt to make friends with Soviet
Russia has "ap>eared more likely
since March when the U.S.S.R. made
a friendly approach to the Govern-
ment and proposed resumption of
trade negotiations."
2.-Minister of Agriculture R. S.
Hudson acknowledged that Britain
faces a food crisis! immeasurably
more serious than in 1914 and de-
clared-that food production must be
increased in the next year to save
millions from hunger.
Mexico Election Contested
MEXICO CITY, July 11.-((41'))-
Supporters of Gen. Manuel Avila Ca-
macho, administrative candidate, de-
clared tonight he had swept into the
presidency by a 5 to 1 majority in
the counting of Sunday's election,
ballots.
Gen. Juan Andreu Almazan, how-
ever, issued a statement that he him-
self would take the oath of office as
Mexico's next president December 1
when president Lazaro Cardenas
leaves the post.
James Murf in,
Former Regent,
Dies In .Detroit
DETROIT, July 11.-((P))--James
0. Murf in, prominent attorney and
former University of Michigan Re-
gent and State Senator, died at his
home here tonight. Murfin, who was
65, had been ill for more than a
year.
A $200,000 chair in political science
was endowed in Murfin's name at the
University Just a few months ago.
Murfin, native of Portsmouth, O.,
and graduate of the University, ser-
ved as a Regent from 1918 to 1934.
In 1900 he was elected to the State
Senate and served one term, refusing
to run for re-election. From 1908 to
1911 he served on the Circuit Court
bench.
The widow, Mabelle Chapin Jen-
nings Murfin survives. She was his
second wife. His first wife was Jane
Murfin, playwright and scenarist.
Band Festival
In Rehearsal
Sunday
High
Concert To Open
School Programa
I
SOMERSET, Pa., July 11.-')-A'
big army bomber, crippled by motor
trouble, crashed in flames atop Lau-
rel Mountain in the Alleghenies
"graveyard of aviators" late today
after the pilot, Lieut. N. R. Dick of
Wright Field, Dayton, 0., leaped to
his death.
ZeS fGtol ral
Prhf. Senit Anali
Samuel Johnson's Dictatorship'
Influential, H. B. Allen Declares
.Z . 4 In. 1 W - w.7 - - ,J N ./ .YXN-Y-
Formations Of Niagara Falls
As a climax to a week of inten-
sive training and rehearsals, the 136
high school musicians, assembled here
for the fifth annual band clinic, will
present a concert at 4:15 p.m. Sun-
day in Hill Auditorium.
High school musicians represent-
ing nine states are assembled In Ann
Arbor for the Clinic, sponsored each
year by the School of Music under
the direction of William D. Revelli.
Presenting a three-week seession of
instruction in all phasses of band
work, from individual instruction to
full band rehearsals, the Clinic will
include concerts at the end of each
week.
Cleo G. Fox of Kalamazoo and
Dale C. Harris of Pontiac, both mem-
bers of the Clinic faculty, will con-
duct the first public concert Sunday.
In addition to the series of three
concerts, the Clinic band will also be
featured in two half-hour radio
broadcasts, a solo and an emsemble
recital, all to be announced in The
Daily.
Film Series
DueMonday
A preview of educational films, de-
signed especially for classroom use,
will be presented under the auspices
of the Visual Education Classes of.
Prof. F. Dean McClusky of the edu-
cation school at 2 p.m. daily begin-
By MYRON DANN,
The entire system of gorges and
rapids of the Niagara Falls section
were cut and are being cut by the
pressure of the water running over
them, Prof Irving D. Scott of the
geology department told a large aud-
ience in the Natural Science auditor-
ium yesterday.%
Professor Scott speaking in antici-
pation of the Summer Session's an-
naul trip to Niagara Falls today
through Monday, is ingugurating his
33rd year as consulting expert for
the trip.
The Falls, Professor Scott explain-
ed, are 18 miles north of Lake Erie
and are composed of two distinct
Lakes having an outlet to the Ni-
agara River. With further recession
of the glacier the land, relieved of
the weight of the ice, uplifted and
the Kirkfield Outlet of the Upper'
Great Lakes was raised to a level
above Port Huron causing the water
of all the lakes to flow out through
the Niagara. This caused the for-
.mation of the Lower Great Gorge.
When the ice front again receeded,
a new outlet for the upper lakes, the
Nipissing Lakes, was formed at the
mouth of the Ottawa River, and
again the Niagara served only Lake
Erie, causing the Whirlpool Rapids
section. With another rise in land
the Ottawa River was lifted inau-
Sameul Johnson,'with his celebrat-'
ed Dictionary of the English Lang--]
uage in 1755, was highly influential
in establishing the authoritarian1
principle in language criticism in the
nineteenth century and later, Harold
B. Allen, assistant editor of the Mid-
dle English Dictionary, asserted yes-
terday at the Linguistic Institute
luncheon conference.
Discussing, "The Linguistic Dic-
tatorship of Sameul Johnson," Allen
traced the development of linguistic
opinions during the sixteenth and
seventeenth centuries and then show-
ed how the first English dictionaries,
from 1600 to 1750, represented dif-
ferent editorial practices. The prac-
tice which Johnson adopted, Allen
Though Johnson modified the
practice in several ways, he made no
changes in the principle which he
borrowed from his predecessors. These
principles are largely found in the
neo-classicism and rationalism of the
early eighteenth century. Using the
logical criteria of rationalism, John-
son, according to Allen, actually was
objecting the words and expressions,
by standards not found in the living
language. He thus, in common with
the eighteenth century grammarians
who laid the foundation for presrip-
tive school grammar, repudiated us-
age, even of the best writers whom
he quotes in the Dictionary, as a
basis for correctness in language.
Later dictionary editors, including
WNa- 1, ctr nXaIreent p'd Joh.nson's~