weather Occasional Showers r Y ian ~Iaiti Editorial When Allies Go To War... Official Publication Of The Summer Session VOL. L. No. 16 Z-323 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, JULY 12, 1940 PRICE FIVE CENTS Italians Admit Heavy Losses, Claim British ShipsAre Hit Hood, World's Mightiest Warship, Is Seriously Damaged By Air Force, Rome Reports Declare 20 Days of Warring Depletes Manpower ROME, July 11.--()-Italy, neck deep now in war, listed heavy man- power losses in air and sea today and combined them with claims of damaging bomb hits on the world's mightiest warship, Britain's 41-200- ton battle cruiser Hood, and the 22,000-ton British aircraft carrier Royal Oak. Military headquarters said 151 Italian fliers were lost and 103 wounded in the first 20 days of war against Britain. Moreover, 'Italy's air chief, Gen- eral Francisco Pricolo, disclosed that a great part of the Italian aerial /force of 300 planes which fought the British fleet in the Mediterranean early this week had come home dam- aged, with woundedabroad, and that three planes had not come home at all. Paganini Sunk In another announcement, the burning and sinking of the Italian motorship Paganini, off Durazzo, Al- bania, June 28, was acknowledged, with the loss of 220 Italian officers and men. The cause was withheld. The Italians said the Hood was bombed and set afire and the Ark Royal struck twice with bombs south of the Baleares Islands Tuesday. This was about the time that other Italian and British naval units were fighting a hot, six-hour battle in the Ionian Sea (The British deny that any of their ships were damaged.) Sinking 'Believed' The new and belated Italian com- munique announcing successful ac- tion against the Hood and Ark Royal revised the score of the developing battle of the Mediterranean as it is put forward here: Italian successes claimed: Damage to the Hood and Ark Royal; a sink- ing "believed" to have occurred, "probably a battleship;" the sinking of a destroyer and bomb damage to an unspecified number of other war- ships, classifications not given. Italian losses acknowledged: the 1,073-ton destroyer Zeffiro a sub- marine; three planes and a British hit on a warship that killed 29 and injured 69. Axis Enforces Peace In Balkans BUDAPEST, July *11.-(fi)-The precarious peace of Southeastern Europe, hanging by a thread since Russia's Bessarabian grab, seemed assured of at least temporary con- tinuance tonight. Hungary and Bulgaria again have postponed their territorial claims on Rumania, in deference to Germany's desires: 1. To maintain Southeastern Eu- rope on a full production basis for the Nazi war machine during the battle to conquer Britain. 2. To keep Soviet Russia from using Danubian confusion as an opening for another snatch of stra- tegic territory on the Third Reich's "living space" frontier. The sudden switch-about -appar- ently came early Wednesday-when Hungary had expected Germany and Italy would indorse its dream of im- mediate acquisition of the province of Transylvania, lost in the World War. Niagara Falls Tour Starts Out Today, Returning Monday Participants in the sixth Summer Session exoursion, visiting Niagara Falls and vicinity, will leave Ann Arbor, at 3:30 p.m. today in front 61 Angell Hall, to return at 10 a.m. Monday.. Excursionists will be accompanied HigherEduca lionFals Society, Wilkins Holds Says Social-Mindedness Is Necessary; May Be Made A 'High Nobility' By HARRY M. KELSEY Education has failed, and higher education more than the education of younger students, in respect to preparation for the maintenance of democracy, President Ernest H. Wil- kins of Oberlin College told students and guests of the Graduate Stud'' Program in American Culture and Institutions yesterday in his lecture on "The Social Responsibility' of Education." "YWe have forgotten the hard winning; we have taken for granted that which has hardly been won. We have not been excited about de- mocracy," he stated. "But we owe it to our students, at all levels, to make sure that they understand the dif- ferentiating essentials of democracy, to bringsfrom every possible depart- mental source our testimony as to its excellence and as to its constant peril, and to kindle within them the true and deep and abundant religion of Edemocracy." Society, President Wilkins pointed out, is the creator, father and sup- Mexico Feud Halts Progress Foster Declares Usurping Of Native Wealth Seen As A Basic Cause Of Turbulent Conditions Charges and counter charges be- tween politicians and ecclesiastics who have sought Mexico's gold and conversion to Christianity have strangled her progress, Dr. O. D. Foster, student religious leader who has spent years of study in Mexico, told the fourth luncheon meeting of the Sixth Annual Conference on Re- ligion yesterday. The transition from the numerous pagan idols to Christian images was accomplished so easily by the ignor- ant natives because of a transfer of their ancient symbols and practices to- the religion which the Spaniards brought with their conquests. The continued exploitation of native wealth and resources has been the foundation of the severe economic and political stress which has been achieved by the chaotic trend of the nation's recent history, he added. "Foundations of American culture were cemented by Hebrew mortar," Rabbi Louis Binstock, who has re- cently returned from Germany, Rus- sia and Poland, pointed out in his discussion of "Jews In American Culture," at the regular afternoon forums of the conferences. The continuance of minority sects which in their earliest development tried to revert to the Early Christian Church and the enduring effect of Seventeenth Century political phil- osophers who advocated the separa- tion of Church and State are the two factors responsible for the in- ception of first complete religious freedom known, Dr. William Sweet of the University of Chicago anal- yzed in his discussion of "The Source of Our Religious Liberty." Concluding its week of forums, luncheons and round tables, the Conference will hear Dr. Foster dis- cuss "Religion Today in Mexico." porter of education, which, there, fore, owes to society the recognit- ion and meeting of its educational needs. Society's greatestneeds, he as- serted, is for men and women who are equipped to play their parts well as members of society in the four social fields of home life, earning, citizenship and leisure. The fulfillment of the social re- sponsibility of educationhhowever, depends primarily upon the social- mindedness of those who teach, President Wilkins stated. "Fortun- ately," he said, "social-mindedness is not a thing withheld or established as unchangeable at birth, like blue- ness or browness of eye. It is a qual- ity which, exsisting first as a mere gregariousness, may degenerate into the self-seeking of a mob, or may be sublimated, consciously or uncon- sciously, into a high nobility." "If you would win to that no- bility," he continued, "seek for your- selves the largest possib1e frames of reference in time and space and in the infinite variety of the social ex- perience. And then remember that there is nothing of that which makes up infinity which does not exsist, po- tentially, to be sure, infinitesimally, in the child or the youth who honors you by sitting at your feet." Inorder to thrive, society must recognize the need for both main- tenance and improvement, President Wilkins explained. Thus, hessaid, education must instill in its students the understanding of the necessity of and the will to participate in social maintenance and improvement. Society as a whole, he noted, is more conscious of the need for main- tenance than' the need for improve- ment, while education as a whole is quite as conscious of the need for improvement as it is of 'the need for maintenance. Melhcior Palyi Will Lecture HereMonday Will Discuss Totalitarian Economics In Current American Policy Serie Dr. Melchior Palyi, one of Ger- many's leading economists will pre- sent the third in the current Ameri- can Policy series Monday, speaking on "The Significance for the United States of the Totalitarian Economic Policy" He will talk at 4 p.m. in the Rackham lecture hall. Dr. Palyi, author of numerous ar- ticals and monographs on monetary theory, served as technical expert of the German Republic commission to stabilize the mark after tle great post-war inflation. He left Germany with the rise of the Hitler regime, and joined a Lon- don bank. Since coming to the United States, Dr. Palyi has been visiting Professor of Economics atthe Uni- versity of Chicago. Bomber Crashes Third Term Boom Starts In Congress 64 Representatives Ask Roosevelt Draft; Wiley Starts Move In Senate Democrats In Move Toward Convention WASHINGTON, July 11.-((P- A declaration that President Roose- velt "should accept nomination and continue his aggressive leadership," was issued today by 64 Democratic members of the House, while the Chief Executive continued his stud- ied silence. Rep. Smith (D-Wash.) said that in signing the statement the House members "expressed their ernest de- sire" that Mr. Roosevelt accept a third term nomination from the Democratic National Convention which opens Monday at Chicago. Signatures of members from the mid- west predominated on the statement. White House Silent Third term talk also came from other quarters. Secretary Ickes ex- pressed to reporters his belief that Mr. Roosevelt would accept renom- ination-but explained that this was only his own opinion and that it was based on no word from the President. The White House still had nothing to say about the third term matter. Meanwhile, Democrats began an exodus toward Cchicago. Congress recessed late today until July 22 to give its majority members a chance to attend the convention. Senate Investigation Before the recess, Senator Wiley (R-Wis.) proposed on the Senate floor that the Senate Campaign Ex- penditures Committee investigate a chain postcard which he said was being circulated in Washington to urge President Roosevelt to run for a third term. He made the proposal shortly af- ter the committee had decided that this was insufficient evidence to justify an investigation of reports that a "high pressure" telegraphic, drive was employed in the successful campaign of Wendell Willkie for the Republican presidential nomination. British Children Will Be Helped' By LocalGroup. Appeals to members of the Uni- versity faculty and twonspeope to aid in the evacuation of British chil- dren by contributions of money or by providing a home for the children for' the duration of the war were sent out yesterday. Headed by Prof. John P. Dawson and Prof. E. C. Goddard, both of the Law School, Prof Robert C. Angell and Prof Arthur Dunham of the soci- ology department, and Kenneth Mor- gan, director of the Student Religious association, the committee is work- ing in cooperation with the national committee under the sponsorship of Eleanor Roosevelt. Letters were sent to all members of the faculty to obtain funds and homes for the refugee children it is possible to bring to Canada and the United States. The first group of children will number approximately 5000. A similar monthly quota has been set, Professor Dawson pointed out. The local committee will aid in the evacuation of children through the International Migration Service, pro- viding affidavits of support Professor Dawson announced. Further infor- mation can be obtained from mem- bers of the committee which is tak-' ing part in the collection of $5,000,- 000 for the support of the children in the United States, he said. 'Huge Contracts Let For New Airplanes WASHINGTON, July 11. -(A - Working toward a goal of 25,000, new warplanes in the next two years, the National Defense Commission announced today that $160,000,000 worth of contracts had been awarded since July 1, when funds for the expansion program became avail- able. First plane deliveries are expected German Bombimg Raids; King George VI Escapes Z*) Escapes Nazi Bombs Nazis Continue Incessant Attacks On England; Inflict Heavy Losses LONDON, July 12 (Friday).-(P)-King George of England escaped death or injury by only a few minutes in a German bombing raid at an undisclosed time and place in Southern England, it was disclosed today, after a day and night of constant Nazi air attacks which took a heavy uncounted number of lives. Where the King was visiting when the bombers roared over was not disclosed "for reasons of security," but it was indicated that he left the scene of heavy bombing only a matter of minutes before the raiders struck. Also for "security" reasons the Government did not rdisclose the num- ber of casualties across England, but in an after dusk renewal of the pound- ing of Southern England alone 14 were killed and 47 were wounded. Altogether -the British claimed 22 raiders shot down, 13 of, them bombers, and "many more seriously damaged." The late night communique said one squadron of Hurricanes alone bagged eight German planes and indicated that in the final count the raiders' losses might be well above 22. But uncounted other big bombers and their speedy swarm of escort fighters sliced through, machine-gunning city streets and splintering homes with heavy explosives. Whole towns shook with the force of the biggest blasts. In one south- east town eight heavy bombs smashed into a residential section. (For several days, the British have KING GEORGE VI Bloomfield Tall Will Conclude Language Meet Leading Linguist Scholar To Speak At 7:30 P.M. In Rackham Building Prof. Leonard Bloomfield, chairlt man of the department of linguistics at the University of Chicago and professor-elect at Yale University, concluded the Linguistic Institute's lecture series for the week with his discussion on "The Phoneme," today at 7:30 p.m. in the Rackham Building amphitheater. Originally announced for the first week of the summer session but cancelled because of Professor Bloom- field's illness, this lecture is to be the first of a series of four or five which he will deliver on successive Fridays through the duration of the Institute. Professor Bloomfield, recognized as a leading linguistic scholar in this country, has been closely associated with the work of the Linguistic In- stitute for several years. Two years ago he was a member of the Institute faculty; last year he visited Ann Arbor weekly to present a series of lectures upon the sounds and struc- ture of the Algonquin Indians lang- uages. He is knownafso as theauthor of the standard text and treatise, "Language." Auto Builders Get Orders DETROIT, July 11.-((P))-Mich- igan manufacturers will share in the Navy's $1,140,000,000 expansion pro- gram which calls for construction of 92 combat vessels, William C. Rich- ards, administrative officer of the Michigan Office of Government Re- ports, announced today. avoided giving specific information as to the slain. But it was clear, from the fact that "several" dead were acknowledged in three separate areas, that this time the total of fa- talities was considerable.) The attackers came over in three waves of eight planes. British fight- ers were reported to have destroyed four of them. The British reported a successful raid of their own on the German- held airdrome at Boulogne, France. The almost continuous Nazi at- tacks on England appeared to be intended to master the British skies before the last test for England it- self. Fast-rising British fighting planes and coordinated anti-aircraft fire kept the invaders high in the air and low in bombing efficiency. While the British-German strug- gle crescendoed on the aerial front, there Were other major developments linked with Britain's fight for life: 1.-Foreign Affairs Undersecretary R. A. Butler told the House of Com- mons that success in Britain's at- tempt to make friends with Soviet Russia has "ap>eared more likely since March when the U.S.S.R. made a friendly approach to the Govern- ment and proposed resumption of trade negotiations." 2.-Minister of Agriculture R. S. Hudson acknowledged that Britain faces a food crisis! immeasurably more serious than in 1914 and de- clared-that food production must be increased in the next year to save millions from hunger. Mexico Election Contested MEXICO CITY, July 11.-((41'))- Supporters of Gen. Manuel Avila Ca- macho, administrative candidate, de- clared tonight he had swept into the presidency by a 5 to 1 majority in the counting of Sunday's election, ballots. Gen. Juan Andreu Almazan, how- ever, issued a statement that he him- self would take the oath of office as Mexico's next president December 1 when president Lazaro Cardenas leaves the post. James Murf in, Former Regent, Dies In .Detroit DETROIT, July 11.-((P))--James 0. Murf in, prominent attorney and former University of Michigan Re- gent and State Senator, died at his home here tonight. Murfin, who was 65, had been ill for more than a year. A $200,000 chair in political science was endowed in Murfin's name at the University Just a few months ago. Murfin, native of Portsmouth, O., and graduate of the University, ser- ved as a Regent from 1918 to 1934. In 1900 he was elected to the State Senate and served one term, refusing to run for re-election. From 1908 to 1911 he served on the Circuit Court bench. The widow, Mabelle Chapin Jen- nings Murfin survives. She was his second wife. His first wife was Jane Murfin, playwright and scenarist. Band Festival In Rehearsal Sunday High Concert To Open School Programa I SOMERSET, Pa., July 11.-')-A' big army bomber, crippled by motor trouble, crashed in flames atop Lau- rel Mountain in the Alleghenies "graveyard of aviators" late today after the pilot, Lieut. N. R. Dick of Wright Field, Dayton, 0., leaped to his death. ZeS fGtol ral Prhf. Senit Anali Samuel Johnson's Dictatorship' Influential, H. B. Allen Declares .Z . 4 In. 1 W - w.7 - - ,J N ./ .YXN-Y- Formations Of Niagara Falls As a climax to a week of inten- sive training and rehearsals, the 136 high school musicians, assembled here for the fifth annual band clinic, will present a concert at 4:15 p.m. Sun- day in Hill Auditorium. High school musicians represent- ing nine states are assembled In Ann Arbor for the Clinic, sponsored each year by the School of Music under the direction of William D. Revelli. Presenting a three-week seession of instruction in all phasses of band work, from individual instruction to full band rehearsals, the Clinic will include concerts at the end of each week. Cleo G. Fox of Kalamazoo and Dale C. Harris of Pontiac, both mem- bers of the Clinic faculty, will con- duct the first public concert Sunday. In addition to the series of three concerts, the Clinic band will also be featured in two half-hour radio broadcasts, a solo and an emsemble recital, all to be announced in The Daily. Film Series DueMonday A preview of educational films, de- signed especially for classroom use, will be presented under the auspices of the Visual Education Classes of. Prof. F. Dean McClusky of the edu- cation school at 2 p.m. daily begin- By MYRON DANN, The entire system of gorges and rapids of the Niagara Falls section were cut and are being cut by the pressure of the water running over them, Prof Irving D. Scott of the geology department told a large aud- ience in the Natural Science auditor- ium yesterday.% Professor Scott speaking in antici- pation of the Summer Session's an- naul trip to Niagara Falls today through Monday, is ingugurating his 33rd year as consulting expert for the trip. The Falls, Professor Scott explain- ed, are 18 miles north of Lake Erie and are composed of two distinct Lakes having an outlet to the Ni- agara River. With further recession of the glacier the land, relieved of the weight of the ice, uplifted and the Kirkfield Outlet of the Upper' Great Lakes was raised to a level above Port Huron causing the water of all the lakes to flow out through the Niagara. This caused the for- .mation of the Lower Great Gorge. When the ice front again receeded, a new outlet for the upper lakes, the Nipissing Lakes, was formed at the mouth of the Ottawa River, and again the Niagara served only Lake Erie, causing the Whirlpool Rapids section. With another rise in land the Ottawa River was lifted inau- Sameul Johnson,'with his celebrat-' ed Dictionary of the English Lang--] uage in 1755, was highly influential in establishing the authoritarian1 principle in language criticism in the nineteenth century and later, Harold B. Allen, assistant editor of the Mid- dle English Dictionary, asserted yes- terday at the Linguistic Institute luncheon conference. Discussing, "The Linguistic Dic- tatorship of Sameul Johnson," Allen traced the development of linguistic opinions during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and then show- ed how the first English dictionaries, from 1600 to 1750, represented dif- ferent editorial practices. The prac- tice which Johnson adopted, Allen Though Johnson modified the practice in several ways, he made no changes in the principle which he borrowed from his predecessors. These principles are largely found in the neo-classicism and rationalism of the early eighteenth century. Using the logical criteria of rationalism, John- son, according to Allen, actually was objecting the words and expressions, by standards not found in the living language. He thus, in common with the eighteenth century grammarians who laid the foundation for presrip- tive school grammar, repudiated us- age, even of the best writers whom he quotes in the Dictionary, as a basis for correctness in language. Later dictionary editors, including WNa- 1, ctr nXaIreent p'd Joh.nson's~