I
Shadow And Substance
aw m14 Igan Daly
Sixty-Seventh Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTSOF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241
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"When Opinions Are Free
Truth Will Prevail"
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or
the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 2, 1958 NIGHT EDITOR: WILLIAM HANEY
CAMPAIGN:
Farm Policy
Crucial Issue
By MICHAEL KRAFT
PERHAPS most crucial of the domestic issues in this year's election
is the recurring farm problem.
The farmer, caught between rising costs and declining farm prices,
is being ardently wooed by the Democrats who pledge a return to high
rigid. price supports as a means of raising farm income.
Defending his policies of flexible price supports, President Eisen-
hower insists the decline is due to the huge surpluses which have de-
pressed market prices. Charging that "no farmer nor any citizen will
trust politicians who go into cities and denounce inflation, then come
to the country to promise loose credit," Mr. Eisenhower maintains
President Clearly States
American Position
rHE REPUBLICAN Peace Dove-a bit bat-
tered by the events of the past few days-
took to the air waves Wednesday night as
President Eisenhower spoke on the developing
crises in Eastern Europe and the Mideast.
The President said that his comments had
no connection whatsoever with partisanship,
and as much as some Democrats would like to
disagree-for political reasons, the address
was noticeably free of the usual undocumented
political statements accompanying the present
election campaign.
We believe Mr. Eisenhower's position is the
sensible one. We believe that he took the only
position as President that could be taken,
regardless of political affiliation. Our only
criticism is that he over-simplified the develop-
mental history of the uprisings in Poland and
Hungary and the Israeli march on Egypt.
For instance, while many citizens of these
countries did aid our cause in the American
Revolution, as Mr. Eisenhower says, this does
not eliminate the need for "education in the
worth of national independence and personal
liberty." The generation which fought in the
Revolution is obviously not the same generation
which exists today. Many of the people in
these countries have never known freedom,
and it is much harder for them to appreciate it
than for those who have lost and forfeited
previously-held freedom.
IN SPITE of such simplified analyses as these,
the President deserves commendation for his
remarks concerning specific ways in which the
government is reacting to the .Eastern Europe
and Mideast situations. Regarding Poland,
Hungary, Rumania and other countries at-
tempting to free themselves from the Soviet
orb, Mr. Eisenhower explained that the United
States has offered economic assistance to their
new, independent governments.
More important-and we hope that Messrs.
Dulles and Nixon are a little more consistent
on this point than they were on "neutralism"-
the President said, "We have also publicly
declared that we do not demand of these
governments their adoption of any particular
form of society as a condition upon our eco-
nomic assistance." This government, he noted,
has no ulterior purpose of enlisting these new
governments as military allies.
His most telling attack on the rash action of
Britain and France came when he said, "There
can be, no peace without law. And there can
be no law if we work to invoke one code of
international conduct for those who oppose,
and another for our friends."
MR. EISENHOWER clearly expressed the in-
consistency of the British-French action
with the principles of the United Nation of
which both nations are members. "We are
forced to doubt that resort to force and war
will for long serve the permanent interests of
the attacking nations."
As for future United States action, the
President set forth a strong two-prong program
of attempting to localize the fighting and con-
tinuing efforts to obtain UN action. He served
notice that United States defeat in the Security
Council Tuesday would not stop our efforts
to work through the UN. The government will
take the matter to the General Assembly,
where, "with no veto operating, the opinion of
the world can be brought to bear."
President Eisenhower's speech was a clean
chastisement of Britain and France and a notice
that the United States would not, like its allies,
employ the same methods to prevent a con-
flict which were used to start it.
--RICHARD SNYDER
Editor
Possible Consequences
Of 'Arab' Demonstration
A DEMONSTRATION occurring in the Wash-
tenaw-Hilt -area 3onday night was not, as
the Union President said Wednesday, "A com-
pletely harmless release of tensions."
The large group of turban-crowned men who
went from fraternity to fraternity chanting
"Guns for the Arabs" probably didn't intend
their demonstration as racial bias. It might not
have looked that way to many bystanders, how-
ever.
The demonstration was broken up quickly, so
it had no chance to erupt into anything more
serious than, in the Inter-Fraternity Council
President's words, "Good, clean fun."
Whether members of the group were affiliates
or independents; Jews or Gentiles doesn't mat-
ter much. Nor does thedapparent harmlessness
of the situation. It could have been interpreted,
both on campus and outside the University, as
real evidence of racial bias, with serious conse-
quences.
We hope students will think more carefully
about the possible ramification of such a prank,
and in the future seek "harmless release of
tensions" elsewhere.
--TAMMY MORRISON
E':r+ T'IE C A%, eS4 11'c - poS c
TODAY AND TOMORROW:
Disaster in the Middle East
By WALTER LIPPMANN
ALTHOUGH this government
was not consulted, it knew to-
ward the end of last week that
Israel was mobilizing, it believed
that this meant a serious military
action, and it had at least an in-
formed guess that this would not
be happening without Paris and
London knowing about it. When
the Israeli Army struck on Mon-
day, the President and his advi-
sors decided, quite rightly, to take
the affair to the U.N. But there
were two ways of takinghit to the
U.N. and they chose the wrong
one.
One was to seize the whole bor-
der problem, to recognize that it
is a two-sided problem, and to call
for measures to restrain the
Egyptian raids as well as the Is-
raeli reprisals. The other way was
the one which the President and
Secretary Dulles took. This was to
ignore the Egyptian raids, to treat
Israel as the aggressor and Egypt
as the innocent victim.
This was a grave mistake of
policy, indefensible in principle
and in fact entirely unrealistic
and impracticable.
*+* *
IT WAS INDEFENSIBLE to ig-
nore, and thus to condone, the ex-
treme provocation of the Egyp-
tian raids. The resolution which
Mr. Lodge submitted to the U.N.
would, had it been adopted, have
guaranteed the Egyptians behind
their frontier but not the Israelis
behind theirs. It would have made
Egyptian territory a United Na-
tions sanctuary from which the
fedayeen raiders could operate
without fear of reprisal.
Almost certainly the explana-
tion of this policy decision is that
those in authority did not realize
what it meant, that there was a
little panic in Washington and
that there was no cool delibera-
tion.
Had therehbeen, how could the
makers of this policy have failed
to see that Britain and France,
which are in a bitter cold war
with Nasser, could never conceiv-
ably support a policy so one-
sidedly favorable to Nasser? I
would have supposed that anyone
could have foreseen what hap-
pened -- that if we forced the is-
sue we would get a veto by our
allies and support from the Soviet
Union.
WiHAT CAUSED the explosion?
The sequence of events shows, I
think, that Col. Nasser, con-
vinced that he had won his fight
over Suez, moved on promptly to
work out another step in his
.grandiose plans to become the
master of the Arab world. While
the Suez crisis was hot, Nasser
suspended his war against Is-
rael and there were no raids.
When the Suez crisis had passed.
the raids began again, accompan-
ied by military measures to bring
Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon with-
in Nasser's orbit.
His behavior convinced the Is-
raelis that they could not live
with him. It convinced the Brit-
ist and the French that not only
would they get nowhere with him
in a Suez negotiation but that he
was t h e i r implacable enemy
throughout North Africa and the
Middle East. Had Nasser been rea-
sonable, moderate, and states-
manlike after his victory in the
Suez affair, this explosion would
probably not have occurred. But
he is the typical aggressor-dicta-
tor who will not stop until he is
stopped. That is why once again
a policy of appeasement has failed
to preserve the peace.
,FOR THE TIME being this
country has no policy in the Mid-
dle East. The policy on which we
operated is in ruins. It was to re-
strain Britain, France, and Israel
from using force-which was a
most desirable objective. But
what this policy has lacked was
any constructive plan-such as
might have been developed out of
the Indian proposals - which
looked towards a settlement in
the Middle East. The result was
that we restained the British, the
French and the Israelis, but not
Nasser. This led to the explosion
which has blown our Middle Eas-
tern policy to bits.
President Eisenhower's formula
as a peace-maker has been to stop
the shooting and, without work-
ing out a settlement, to have both
sides accept the status quo. Why
has the formula not worked this
time? Because this time there
was Nasser who does not and will
not accept the status quo, who is
so great akdisturber of the peace
that those who are hurt by him
cannot take it forever.
1956New York Herald Tribune Inc.
Useful Election
Whatever happens next Novem-
ber 6, this year's Presidential cam-
paign has already fulfilled one of
nature's impish but constant pur-
poses, which is the periodic con-
founding of experts.
Around the beginning of August
the re-election of Dwight Eisen-
hower by an overwhelming margin
was all but taken for granted.
Soothsayer George Gallup's pre-
liminary study of pigeon entrails
showed the President leading Adlai
Stevenson by sixty-one per cent to
thirty-seven, and it was generally
felt that the Democrats' chances
lay only in war abroad, a sharp
business recession at home, or a
setback in the President's health.
that the surpluses are the result
high rigid (90% parity) price sup-
ports, "a wartime measure which
should never have been contin-
ued in peacetime."
The President maintains that
his flexible support program, un-
der which supports drop as sup-
ply increases, will gradually cut
surpluses and raise prices.
Strongly pressing for a return
to 90% of parity, the Democrats
hold that two year's experience
proves flexible supports will not
substantially cut surpluses or
raise prices. They argue that with
Improved fertilizers and better
farming methods, surpluses are
(without drastic production con-
trols) inevitable until population
catches up with production. Mean-
while, they say, the farmer should
have high supports to protect him
against severe price drops.
Specific proposals of the Demo-
crats include: the addition of live-
stock and poultry to the support
program, direct payments to far-
mers to curtail production when
price supports threatened crea-
tion of surpluses, and provisions
for the extension of farm credit.
Meanwhile, the administration
proposes a solution by offering
soil bank payments for withdraw-
1Ag acres from production, some
increases in support policy above
the level prescribed by the flexible
program, higher market prices for
cattle, wheat and milk, and gov-
ernment purchases of eggs and
turkeys.
TURNING to more general as-
pects of American economy, Presi-
dent Eisenhower suggested that
the main campaign issue was "the
management of America's affairs
at home." He stressed the Republi-
can insistence on a "sound dol-
lar," a goal that he thought the
"Democrats are not particularly
concerned with."
Previously, his Democratic op-
ponent Adlai E. Stevenson charged
the administration had "given
away public resources to private
companies. The Republicans," he
charges, "had gotten a bigger tax
cut for corporations and their
stock holders," with "73 cents out
of every tax cut dollar "going to
corporations and only nine cents
going to "the four families out of
five that make less than $5,000 a
year."
Hitting hard at the targets of
labor, small business and old age
voters, Stevenson charged that
"Eisenhower's administration has
reflected the philosophy of his
party .... that the nation should
be governed by the 'rich and well-
born'." The "little man," he says,
"is in danger of being swallowed
up by big corporations in alliance
with big government."
The President answered by say-
ing that "anti-trust action has
never been more strict and effec-
tive than in the last four years,"
with "54 new anti-trust actions
started in 1955." He added that
"We, not they, created the Small
Business Administration as an in-
dependent peacetime agency," and
"the share of defense contracts
going to small business during the
last three fiscal years is well above
the preceding three."
of over-production stimulated by
TO PREVIOUS Democratic
charges that "the government has
done nothing to check inflation,"
Eisenhower noted that "the cost
of living soared almost 50% in the
last seven years under the pre-
vious administration and it has
risen less than three. per cent
under this administration."
Replying to claims "that this
administration cares nothing for
... 'the little fellow'," the Presi-
dent emphasized that "social se-
curity has been extended to in-
clude 10 million more workers. Un-
employment insurance has been
extended to four million more
workers and its benefits increased
. . at our urging for, many more
millions. In September," Mr. Eis-
enhower added, "the unemploy-
ment rate in America was the
lowest it's been in 20 years."
Pressing the attack, Mr. Steven-
son accused Eisenhower of a
"gross misstatement" in claiming
the Republicans had enlarged so-
cial security, increased the mini-
mum wage, halted the farm decline
and the cost of living rise.
Stevenson insisted that where
progress was made, it was usually
on Democratic initiative and
against Republican opposition.
HILL AUDITORIUM:
Gren fell
Delights
J UST as her press agents prom-
ised, Joyce Grenfell put on "a
delightful evening of comedy and
songs" last night in Hill Auditor-
ium.
Miss Grenfell is known to most
Americans for supporting roles
in some dozen or more British
comedies (e.g., "Genevieve," "The
Belles of St. Trinians," "A Run for
Your Money"), but her perform-
ances have usually been brief. It
is therefore with some surprise
that one discovers Miss Grenfell
possesses the versatility and tal-
ent to sustain an entire evening's
program with only the aid of ac-
companist George Bauer.
Informality is, of course, the
tone of Miss Grenfell's program,
and in an age where almost ev-
eryone wants to relax, Miss Gren
fell knows how to amuse her audi-
ence with charm, subtlety and hu-
mor.
* * *
MISS GRENFELL'S program is
divided into sketches and songs.
Her sketches are generally of the
social-satire type and they are
quite often of the most subtle va-
riety, where the bite is carefully
obscured under smiles and charm.
It is quite in order to emphasize
that they are "subtle," an attri-
bute only spasmodically per-
ceived by last night's audience.
Among the best sketches was
the one about a New Yorker who
entrusts her life and her prob-
lems to a "doctor," one of those
popular gentlemen who profess
to solve one's day-to-day dilem-
mas. In thisinstance the doctor's
advice is to "stop thinking."
Other fine bits presented by
Miss Grenfell concern the very
young girl who "scribbles" and
gets an opportunity to meet her
favorite naturalistic writer; the
nursery school teacher who in-
structs the tots in the delicate art
of imitating flowers; the writer
of children's books whose writing
technique is to let the books write
themselves while her husband
counts the returns.
Some of these little vignettes
are, as might be expected, not
nearly as good as others. The
"Committee Women" sketch and
the sketch about a collector of
folk songs have been done a few
too many times (especially by
Anna Russell) to provide a suf-
ficient outlet for originality. And
the rather serious bit about a
teacher who is forced to pit lit-
erature against a mechanistic
world seemed somehow out of
place.
But, by and large, Miss Gren-
fell's sketches are imaginative
and clever and she proves a mar-
velously amusing performer.
* * *
IN THE vocal department, Miss
Grenfell is rather weak and re-
stricts herself to British musical-
hall comedy songs: about the Ed-
,a
Cobo's Detroit Record
Shows Government of Action
ICHIGAN VOTER'S duty to their state is
to vote Republican November 6. Without
a Republican governor, Michigan will find it
difficult to follow President Dwight D. Eisen-
hower's program of progress and prosperity.
Michigan Republicans unanimously agreed
at their state convention this spring that
Detroit Mayor Albert E. Cobo is their most
promising gubernatorial candidate. It is now
up to the Michigan voters to dislodge Demo-
cratic-incumbent G. Mennen (Soapy) Williams
whose party has become a defeatist party.
The Republicans certainly could not have
picked a better candidate. In nearly 25 years
of public service, Cobo has always put citizens'
interests first. Thousands of Detroiters own
their own homes because of Cobo's seven year
tax plan that saved Detroit during the Depres-
sion.
Detroit's faith in Cobo has paid off. The
people in Detroit have elected him to office for
three successive terms. In, this relatively short
period of time he has undertaken a mammoth
program of public improvements.
These projects, totaling almost seven million
dollars are all either completed or now in pro-
cess of construction. They include construc-
tion of highways, the country's top parks and
recreation program, slum clearance, and con-
verting Detroit's waterfront into a beautiful
Civic Center.
ALL THIS has been accomplished with a debt
decrease of twenty million dollars and a
tax increase of only 2%i2c per $1000 of valuation
since Cobo took office.
Cobo's most significant achievement has been
Editorial Staff
RICHARD SNYDER, Editor
RICHARD HALLORAN LEE MARKS
Editorial Director City Editor
Business Staff
DAVID SILVER, Business Manager
MILTON GOLDSTEIN.....Associate Business Manager
WILLIAM PUSCH.................. Adertising Manager
his highway program, financed by revrenue
bonds, which is responsible for the construction
of highways throughout the state. This has
given Michigan one of the best highway systems
in the country.
Other states are now adopting the "Cobo
Revenue Bond Program." Had Williams shown
a little more financial insight Michigan would
have had more and better highways a long
time ago. Instead, a city mayor had to impro-
vise a plan.
Cobo's accomplishments demonstrate his
administrative ability and leadership. He has
succeeded in getting the cooperation of all
federal, state, and county officials, including
300 citizens who are serving as commissioners
and committee members without pay.
The balancing of the state budget without
an increase in taxes have been achieved by the
Republicans. Several times the legislature had
to turn down haphazard proposals by the
governor which would have increased our debt
and taxes.
Williams' most recent proposal entailed rais-
ing Michigan's unemployment compensation
and extending it from 26 to 39 weeks. Some
workers would have received almost as much
as 95 per cent of their regular pay. Such a
plan is unrealistic because it would have
him from competing effectively with business
him fro mcompeting effectively with businesses
in other states.
SEEING THE DEFECT in the proposal, Cobo
suggested that the rate be increased but
should last not more than 32 weeks. This coun-
ter proposal demonstrated the superior eco-
nomic insight of the mayor.
However, one cannot entirely blame Williams
for this unrealistic plan which was actually
proposed by Walter Reuther, the CIO's fast-
rising political leader. No Democratic governor
would dare to refuse a Reuther proposal and
hope to stay in office.
In contrast, Cobo has run his administration
in a businesslike manner. No labor leader or
businessman has run Cobo. He has given no
special favors to anyone.
While Cobo has been campaigning on his
excellent record, Williams has been running
4
SGC IN REVIEW:
Of Rate Hike, Cables, Bias and Bikes
By TAMMY MORRISON
Daily Staff Writer
THERE'S a room-and-board hike
in the air.
Student Government Council
took positive steps Wednesday
night to forestall such action, by
approving a study of residence
halls financing,
It's become increasingly ob-
vious that the much-touted self-
liquidating plan just isn't work-
ing. In two years, room-and-board
has gone up $70. This year, Uni-
versity employes may seek a raise,
and if the Business Office can't
get a corresponding increase from
the State Legislature, residence
hall dwellers will once more be
paying through the nose as well
as the pocketbook.
In initiating its short-range fi-
nance study, SGC showed com-
mendable (and, unfortunately, un-
usual) foresight. The study will
be completed in January, shortly
before a dorm raise, if any, is an-
nounced by the Business Office.
At that time, the Council will have
before it an evaluation of self-
In studying long-range housing
problems and a committee of the
Residence Halls Board of Gover-
nors is investigating long-range
finance problems. Neither is ex-
pected to have a complete report
by January. Certainly major at-
tention needs to be directed to
long-range problems of lack of
housing and rising enrollment, but
the immediate problem is to fore-
stall another room and board hike.
* * *
THE COUNCIL voted to send
congratulatory cables to student
groups in Hungary and Poland.
The cables read:
"Student Government Council
of the University of Michigan en-
dorses the universal principles of
academic freedom and university
autonomy, supports your efforts to
attain these goals and sends best
wishes for success. Student Gov-
ernment Council stands ready to
offer assistance within its means
should you so request."
The cables will probably be
broadcast over Radio Free Europe,
and will reach a great portion of
fighting for something as nebu-
lous yet essential as academic
freedom, it might be of great help
to know that a great university,
even one thousands of miles away,
eyes your struggle with approval.
And what with McCarthyite
manifestations such as the Lec-
ture Committee existing here,
perhaps it should be the Polish
and Hungarian students who cable
their sympathies to us!
* * *
SGC'S HUMAN Relations Board
presented a report to the Council
Wednesday night.
The Board is one of SGC's more
mysterious functions, but it oper-
ates in secret for a purpose. It
considers cases involving discrim-
ination against students in both
the -University and City commu-
nities, an dsecrecy is essential
if it is to be effective.
Composed of seven students,
three Ann Arbor businessmen,
Vice-President Lewis and a mem-
ber of the Ann Arbor Civic For-
um, the Board will add a law pro-
fessor to its ranks in the near
its work is among the most im-
portant SGC has initiated. The
Wednesday report was encourag-
ing.
** *
MILITARY Counseling will be
studied after all.
The general counseling study
has completed its questionnaires
and was unable to include a mili-
tary counseling study, as SGC re-.
quested it do last week.
So the Education and Social
Welfare Committee will investi-
gate this area, covering deferrment
policies, reserve programs and al-
ternative choices for military
service, and will present a re-
port Dec. 12. And none too soon,
in view of the Middle East situ-
ation.
* * *
THE CAMPUS Affairs Commit-
tee is taking its life in its hands
and will go to the City with a pro-
posal that Ann Arbor eliminate a
few of the parking places at the
corner of North University and
State St. and replace them with
bike racks.
x