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ien Opinions Are Free,
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Sixty-Sixth Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
STUDENT PUBLICATIONS.BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone No 2-3241
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views of the writers only. This must be noted in all reprints.
'HURSDAY, JANUARY 12, 1956 NIGHT EDITOR: LEE MARKS
Eisenhower Drops Election Hint,
But Interpretations Differ
Tb* A jP
ARCH. AUD.:
Karloff
Tireless
THE NATION'S press has been increasingly
full of speculation on the decision of Dwight
D. Eisenhower.
'Newsweek' magazine, for example, goes out
on a limb in a recent issue as it confidefitly
states: "More and more of the President's
intimates gained the feeling that he definitely
was planning to run again."
The cover of 'U.S. News and World Report'
screams: "Could Ike Serve A Second Term?
3 out of 5 HEART SPECIALISTS SAY: 'YES'
In Answer To Poll."
Having consulted and publicized such ex-
pert opinion, newsmen had a chance Sunday
to ask the all-but-forgotten man in the question
what his thoughts on the subject were.
The President indicated that he had made
a tentative decision; "my mind is not fixed to
such an extent that it can't be changed." He
offered some pointed hints as to what that
decision might be.
The President opened the conference by
saying "I feel very much better-stronger-
and much more able to get about."
But when a reporter asked a question on
the assumption that his health would be a
larger factor in his decision than before the
attack, the President replied: "That is correct.
Remember this: now it is not merely what the
doctors say ... It is a very critical thing to
change governments in this country at a time
that it is unexpected-(We accustom ourselves
and so do foreign governments, to changing
our government every four years, but some-
thing always happens'that is untoward when
a government' is changed at other times.) It
is a rather startling thing. They tell me that
there was even some disturbance in the stock
market at the time I got sick-I didn't know it
till six weeks later."
The implications are clear.
There has been much discussion lately over
the President's sense of duty; all agree he has
a great one, but they disagree as to its transla-
tion into political terms for 1956. Some say
the President's sense of duty will force him-
as the Republican Party's and the nation's
indispensable man-to run again. Others say
that a standard maxim of military duty is never
to send a sick man, or one whose health cannot
be relied on, into the field.
A REPORTER asked the President, "If you.
feel able, and the doctors concur in that,
do you feel a sense of duty to run again?"
Acknowledging his own sense of duty, the Pres-
ident said, "that would have something to do
with it.
"But I really believe that there are factors
which I would be ready to talk about publicly
at a particular time. And I have them all
marshaled in my mind. And one of them is a
sense of duty. But where does the sense of duty
point, and who determines what the duty is?
That is a very tricky question when you go into
the problem."
One can only guess at what Mr. Eisenhower
was suggesting, but-he is clearly not endorsing
unqualifiedly the notion that duty will compel
him to run.
The President, if he is not planning to run
again, has a real interest in keeping his plans
a secret, both by way of keeping Congress in
line and postponing an all-out battle for the
Republican nomination. If the President does
plan on running again, there seems little point
in dropping large-sized hints that he does not.
TWO REACTIONS to the press conference
might be noted. The tables were turned on
reporters who attended when they were asked
"On the basis of the President's remarks, do you
think he will or will not run again?" Newsmen
predicted he wouldn't, eleven to three.
But Walter Trohan, the Chicggo Tribune's
Washington correspondent, reported, "Republi-
cans tonight were confident that President
Eisenhower will lead them to victory in 1956
... The rank and file for the Republican party
took heart from the physical vigor and mental
alertness evidenced by Mr. Eisenhower's voice
and his answers to questions . . . They expressed
confidence that he will not desert them in their
hour of need."
Perhaps, if less attention had been paid to
the President's vigor and alertness in answer-
ing and more to what he said, the GOP might
better evaluate its "hour of need."
-PETE ECKSTEIN
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In '.door'
"THE Strange Door" is a real
old-fashioned thriller replete
with a gloomy old castle, black-
hearted villains, heinous crimes,
and Boris Karloff slinking mor-
osely about as scary a set as a
crew of carpenters has ever been
able to erect upon a Hollywood
sound stage.
In this one Boris is on the side
of Good for once, and it is he who
steals the show. The man is
simply amazing. He takes two
bullets In the chest, is stabbed in
the back, swims across a swift-
flowing river, kills two foul black-
guards ,and then, in one last burst
of superhuman energy, manages.
to rescue our heroes from the jaws
of utter disaster. He does a mam-
moth job, and he certainly de-
serves much credit and apprecia-
tion.
Based on Robert Louis Steven-
son's famous adventure, "The Sire
de Malatroit's Door," the film tells
the story of the wickedness of the
Sire de Malatroit, a 17th century
French nobleman. The Sire tricks
a young rogue, who is being pur-
sued by a mob of vigilantes, into
taking refuge in his castle. He
then proceeds to hold the young
man prisoner and to try to force
him to marry his beautiful young
niece. From here on in the ac-
tion is a series of flights from one
strange (and usually secret) door
to the next. The rogue and the
niece try to escape, Karloff stabs
a few scoundrels, and amid all the
sound and the fury, the torture
and killing, the wicked old Sire
goeson laughing sadistically.
It all ends happily, however, and
when it does you wonder what has
become of the eighty minutes
which have elapsed since you en-
tered the auditorium. The film
really moves fast. Robert Louis
Stevenson fans will be enthralled
by it.
Charles Laughton is sufficiently
evil as the odious Sire de Malatroit
and Sally Forrest, as his niece, is
easy to look at. Karloff is, of
course, masterful-and indefatig-
able.
--Phil Breen
DAILY
OFFICIA
BULLETN
WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND: =.
Plan Civil Rights Battle
By DREW PEARSON
I
TODAY AND TOMORROW:'
Congress and the Press
THE Eastland Sub-Committee announced last
week that "this phase of our hearing is
closed for the present." This phase has had to
do with Communist infiltration of the news-
paper press, and the specific target has been
"The New York Times."-
The Committee has shown that over a period
of some twenty years there have been employed
on "The Times" some thirty men who have
at one time or another been Communists. Con-
sidering that there are now more than 4,000
employees, considering how many thousands
more must have worked for "The Times" in
the course of twenty years, the percentage of
the infiltrators has been minute. More signi-
ficantly, almost all of them have held quite
subordinate jobs, and none of them has nearly
enough editorial authority to exercise any dis-
cernible influence upon the news and opinions
of the newspaper.
The objective test of whether there has in
fact been infiltration is whether or not the
pages of "The New York Times" show any
evidence of the) suppression or distortion of
news by the members of the staff.
If the paper had indeed been subverted, any
competent investigator would have been able
to point to the evidence that the Communist
infiltrators ha.d served their cause in the pages
of "The New York Times." As the Eastland
Sub-Committee has offered no such evidence,
has not even hinted that it could offer such
evidence, it is as certain as anything can be
that there is no such evidence.
W HAT the hearings have shown is that the
paper has at one time or another employed
a very small number of Communists, and that
these Communists have not infiltrated, have
not in any visible way subverted, what the
paper has thought/ fit to print.
But while the investigation of "The New York
Times" is a dud, the affair of this investigation
has raised a hard question about the freedom
of the press and about the rights and duties
of newspapermen. Does Congress have the
power to investigate the press, and if it has,
what if any are the limits of that power?
There is no clear and authoritative answer
to the question for the very good reason that
it is in American experience a radically new
question. Not for many generations, if ever
before in our history, has any organ of gov-
ernment clamed the power to examine and to
pass judgment upon who shall work on news-
papers.
The law on the subject has not been tested
and it is not clear. Judicial opinion ranges
LITER LIPPMANN I
committees will tend to push the limits of
their power as far as the newspapers and pub-
lic opinion permits. The law on the subject is
not set. It is now being made by what we
all do and do not do.
The crucial question posed by the Eastland
Committee is whether Congress has the power
to censor the individual employees of a news-
paper. If a Congressional committee has that
power in case of employees who are, have been,
or are charged with being Communists, what
is to stop future Congressional committees from
censoring newspaper employment on other
grounds
Let the political climate change, let it be-
come again like that of the '30s, on what le-
gal ground is Congress to be challenged if it
chooses to investigate the influence on the press
of corporate interests, if, for example, it de-
mands a public accounting of the financial
connections and interests of publishers, edi-
tors, and reporters?
Once it is the accepted principle that Con-
gress has power to set up standards of news-
paper employment, the inner spirit andmthe
practical meaning of the First Amendment
will be deeply impaired. Congress has, of course,
no power to pass laws dealing with the stand-
ards of newspaper employment. Has it- the
right to -do the same thing by the power to
investigate?
As exercised by latter day Congressional com-
mittees, the power to investigate is a treimen-
dous instrument, combining the power to make
laws, to. enforce those laws, to judge -and to
punish men under those laws. This tremend-
ous instrument can be, notoriously it has been,
used to harass, to intimidate, to punish, and to
destroy.
T HE question therefore is whether the news-
paper profession shall assent to or shall
oppose the claim that Congress has the power
to investigate the editorial management of
newspapers. The hiring or firing of employees
is an essential and central part of the editing
of a newspaper. My own view is that no part
of the editorial management should, that no
part can under the First Amendment, be ceded
legitimately to Congress. If we who are con-
nected with newspapers acquiesce in the right
to Congress to censor on any grounds what-
ever newspaper employment, we shall have
opened the way to a grave invasion of the
freedom of the press.
It has been said, among others by "The New
York Times" itself, that the press is not sacro-
sanct and that the right of "any investigation
of the press by any agency of Congress" should
T HE FIRST backstage meeting
on the most dynamite-laden
question before this Congress was
held in the office of Congressman
Hugh Scott of Philadelphia last
week to discuss the protection of
Negroes in the Deep South and
Civil rights generally.
At the meeting were Congress-
men Jimmy Roosevelt of Los An-
geles, Dick Bolling of Kansas City,
Adam Clayton Powell of Harlem,
N. Y., and Charles Diggs of Detroit.
The latter two are among the
three Negroes in Congress, all
Democrats.
Though the meeting was held in
Congressman Scott's office, he was
the only Republican present. An-
other meeting which two other
Republicans want to attend, Wol-
verton of Camden, N. J., and Hes-
selton of Western Massachusetts,,
is scheduled for today (Jan. 12).
CHIEF STRATEGY decided on
was to abandon any attempt to
pass an FEPC-Fair Employment
Practices Act - but concentrate
everything on an omnibus bill
guaranteeing the Negroes' right to
vote and his physical protection.
This bill would be in two parts:
1. Protection of voting rights
by abolishing the poll tax, pre-
venting terrorism at the polls,
giving the Justice Department
broad powers to probe any attempt
to deprive Negroes of voting rights
in either federal or local elections.
2. A general anti-lynching bill
which would also apply to drown-
ing, or any other type of violence
based on race, creed, or color,
regardless of state lines.
* * * '
THE MEETING in Congressman
Scott's office took place immedi-
ately after a group of Georgia
Congressmen, including Lanham,
Davis and Forrester, had spent an
hour on the House floor excoriat-
ing "niggers." The Congressional
Record was cleaned up afterward
and some of their most vitriolic
language censored.,
Congressman Diggs, first Negro
ever elected from Detroit, brought
with him an 18-page legal memo
proposing that the congressmen
from Mississippi-scene of the Till
murder - be unseated on the
ground that they were not elected
by all the voters of Mississippi.
The memo was prepared by
Frank Polhaus, whom Truman had
appointed head of the Justice De-
partment Civil Rights Division,
and turned out to be an exhaustive
document going back to Thaddeus
Stevens in Civil War days and
showing that a move to unseat a
Congressman does not have to be
made at the opening of Congress.
THE BACKSTAGE meeting
agreed that by dropping the hot
FEPC bill and emphasizing the.
Negro's right to vote and physical
protection, they could get a bill
acceptable to both political parties.
Congressman Powell pointed out
that although Eisenhower last
year has called his anti-segrega-
tion amendment to the school bill
"extraneous and erroneous," GOP
leaders Joe Martin and Charlie
Halleck were now behind his
amendment.
The backstage meeting in Scott's
office decided on the following
immediate strategy:
1. Congressman Scott was to
find out from Max Rabb of the
White House staff at the White
House how far Eisenhower was
willing to go to help a civil-rights
bill. Scott was also to contact
William Rogers, Deputy Attorney
General, to see what reports the
Justice Department had on the
Till murder case and what legis-
lation it had in mind to prevent'
its repetition.
2. CONGRESSMAN Roosevelt
was to talk to Congressman Celler
(Dem., N. Y.) of the Judiciary
Committee to see how far he would
go in pushing a civil-rights bill,
3. Congressman Bolling of
Kansas City was to talk to Speaker
Sam Rayburn and Sen. Lyndon
Johnson of Texas to get their co-
operation.
"There's no use talking to the
Senate Judiciary Committee," re-
marked Bolling. "It's what Lyn-
don Johnson wants to do that
counts."
Another move is to demand that
Congressman Percy Priest of Ten-
nessee carry out his pledge to
report out the anti-Jim Crow Bill,
of Congressman Hesselton (Rep.
Mass.). Priest, Democrat, is Chair-
man of the House Interstate Com-
merce Committee.
(Copyright, 1958, by Bell Syndicate, Inc.)
THE Daily Official Bulletin $e an
official publication of the University
of Michigan for which the Michigan
Daily assumes no editorial responsi-
bility. Notices should be sent in
TYPEWRITTEN form to ,Room 3553
Administration Building before 2 p.m.
the day preceding publication. Notices
for the Sunday edition must be in
by 2 p.m. Friday.
THURSDAY, JANUARYt 12, 1
VOL. LXVI, No. 24
General Notices
J-Hop Weekend. Social chairmn o
student groups participating in J-Ho
Weekend, Feb. 10, 11, 1958 should tie
application for approval for specifi
events on or before Jan. 27, in the
Office of Student Affairs, 1020 Admin-
istration Building.
Fraternities housing women guests
f or the weekend must clear housing
arrangements in the Office of the Dean.
of Women, 1514 Administration, before
applications for specific parties are
presented to the Office of Student Af-
fairs. Inasmuch as individual overnight
permissions cannot be granted to wom-
en students until social events have
been finally approved, it is essential
that approvals be secured as soon as
possible.
Feb. 10: Chaperons for pre-Hop din-
ners and post-Hop breakfasts may be
the chaperon-in-residence or aw+quali-
fied married couple. Pre-Hlop dinners
must end at the hour designated and
the fraternity closed to callers during
the hours of the J-Hop. (Exception.
Those fraternities housing women oer-
night guests remain open, during the
Hop and the chaperon-in-residence
must be at the house.) The house may
re-open for breakfast: if desired at 2
a.m. Breakfasts must close in sufficient
time to allow women students to re-
turn to their residences by 4 a.m.
Fraternities occupied by women guests
must be closed to men promptly at 4
a.m. following the breakfast. No house
dlances will be approved on this night.
Feb. 11: women students will be
granted 2:30 am, late permission on
Saturday night. Closing hours for
events on this night may be registered
accordingly. Houses which are accom-
modating women overnight guests, but
which do not plan a party in the house
on Saturday night will observe the cus-
tomary calling hours for women's resi-
dences.
The following student sponsored so
cial events are approved for the coming
weekend. Social chairmen are reminded
that requests for approval for social
events are due in the office of Student
+Affairs not later than 12:00 noon on the
Tuesday prior to the event.
Jan. 13-
Phi Delta Phi
victor Vaughn
Jan. 14.-
Acacia
Alpha Chi Sigma
Alpha Epsilon Phi
Alpha Kappa Kappa
Beta Theta P
Delta Chi
Delta Kappa Epslon
Delta appeaEpio
Delta Upsilon
Evans Scholars
Kappa Sigma
Lambda Chi Alpha
Nu Sigma Nu
Phi Delta Phi
Phi Delta !Theta'
Phi Gamma Delta
Phi Kappa Sigma
Sigma Alpha Epsilon
Sigma Nu
Sigma Phi Epsilon
Theta Chi
Theta Xi
Jan. 15-
Phi Delta Phi
Lectures
Dr. Aziz S. Atiya, President of the
Institute of Coptic Studies, Cairo,
Egypt, will speak on "The World's
Debate in the M de Ages: New Light
on the History o the Crusades," Jan,
12, Aud. B, Angell Hall at 4:00 p.m.,
auspices of the Department of Nea
Eastern Studies and history depart-
ment. Open to public.
Concerts
University symphony Band Concert,
William D. Reveli, Conductor, 8:30 p.m.
Fri., Jan. 13, in Hill Auditorium, in con-
junction with the 11th Annual Mid-
western Conference on School Vocal
and Instrumental Music. Open to the
general public without charge.
Academic Notices
Journal Club of the, Department: of
Romance Languages will meet Thurs.,
Jan. 12, at 4:15 p.m. West Conference
Room, Rackham Building. Prof. Paul
Spurlin, who spent last year in France,
will present a paper on "Hgher Educa-
tion in France." Open to the pubici
Political Science Round Table Thurs.,
Jan. 12, at 8:00 p.m. in Room 3-8 of
the Michigan Union. Informal debate:
"Can the Behaviorist Techniques Make
a Valuable Contribution to the Methods
of. Poltical Science?" Prof. Marshall.
Knappen of the Political Science De-
partment and Dr. Angus Campbell of
the Institute for Social Research. Open
to public.
Seminar in Applied' Mathematics
Thurs., Jan. 12, at 4:00 p.m. in Room
247 west Engineering Building. Rich-
ard P. Jerrard, Department of Mathe-
matics, will speak on "vibration of
Rings."
401 Interdisciplinary Seminar on the
Application of Mathematics to Social
Science Thurs., Jan. 12, Room 3401 Ma-
son Hall from 4:00-5:30 p.m. J. Zinnes
and A. Karoly will speak on "Some Re-
suits of Multidimensonal Unfolding in
Quadrant IV."
Psychology Colloquium and History
Club: Dr. F. Wyatt of the Psychology
Dept. and Dr. W. B. Willcox of the
History Dept. will discuss "Clio on the
Couch: the Use of Psychology in His-
torical Explanation." Fr., Jan. 13, 4:15
p.m., Angell Hall Aud. A.
Astronomical Colloquium. Fri., Jan.
13, 4:15 p.m., the Observatory. Dr. Free-
-- I
rr
LETTERS
to the
EDITOR
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DARTMOUTH CONTROVERSY:
Newspaper Asks Exams
That Permit 'Thinking'
(EDITOR'S NOTE: The following
editorial is reprinted from the "Dart-
mouth," Dartmouth College student
newspaper.)
THERE is a conspiracy among
the faculty to cheat students
out of their right to have fun dur-
ing finals. Swathed in laziness,
faculty members are currently
striving their semi-annual worst
to write dull questions in hopes of
exposing undergraduate ignorance.
"Regurgitate" is the first com-
mandment of those professors who
are satisfied only with the ink-
scrawled blue books that contain
The Truth - a condensation of
LITTLE MAN ON CAMPUS
by Dick Bibler
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their lectures for the semester.
The queries for such nauseating
questionaires; demanding memory
but not thought, are designed so
disagreement becomes almost im-
possible.
Lured by the ease of answers
easy to correct, too many profes-
sors give the same exam for years.
There is no more work to do, and
after a couple of years the curve
sets itself automatically. So an
excellent result is achieved - no
thought by the professor and no
thought by the students.
TOO BAD these complacent in-
structors no longer remember the.
feelings of a student who goes into
the vomitorium, answers this
thoughtless list of rhetorical ques-
tions, and then leaves with the
foul taste that accompanies such
sickness.
If a student has really learned
something in a course, the exam
should be designed so that he can
leave with a feeling of elation. In
blunt terms, a good final gives a
man a chance to show off how
much he has learned during the
semester. Instead of being hog-
tied to professorial dogma, he can
discuss the insights that he has
gained - the only real learning
that did oecur.
* * *
ON ANY final, examinees should
be able partially to write their own
questions. Granted, a student's
Boston 'Pops',.. .
To the Editor:
WAS disturbed to learn in the
review Tuesday of the Boston
Pops performance that residents
of Ann Arbor cannot appreciate
Arthur Fiedler and his "Pops."
Boston acclaims them and always
has a full house-does not Boston
rank almost as high as Ann Arbor
in cultural aspects?
The world is a place of variety
and a pseudo-intellect often can't
understand this, while a truly
learned person can enjoy, "Look
Sharp, Be Sharp" as well as Bach's
Tocatta and Fugue in D.
I would not want Mr. Fiedler
to feel that his music was not ap-
precated at, the great University
of Michigan. But I think he felt
that we did like it, for the immedi-
ate reaction Sunday night was,
despite the later Daily review, a
favorable one.
-Joan Bowler, '57ED
Athletics and Politics.. .
To the Editor:
T"HE game between the Ameri-
can Olympic hockey team and
that of the University presents a
dilemma to the students of the
University unique in the annals of
collegiate sports.
A cursory glance at the coming
event poses no problem in that
most rootedfor the "blue."
However, upon closer inspection
one finds that it is necessary to
either support a team which is
made up exclusively of Canadians
for the American Olympic team
which will go into the Olympics
not merely representative of the
United States but will also be car-
rying the prestige of the demo-
cratic nations.
The Olympics =have been resol-
ved into political aspects end their
results used for propaganda pur-
poses.
This game makes acute the
abomination of an American uni-
.1
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