RACIAL
DISCRIMINATION
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VOL. LVI, No. 161 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, JUNE 11, 1946
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Allies Indicted
With Chetnik
ByYugoslavs
Mihailovic Charged
With Collaboration
By The Associated Press
BELGRADE, June 10-The Yugo-
slav government's indictment of Gen.
Draja Mihailovic charged today that
the Chetnik leader was told by a
British officer in 1943 to "liquidate
the Communists" in Yugoslavia, and
that in 1944 an American officer took
part in conferences between Mihailo-
vic and a German commander.
British Message Revealed
Referring to another British mes-
sage, purportedly sent from the Brit-
ish command in Cairo in 1941 and
relayed by a British liaison officer,
the indictment said Mihailovic was
told "that Yugoslavs are to fight for
Yugoslavia and not transform the
fight into a rebellion of Communists
on behalf of Soviet Russia."
The indictment was read at the
opening of Mihailovic's trial on
charges of treason and collaboration,
in a floodlighted courtroom packed
with more than 1,000 spectators.
'U' Professor Named
Drawn up by Marshal Tito's gov-
ernment the indictment said that in
August, 1944, an American Colonel
named McDowell, identified in the
document as chief of an American
mission to Mihailovic's headquarters,
met the Chetnik chief and a German
named Neubacher, identified as chief
of the administration staff of the
Nazi military commander in Serbia.
It said a month later McDowell also
attended a meeting with Mihailovic
and Neubacher's deputy.
In Washington the War Depart-
ment identified the U.S. officer as
Col. Robert H. McDowell and said
he was a teacher of Balkan history
at the University of Michigan. The
War Department did not know his
whereabouts, and was unable to say
whether he is still in the service.
Thirteen Co-Defendants
The grizzled Chetnik leader enter-
ed the courtroom unaided, despite
recent reports that his near-sighted-
ness :had grown almqst to blindness.
With him in the dock were 13 co-
defendants accused of treasonable re-
lations with the Germans. Ten others
are being tried in absentia.
Mihailovic, maintaining a quiet
dignity, replied to preliminary ques-
tions in a firm voice. When asked
his occupation, he said "General of
the Army"
Arbiters Offer
Plan To Avert
Shiping Strike
WASHINGTON, June 10- ()-
Federal conciliators threw a new pro-
posal into the boiling maritime labor
pot today after a congressional com-
mittee, sensing failure, decided to try
writing its own recipe for peace.
The labor department men, in a
do-or-die effort to avert a strike of
CIO seamen and dock workers on all
coasts at midnight Friday, suggested
a cash substitute for the shorter
work-week demanded by seagoing un-
ions.
The proposal: that instead of short-
ening the present 56-hour week, some
lesser limit be fixed beyond which a
bonus payment would be granted.
On the basis of repeated union
statements - that only an actual
shortening of the basic working week
can prevent a strike-the proposal
seemed foredoomed to failure.
But CIO's militant National Mari-
time Union, largest of the seven, was
preparing to suggest a "new ap-
proach" to the problem, a union of-
ficial said. Terms of this new pro-
posal were not revealed.
Chairman A. B. Kelley (Dem., Pa.)
of a House labor subcommittee plung-
ed into the scene by calling, union
leaders and ship operators into pub-
lic hearings starting tomorrow at 2:30
p.m.
The group may arrive at a "speci-
fic proposal" for settlement, he said,
since it appears that "there will be
nothing coming out of the labor de-
partment negotiations."
'U' Chapter of IICE
Holds Inaugural Dinner
The Michigan Chapter of the In-
dian Institute of Chemical Engineers,
first chapter to be organized, held its'
inaugural dinner last night.
Daily Poll Reveals Vets
Ideas For 'U-'Changes
Veterans Ask for More Praetical Courses,
More Social Facilities, and Better Counseling
Twenty-four different suggestions regarding teaching and curriculum
at the University were offered by the veterans reached through the recent
Daily opinion survey of 100 veterans..
The impressions made upon the veterans by nives-ity women were also
expressed, as well as recommendations concernhin soial life, counseling
needs and veterans' wives.
In making suggestions about the acadenije ife of the iUniversity,
nine veterans advocated more individual attheii , si pressed a desire
for more discussion and less formal lecturing, seven recot nn ded review
of courses taken before the war and one a -ref i her course for all
freslinen.
The complaint that courses are "not practical enough" was made by
two veterans. One veteran felt that his maturity was not being recognized
while another claimed that there were "too many unimportant subjects."
Four veterans suggested higher standards for professors and one said
that there should be more younger professors.
Too much emphasis is placed on grades, according to one veteran, while
another objected to compulsory attendance.
Among the suggestions made concerniing examinations were these,
made by one veteran each:that the examinations do not measure ability
accurately, and that there should be more true-false tests, more quizzes
-> and more examinations developed
Jackson Bares Supreme
Court Feud With Black;
COL, ROBERT H. McDOWELL
Former University professor
named yesterday in Mihailovic in-
dictment.
* * *
Tito Indictment
Names Former
VU'Professor
Col. Robert H. McDowell, named
yesterday by the Tito government
in a bill of particulars against Gen,
Draja Mihailovic at Belgrade, form-
erly was research associate in Meso-
potamian Archaeology and Assistant
History Professor at the University.
A native of Alexandria, Syria, he
was graduated from Wooster, O.,
Prep School and Wooster College in
1915. He received his master's and
doctor's degree from the University
after two years of graduate study at
Ohio State University.
In 1917, he was field treasurer of
the American Relief Committee in
Iran and served as a lieutenant in
the British Army Intelligence in the
Caucuses. Later he was Investiga-
tion and Field Director of the Near
East Relief in Turkey.
Col. McDowell also did field re-
search in excavations at Tell Umar,
Iraq, and around Saleucia and Tigris.
In 1942 he was commissioned in the
U.S. Army and in February, 1946,
he resigned his University position
to work for the government at Wash-
ington.
Bradfo rd1Urges
Adult Education
NEA Leader Submits
Plan for Education
Adults must be educated to cooper-
ate in family and community activi-
ties, Leland P. Bradford of the Na-
tional Education Association said at
the Adult Education Workshop which
opened here yesterday.
Emphasizing that adult education
must help groups and communities
to solve their problems, Bradford
pointed out that two-thirds of the
nation's states do not have programs
for the education of adults.
Responsibility for leadership in
adult education belongs to states
such as Michigan which have or are
developing adult education programs,
Bradford said.
The scope of adult education should
extend beyond night schools which
offer academic courses to those who
did not finish high school, he said.
The subject of the lecture at to-
day's general session of the Work-
shop will be "How To Conduct a
Community Survey To Determine
Needs for Adult Education".
The Workshop which will continue
meeting through Saturday is con-
ducting a study of problems con-
nected with Michigan's experiment-
al program in adult education.
The work is being done in seminars
or by committees which meet four
hours daily.
Senate Passes Pay Boost
WASHINGTON, June 10-(lP)-The
Senate passed today legislation to re-
organize the machinery of Congress,
provide additional professional aides,
and give the members a 50 per cent
pay boost, to $15,000 a year.,
Royalist Clique
Urges Umberto
To Stay in Italy
ROME, June 10 -(IP)- An under-
secretary in Premier Alcide De Gas-
peri's cabinet declared tonight that
a clique around King Umberto "was
urging him to stay" in Italy despite
the Supreme Court's announcement
of the Republic's victory in last
week's plebiscite.
The spokesman, Giuseppe Spataro,
a Christian Democrat and undersec-
retary of the interior, said the mon-
arch was willing to accept the high
court's announcement and leave the
country but that people around him
were "arguing that it is his historic
duty" to remain.
Cabinet Awaiting Decision
Spataro said the King was meeting
at the Quirinale Palace with his
counsellors. The cabinet would await
word of the King's final decision be-
fore taking action itself, the under-
secretary continued.
Shortly after Spataro's statement
Giuseppe Romita, Minister of the In-'
terior, emerged from a cabinet ses-
sion and told newsmen "everything
is up in the air."
"Wait an hour," Romita said as he
hurried downstairs in the Viminale
Palace to confer with police author-
ities on the exceptional precautions
taken to maintain public order.
Court Announces Republican Win
Italy's highest court announced to-
night a victory for the Republic in
last week's plebiscite, but King Um-
berto's aide, Gen. Adolfo Infante,
said the monarch would postpone his
departure into exile because the
wording of the decision left the out-
come of the vote "indefinite."
Almost immediately his statement
was contradicted by Vice Premier
Pietro Neni. Emerging from a cab-
inet meeting called to consider the
difficult and potentially dangerous
situation engendered by the decision,
Neni told a news conference the King
would leave tomorrow "for Portugal."
Forty Openings In
Men's Co-ops Listed
Cooperative houses will have open-
ings for 40 men for the summer ses-
sion, Bill Gamzon of the Inter-Co-
operative Council announced last
night.
Interviews for applicants will be
held at 2:00 p.m. Saturday in the
Union. ,Interested students unable
to attend this interview can call 6284
for further information.
The average weekly cost for board
and room in the Co-ops ranges from
$5.55 to $7.50. The houses are op-
erated on the Rochdale principles;
under this system each member works
four or five hours a week at the
house and expenses are shared on a
non-profit, cooperative living pro-
gram.
by the department as a whole.
Two veterans each advocated smal-
ler classes and elimination of group
requirements.
Visual aid were suggested as a pos-
sible improvement by three veterans,
while one veteran each recommended
more cultural subjects, an honor sys-
t em in the engineering , school, tu-
toring for engineering students, a
work-study plan, more counselors and
advisers and text books which would
be brought up to date regularly.
University women made good or
favorable impressions upon 15 of
the 100 veterans, according to the
survey. Fourteen veterans found
that their impression of coeds was
the same as of any other women.
Eleven veterans had formed no
impressions or said they had made
no contact with University women.
Coeds were found to be "fairly
serious" by nine veterans, while se-
ven veterans said they are "imma-
ture," six said they were "average"
of "all right" and two found them
"difficult to become acquainted with,"
"Pseudo-sophistication" of Uni-
versity women was remarked upon
by three of the veterans, while
three others found them "frivo-
lous." That coeds are "well-man-
nered" was noted by five veterans
and two of them thought that the
women are "of high caliber." The
"modesty" and "prudishness' of the
coeds was noted by two veterans.
Seventeen of the 100 veterans ad-
vocated more social facilities. More
get-togethers were recommended by
eight of them while two veterans sug-
gested more open dances.
Hours for women are too early
complained four veterans. Five felt
that the driving regulations are too
stringent and two said that they
thought the liquor regulations are
too strict. Three declared there were
too many regulations altogether and
See VETS, Page 2
Dre Reaches
TotalOf $2,d431
The University's Famine Relief
Drive collection was brought up to
a total of $2431.74 yesterday with
the submission of $207.76.
League house contributions up to
date include 900 Oakland, $7.75; 72
Haven, $6.60; 802 Oakland, $6.15; 433
Maynard, $5.50: 1014 Vaughn, $532;
1036 Oakland, $3.60; 503 Monroe,
$3.36; 820 Hill, $300; 407 Hamilton
Place, $2.95; 703 Church, $2.85; 1011
Vaughn, $2.50; 726 Oakland, $1.68;
703 Haven, $1.03; and 953 Green-
wood, $1.00.
Total sorority contributions are
Kappa Kappa Gamma, $30.65; Al-
pha Epsilon Phi, $21.28; Pi Beta Phi,
$16.85; Sigma Delta Tau, $12.48; Del-
ta Delta Delta, $6.52; Alpha Phi,
$600; and Kappa Delta, $2.09.
Contributing Residence Halls in-
clude Martha Cook Bldg., $77.74;
Betsy Barbour, $46.35; Helen New-
berry, $39.10; Jordan Hall, $34.76;
Mosher Hall, $25,000; and Vaughn
House, $2.67.
The Michigan Christian Fellow-
ship has contributed $88.36 and the
Graduate Student Council $25.00.
Charges
Hoo se Ju dii ry
Group Expected
To Investigate
Black Declines To Make
Comment on Statement
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, June 10-The ex-
plosion within the United States Su-
preme Court rocked the Capitol to-
night, and it was expected that Con-
gress would conduct an investigation
of the angry charges levelled by Jus-
tice Jackson against Justice Black,
Most Congressmen were loath to
comment pending a study of the
documents in the case, but it was
predicted privately that the House
Judiciary Committee would look into
the case.
No Comment
Obviously taken aback by the
nature of Jackson's comments, Sena-
tor Hatch (Dem., N.M.) a member
of the Judiciary Committee, told a
reporter that "the charges are so
grave that I cannot comment on
them."
Justice Black, through his office,
declined comment on Jackson's as-
sertions, made at Nuernberg, Ger-
many, where he was presiding at the
war crimes trials.
White House Press Secretary Char-
les G. Ross said that there would be
no comment there on the situation.
Vinson Quiet
Fred M. Vinson, now Secretary of
the Treasury, who had been nomina-
ted by President Truman to be chief'
Justice, also had no comment to
make.
Senator Kilgore (Dem., W.Va.) said
he saw no reason why the Senate
should take any recognition of the
Jackson - Black controversy unless
Vinson's nomination should become
involved in some manner. ,
Under the Constitution, the House
initiates impeachment. In that
event, the Senate becomes the bar
of justice.
'Ensian To Be
Late This Year
June 21 Is Date Set or
Yearbook DistributionI
The 'Ensian will be late again this
year.
Norma Johnson, 'Ensian business
manager, announced yesterday that
the 1946 album of Michigan life has
been delayed at the printers and will
not arrive until June 21.
They will be distributed from 9 a.m.
to 3 p.m. that day.
Seniors who will not remain for
commencement and other students
who do not plan to return to the cam-
pus in the fall can leave their mail-
ing addresses at the 'Ensian office
in the Student Publications Building.
There will be no mail distribution
of 'Ensians to students who will be
on campus for the summer session
or the fall semester, Miss Johnson
said.
Summer distribution dates will be
announced in The Daily.
'45 'Ensians on Sale
Due to the failure of the stu-
dents notified to pick up their
copies, approximately 30 copies of
the- 1945 Michiganensian are
available for campus sale.
'Ensians may be purchased from
Mrs. James in the Student Pub-
lications Office today, tomorrow,
or Thursday.
ROBERT
. . . Supreme
disclosed feud
Black.
Stun
Congress
* *
C. JACKSON
Court Justice who
with Justice Hugo
Ohio State Dean:
To Speak Today1
At Presentati~on
Dean Harlan Hatcher, of the lib-
eral arts college of Ohio State Uni-,
versity, will give the annual Hop-
wood Awards Presentation Lecture,
at 4 p.m. today in Rackham Lecture
Hall, after which winners of the
spring contest will be announced.
Approximately $6,000 will be divided
among the winners in the major and
minor divisions in fiction, essay, dra-
ma and poetry from the fund set up
by the will of the late Avery Hop-
wood, member of the class of 1905
and prominent American dramatist.
Dean Hatcher, who will deliver a
speech entitled "Towards American
Cultural Maturity," is the author of
numerous books, ireluding "Creating
the Modern American Novel," "The
Versification of Robert Browning"
and "Lake Erie," which is one of the
five volumes in the "American Lake
Series."
Dean Hatcher received his edu-
cation at Ohio State University and
the University of Chicago, doing his
host doctoral work abroad. He has
lectured on American literature at
Ohio State where he was chairman'
of the English department, and has
spoken on English literature at the
University of Iowa.
"He is a worthy Hopwood Lectur-
er," said Prof. Bennett Weaver, of
the English department and friend
of Dean Hatcher, "because of his
knowledge of social situations here'
and abroad. He has breadth and
depth of culture and a great interest
in human affairs,"
Contestants, who have submitted
41 manuscripts, have been invited
to meet Dean Hatcher at 8 p.m. in
the Hopwoodl Room of Angell Hall,
Cheninault To Head
Chinese Air Lines
GRAND RAPIDS, June 10-(A)-
Claire L. Chennault, leader of China's
"Flying Tigers" during the war, an-
nounced here today he plans to re-
turn to China next month to organ-
ize an air line for hauling food to
stricken areas there.
Chennault said his air line would
function under a contract with
CNRRA, the Chinese counterpart of
UNRRA. CNRRA means Chinese Na-
tional Rehabilitation and Relief Ad-
ministration.
Former Law
Partner Figures
In Accusations
Practice Will Lead to
Disrepute, justice Says
By The Associated Press
NEURNBERG, Germany, June 10
-In an unprecedented attack on a
colleague of the United States Su-
preme Court, Justice Robert H. Jack-
son charged tonight that Justice Hu-
o Black had participated in decis-
ions affecting a former law partner,
and that the practice, if continued,
would bring America's highest court
into "disrepute."
Jackson, now on leave from the
Supreme Court to serve as Chief
American Prosecutor at the War
Crimes Trial here, said in a written
statement issued at a news confer-
ence that a "feud" of longstanding
existed between Black and him.
Feud Long-Publicized
The feud, he said in the statement,
which was cabled to the House and
Senate Judicial Committees, "has
been so long publicized that Congress
has a right to know the facts- and
issues involved."
Declaring that Black had threat-
ened him with "war" unless he "cov-
ered up facts" in a case in which
Black's law partner was involved,
Jackson said:
"There may be those who think it
quite harmless to encourage employ-
ment of justices' ex-law partners to
argue close cases by smothering ob-
jections which the bar makes to
this practice.
"But in my view such an attitude
soon would bring the court into dis-
repute. However innocent a coinci-
lence these two victories at succes-
sive terms by Justice Black's former
law partner, I wanted that practice
stopped. If it is ever repeated while
I am on the bench, I will make my
Jewel Ridge opinion look like a letter
of recommendation by comparison."
Jackson Declines To Elaborate
Jackson declined to elaborate on
his "feud" with Black except to tell
reporters that the feuding existed
among justices appointed by Presi-
dent Roosevelt.
"And they called us rubber stamps,"
he added bitterly.
His cable to the two Congressional
committees, Jackson asserted, was in
answer to what he termed unjusti-
fied attacks in the press, and inti-
mated Black was behind those at-
tacks. W
He referred to a Washington Star
column by Doris Fleeson, on May 16,
1946, which, he said, quoted Black
as complaining against a decision by
Jackson in the Jewel Ridge coal case
as an "open and gratuitous insult"
and a "slur upon his (Black's) per-
sonal and judicial honor.
Column Given to President
The column purportedly related to
the "inside story" of the case as laid
before President Truman
The Supreme Court decision in the
Jewel Ridge coal case held that soft
coal miners were entitled to portal-
to-portal pay. In the 5-to-4 decision
handed down on May 7, 1945, Justice
Murphy wrote the majority opinion
and Jackson a dissenting opinion.
Need for More
Pay Boosts Cited
DETROIT, June 10-(JP)--Labor
must demand another round of pay
increases by Labor Day if Congress
scuttles price control, John W. Gib-
son, Assistant Secretary of Labor,
told Michigan CIO delegates at open-
ing sessions of their state conven-
tion today.
Gibson, former President of the
Michigan Council, described the pre-
sent industrial strife as "the most
terrible period in the memory of
unionists."
He said the general public does not
understand the underlying problem-
that of reopening every labor con-
tract in the country since the end of
the war.
"There are at least N000 labor
contracts in the nation and that is a.
PRESIDENT RUT H V EN PRAISED:
Far-Sighted_'U'
The present administration of the - --
Administration Cited by Editor
University shows "anhexceptionally'
courageous and far-sighted facing up
to the educational problems which
are emerging in the post-war period,"
according to William G. Avirett, edu-
cation editor of the New York Her-
dance this University can plan more
intelligently for the future than is
usually the case.
In his conference with University
officials, Avirett found that Michi-
gan has "a good picture" of the GI
all the pressures are toward locali-
zation of educational facilities."
Speaking of the number of foreign
students here, Avirett praised the
University for recognizing the two-
way value of their presence, and said
Avirett, who has investigated the
post-war situation in most of the
universities in the East and Middle
West, pointed out that next fall will
not see the peak of the GI boom, but
that it will continue until Septem-
The crux of the whole matter, ac-
cording to Avirett, lies in the short-
age of trained teachers. The prob-
lem at Michigan, as at all other edu-
cational institutions, is to continue
to do work of high quality as the