FIGHTY
INFANTILE PARALYSIS
ur
AMF W a
a m I
S1ir
N'j tt
WEATHER
Increased Cloudiness
Warmer and Light Snow
VOL. LV, No. 67 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN THURSDAY, JAN. 25, 1945
PRICE FIVE CENTS
O
Reds B
* *0
American
Yanks DriveW
Down Central F
Luzon Plain
Panipanga Province
Penetrated in PushW
By The Associated Press. Wallace
Motorized American patrols, press- fled to t
ing down the central Luzon plains
toward Manila, now are operating in La
the region of Clark Field, the biggest dent Ro
air base in the Philippines about 40 Jon
miles northwest of the capital, Gen. Loan A
Douglas MacArthur reported late He
Wednesday. succeed
TheGeneral estimated that in the ator Pei
two weeks since the invasion of Lu-_
zon the Japanese have suffered ap-
roximately 14,000 casualties-6 ,449 17
dead, 423 captured, 7,200 wounded . a
American casualties total 3,145-
657 killed, 187 missing and 2,301P
wounded.
Patrols Near Clark Field
The Yanks on the west flank of theJ
central plains continued their war of
movement and swept through the All
town of Bamban and its airfield. The A
motorized patrols pushed on south of To
Mabalacat to near Clark Field ad
Fort Stotsenburg. This represented Final
the first penetration of Pampanga completi
province, gateway to Manila. The tion ofI
Americans dispersed Japanese motor two ho
patrols and sniper nests. which w
In the Rosario sector near the Lin- day in a
gayen Gulf beachhead on the north Sales:
-toughest spot the Yanks have dicate t]
bumped into-heavy naval guns re- for the s
lentlessly reduced fixed hill defenses. at the
Corregidor Hit USO an
American- airmen flew in close sup- tickets
port of the ground forces. They also
hit Corregidor Island, at the entrance
to Manila Bay, with 45 tons of ex-
plosives, setting off major explosions
and fires. Baguio; the summer capital
in theBenguet mountains north of
Rosario, was raided as were Subic and
Dasol Bays on Luzon's west coast.
Referring to American casualties
General MacArthur said "every pos-
sible strategic and tactical ingenuity{
is being successfully employed to hold
our losses in men to an absolute mini-
mum.
Heavy bombers continued to ham-
mer Formosa on the north and the
Borneo oil fields far to the south.
American Superfortress and carrier
plane attacks against the Japanese4
homeland, strategic Iwo Jima 750
miles south of Tokyo, Korea, Formosa
and the Ryukyu Islands were reported
Wednesday by Washington and Tok-
yo.
Committee Will
eported Four
Miles
from Breslau
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Forces Smash
allace Is Unqualified
r Post, Jones Warns
Calds Ex-Vice-President Unfit for Connnerce
Job, Testifies at Senate Committee Hearing
By Tie Associated Press
kSHINGTON, Jan. 24-Jesse Jones capped his long feud with HenryI
by declaring flatly today the former Vice President just isn't quali-
take over his job as administration banker.
ck of experience," the big, gray-thatcher Texan testified in Presi-
osevelt's proposed cabinet change.
es said he still regarded himself as Secretary of Commerce and
dministrator until Wallace is confirmed.
studiously avoided mentioning Wallace,. nominated on Monday to
him, until he was questioned sharply by a Wallace adherent. Sen-
Nearer
Prof. Preuss
Reviews Plan
For Post-Wara
'Roots,, Branmches, of
to
Clark
Field
pus Kapers
parations
tny Finished
-Student Prograin
Be Staged Sunday
preparations are nearing
ion for the second produc-
Kampus Kapers, featuring a
ur all student talent show,
ill be held at 3:30 p. m. Sun-
Hill Auditorium.
reports through yesterday in-
hat tickets are still available
how. They may be purchased
Union, the League, at the
d at campus bookstores. All
remaining after this week's
They squared off in a duel of sharp
exchanges climaxed when Pepper ask-
ed Jones if he thought Wallace could
handle his job. The banker said he
didn't think so and Pepper tried to
get more "factual data" for that
opinion.
Chewing gum and cupping his ear
from time to time, Jones was ques-
tioned at some length after he read a
350-word statement in which he
warned that "untried ideas" and "vis-
ionary planning" in his job could
wreck the country.
The session consumed more than
three hours and the committee recess-
ed until 10:30 a. . Thursday when
Wallace will have his say.
Until he was irked by Pepper's
questioning, Jones never mentioned
Wallace's name but he left no doubt
of whom he ,was speaking in his
sharply-worded testimony before the
Senate Commerce Cormittee.
The hearing was on a bill by Sen-
ator George (D.-Ga.) to divorce the
RFC and other big lending agencies
from the Commerce Department. It
was offered because some Senators
are loathe to confirm Wallace ex-
cept for the routine duties of the
cabinet post. His nomination has
been sidetracked pending considera-
tion of the George Bill.
Jones said the government's lend-
ing agencies conduct the biggest busi-
ness the world ever has known and
postwar adjustment will have to be
handled even more carefully "in or-
der not to destroy our entire business
and financial structure."
CAT Graduation
Exercises To Be
Held Saturday
Commencement exercises for 26
Navy and 25 Army officers, graduates
of the Civil Affairs Training School
at the University, will be held at 10
a. m. Saturday in the Lydia Mendel-
ssohn Theatre.
The first class to have completed
the six month course, the CATS have
been trained in the language char-
acteristics and countries of Far East-
ern peoples and in the principles of
military government of that area.
The program was arranged by the
Provost Marshal General and the
University.
Col. Robert Hall, recently returned
to the geography department from
the Far East, Prof. Marvin Niehuss
of the Law School faculty, director of
emergency training and vi'ce presi-
dent of the University will speak at
the graduation ceremonies.
Guests of honor will be Dr. James
Adams, University provost, Dr. Clar-
ence Yoakum, dean of Rackham
school of Graduate Studies, Capt.
Woodson Michaux, Navy command-
ant and Lt.-Col. Reginald Miller,
commandant of Army forces in Ann
Arbor and of the JAG School.
Dumnbarton' Discussed
"The sovereign power of each na-
tion will be used in cooperation with
other powers in an international
peace organization," Dr. Lawrence
Preuss of the State Department ex-
plained in a speech last night to an
audience which filled the Rackham
Lecture Hall to capacity.
Discussing "Roots and Branches of
Dumbarton Oaks," Dr. Preuss said
that a new spirit prevails and that
the emphasis on sovereignty is no
longer negative.
Prof. Preuss is responsible for the
treaty which would create an inter-
national court for war disputes. This
proposal is now before the govern-:
ments of the United Nations with the
England, the only objector.C
Still Not Agreedj
Although all proposals regarding
world peace were not agreed upon,
Dr. Preuss pointed out, those who
framed the proposals at Dumbarton
Oaks were determined to achieve "the
maximum of what is desirable within
the scope of what is obtainable."
"The core of the international or-
ganization, Dr. Preuss said, "will be
the security council." He said that
its main functions will be settlement
of disputes and action in regard to
aggression.
"The Dumbarton Oaks proposals
are fundamentally American, said Dr.
Preuss, explaining that they were
conceived in our own State Depart-
ment. He said that experts from
various branches of the government
have worked on the issues of a peace
plan for 21, years. "Therefore Amer-
ican delegates to the conference had
many months of preparation behind
them," he explained.
'Fundamentally American'
Dr. Preuss predicted that a United
Nations Convention will be held some
time this year. Proposals of all gov-
ernments will be examined at that
time, he said, and the proposed char-
ter will be filled out. "No segment of
American public opinion," he said,
"will be neglected."
"The arm of the government will be
strengthened," said Dr. Preuss, "if
the American people back the propos-
als." Cautioning, however, that total
agreement is unnecessary, he urged
that criticism of the peace proposals
be made known and articulate.
In addition, Dr. Preuss is enthusi-
astic about the reorganization of the
State Department under Edward
Stettinius
"There is new spirit in the Depart-
ment since Stettinius took over," he
declared, "He is a most democratic
man and has a sincere desire to draw
into the department all the talent he
can get."
Haitian Speaks
On Native Land'
"The Culture and Civilization of
Haiti" will be the topic of a lecture
to be delivered by Francois Duvalier,
of Port-au-Prince, Haiti, at 4:10 p.m.
today in Rm. D, Alumni Memorial
Hall.
The lecture will deal with the psy-
chological behavior of the upper and
lower classes of Haiti, from ethno-
graphic and historic standpoints.
Duvalier will discuss the mixture of
French and African culture which is
evident in the country. He will ex-
plain the influences of these two
cultures on the people of Haiti.
Duvalier, who is specializing in
public hygiene here, is the author of
"Les Cendances d'une Generation,"
and former co-editor of the Scientific
and Literary Revue of Haiti.
YANKS GO HUNTING IN LUXEMBOURG-Pfc. Clinton Calvert
(left), of Bayard, Neb., and Cpl. Roy Swisher, of Washington, D. C..
return from a hunting trip in the woods of Luxembourg with their bag
of one deer and two rabbits. They are members of the 4th Signal
Company of the 4th Infantry Division.
UNION EDUCATOR.
Post-War Industy Needs
More Federal Cn
Soviets Push
Ahead Along
Entire Front
Thrust Across Vital
Oder River Barrier
See PICTURE, Page 4)
By The Associated Press
LONDON, Thursday, Jan. 25-Rip-
ping through German Silesia and East
Prussia at blitzkrieg pace, the Rums-
sians yesterday captured Oppeln, up-
per Silesian capital, and reached
within 41/2 miles of Breslau amid re-
ports that they already had crossed
the Oder River line and had snapped
shut the war's greatest trap on East
Prussia.
In westernmost Poland, against ap-
parently stiffening opposition, the So-
viet forces nevertheless plunged ahead
a dozen miles in the neighborhood of
Poznan on the most direct path to
Berlin, 137 miles west of Poznan.
Sixth Army in Drive
Four orders of the day by Premier
Stalin and a long midnight commu-
ique broadcast from Moscow dis-
closed the continued sweeping scope
of the Russian mid-winter offensive
and announced thatda Sixth Army
had joined the great drive.
The Germans themselves anonunc-
ed that the Russians had thrust tanks
and patrols acros the Oder River in
Silesia but contended all had been
wiped out. A Reuters dispatch from
Moscow said the Russians had estab-
lished "at least one bridgehead"
across the river which guards the
heart of Germany.
While Moscow did not confirm this
breaching of the Nazis "last-ditch"
line, the nightly communique said
that Marshal Ivan S. Konev's First
Ukraine Army group had extended its
frontage on the east bank of the Oder
and among more than 200, German
towns captured was Margareth, four
and one-half miles southeast of Bres-
lau, chief city of the industrially-im-
portant province.
Oppeln Taken
Earlier Stalin had announced Ko-
nev's capture of Oppeln, 48 miles
southeast of Breslau.
The German radio said all women
and children had been removed from
Breslau and that every man in the-
city from 16 to 60 had been called
into the People's Army. The gaulel-
ter of Silesia declared Breslau was a
fortress to be defended to the utmost.
Shortly after disclosing the .Rus-
sians' Oder crossing and the immi-
nent peril of Breslau, the German
DNB agency broadcast that the battle
for East Prussia had "become some-
what acute, with tank columns of
the Second White Russian Army
"reaching the district of the Vistula
estuary southwest of the port of El-
Bing, last land escape route from East
Prussia.
-Photo by John Horeth
DOC FIELDING
.. to MC Kapers
IF M ~ IJ~1 1 V IUP U It general sale will be available at 3
p. in. Sunday in the Hill Auditorium
School IFinanmcial Needsr box office.
Net proceeds, from the show will be{
Will Be Considered divided between the local USO cen-
ter and the Bomber Scholarship Fund,
Final report of the state's public the committee pointed out. Officials
school financial needs for the next of the USO have indicated a need "for
biennium will be prepared today by additional funds" at this time.
the Legislative Subcommittee of the Bomber Scholarship Fund origi-
Michigan Public Education Study nated in the spring of 1942 and now
Commission, scheduled to meet at contains more than $40,000. It was
2 p.m. in Rm. 304 of the Union, designed to provide needed funds for
The report will be submitted to the University veterans when they re-
26-man Commission, meeting in the entered school, and some now on
Union tomorrow at 9:30 a.m. campus have received benefits from
Clair L. Taylor. a member of the Ithefunds
Michigan department of public in- Led by Doc Fielding as master of
struction, will serve as chairman for ceremonies, the Kapers will star sev-
the subcommittee meeting. Dr. Eu- en all student act's in a variety of
gene B. Elliot, superintendent of numbers, including music, singing,
public instruction, will direct the dancing and instrumental specialties.
session Friday. A special skit written by Tady
The Education Study Commission' Martz and featuring nine members
formed by Governor Harry Kelly, is M' and feaurig nhe members
composed of state farm bureau, CIO, of JGP will highlight the show while
and education leaders. Bill Layton and his 12 piece campus
orchestra will be musical hosts for
the afternoon.
CAMPUS EVENTS A dance team made up of Dot
Murzek and Bev Wittan will be in-
Today Rev. A. J. Muste will cluded in the show. Both girls have
.speak on "What Is Hope had many years experience
For a Permanent Peace"
"The government must take an
ever expanding part in industry after
the war," Mark Starr, Educational
Director of the International Ladies'
Garment Workers' Union, said in an
address sponsored by the economics
department yesterday.
Our productive mechanism is beingj
so speeded up by the war that we1
shall be facing entirely new situa-
British Second.
Is Within Three,
Miles of Roer
PARIS, Jan. 24.-(/P)-The British
Second Army made advances of up C
to 2,000 yards today and pulled with-
in three miles of the Roer River at
three points inside Germany while
the U.S. First and Third Armies
methodically continued ironing out
the Nazis' flattened Ardennes salient'
against stiffening resistance.
The French First Army's attack ate
the southern end of the long front
also progressed steadily, securing
several crossings of the Ill River, but!
in northern Alsace the Germans
sharply increased their pressure on
the U.S. Seventh Army and it was i
disclosed that the American with-
drawal. announced yesterday, had
amounted to an average of seven to
eight miles.
The new positions of Lt.-Gen. Al-
exander M. Patch's Seventh Army
was indicated roughly as a line run-
ning southeastward from Reiperts-
willer throu-vi Niedermodern, Hage-
nau and Bischolz to Bischwiller.
Several thousand civilians were
evacuated in the withdrawal, more
than 8,000 by train alone. Priorities
were given FFI and public officials
believed in most danger of reprisals
from the Germans.
The veil of secrecy was lifted slow-
ly from the French assault, disclos-
ing that it involved "Allied" troops
under Maj.-Gen. Jean de Lattre de
Tassigny. The drive was headed gen-
erally eastward against the Rhine
bank corridor north of Colman.
"A rider being tacked on to the
Manpower Bill by people who don'tJob Survey
understand the significance of the
closed shop," was the description CoBnduca~~-tedI
Starr gave the proposed anti-closed. e d cte
shop amendment to the Manpower
Bill. Sociologists To Make
"The closed shop is necessary to
see that labor-management agree- Study of Ann Arbor
ments are carried out. The closed The Sociology department, under
shop is not a monopoly and not tyr- the leadership of Dr. Amos H. Haw-
annical," he said, explaining that ley, will conduct a sample survey in
men who don't want to work under Ann Arbor tomorrow, to determine
the advantages of the union shop areIpos
free to choose employment in non- Thea job opportunties there.
union shops. IThe main objectives of the survey,
unio shos. }which will be taken at the request of
--"-_ ____- businessmen, public and private ag-
Dean Edimonson To encies and the Chamber of Com-
merce, are:
Speak at Port Huron 1. To estimate the amount of job
opportunities in the peacetime econ-
Dean J. B. Edmonson of the School omy on the basis of opinions of
of Education will speak on the part employers in Ann Arbor.
of youth in 1910 and now at noon 2. To compare that estimate with
today before the Rotary Club of Port wartime and pre-war employment by
Huron at the Junior College there. type of industry.
At 8 p.m. tonight he will speak at 3. To observe changes in the com-
the commencement exercises of the position of the labor force in respect
Port Huron High School on "Ameri- to sex, race and age.
ca's Faith in Education. 4. To estimate the opportunity for
Dean Edmonson will also deliver handicapped persons in post-war
the commencement address Feb. 1 at employment.
Cooley High School in Detroit. Students of the sociology depart-
----- --- -ment will conduct the survey, and
each one will carry credentials for
identification.
tions after the war, some of which
can be solved only with intensive
and extensive government aid, Starr
said.
Production Problems
"If we don't solve these problems,
'it can happen here,' if we drift into
the post-war period with lack of
bread," he continued, "we will pay
for it by losing our liberty."
"We've got to do some things
through government which private
enterprise can't do. We shan't starve
because individual initiative has only
a small pill for a large earthquake,"
Starr added.
Emphasizing that the trend is to-
ward a mixed private-collective econ-
omy, Starr warned that we must at
the same time be careful that our-
collectivism does not carry with it
the evils of regimentation. "We must
combine our planning with strict
adherence to a bill of rights," he
said.
Anti-Closed Shop Amendment
at 7:30 p. in, in Lane Hall.
Today Dr. Lawrence Preuss of
the State Department
will discuss the Dumbar-
ton lals Proposals at an
informal meeting at 4:15
p. m. in Rm. 1025, An-
gell Hall.
GETS MARLENE DIETRICH'S GARTERS:
Buck Dawson, Former 'U'Oddity, Rides on Western Front
Hillel Will Hold Special
Library Staff Meeting
Pnt. an 4i n1. , - 1-.r n . ara .flo mn 'to,'
Buck Dawson rides again on the prize in a forthcoming U.S. 82nd Air-
in France. He was the first one to
During his sophomore year, Buck
around the ballroom, gaily waving a