Y
an
aU&
WEATHER
Partly cloudy and
continued cold.
VOL. LV, No. 27
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, DEC. 2, 1944
PRICE FIVE CENTS
NNNNizm-
Pearl
* *
Yanks
Harbor
Probe
Clears
War
Heads
*
*
*
*
* *
*
*
*
*
*
*
Take 9-Mile Sector in Saar
alley
Alies Drive Against
Roe River Defense
Nazis Strike Back by Land and Air;
Regain Linnicl and Julich is Push
By The Associated Press
SHAEF, PARIS, DEC. 1-U. S. Armies fighting inside Germany seized
a nine-mile sector of the industrial Saar valley today and drove two new
wedges into the enemy's Roer River line in a furious battle before the
Cologne plain.
As Gen. Eisenhower increased the pressure of Allied armies battering
at the Roer River barrier, the Germans struck back by land and air and
pushed the Americans from two towns between Linnich and Julich.
Friday's Sale
Best to Date
In Bond Drive
University Hits New
High, Selling $5681
The best day's sale of bonds in the
University since the inception of the
Sixth War -Loan Drive Nov. 20-
$5,681-was reported yesterday by
Frances Goldberg, head of the Junior
Girls' Project war loan committee.
The sales increased the total Uni-
versity bond purchases to $26,745,
Miss Goldberg said.
County purchases jumped one mil-
lion dollars to $3,345,088 as corpora-
BOND BOX
We have...
County ............$3,345,088
University .......... $ 26,745
We Need .
County ...........$4,818,912
University ..........$ 73,255
tions began purchase of large denom-
ination bonds the first day the bonds
were placed on sale to them. The
county goal is $8,164,000.
Yesterday also marked the first
day of intensified participation by
the service groups on campus. Army
bond subscriptions increased Thurs-
day, Army pay-day, while the Navy
has begun its drive for bond pur-
chases to be culminated Thursday,
Pearl Harbor Day.
Newa Members
Added to Adult
education Staff
Dr. Fred G. Stevenson of the Uni-
versity Extension Service and Bonner
M. Crawford, adult education con-
sultant, have been added to the staff
of the Extension Service's new ex-
perimental program in adult educa-
tion, it was annotinced yesterday.
Dr. Stevenson is consultant in the
new program, while Mr. Crawford,
who is research associate in the Bu-
reau of Educational Reference and
Research, will serve as special lec-
turer.
Additional lecturers named to par-
ticipate in the Workers' Educational
Service include: Victor Bucknell,
Kalamazoo attorney; Walter Terp-
ening, Albion College; Louis Golczyn-
ski of Michigan State Normal Col-
lege; E. W. Waugh of Ypsilanti State
Normal; and David Wieterson of the
Barbour Intermediate school, De-
troit.
Services for Baird
To-Be Held Monday
Funeral services for Charles A.
Baird, Baird Carillon donor who died
Thursday in Kansas City, Mo., will
be held there Monday, Dr. Frank E.
Robbins, assistant to the president,
revealed.
One of Michigan's most prominent
alumni, Baird was first athletic di-
rector of the University.
CAMPUS EVENTS
Today Union formal 9 p. m. to
midniht in Union ball-
Plant New Bridgeheads
Far to the southwest, the Allies
smashed an attempt by the Germans
to plant a new bridgehead on the
west bank of the Rhine near Stras-
bourg behind a smokescreen 1,000
yards long: No details were available
here of this unexplained operation.
The U. S. Third Army fought up to
the Saar in a storm of fire from the
Siegfried line around Merzig, Ger-
man city guarding the Moselle and
Nahe Valley invasion routes to the
inner Reich, as the Germans blew i
the Merzig bridge. Allied planes
dumped 250 tons of explosives on
enemy fortifications.
New Attack
The U. S. First Army broadened
the scope of its assault before Duren
with new attacks that moved Ameri-
can lines forward 400 yards to within
1,000 yards of Gey and Branden-
berg-the latter little more than a
mile from the Roer seven miles
southwest of Duren.
Lt. Courtney H. Hodges' troops
fought house to house to drive the
last enemy from Inden, six miles
northwest of Duren, as fighter-bomb-
ers swept low over the front in the
heavy weather, attacking German
guns and troops-some of them in the
act of firing on American lines.
Luftwaffe Attacks
The German air force swarmed in
to the attack in daylight and in force
for the first time in two months, and
the enemy loosed a barrage of flying
bombs on rear areas in Belgium and
Holland that represented an increase
of almost 100 percent in 24 hours, a
front dispatch said.
The U. S. Ninth Army was pushed
from its Roer footholds at Roerdorf
and Flossdorf, northwest of Julich,
but was fighting back into the out-
skirts of both towns in an effort to
regain its positions.
Fierce fighting continued in nearby
Beeck, but the doughboys were firmly
across the highways to Lindern and
Linnich to the east.
Battlefront Dispatches
Battlefront dispatches said the U.
S. Seventh Army along the Rhine
broke through the main enemy de-
fenses and fought into the western
edges of Haguenau, strategic supply
center 15 miles north of Strasbourg,
after overrunning several towns.
The concerted drive at the northern
end of the front has yet to produce
a hint of a break in the lines, but the
Germans now are digging into mobile
reserves, which might mean that they 1
would be unable to halt a sweep to
the Rhine when the break comes.
Weeze ' GE M N
-Glenkirchen
Geldern ESSN
ee rr t Mors -
DUISBURGw
Versen DUSSELDORF
mn
Roerfmond M .Gldacu--K
fMGladbach' RheydtHiden
.rkelenz
Dilsen
Hoven Lndr
eck Linnch COLOGNE
Geienk irchen j
JULICH Berghem
Maast cht DUREN Hur h
*Indenrurhi
Ri l Eschwe ir ruh
AACHerode Liblar
A r
*G ssha
s!4AHuren \xurJ Euskirchen
'ege EVPen ,tgen ForesI _ ___
. BELGIUM "Monschau STATUT s
ALLIED DRIVES TOWARD COLOGNE AND DUSSELDORF . . .
Arrows indicate Allied drives on the northern part of the Western
Front (heavy line). Newest development is a U. S. Third Army
drive to the Saar River, where Americans attacked Siegfried Line
defenses around Merzig, German outpost city guarding the Moselle and
Nahe Valley invasion routes to the inner Reich.
SECRETARY OF STATE:
Stettinius Faces GFreat Task
Durinig First Day in Off ice
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, DEC. 1-Edward
R. Stettinius, Jr., 44-year-old indu-
strialist and diplomat, was sworn in
as Secretary of State today amid
potentially revolutionary develop-1
ments in American foreign policy.
He faces, as his first great task as
successor to Cordell Hull, completion
of the Dumbarton Oaks plan for
world security and arrangements for
a United Nations conference, whichI
officials hope will be held in this
country within three months, to put
th'e plan into effect.
The brief ceremony took place in
the Secretary's office at the State
Department. The oath to "support
and defend the constitution of the
United States" was administered to
the nation's 47th Secretary of State
by Associate Justice Robert H. Jack-I
son of the Supreme Court.
Immediately afterward Stettin ius
held a news conference at which he
issued a statement declaring that "I
shall do my utmost to carry out the
high principles for which Mr. Hull
has always stood in the conduct of
our foreign policy."
Subsequently Stettinius released a
letter he had sent to Hull, who is
recuperating at the Naval hospital
near here from a throat ailment and
general exhaustion. Expressing hope
for Hull's speedy recovery, Stetti-
nius said he was looking forward to
the time when "it will be possible
for me again to have the benefit of
your wise advice and judgment."
Reconversion
Curtailed by
Drastic Order
War Production Deficit
Cause for New Move
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, Dec. 1.-The gov-
ernment, in a drastic new order, to-
night slowed up the program for
putting segments of industry back
into civilian production.
In a measure designed to bolster
lagging war production, the Army,
Navy, War Production Board and
War Manpower Commission directed:
New Authorization
That in areas of acute labor short-
age no new civilian production shall
be authorized under the "spot recon-
version" plan for a period of 90 days.
That only in localities where war
production is on schedule, where
labor is adequate 'to meet military
needs, or where labor not qualified
for war work is available, "can any1
request for civilian production" un-
der the spot program be approved.
Under the "spot" plan regional
boards had been empowered to per-
mit civilian production in areas
where manpower and facilities were
deemed available for such purposes.
like' Reports
Tonight's action came upon the
heels of recent reports from General
Eisenhower that a shortage of some
categories of ammunition, especially
heavy shells, had delayed his offen-
sive.
Yanks Stop
Jap Drive
Near Ormoc
.Heavy Casualties
Suffered by Enemy
By The Associated Press
GENERAL MACARTHUR'S HEAD-
QUARTERS, PHILIPPINES, SAT-
URDAY, DEC. 2-The U. S. 7th In-
fantry Division has repulsed suicidal
charges made by the Japanese south
of Ormoc, strategic port held by the
enemy on western Leyte island, head-
quarters announced today.
The 7th Division has been advanc-
ing slowly northward on the coast
below Ormoc and last was reported
holding the Palanas River line, 13
miles south of the port, Numerous
night counterattacks had been re-
pulsed in that area by the division,
which includes veterans of the Aleu-
tians campaign.'
,Jap Losses Heavy
Today's announcement said the
latest .attack was hurled back with
heavy enemy losses.
Elsewhere on Leyte ground activi-
ties were restricted by continuing
raids. The 32nd Division, which re-
cently captured Limon, was slowly
converging on the enemy forces in
the Ormoc corridor to the south,
Leyte based fighter planes bombed
Japanese supply dumps in the Ormoc
bay area. Enemy air activitiy was
negligible.
Japanese casualties in desperate
fighting on Leyte and in daring but
vain attempts to prop the battered
garrison there approached 100,000 to-
day, stressing the importance the
Imperial High Command places on
clinging to that Philippine Island.
Artillery Hits Hard
Enemy ground casualties passed
15,000 more than ten days ago, Gen.
Douglas MacArthur has announced.
Since then he has reported"terrific"
enemy losses because of heavy Am-
erican artillery and infantry fire-
power and the "practical destruc-
tion" of the Japanese First Division.
Added to this toll are 26,000 Nip-
ponese troops which headquarters
estimated, were lost at sea, west of
Ormoc, in the destruction of. seven
inbound convoys by American planes
based on Leyte.
'Scare' BuyingY
Causes Cu rrent
ag Sortwvc
WASHINGTON, DEC. 1-(P)-
OPA asserted today that cigaret
manufacturers had nothing to do
with the current shortage.
The statement, reinforcing earlier
comments in the same vein, was is-
sued in denial of widespread man-
in-the-street rumors that manufac-
turers are holding back some of their
stocks. Rumor had it that this with-
* holding, and a contention on the part
of manufacturers that raw tobacco
prices are too high for the present
ceilings on smokes, might bring
about an increase in the wholesale
ceiling price.
OPA flatly denied this. It said
that not since March, 1942, have
manufacturers of popular brands or
the tobacco industry as a whole
sought a ceiling boost.
On Capitol Holl today, Senator
Wheeler (D.-Mont.) called on the
Federal Trade Commission to investi-
gate the shortage, saying service men
and civilians are "entitled to know
the facts."
*,' '4~ 'p
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, DEC. 1-Army and Navy boards of inquiry
found that errors of judgment in both Washington and Hawaii had had
a part in the Pearl Harbor disaster but discovered no grounds for any
court martial proceedings, it was announced tonight.
War Secretary Stimson and Navy Secretary Forrestal !issued state-
ments simultaneously summing up conclusions of the two boards, but
said the reports themselves could not, for reasons of military security,
be released until after the war.
Each said, too, that he intended to
,4t
continue a personal investigation,
gathering the stories of witnesses not
available now because they are en-
gaged in combat, and when all the
evidence was in would review the
present tentative decisions against
disciplinary action.
Demands in Congress
With release of the statements,
there were immediate demands in
Congress, chiefly from Republicans,
for a Congressional investigation of
why the Japanese achieved complete
surprise with their Dec. 7, 1941, at-
tack on the Hawaiian naval base and
sank or disabled eight battleships.
Many Democrats said, however, that
the statements from Stimson and
Forrestal should end the matter.
On the point of fault, the Navy's
statement said: "The Secretary in
his findings upon the evidence be-
fore the court of inquiry and all the
other proceedings in the matter to
date, has found that there were er-
rors of judgment on the part of cer-
tain officers in the naval service,
both at Pearl Harbor and at Wash-
ington."
Stimson's Statement
Stimson said: "The Army Pearl
Harbor Board, although it recom-
mended no disciplinary or other ac-
tion, concluded that there were sev-
eral officers in the field and in the
War Department who did not per-
form their duties with the necessary
skill or exercise the judgment which
was required under the circumstan-
ces. On the recorded evidence, I
agree with some but not all of the
board's conclusions."
Foremen Will
Meet Here Sooni
First meeting of the Extension
Service-sponsored annual foremen's
conference, to be divided into several
one-day sessions, will be held Feb. 16
at the Rackham Educational Mein-,
orial in Detroit.
Co-sponsored by the National As-
sociation of Foremen and the Michi-
gan and Ohio Foremen's Club, the
Detroit meeting will serve as a prel-
ude to the planned May conference
to be held in Ann Arbor.
Attendance at the conferences will
be limited to 1,000 "since it has been
found that a larger group cannot be
handled successfully," Extension Ser-
vice officials pointed out.
Strikes Keep
11,000 Detroit
Workers Idle
WLB Moves To End
Engine Plant Dispute
By The Associated Press
DETROIT; Dec. .--Strikes con-
tinued tonight to keep two Detroit
war plants and part of a third closed,
making more than 11,00 workers
idle.
The regional War Labor Board
moved to end a dispute that halted
production of parts for Superfortress
engines in the aircraft engine divi-
sion of Chrysler Corporation's main
Dodge plant. Some 1,300 employes
were involved in this dispute over
transfer of an employe from one job
to another.
Mass Meeting Tomorrow
Officers of Local 3, United Auto-
mobile Workers (CIO), called the
strikers to attend a mass meeting
tomorrow morning (8 a.m.), and- the
WLB notified the Union that unless
the men voted to return to work
immediately a "show cause" hearing
would be conducted three hours later.
Welders Suspended a
,Some 3,800 employes of the Gra-
ham-Paige Motors Corp. continued
on strike supporting the stand of 23
welders who walked out Tuesday
protesting what they said was a vio-
lation of seniority rules, and were
suspended for a week when they
returned to work Wednesday.
Annual Union
Forma IWill
Be Held Today
The 15th Annual Union Formal
will be presented by the Union Exec-
utive Council from 9 p. m. to mid-
night today in the Rainbow Room of
the Union.
The first formal of the season will
be highlighted by the music of Bill
Layton and his orchestra. Featured
with the orchestra will be vocalist
Judy Ward and Dwight Daily, first-
alto saxophone player. During the
evening the orchestra gave the first
public performance of "Too Late,"
written by Ruth Wolkowsky, '45 SM.
Gardenia corsages will be given each
woman. All other corsages will be
forbidden. The dance will be at-
tended only by Union members- and
their guests.
n- 'p '#
Dance To Feature
A rmy-Na'uy Game
All Army-Navy rooters will have
the opportunity of following the
War, Navy Chiefs
Issue Summaries
No Grounds For Kimmel and Short
Court Martial Found by Committee
WAR NEWS AT A GLANCE
By The Associated Press
WESTERN FRONT-U. S. Armies in western Germany seize
9-mile 'sector of Saar Valley and drive two new wedges into Roer River
Line.
PACIFIC FRONT-Liberators make two more attacks against Iwo
Jima air strips. 7th Infantry repulses Jap attacks south of Ormoc on
Leyte; fighter planes active.
RUSSIAN FRONT-Germans say Budapest being evacuated. Reds,
striking along west bank of Danube, within 77 miles of city.
,,. . . ,'-
NECESSARY CHANGES:
Olson Commends Proposed
State Tax Allocation Plans
Approving Michigan Tax Study
Commission proposals to send a
much larger share of the annual
$450,000,00 state and local revenue
into urban areas, Herbert A. Olson,
director of the Michigan Municipal
League said yesterday, "Changes in
the tax allocation set-up have been
necessary for years-I am very much
pleased with the Committee's action."
Although the Study Commission
proposed no new big taxes, the group
emphasized local responsibility for
local spending.
A new formula for highway tax al-
per cent of the total highway tax re-
ceipts.
In addition, the Study Commission
recommendations extend to auto-
motive taxes, sales, property and in-
tangible taxes.
REVENGE ON FRENCH THREATENED:
Nazis Consider Break With Rules o Warfre
By he Associated Press
LONDON-A German High Com- Alsace for Franc-Tireur (guerilla)
mand statement distributed by the acts.
A statement issued at Supreme
Headquarters Allied Expeditionary
French Second Armored Division,
had announced that sniping in the