T MICHIGAN DAILY
TUESDAY, APRIL 17, 1944
U I
Of 4 r,
F ffty- fth Year
WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
Roosevelt 'Colorful Copy''
C 'oU , R R E N TMO IE
MOVIES
BBARRIL WATIERS
DUMBARTON OAKS FORUM:
'Pro' Arguments Presented
I
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NIGHT EDITOR: ANNETTE SHENKER.
Editorials published in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views of the writers only.
By DREW PEARSON
WASHINGTON-The town seems very empty
today-and a little numb. Actually Frank-
lin Roosevelt hasn't been here much this win-
ter, and things are really no different. He went
to Warm Springs after his re-election, then
to Hyde Park for Christmas, then, after the
inauguration, to Yalta, then back to Hyde
Park and Warm Springs. I doubt if he had
been in Washington a total of two months since
election day. But people always felt that he
was here, that he had his hands on things, and
so the town seems empty.
Even the guards around the public build-
ings, the folks who sit on the park benches,
the elevator operators, the taxi drivers, seem
a little lost. More than any other man, Roose-
velt was their president. They felt he was
working for them. And he was. They know
it will be hard for them to get another such
friend.
It is hard to write about Roosevelt now that
he is dead. It was easy to write about him when
he was living. He was vivid, colorful copy. And
batting out one column a day, seven days a
week for thirteen years, I have probably writ-
ten more about him than any other man in
America-some things he liked, some he didn't
like, and some he criticized quite frankly in
public.
But not everything was written. And here
are some of the unwritten things I remember
about Franklin Roosevelt.
FAR Emptied Arsenals ...
HAVE ALWAYS THOUGHT that Roosevelt
turned the tide of the European war by a
daring move in the late spring of 1940, when
France fell and it looked as if England were
about to be invaded. "
The British had lost most of their arms at
Dunkerqub. Their arsenals were almost empty.
Ours were none too full, but the President, in
one bold stroke, emptied them. He knew that
if he waited, Hitler would invade England. He
knew what the consequences were to the United
States if that happened.
He knew also that if b went' to Congress,
it would debate pro and con for weeks, and
the isolationists might defeat him. So he
took the law into his own hands. Probably
he acted illegally. But he acted. And Englnd
was saved.
How Dewey Go' Had. ..
HAVE ALWAYS THOUGHT that Roosevelt
won his fourth term campaign by a very
smart piece of strategy which only he would
have devised. He got Tom Dewey mad. He
deliberately set out to get him mad.
Dewey had been coastin, along, making
semi-New Deal speeches which were beginning
to win a few votes away from Roosevelt.
Your Part
THE SORROW of the nation's loss is still in
the hearts of the people. But the liment
must end.
Time will not wait for us. We must go on.
but not as before. It is trite to be reminded
that what we do now is vital, but the fact is
no less true.
Statesmen can be no greater than th
people they represent. We must fill the need
for great statesmen by making ourselves po-
tent. The success of the Golden Gate Confer-
ence and those which follow it is directly
dependent on the knowledge and actions of
the American people. We have only made the
slightest of efforts-to reaj, to listen, to think.
It took a December 7th to shock us into good
intentions. Perhaps April 12th will provide
the impetus for thinking and action.
Few of us at Michigan will be invited to attend
the San Francisco conference-nor will our
names appear on any of the documents signed
there. But that in no way decreases the neces-
sity for our knowing intimately all that the
united representatives decide. What those men
do will directly concern our lives and the lives
of our children for years to come.
Popular opinion can be a stronger force
now than ever before. If a greater know-
ledge of what was determined at 1umbar-
ton Oaks, what student groups similar to
our Post-War Council and Town Mall are
debating, and what editorialists and news-
commentary magazines are considering will
help us to develop our own opinions about our
post-war world, then by all means they de-
serve our active consideration.
True, it is sometimes difficult for us now to
take a perspective view of the events about
us. It will be easier for us to. let the histo-
rians of the 21st century figure out what hap-
pens here now. But our .own actions now will
in a large measure determine the sort of histo-
ry those future writers can set down.
--Milt Freudenheim
ing Harry Hopkins and his son Jimmy, and asked
them to submit their reasons why they thought
he should run. One of those present made a
particularly eloquent plea. When the confer-
ence was over and the group, filed out, Jimmy
rushed up and said:
"What are you trying t do? You're trying
to kill my father! No man can live through
terms in that job. You can't do this to him.
We won't let you do this to him!"
"Jimmy," said the White House aide, "he's
your father, but he belongs to the country as
well. He belongs to the world."
(copyright, 1945, Bell Syndicate, Inc.)
I'D RATHER BE RIGHT:
New President
By SAMUEL GRAFTON
WE, IN AMERICA, are forced, under the rigidi-
ties of our Constitutional system, to accept
,whomever happens to be vice-president as our
new national leader. The system is stiff, but
the results are not wholly bad. All parties, all
factions, tend to moderate their approach to
the new .man, knowing that they will have to
live with him, in this case for three years and
nine months. There is a kind of coming togeth-
er. A period of adulation always sets in for a
president who takes office by the accident of
death; we search for good words; we say he is
simple, he is thrifty, he is steady, he is hard-
working. It does not matter what words we
choose; for what we are really saying is that our
father is a wise father,, our father is a kind
father, he is like ourselves, there is something
of all of us in him. The purpose of our adula-
tion is to make ourselves safe.
We are concerned about what kind of presi-
dent Mr. Truman will make, but partly it is a
question of what kind of president and how
much of a president we make of him. Here a
sound American instinct has already gone to
work, one of the sweetest and fairest aspects
of the American character; for we are busy
,making Mr. Truman President, in ur own
minds. He will be Pesident, never fear. The
question of whether he has it in him to be
"a President" cannot be deduced from a
minute examination of his modest past ree-
ord; if lie will but allow us to make him a
President, we will make him one.
The political significance of this intense desire
on our part to have a President, is that it
gives Mr. Truman something like Mr. Roose-
velt's famous first "hundred days."
We cannot deny a new President the first two
or three, or seven, things he wants, for if we
block him at the start, we have no President.
One of the loudest isolationist newspapers in
America has just said editorially that it will
not attempt to judge Mr.Truman for up to six
months. This is a political fact of the first
importance. The schedule falls in such a
manner that we are compelled to make prime
decisions during Mr. Truman's "hundred days"
We must decide within that period on world
organization, on Bretton Woods, on the recon-
struction of Europe. We can defeat Mr. Tru-
man on these issues only at the cost of having
no President at all during the remaining three
and one-half years of his term.
It is not a mystical statement, then, to say
that what kind of President we shall have de-
pends in great measure upon ourselves. The
problem is not Mr. Truman's alone, it is ours.
If we misbehave nationally during the next
hundred days, we shall be leaderless there-
after.
But, in this process of the making of a presi-
dent, what the man himself does is also import-
ant. We can make him only so much a President
as he will allow us to. One of my friends, in
the hour of grief said it was rather brusque
of Mr. Truman to move into the White House
offices, and start working, even before the fu-
neral. No criticism could be wider of the mark.
A President must be a president.
Mr. Truman could have dodged several de-
cisions during his first day. Instead of an-
nouncing that the San Francisco conference
would go on, as scheduled, he could have said
that be wanted time to study the situation;
and a sensible remark that would have seemed,
too. He could have delayed addressing Con-
gress for a week, and the troops for a fort-
night; these decisions, too, would have ap-
peared sanely conservative, and right. But
it is not enough merely to be safely right on
spot issues. One must think of the net effect;
and the net effect of such decisions would
have been tentative, faltering, uncertain.
Mr. Truman showed an instinct for total at-
mosphere, for understanding what things add
up to on balance, and in sum. He could have
spent a little time not being quite the Presi-
dent, looking it over. But he is willing to
try to be President, and we can ask no more
of any man.
The American people can, have a Presi-
dent, if they want one, if they put fear out
of their hearts, as Mr. Truman must have
done, when, after taking oath, he " took his
first few steps.
(Copyright, 1945, New York Post Syndicate)
At* the Michigan
ADMITTEDLY attended the Mich-
igan's "National Velvet" with
grave doubts as to my entertainment
prospects. "National Velvet" you see,
is a "horse picture," and after suffer-
ing through that recent bore, "Thun-
derhead," I felt that it was asking
too much of any man to sit through
another hour and a half of rampant
horseflesh.
"National Velvet," however, turns
out to be a highly enjoyable film, pro-
vided you're in a light, relaxed mood.
It does not concentrate on horses
with quite the morbid determination
that "Thunderhead" employed. There
are soothing glimpses of ordinary
humans to balance the presence of
the equine actors, and they are pro-
vided with intelligent, if not brilliant,
dialogue, instead of the monosylla-
bles of "Thunderhead."
The story, adapted from Enid
Bagnold's novel, concerns a young
English girl who wins a horse in a
lottery and rides her prize to vic-
tory in a thrillingly photographed
Grand National. Excellent direc-
tion by Clarence Brown and adroit
performances by Elizabeth Taylor,
Anne Revere, and Donalgd Crisp
have lifted these cliches above the
routine and fashioned them into a
thoroughly likeable film.
At the State .."
SWWEDISH character actor Oscar
Homolka once summed up his
first Hollywood venture, "Ebbtide,"
as "the only B picture ever made in
technicolor." Mr. Homolka should
now stand advised that his statement
has been amended. There is noth-
ing to distinguish the State's "Sudan"
from the ordinary run of B pictures,
except the element of technicolor.
The film is another one in the
Maria Montez series. It presents,
once again the mythical kingdom,
the beautiful queen, her energetic
admirers, etc., etc. I sat through
it mainly by telling myself that,
after all, the movies are the great
popular art of our time and that
"Sudan" is merely a manifestation
of that fact. Actually, I don't think
I'd mind this sort of thing so much
if they were just done with a sense
of humor. They insist on taking
themselves so seriously, however,
that you begin to wonder if Hol-
lywood has a rather low opinion of
your mentality.
While nothing the screen will ever
do will descend to the depths of bore-
dom reached by Miss Montez' last
effort, "Gypsy Wildcat," "Sudan" is
still not anything to write a fan let-
ter about. The star is easy to look
it, of course, but she doesn't do any-
thing for a sarong that Dorothy La-
hasn'tsalready done to better
advantage. Hero Jon Hall is on
hand, per usual, and wears his togas,
or what-have-you, . with his usual
poise and patience. Turhan Bey is
present also, and the ladies in the
audience, who should know whereof
they speak, apparently found much
to admire in him.
P,1! ___
J-i---m
(EDITORS aNOTrE; in order to give all
students an oportunity to familiarize
themselves with the Dumbarton Oaks
provisions,- Tip Daily, with the coopera-
tion of the Post-war Council, is pres-
enting a series of articles on various
phases of the plans to be discussed at
the San Francisco conference opening
April 25. An outline of the organiza-
tion proposed was presented on Sunday's
editorial page; a 'Con' discussion, an
explanation of the connection between
Dumbarton Oaks and Bretton Woods
plans, and editorials by members of The
Daily staff will apear later this week.
Letters to the Editor on any phase of
the discussion are welcome.)
HAT THE Dumbarton Oaks Pro-'
posals are perfect no one will
maintain. Any set of compromises
such as those contained in the pro-
posals are bound to fall short of
perfection. But if they have other
virtues ,they should not be rejected
because they fail to usher in the
millennium and the Dumbarton Oaks.
Proposals do have other virtues.
It should be evident to a world
at war that any plan which estab-
lishes the means of settling inter-
national differences peacefully and
which provides for the use of force
to prevent or stop aggression is
better than nothing. The world
tried to get along without such
machinery for centuries with obvi-
ous failure to keep international
peace. Neutrality Acts, Embargos,
Oxford Oaths, "Splendid Isolation"
have been tried without success;
defensive alliances of powerful al-
lies have not kept their members
from being attacked.
The men who met at Dumbarton
Oaks not only worked out proposals
that are better than no machinery
at all, but they also made improve-
ments on the League of Nations. First
of all, the requirement that all deci-
sions made by the Assembly and the
Council had to be unanimous (except
for nations which were parties to a
dispute) is not retained by the plan
devised at Dumbarton Oaks. Under
the new plan, a two-thirds or even
a simple majority is sufficient for a
decision in the Assembly; in the
Security Council a majority vote is
sufficient in most cases, but when
deciding upon action to be taken
against an aggressor, a unanimous
vote of the Big Five is required.
Though this arrangement concerning
the method of voting in the Security
Council is far from perfect, still the
old, impractical unanimity rule has
at least been discarded.
A second improvement over the
League of Nations is the provision
for a Military Staff Committee and
certain armed contingents. One of
the most frequent changes made
against the League was that it
lacked "teeth," and these provis-
ions in the Dumbarton Oaks plan
are an attempt to put the teeth
for enforcement into the world
security organization. It will be a
tremendous advantage to the or-
ganization to have plans and for-
ces ready and available for imme-
diate action whenever necessary.
Something new has also been ad-
ded in the form of an Economic and
Social Council. This body is to co-
ordinate the many humanitarian ac-
tivities of such groups as the Inter-
national Labor Organization-which
was practically separate from the
League of Nations-UNRRA, the
Food and Agricultural organization
and others.
These are some of the most im-
portant improvements on the old
League which have already been
made, and no doubt further im-
provements will be made at the
San Francisco Conference. Within
the next month or so we shall
know what alterations are plan-
ned in the mandate system and the
Permanent Court of International
Justice, and what declaration of
world-wide human rights is pro-
posed.
In spite of this lack of perfection,
it is imperative that the United States
and the other United Nations adopt
the Dumbarton Oaks proposals as
they are polished up at San Fran-
cisco. The document which emer-
ges from the Golden Gate Conference
will be the Charter upon which the
United Nations can agree at the
present .time, and the only such char-
ter. The choice before us will not be
between this document and a mor-e
perfect plan, but between this docu-
ment and nothing. After the First
World War the United States reject-
ed the League Covenant, and the al-
ternative was not a better plan but
isolation. We have learned all too
painfully that this was an expensive
alternative.
For the United States to reject
the United Nations Charter as out-
lined in the:Dumbarton Oaks plan
.would be disastrous. If we, the
most important nation in. the world,
without whom no peace plan can
succeed, join the organization and
work for its improvement from
within whenever possible while we
are cooperating to use its facilities
to the utmost, we can have peace
in our time. The alternative: a
Third World War.
-Elizabeth Hawley
Post-War Council
'I
q
His Seattle
sion speech
tical withl
not enough
didates for
the Gallup
was not a
So at the
speech on labor, his old-age pen-
at Los Angeles, were almost iden-
FDR.'s own policies. There was
basic difference between the can-
people to get out and vote. And
Poll told Roosevelt that if there
heavy vote, he would lose.
Teamster's dinner, he deliberately
jl
DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN
set out to prod and poke Governor Dewey and
stir him into a rage. Dewey fell for the trap
and at Oklahoma City came back with a smash-
ing speech attacking Roosevelt on everything.
Republican leaders were delighted. So was
the President.
From that time on, labor began to get sore.
They rallied to get out the vote. From that
point on, Roosevelt knew he was elected.
I have always thought that if FDR hadn't
succeeded in getting Dewey mad, Dewey might
be in the White House today.
FDR Belonged to World...
SIHORTLY BEFORE THE END of his second
term, Roosevelt, still silent as to his third
term plans, was under heavy pressure to run
again. Jimmy Roosevelt was then a member of
the White House staff.
Roosevelt called in a group of advisers, includ-
ON S ECON
By Ray Dixoss
f ET'S ALL HOPE that the new president is a
Goodman and, a Wellman as well as a Tru-
man.
Everyone thought that crossing the 1lbe
would be as hard as the seats in 1hill Audit-
oriumn, but the Yanks didn't think so.
It's beginning to look as though Hitler is
beginning to see red and our troops are going
to see Red.
Meanwhile the Russians are promenading
on the banks of the Danube and should know
by now whether it's everything Strauss said
it was.
What a war! Events move as slowly as Uni-
versity time month after month and then all
of a sudden things move as fast as Louis
Prima's version of "The White Cliffs of Dover."
Question.: What game will be most popular
among delegates at the San Francisco Confer-
ence? Answer: Golden Gate Bridge.
TUESDAY, APRIL 1.7, 1945
VOL. LV, No. 123
is 1Ad dress
PRESIDENT TRUMAN, in his initial address
delivered yesterday before a joint session of
Congress, reaffirmed the aims to which our
nation stands pledged.
This is the speech America was awaiting.
The new President voiced only the familiar
ideals, accepted by all of us; yet somehow it
was important to us that he should repeat
them. We wanted to be told again, to be sure
that nothing had changed.
Discussing the post-war world, President Tru-
man declared that it is "the responsibility of the
great states to serve and not dominate the
peoples of the world." He expressed the im-
perative need for "a strong and lasting United
Nations organization," appealing for support at
San Francisco.
He asserted that our war strategy will con-
tinue "unchanged and unhampered," that we
shall win unconditional surrender from the
enemy.
He pledged himself to support the ideals "so
eloquently proclaimed by Franklin Roosevelt,"
ca;ling the nation to unite in their support.
WE HAVE LOST a friend. I believe
that I can speak honestly and
representatively for the Negro stu-
dents on the campus. We, probably
more than any segment of the Am-
erican population had come to love,
trust and respect Franklin Delano
Roosevelt.
Our problems were never refused
time and consideration by this great
"common" man, time and considera-
tion that was if at all possible fol-
lowed by direct action. His smile in
these considerations was never one of
tolerance but rather one of genuine
sincerity. He realized that the United
States could be no stronger than the
st-rength representbd by its con-
stituent elements. For this reason,
the legislation that grew 'out of his
ideas and programs were directed
toward a more inclusive policy- ofj
integration that was oblivious to all
narrow ideas of race, creed and color.
This spirit was truly one of the most
good for the most people. To be sure
he had his faults as do all humans
but becausekhis efforts were sincere,
we could ask mno more.
The Negro has lost a friend. His
very memory will give us hope in
our future in the United States andj
courage in our fight for the "free-
dom from shame."
-Ralph M. Gibson
President, Epsilon Chapter
Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity
1.y Crockett Johnson
Copyright, 1945, the Newspaper PM, Inc.
You realize, don't you,we,
i . ,.. e r rt '
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Notices
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nouncement for Substitute Clerk-
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ployment in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Substitutes salary 65 cents an hour.
Appointments are made from $1700
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information stop in at 201 Mason
Hall, Bureau of Appointments.
Lectures
Uiversity Lecture: Miss Helen M.
Martin of th'e Department of Conser-
vation will speak on the life of "Doug-
lass Houghton," on Thursday, April
19 at 3:15, in the Rackham Amphi-
theater, under the auspices of the
Department of Geology. The public is
cordially invited.
University Lecture: Dr. Pablo Mar-
tinez Del Rio of the National Univer-
sity of Mexico will lecture on the sub-
ject, "Visions of Mexico" (illustrated)
at 3:15 p. m. today in the Rackham
amphitheatre under the auspices of
the Department of History. The pub-
lic is cordially invited.
sity Symphony Orchestra, Gilbert
Ross, Acting Conductor, will meet in
Lane Hall at 3 p. m. today for regu-
lar rehearsal. On Friday, April 20,
the orchestra will meet in Hill Audit-
orium at the usual time.
Polonia, Club : There will be a, meet-
ing today in the International Cen-
ter at 6:30 p. m. Plans.for a forth-
coming picnic will be discussed in ad-
dition to the regular social func-
tions.
All students interested in Polish
culture are welcome.
Alpha Phi Omega will initiate its
new pledges for the spring term to-
nite at 7:30 at the Michigan Union.
Those prospective pledges having re-
ceived invitations as well as all reg-
ular members are requested to be
present on time in order that the
ceremonies may begin promptly.
The Christian Science Students'
Organization is holding a meeting to-
night at 7:15 in the chapel of the
Michigan Lea'ue. All are welcome to
attend.
Coming Events
Spanish Play: La Sociedad Hispa-
nica will present its annual play,
Zaragueta, on Tuesday and Wed-
nesday, April 17 and 18, at 7:30 p.m.
in the Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre.
Call 6300 for reservations. La Socie-
dad lecture series tickets are good
for 25 cents toward purchasing a
play ticket by surrendering lecture
ticket.
The Research Clubs: The annual
Memorial Meeting will be held in the
Amphitheater of the Rackham Buil-
ding on Wednesday evening, April
18, at 7 o'clock. Professor Here-
ward T. Price will read a paper
on "Henry Bradley" and Profes-
sor Ernest F. Barker one on "Wilselm
Conrad Bradley."
The twenty-eighth State Cham-
pionship Debate of the Michigan High
School Forensic Association will be
held at 2:00 p. :m., Friday,
April 20, in the auditorium of the
Kellogg Institute. The Eastern High
School of Lansing will uphold the af-
i
Id
BARNABY
We haven't tried to get into your office an -lmarid
I r'AfoI,1t (o hrwvAn'* uaI Ianrnd A iimafad
I1
An eminent British physicist explained the