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VOL. LV, No. 123 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN TUESDAY, APRIL 17, 1945
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Paris
Reports
mer icans,
Russians
Join
Forces
C a .'+>
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President Truman Will
Unconfirmed
Red Paratroops Land Near BerIhn
Carry Out FDR 's
Ideals)
'Chtists Drop
I-SJe ' Capital
Deense Ring
LONDON, Tuesday, April 17.-(,,)
-The Germans reported today that
Soviet parachutists had landed be-
hind German lines less than 23 miles
from Berlin yesterday even as Adolf
Hitler was demanding a defensive
death-stand against what he called
the "last massed" Russian offensive
against the Nazi capital.
The Red Army airborne troops
dropped in Berlin's defense ring
somewhere between the city's eastern
limits and heights won by the Red
Army 23 miles to the east, the Berlin
radio commentator Ernst Von Ham-
mer said, as German reports indi-
cated that four Russian armies to-
talling perhaps 2,000,000 men were
on the move.
120-Mile Front
The long-expected offensive burst
upon the Germans at 3:50 a.m., to-
day, the German high command an-
nounced, and drove forward along a
blazing 120-mile front within 85
miles of a link-up with American
Armies that might end the war.
The deafening drum-fire of Rus-
sian guns was heard ceaselessly
throughout the day in Berlin, the
enemy said, as Soviet assault units
battled into massive, reinforced forti-
fications under cover of hundreds of
Red Army planes bombing and ma--
chine-gunning enemy positions on
Berlin's eastern approaches
Unofficial Red Confirmation
Indirect confirmation that the of-
fensive had opened came from Mos-
cow.,
"The attack on Berlin from the
east and west has started," Soviet
historian Eugene Tarlel said over the
Moscow radio; while Associated Press
Correspondent Eddy Gilmore cabled
through censorship, "There is reason
to believe that the offensive of which
the Nazis are in such dread is upon
them."
Acoring to German reports, the
Russian grand strategy was develop-
ing into a triple assault that men-
aced Berlin frontally and threatened
to link with American Armies both
north and south of the capital.
Religtous Music
To Betoic
Dr. Helen A. Dickinson of the
Union Theological Seminary will
speak on "The Place of Music in
Protestant Worship" at 8 p. m. EWT
(7 p. m. CWT) tomorrow at Kellogg
Auditorium in a speech sponsored by
the Student Religious Association in
co-operation with the School of Edu-
cation.
Dr. Dickinson took her master's
degree at Queen's University at On-
tario, Canada and her Ph. D. at
Heidelberg, Germany where she was
the first woman student of philoso-
phy. At present, she holds a lec-
tureship at the Union Theological
Seminary. Her speech is the second
in a series of speeches on sacred mu-
sic.
CAMPUS EVENTS
Today "Seminar on Religious
and Character Educa-
tion," begins at 10 a. m..
EWT (9 a. m. CWT) in
the West Conference
Room, Rackham.
Today Stump Speakers Society
prize contest, 7:30 p. m.
EWT (6:30 p. m. CWT),
Rm. 319, the Union.
Today and April 18 "Zaragueta,"
Spanish comedy, 8:30
p. in. EWT (7:30 p. m.
CWT), the Lydia Mendel-
ssohn Theatre.
April 18 "The Place of Music in
Protestant Worship," to
be discussed by Dr. Helen
Dickinson, 8 p. m. EWT
(7 p. m. CWT), Kellogg
Auditorium.
April 19 Student Town Hall for-
um, 7:45 p. m. EWT (6:45
p. m. CWT), Lane Hall.
April 19-21 "Citizen Kane," Art
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HEART OF BATTLE AREA IN GERMANY--Advanced Drive of First
and Third army armored columns in Leipzig area (1) topped latest
announced thrusts of Allies in Germany, as Ninth Army pushed closer
to Berlin in north (2) and Germans reported Russian forces (3) were
beginning an offensive on the Eastern front (solid line) aimed at en-
gulfing Berlin and linking with the Americans.
PROF. LIGON TO SPEAK:
Religious Education Seminar
To Be Held Toda at Rackham
Alliesdown
845 Planes
Luftwaffe Receives
Giant Knockout Blow
By The Associated Press
LONDON, Tuesday, April 17.-At,
least 845 German planes were de-
stroyed yesterday by Allied fighters
in a cataclysmic blow against the
Nazi air force and last night an ob-
server commented, "The Luftwaffe
has been knocked o4."
At the same time Gen. Carl A.
Spaatz issued a special order of the
day saying the strategic air war
against Germany had ended victori-
ously and that hereafter U.S. heavyI
bombers would be used for tactical
operations.
Night Raids
More than 6,000 Allied planes join-
ed in the mighty daylight assault of
the enemy, and the German radio
reported the air attacks were being
continued through the night by both
Russian and British bombers.
Approximately 2,000 fighter pilots
participated in the history-making
blast against Germany's boarded
front line planes, splintering 812 of
them on the ground and shooting 33
others from the sky.'
Upwards of 40 enemy air fields in
the Pilsen-Prague area of Czecho-
slovakia were strafed by U.S. Eighth
Air Force fighters which had escorted
heavy bombers on a mission against
communications targets. Tactical air
forces based on the continent fanned
out in a series of attacks against
enemy airdromes and targets over a
wide area.
Totals 2,850
This great assault, over-shadowing
the previous single day's record of
377 planes destroyed, made last
Tuesday, raised to at least 2,950 the
number of enemy aircraft wrecked in
the first 16 days of April.
Spaatz, Commander of the U.S.
strategic air forces in Europe com-
prising the Eighth Air Force in Bri-
tain and the Fifteenth Air Force in
Italy, said, "The advances of our
ground forces have brought to a close
the strategic air war."
Students Honor
Late President
In V Service
A crowd of nearly 3,000 students,
faculty members and townspeople,
participating in the University Mem-
orial Service, paid tribute to Presi-
dent Franklin Delano Roosevelt at
Hill Auditorium Sunday.
Joining together in hymns and
prayers, led by the Reverend Henry
Lewis of the Ann Arbor Episcopal
Church, the audience also heard se-
lections from some of President Roo-
sevelt's writings read by Prof. John
Henry Muyskens of the Department
of Speech.
A color guard composed of one
marine, two soldiers and one sailor
carried the colors down the center
aisle of Hill Auditorium and stacked
them along the sides.
An organ prelude, rendered by
Prof. Palmer Christian, University
Organist, opened the program, after
which the audience rose to sing the
National Anthem.
The choirs of the First Methodist
Church and the Presbyterian Church
and the Navy Choir led in the singing
of two hymns, "Oh God, Our Help 'in
Ages Past" and "Onward, Christian
Soldiers".
ByThe Associated Press
WASHINGTON, April 16-Presi-
dent Truman pleaded with Congress
and with all Americans today to help
him carry out the war and peace
ideals of Franklin Delano Roosevelt
and boldly warned the Axis:
1-There will be no terms short of
unconditional surrender.
2-No war criminal can hope to es--
cape punishment. None will be per-
mitted to plot future wars in any
mountain retreat, such as Berchtes-
gaden.
Immediate reaction to the speech
was couched in the highest of praise-'
worthy terms. Senator Vandenberg
(R.-Mich.) called it "a very fine dedi-
Hunger Riots
Occurring Dal
In Reich Capital
Rebellion Predicted
By Berlin Reporter
(EDITOR'S NOTE: Olle Olen, 32-year-old
Berlin correspondent of the Stockholms
Morgontidningen, has watched the de-
cline of Hitlerism since 1942 and was one
of the last two Swedish correspondents in
Germany, leaving that capital April 8.
By OLLE OLLEN
Associated Press Correspondent
STOCKHOLM, April 16-Hunger
riots were occurring daily in the nor-
thern and eastern sections of Berlin
when I left the German capital eight
days ago.
On the eve of my departure hungry
mothers of starving children stormed
food shops in the Alexanderplatz and
almost lynched an SA (Stormtroop)
guard who tried to quiet them with
the suggestion they economize on
their bread rations.
Rebellion Ripe
The population is ripe for rebellion
but it will be a hunger revolt, not a
fight for freedom.
The Germans have forgotten what
freedom is. As long as starvation
stays away from their doors there
never ds any chance of insurrection
even though 90 per cent of the cap-
ital's citizens heartily wish for a
speedy end to the Nazi hierarchy.
Not even the iron grip of the SS
(Elite Guard) can prevent hungry
mothers from storming bakeries or
bread wagons which are not provided
with a military guard.
Month Change
A month ago Berlin was an apa-
thetic city, a city which, compared
with Copenhagen, was like dough not
yet in ferment. No machinegun pis-
tols rattled unexpectedly in the
streets. No "freedom fighters" tried
to accelerate with bombs the inevit-
able development. There were no
great illegal organizations function-
ing, only weariness and loquacious
hopelessness.
Littell Discusses
Anti -Seitism
"An enforced discipline established
by community societies such as reli-
giofis groups, professional societies
and trade unions is one of the best
methods to combat racial prejudice,"
said Dr. Franklin Littell, Director of
the Student Religious Association, in
an address on the "Religious Aspects
of Anti-Semitism" delivered last
night at Hillel Foundation.
Stating that education is not the
most fundamental means to attack
prejudice, Dr. Littell asserted that
some of the worst examples of anti-
Semitism are found in people who
know that it is wrong.
cation to victory and the public wel-
fare." To Senator Connally (D-
Tex.) it was "eloquent and forceful."
Speech Commended
Many house members hit on the
same phrases-honest, sincere, reas-
suring. Soviet Ambassador Gromyko
called it "wonderful."
Catapulted to the highest office in
the land by the death of Mr. Roose-
velt, the President seized his first op-
portunity to address a joint session
of Congress shortly after noon,.punc-
tuating a hectic day that started for
him in the White House at 8:15 a. In.
After he conferred with Secretary
of State Stettinius and British For-
eign Minister Anthony Eden, the
President came to the capitol at
12:30, took the rostrum of the house
at 1:03 and spoke for 19 minutes of
his grave duties ahead.
Thunderous applause greeted the
spare, smiling President as he arrived,
attired in a black suit relieved by a
blue and white pocket handkerchief.
Scene of Sharp Contrast
He stood erect until the applause
subsided, and unused to his role,
nervously started his speech before
he was presented. Speaker Rayburn
interrupted and Mr. Truman started
again.
It was a scene in sharp contrast to
the last appearance of Mr. Roosevelt,
seated in a wheel chair down in front,
when he reported on Yalta March 1.
Silence Adequate Tribute
There was another sharp contrast
as President Truman studiously fol-
lowed the text of his 1,500-word ad-
dress, unlike Mr. Roosevelt's frequent,
Homey interpolations.
The President said that a more
adequate tribute to the fallen leader
would be reverent silence but .in this
hour, silence might give comfort to
the enemy. Thus he felt called on,
he said, to chart the nation's "for-
ward" course because "our departed
leader never looked backward."
Towe Hall Will
Discuss Greek
Letter Societies
"Fraternities and sororities-bene-
fit or detriment to the Michigan
campus?" is the topic which will be
discussed at Student Town Hall at
7:45 p.m. EWT (6:45 p.m. CWT)
Thursday in Lane Hall lecture hall.
The topic h~as been chosen by pop-
ular appeal, Town Hall's co-chair-
men, Martin Shapero and John Con-
dylis, have announced, and the
speakers selected for the short de--
bate which will open the meeting will
represent a variety of .student opin-
ions.
The debate will be followed by an
informal discussion period open to
all students. This is the third Town
Hall forunj, the final meeting in a
series which has been designated pri--
marily for student-led discussions of
topics which hold special interest for
the students on this campus, the
chairmen said.
The Town Hall has had as its top-
ics the compulsory military training
controversy and the eighteen-year-
old vote question. Martin Shapero
stated that Thursday's discussion of
the benefits or detriments of sorori-
ties and fraternities here is more ex-
clusively an important campus ques-
tion than those of the two previous
meetings.
Announcement of the debate par-
ticipants will be made later. Fac-
ulty members are also invited to con-
tribute to Town Hall's forums. Dr.
Kenneth G. Hance of the speech de-
partment is faculty adviser to the
organization.
A "Seminar on Religious and Char-
acter Education" will be held all day
today in the West Conference Ropm
of the Rackham Building under the
joint auspices of the Michigan Chap-
ter of the Religious Education Asso-
cation of the United States and Can-
ada and the -University Counselor of
Religious Education.
"Some Christian Traits: How To
Teach Them" will be discussed by
Prof. Earnest M. Ligon at 10 a.m.
EWT (9 a.m. CWT) today. Used in
about 400 churches, Prof. Ligon's
teaching program is based on the
theory that vision, faith in the
friendliness of the universe and dom-
inant purpose, among other virtues
Del Rio Claims
Spain Abused
By Historians,
"Spain has had an unfair deal on
the part of many historians," Prof.
Pablo Martinez del Rio of the Uni-
versity of Mexico said in a lecture
sponsored by the Spanish Department
yesterday.
The Black Legend, the legend that
Spain always has and always will
continue to act in a satanic manner,
Prof. del Rio declared, was born of
seeds sown at the time of the Roman
Empire.I
The apposition, and at times oppo-
sition, which has existed since that
time between the Northern and Med-
iterranean European worlds was
transferred to the New World with
the coming of the Spanish Conquer-
ors, according to del Rio.
Prof. del Rio will deliver' an illu-
strated lecture on "Visions of Mex-
ico" under the auspices of the history
department at 4:15 p. in. EWT (3:15
p. mn. CWT) today in the Rackham
Amphitheatre.
Spanish Club
To Give Play
Presented by La Sociedad His-
panica under the direction of Prof.
Ermelindo A. Mercado of the Ro-
can be taught in the home and in
the church.
Author of Several Books
"The Psychology of the Christian
Personality" and "Their Future Is
Now" are among the books written
by Prof. Ligon.
Participants in the seminar led by
Prof. Ligon will be Prof. Francis J. I
Donahue, University of Detroit; Rab-
bi Leon Fram, Temple Israel,, De-
troit; Prof. Willard C. Olson of the
School of Education and Mrs. Peter
Stair.'
Prof. Theodore Newcomb of the
Department of Sociology; Prof. How-
ard McClusky of the School of Edu-
cation; the Rev. Henry J. Simpson
of Detroit and others will discuss
"How Can We Measure Religious
Growth" at 2:30 p.m. EWT (1:30
p.m. CWT).
Prof. Kraft To Speak
"The Religious Education Associa-
tion' will be discussed by Prof.
Charles F. Kraft, President, and Miss
Alice Goddard, Secretary, at 2 p.m.
EWT (1 p.m. CWT).
"How Religion Is Taught in the
Schenectady Plan" will be the topic
of a seminar chaired by George E.
Geer at 8 p.m. EWT (7 p.m. CWT)
at Kellogg Auditorium.
Announcements Will
Be Sold To Seniors
Final sale of printed announce-
ments for graduating seniors of the
Class of '45 will be held between 2
and 5 p.m. EWT (1 to 4 p.m. CWT)
tomorrow in the main corridor of
University Hall.
Juncture in
Elbe Valley
Meeting Takes Place
Near Pirna, Tetschen
By The Associated Press
LONDON, Tuesday, April 417
-The Paris radio reported without
official confirmation today that
American and Russian spearheads
had met in the Elbe River valley
south of Dresden.
The broadcast did not give the
source of the report, which said the
alleged meeting had taken place
between Pirna and Tetschen.
Last advices from the western
front indicated that approximately
85 miles still separated American
and Russian forces in tais area,
with U.S. spearheads still 30 miles
from Dresden.
Yet another American army, the
seventh, broke into the Nazi shrine
city of Nuernberg, 90 miles north of
Munich and an outer bastion of the
Germans' Alpine retreat, where the
final shots in the war in Europe may
be fired.
Crossing at Havelberg
The U. S. Ninth Army was 52 miles
southwest of Berlin after hacking.out
a foothold five miles beyond the Elbe,
and unconfirmed enemy reports said
the Americans had forced a new
crossing farther north at Havelberg,
45 miles northwest of Berlin and some
85 miles from Russian lines.
The U. S. First Army cut loose with
a 14-mile tank dash that swept into
Wurzen, 12 miles east of Leipzig,
where an estimated 1,000,000 civilians
faced an ordeal of fire and steel be-
mause 40,000 German troops are bent
on making a Stalingrad of that refu-
gee-swollen fifth city of the Reich.
Infantry battled up seven miles south
of the city.
The U. S. Third Army as well as
the first was 85 miles from Rssian
lines and slashing into the rear area
of German forces on the eastern
front. Both were up to if not acros
the western boundary of German ter-
ritory marked for Russian occupation.
Siege Chemnitz
The Third Army laid siege to
Chemnitz, was seven miles from the
border of Czechoslovakia, and shoved
a steel fist on northeast of Chemnitz
30 miles from the Elbe and Dresden.
In the north, the British Second
Army launched a big assault on Ger-
many's fine river port of Bremen,
advancing to within two and a half
miles of its southern outskirts and
farther east cut loose with a 15-mile
surge from its Aller river bridge-
head that wound up only 40 miles
southeast of Hamburg, Germany's
second largest city.
The Canadian First Army won the
battle of north Holland by capturing
Groningen,
Gale Da ages
Powier Lines,
Buildings Here
Damage to buildings and -power
lines resulting from the 70 mile per
hour gale which hit this area at 5
p.m. yesterday continued to mount
after first being estimated at $4,000.
A freakish gust of winl buckled the
doors at the south end of the Yost
Field House and then proceeded to
lift twenty sections of the cement
slab roof into the street. Henry
Hatch, equipment manager, esti-
mated that the slabs weighed ap-
proximately 150 pounds each. No
one was injured. Damage was un-
estimated.
A hangar at Ann Arbor Airport
housing a small monoplane was com-
pletely demolished and the plane was
a mass of wreckagewhen local police
officers reached the scene.
Three power interruptions were re-
ported by' the Edison Co.;' two at
Saline, the other at,. Ann Arbor. All
damaged power lines have been re-
paired.
Student Election
Will Be Held
The student representative to the
Board in Control of Student Publi-
cations will be selected from the
DO YOU THINK YOU ARE A GENIU S?
Psychological Clinic Aids in Student Adjustment'
By ANITA FRANZ
Next time you are seized with the
thought that you are possessed of
that rare and coveted trait, genius,
do not dismiss the idea, but delve
into the matter.
Looking like any other house in
the block, the little grey building
with the brownstone front at the
Students interested in vocational
guidance, or the measurement of
their intelligence and interests may
go to the Clinic for advice.
Between five and six hundred
college students go through the
Clinic in a year, according to Dr.
Wilma T. Donahue, clinical direc-
tor. Almost every day a testing
cial aptitudes such as music, art, or
mechanics, and interests and atti-
tudes (patterns related to vocational
interests).
After the examinations are com-
pleted the client has another inter-
view in which the test results are
discussed, and a plan is worked out
accordingly. The plan is usually of
a general rather than of a specific
same ability who have succeeded.
And, in the opposite direction, stu-
dents with low scholastic ability
who have succeeded are compared
with those of low aptitude who
have failed.
Serving as a training ground for
students in the two-year clinical psy-
chology course who are working for
their master's degree in psychology,