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Vol. LIV No. 2 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN WEDNESDAY, NOV. 3 ,1943
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Jeffries Is
Victorious in See-Saw Election
I;
n
Red Forces
Drive Nearing
Dnieper Head
Nazi Troops Forced
Into Retreat by Heavy
Red Crimean Smash
LONDON, Nov. 2.-(P)-Red Army
troops, having sealed off the Cri-
mea, accelerated their westward drive
across the Nogaisk Steppe today, cap-
tured the important Dnieper river
crossing town of Kakhovka and raced
to within 30 miles of the Dnieper
mouth port of Kherson.
Directly across the Dnieper from
Kakhovka, which lies in the mud
flats on the east bank, is the town
of Berislav. From Berislav roads ra-
diate in many directions through the
Dnieper bend area, in which large
German forces already are being
slashed and forced back from the
north.
All Around Attacks.
The Germans' harrassed Dnieper
bend armies thus were faced with as-
sault from the east and south as well
as from the northwest, the north, and
the northeast.
The Soviet column closest to Kher-
son, racing theredirectly from the
east, captured the steppe town of
Bolshaya Mayachki, 30 miles east of
the big Dnieper port. This Russian
force and also that in Kakhovka each
were entrenched tonight only 70
miles east of Nikolaev, Bug river
port of 170,000 peacetime population
which until only recently was report-
ed used as the German army's main
southern front headquarters.
Crimea Unmentioned
The Moscow daily communique,
which reported the fall of 70 other
towns and villages east of the lower
Dnieper, failed to. mention the Cri-
mea, which was sealed off at its two
northern entrances in a week of.
spectacular Soviet drives.
The German High Command, how-
ever, in its Tuesday communique, re-
ported a Red Army landing on the
Kerch neck of the Crimea jutting
eastward toward the Caucasus. Forces
of "considerable" size attacked both
above and below the town of Kerch,
Berlin said, one group being anni-
hilated but the second managing to
maintain a toehold. Berlin said the
second group was cordoned off.
Enemy Morale
Growing Worse
Moscow Conference
May Speed Crack-Up
WASHINGTON, Nov 2-()-The
morale of German soldiers on the
Russian front is reported to be wors-
ening steadily, and some authorities
see a possibility of an enemy crack-
upin the not too distant future.
This weakening of the will to fight
may be speeded by the military re-
sults of the Moscow three-power con-
ference, which are interpreted here as
promising an unprecedented degree
of unity between Russian and Anglo-
American forces in the final assaults
on encircled Germany.
Lewis Strides Into
UMW Meeting
A determined expression on his face, John L. Lewis, United Mine
Workers Chief, strides into a meeting of the Union's Policy Committee
in Washington amid an ovation from committeemen as most of the
nation's 374,000 soft coal miners laid down their tools to await develop-
ments in the long-standing dispute over a contract.
:k
e
'Back to Work' Order Withheld
By United Mine Workers Leaders.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 2.-(,P)-The
United Mine Workers leadership to-
night withheld "back to work" orders
for the nation's coal miners amid in-
dications that the vast majority of
the miners would observe the union
strike code and ignore President
Roosevelt's call for a return to the
pits tomorrow.
Union president John L. Lewis and
Secretary of Interior Ickes, U.S. mine
boss, attempted' meanwhile to come
Enrollment in
Nurs*gng School
Breaks Record
Numbered among the more than
9,000 students who enrolled in the
University Monday were 225 women
in the nursing school who enlisted
in the U.S. Cadet Nurse program.
The total enrollment in the nurs-
ing school is the largest in the
school's history and the 150 women
in the freshman class make up more
than the whole complement of stu-
dents for the entire year.
The women in the Cadet Nurse
Corps have pledged themselves to
work as nurses after their gradua-
tion for the duration of the war.
The Cadet Nurse Corps was organ-
ized to provide 10,000 new nurses
for essential nursing fields. The
present class in the nursing school
is one of the largest in the country.
To meet the demands of a wartime
nurse shortage, the school has cut
its program from 36 to 30 months
of training. The standards have not
been lowered, nursing officials point-
ed out, but the program has been
condensed in keeping with the Uni-
versity policy of accelerated aca-
demic training.
The six months after graduation
will be spent in practical training in
accredited nursing institutions.
V
to some agreement on the terms of
government operation. They will hold
a third conference early tomorrow,3
and UMW district presidents will re-
convene at 11 a.m., to hear the re-
sults, if any.
Another Day's Wait]
Cancellation of a scheduled policy
committee meeting late today sig-
nalled at least another day's wait
for conclusive union action on the
strike. Under the UMW's technique,
the continued suspension of work is
tacitly understood to be in effect un-
less contrary instructions are given.
Interviews in the mining regions
strongly supported the belief that
most of the miners would stand by
this traditional polUcy-.
Meetings Not Discussed
Neither Lewis nor Ickes discussed
their two meetings but Ickes prompt-
ly issued an order forbidding dealers
to deliver fuel to any householder
who has more than a 10 days' sup-
ply of coal in his basement.
Erich Leinsdorf
To Conduct in
First Concert
Cleveland Orchestra
To Feature Shubert's
C Major Symphony
Under the baton of its new con-'
ductor, Erich Leinsdorf, the Cleve-
land Orchestra will open the Choral
Union Series for 1943-44 at 9 p.m.
Sunday with Bach's Choral Prelude,'
"O Haupt Voll Blut und Wunden."
The concert which will feature the
great C Major Symphony of Franz
Schubert will be carried by standard
broadcast nationally and by short
wave to the entire world.
'Porgy and Bess' Is Scheduled
Scheduled for its Ann Arbor pre-
miere on the varied program which
the Cleveland Orchestra is playing
is Robert Russell Bennett's Sym-
phonic Picture, "Porgy and Bess"
based on the themes of George
Gershwin's folk opera.
The skill which Erich Leinsdorf
gained as conductor of the Wagner-
ian wing of the Metropolitan Opera
Association for the last six years will
be called into play when the orches-
tra performs Siegfried's Rhine Jour-
ney from Richard Wagner's "Die
Gotterdammerung."
Sokoloff Was First Conductor
Founded in the other wartime of
1918, the Cleveland Symphony has
had only two other permanent con-
ductors throughout its entire his-
tory. Nikolai Sokoloff was the first
from 1918 until 1933, when Artur
Rodzinski took over this position.
Rodzinski relinquished it la t year
to become musical director of the
New York Philharmonic Symphony
Orchestra.
The Cleveland Orchestra came
into being through the initiative of
Mrs. Adella Prentiss Huges, who had
brought Cleveland's interest in sym-
phonic music to a very high estate
by presenting internationally famous
orchestras in some 150 concerts un-
Key Positions
Across Italy
Won by Fifth
Clark's Salerno Army
Wins in Matese Area;
Nazi Resistance Strong
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
ALGIERS, Nov. 2.-(P)-Launching
a heavy attack on the core of the
German defense line across Italy,
the Fifth Army has captured "im-
portant positions" on towering Mas-
sico Ridge and Matese Mountain in
the face of fierce enemy resistance,
the Allied command announced to-
day, and a spokesman described the
Nazi wall before Rome as "severely
shaken."
American troops of Lt.-Gen. Mark
W. Clark's Salerno Army, fighting
forward through rugged, rain-soaked
terrain, won a good part of Matese,
the lofty peak that dominates the
upper Volturno Valley, while British
units advanced four miles in the
Mediterranean coastal area to seize
the town of Casanova, high on the
steep slopes of Massico Ridge.
Reports from the front did not
indicate exactly how much of Matese
Mountain, which sprawls over an ex-
tensive area, had been occupied by
the Americans, but they said a good
part of the whole ridge and some of
its highest points were cleared of
Germans. An Allied officer said the
gains were "very encouraging.'
Although it was emphasized that
the Nazis were defending their
mountain stronghold savagely and
had yet begun no general retreat to
their next natural barrier, the Gar-
igliano River, there were reports
that they were laying extensive mine
fields and booby traps in the inter-
vening area-usually a good, sign
that a withdrawal is contemplated.
(The British Radio, quoting a cor-
respondent with the Fifth Army, re-
ported that the Nazis had flooded
the coastal areas between Massico
Ridge and the Garigliano River.
Yanks May
Bomb Nazis
From Russia
LONDON, Nov 2-(P)-The opera-
tion of American heavy bombers
from Russia-thus laying Hitler's
European fortress wide open to pre-
cision aerial assault from the west,
south and east--might result from
the Moscow Tripartite Declaration
for closer coordination of American-
Russian war strategy.
Whether such a decision actually
was taken, and it necessarily would
have to be the result of a Russian in-
vitation, will be known only when
and if bombs start falling from Unit-
ed States daylight bombers on Hit-
ler's "Eastern Ruhr."
But already the Germans either
are anticipating it or have launched
a familiar fishing expedition seeking
information.
Spanish correspondents in Berlin
have sent word to Madrid that it is
rumored Russian front airbases will
be available for the American Air
Force and that the Germans are wor-
ried about additional air attacks frpm
a new direction.
It would be entirely possible for
the Americans to operate from Rus-
sia providing the Russians were will-
ing that planes, men and supplies be
moved in. Although in effect it would
mean building up a new airforce with
all related problems of supply and
maintenance, prospective military re-
sults are considered sufficient to out-
weigh the difficulties.
Japs Repelled
By Navy at
Bougainville
Enemy Tries To Stop
Invasion Operations;
Solomon Base Invaded
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, Wed-
nesday, Nov. ,3-(P)-Allied naval
units have repelled an attempt by
Japanese warships to interfere with
the invasion operations on Bougain-
ville.
Headquarters announced today
that a Navy fight occurred Monday
night from which a Jap cruiser and
destroyer force had to withdraw.
The landings on the west coast of
that last big enemy base in the Solo-
mons had occurred at dawn the
same day.
Expecting just such a move, Gen.
Douglas MacArthur had said he
would welcome any attempt at inter-
ference by the Japanese navy and
was prepared to throw "everything"
in his power at the enemy.
Headquarters supplied no 'addi-
tional reports today on ground ac-
tivity at captured Empress Augusta
Bay.
AU' Groups To
Sponsor Prom
Proceeds To Be Given
To Scholarship Fund
Combining to present the first fall
social event, the Union Council and
Bomber Scholarship Committee will
sponsor the Fall Prom to be given
from 8:30 p. m. to midnight Satur-
day, Nov. 20, in Waterman Gym.
Roy Boucher, member:of ,the Jun-
ior Executive Coun. of the Union and
general chairman of the dance an-
nounced yesterday the plans for the
informal prom to be held the night of
the last home game with Ohio State.
Working with Boucher will be Ru-
pert Straub, tickets; John Clippert,
publicity; and Jean Bisdee, arrange-
ments.
Dictated by war-time necessity,
decorations and attire for the dance
will be strictly informal. Due to the
large number of servicemen stationed
on campus the dance is being given
primarily for them and they are espe-
cially invited, according to general
chairman Boucher.
Admission will be three dollars per
couple, and the entire proceeds from
the dance will be donated to the
Bomber Scholarship Fund. The
Bomber Scholarship Fund has been
established to help men and women
serving in the armed forces to return
to the University and complete their
education after the war.
(Continued on Page 5)
Tryouts To Be Held
For Daily Columnist
Anyone interested in trying out
for the position of Daily columnist
should turn in three sample col-
umns to the editorial director to-
day, tomorrow or Friday at the
Student Publications Building.
These sample columns may be
written on topics of current inter-
est, or they may be humorous
sketches. They should run from
600 to 800 words.
it'has been the policy of the
Daily in the past to feature a col-
umn on the editorial page two or
three times a week.
Incumbent Is Elected
In Close Mayoralty Race
Record Vote Estimated in Bitter Campaign
Over Turbulent Race Problems, Iabor Issue
By The Associated Press
DETROIT, Wednesday, Nov. 3-Mayor Edward J. Jeffries' re-elction to
a third term was conceded early today by his opponent in yesterday's non-
partisan municipal election, Frank Fitzgerald, who had led in the count of
early returns.
With 975 of the city's 1,057 precincts reported, Jeffries had a lead of
nearly 18,000 and uncounted precincts were in areas where the mayor's
strength lies. In the 975 precincts, the vote was Jeffries 180,652, Fitzgerald
162,661.
The mayor had trailed in the e
Fitzgerald's edge reach the runaway p
Lt. Gen. Spaatz
Made Head of
New 15th AAF I
Heavy Bombers Batteri
Messerschmitt Plant i
At Wiener Neustadt f
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
ALGIERS, Nov. 2.-('P)-Creation ofr
a new U.S. 15th Army Air Force,r
teamed with the veteran 12th in anr
All-American Mediterranean aerial r
fleet under Lt.-Gen. Carl A. Spaatz, '
was announced tonight a few hours,
after its heavy bombers had battered
the Messerschmitt assembly plant at
Wiener Neustadt.
Aimed to "increase greatly airZ
power in this theatre," the an-
nouncement from Allied headquar-
ters said the 15th Air Force will con-
centrate on long-range, strategic
bombing against Germany and mili-
tary targets in occupied and satellite
countries."
Wiener Neustadt, 27 miles south oft
Vienna, falls well within that defini-
tion of targets.
A large number of Flying Fortres-
ses and Liberators plastered the Wie-
ner Neustadt aircraft factory for the
third time in an attack which re- t
turning pilots described as highlyt
successful.
"They encountered clear weather
over the target and the bombs were
seen to explode on the target," a
communique said. "Preliminary re-
ports indicate the attack was highly
successful."
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower, Al-
lied Commander-in-Chief of the
Mediterranean, in announcing the
appointment of Spaatz, said the 52-
year-old Pennsylvanian would head
all American air forces in the Medi-
terranean war zone.
Glass Endorses
Moscow Plans
WASHINGTON, Nov 2-GP)-Sen-
ator Carter Glass (D-Va) 85-year-old
League of Nations advocate, dictated
from a sick bed today a recommenda-
tion that his colleagues "endorse spe-
cifically the language of the Moscow
conference" rather than any of the
pending post-war resolutions.
His statement hailed the Moscow
pact as "plainly proposing a League
to maintain peace after the war."
"For the reason that not only we,
through our representative at the
conference, Mr. Hull, but the three
great powers with whom we are asso-
ciated, have subscribed in clearest
words to this principle," Glass de-
clared, "the Senate might well see
fit to endorse specifically the lan-
guage of the Moscow conference in-
stead of any one of the pending re-
solutions."
The ailing Virginian, recalling his
staunch support of the League of Na-
tions and the World Court, said his
health would prevent his participat-
ing in the Senate postwar debate and
possibly even prevent his getting to
the floor to vote.
Officials Discuss
State Milk Shortage
DETROIT, Nov 2-(MP)-Increased
consumer prices and higher subsidies
to farmers were two of the suggest-
tions offered today by representatives
of a dozen Michigan cities who met,
on the invitation of Governor Kelly,
to consider remedies for the State's
arly count, although at no time did
roportions of his vote in the primary.
It was not until 850 precincts had
been counted that Jeffries forged to
the front.
Record Vote Cast
Stimulated by such issues as the
partisan participation of organized
labor, racial problems and post-war
planning, Detroiters today cast what
probably was a record off-year vote
in choosing between Edward J. Jef-
fries, incumbent, and Frank FitzGer-
ald for mayor of this great industrial
center. The ballot was non-partisan.
Election officials late today esti-
mated the total vote would approxi-
mate 435,000-more than twice as
many votes as were cast in the pri-
mary a month ago and about 17.000
more than were tallied in the 1937
election, previous high off-year mark.
Labor Backs Fitzgerald
FitzGerald, who captured every
predominantly Negro precinct in the
primary, had the endorsement of the
United Automobile Workers (Co)
and some American Federation of
Labor affiliates. Jeffries was sup-
ported for a third two-year term by
part of the AFL affiliates and by the
city's three English-language daily
newspapers, which charged that the
FitzGerald candidacy was an attempt
by organized labor to take over con-
trol of the city government. This
was denied by labor union officials.
Besides a mayor, a nine-man City
Council, City Clerk and City Treas-
urer also were elected today. The
city's 1,057 polling places remained
open until 8 p.m., Eastern War Time.
Partisans Fight
Nazis in Bosnia
Russians Press Drive
To Restore Sevastopol
LONDON, Nov. 2.--(P)-Yugoslav
partisans fought on bitterly today
against the Germans as Russian
armies driving into the Crimea
brought nearer the restoration of
Sevastopol as the Black Sea base of
the Soviet fleet and as a possible
springboard for a thrust against
Rumania and Bessarabia.
Today's communique broadcast by
Gen. Josip Broz' (Tito's) partisans
declared that heavy Nazi attacks-
part of an offensive of considerable
scope-had been beaten down in
Montenegro and that determined
German assaults had been thrown
back in both Bosnia and Croatia.
Two hundred and fifty Germans
were killed in Montenegro near Kol-
asin, the war bulletin said, a German
attack with tanks in eastern Bosnia
was beaten back, and Croatian units
captured a village in western Bosnia.
RAF, RCAF, Raid
France, Holland
LONDON, Nov 2-()-RAF and
RCAF Mustangs and Typhoons con-
tinued their round-the-clock offens-
ive sweeps over France and Holland
today, destroying three enemy air-
craft and damaging a number of lo-
comotives, a communique said.
Other Typhoons and fighters at-
tacked two enemy merchant ships off
the Brest Peninsula in France this
afternoon to score hits on both ves-
sels and set them afire.
An Air Ministry communique said
that one fighter was missing.
A few German planes penetrated
the outer London district in a brief
raid tonight and dropped a bomb on
a golf course, causing no casualties.
In the Thames Estuary section, how-
ever, at least one person was killed
and several were injured.
One enemy plane was destroyed.
a
ROYAL QUANDARY:
Italian Future Rests in Hands
Of Weary KingEmannuel_
By WES GALLAGHER
Associated Press correspondent
SOMEWHERE IN SOUTHERN
ITALY, Nov. 2.-Italy's political fu-
ture hangs today in a delicate bal-
ance which may affect her history
for centuries to come.
In a dilapidated villa overlooking
the sea, tired old King Vittorio
Emanuele, ruler for 43 years, holds
the key to his country's political soul.
Twenty-two years ago he held a
similar key and turned it over to a
rabble-rousing young politician nam-
ed Benito Mussolini and thereby
plunged his nation into the deepest
shame of its long history.
Now after two decades the little
man on the big throne is reaping the
harvest of that fateful decision.
Badoglio Returns
Twenty-two years ago General Ba-
doglio, then in his prime, offered to
smash the Fascists with a single regi-
parties, or continuance of his reign
with a feeble government composed
of little-known men.
Facts Are Gathered
These are the political facts as as-
certained by this writer from five
day's travel in every major city of
southern Italy and talks with Badog-
lio, Lt.-Gen. Mason A. MacFarlane,
head of the Allied Military Mission;
and Italian party leaders:
Twenty-two years of Fascism have
rotted Italy's political society to a
point where only a great wave of
hope can bring the people out of their
apathy into a fighting and vigorous
nation.
No trained public functionaries are
left except those who held office
as Fascists.
Because there are none trained to
take their places, many Fascist offi-
cials still hold their jobs and are only
kept in line by representatives of the
Repatriates Line Teia Maru's Rails
4
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