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VOL. LIV No. 124 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN TUESDAY, MAY 2, 1944
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Allies Hurl 2,500 Planes Against
Nazi Coastal Defenses, Rail Lines
498 Yank Troops Lost in Sinking,
Russian Bombers Attack German
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* * *
Enemy Offers Little
Resistance to Bombs
By the Associated Press
LONDON, May 1.-Gen. Eisenhow-
er's invasion command opened -this
perhaps-fateful month for the sullen
millions of German-occupied Europe
today by hurling more than 2,500
planes against Axis defenses on the
Calais coast nearest Britain and a
vast network of rail junctions sup-
porting them.
Three U.S. bombers and three
fighters were missing after the all-
day operations, and an American
communique said five enemy planes
were shot down.
German Radios Silent
Bombing results were good, and
enemy resistance almost negligible.
Even Nazi anti-aircraft fire was only
moderate, the bulletin said.
Late tonight, German radios, among
them the Stuttgart station, began
falling silent-the usual sign that
RAF night raiders were in action.
Two thousand American heavy and
light bombers, fighters and fighter-
#bombers aided by swarms of Allied
planes pounded the Pas-De-Calais
area of the coast and numerous rail
junctions on a 225-mile front ex-
tending through Belgium and France
to the German border in this contin-
uing aerial offensive which was rais-
ing the curtain on the biggest drama
of all-an American-British lunge
against the walls of the German con-
tinental stockade.
17th Straight Raid
From dawn to dusk of this 17th
straight day of aerial onslaught the
Allied planes hammered German tar-
gets, and tonight the German radio
said that Allied medium bombers had
entered southwest Germany where
"they were engaged in violent air
combats against German air-defense
forces."
Axis broadcasts also said that U.S.
planes of the Mediterranean Com-
mand had made a "terror attack" on
Florence in Italy.
Belgium Also Hit
Five hundred U.S. Flying Fortresses
and Liberators and as many fighters
struck 20 miles across the channel
at the mysterjy installations on the
Calais coast without losing a plane.
Another American heavy bomber
formation of equal strength punched
at railway yards at Brussels, the Bel-
gian capital, Liege, near Belgian-
German frontier, and four other im-
portant rail targets: Reims, 80 miles
northeast of Paris; Troyes, 85 miles
southeast of Paris; Metz, 185 miles
east of Paris; and Sarreguemines on
the German border.
Allies Bomb
Nazi Aircraft
Plants. in Italy
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS, NA-
PLES, May 1.-(P)-A crippling blow
was struck against Nazi-controlled
Italian aircraft production when
large formations of Flying Fortresses
yesterday bombed factories at Varese
and Bresso, which manufacture
speedy Machi fighter planes.
Flames rose from several parts of
the Varese factory, 30 miles north-
west of Milan, after bombs hit build-
ings. At Bresso, five miles northeast
of Milan, strings of explosives crash-
ed into the main buildings and han-
gars were left afire.
Night bombers pounded the port
of Genoa for the thrid straight night,
and spilled bombs upon Livorno on
the west coast.
Liberator bombers delivered twin
punches against two vital rail centers
at Milan and Alessandria. Fires and
explosions followed the heavy, con-
centrated blasting of Alessandria,
which is a key point for heavy Nazi
supply moveients from southern
France.
Smaller formations of heavy bomb-
ers blasted the Reggio Emilia air-
drome northwest of Bologna and rail
tai'gets.
Seii. Tydings
tops Maryland
Democrats
By the Associated Press
Maryland Democrats centered their
U.S. Senatorial hopes again today on
Millard W. Tydings in preference to
Willis R .ones, who campaigned on
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PATH OF BOMBS TO HEART OF BERLIN-Eighth Air Force heavy
bombers blasted a path of destruction (indicated by target symbols)
into the heart of Berlin where the new Nazi Air Ministry was hit directly.
Allied bombers in pre-invasion tactics have been concentrating on Nazi
coastal defense and on the nerve center, Berlin.
TOPS IN JOURNALISM:
Associated Press Correspondent
Wins Pulitzer Prize for Work
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By the Associated Press
NEW YORK, May 1.-Associated
Press war correspondent Daniel De-
Luce, who made a daring trip into
Nazi-dominated Yugoslavia for first-
hand stories of the resistance by Mar-
shal Tito's forces, today won the
Investigation of
Ward Seizure
Asked in House
Administration Foes
Seek Immediate Probe
0
WASHINGTON, May 1.--()- A
coalition of Democrats and Republi-
cans fought against administration
forces today in an effort to force an
immediate House vote on a resolution
to investigate the government seizure
of the Montgomery Ward plant in
Chicago.
Speaker Sam Rayburn, indicating
the administration favors a "cooling
off' period, said he did not know
when the House would take up the
resolution.
Cox, Smith Rally Forces
But Democrats Cox of Georgia and
Smith of Virginia tried to rally a
majority of rules committee members
to call a special meeting tomorrow
morning with a view to forcing
Chairman Sabath (Dem., Ill.) to sub-
mit the legislation to the floor imme-
diately.
Rep: Dewey (Rep., Ill.), author of
the resolution, declared he would
take the floor tomorrow to demand
a showdown with Sabath. Rep. Fish
(Rep., N.Y.) ranking Republican on
the rules committee predicted the
House would vote 4 to 1 to investigate
the seizure.
Prompt Action Predicted
An investigator sent to Chicago by
the Senate judiciary committee will
return to Washington Wednesday
and Chairman McCarran (Dem.,
Nev.) predicted prompt committee
action will follow his report.
McCarran said "the question up-
permost in the minds of Congress is:
Are we preserving a government by
law which is basic to this form of
democracy or are we by any misinter-
pretation or overstep forgetting that
we are a government by law and
attempting to set up a government
of men."
Rep. Hoffman (Rep., Mich.) sub-
mitted legislation in the House today
requiring a plant, such as Montgom-
ery Ward, to have at least 50 per cent
of its output definitely classed as war
material before the government may
seize it to end a labor dispute.
Cox and Smith made a threat to
change the rules of the House which
have been in effect for years.
Former Student To
v i m Prim arv
Pulitzer prize for international tele-
graphic reporting in 1943.
The Arizona-born correspondent,
now assigned to the Anzio beach-
head, has been covering World War
II since the first German bombs
dropped on Poland.
Pyle Honored
He was driven in turn from Po-
land, Greece and Burma by the Ger-
mans, Italians and Japanese and
made his foray back into Axis terri-
tory in a fishing boat with a wheezy
engine operated by a Sicilian skipper.
Ernie Pyle, of the Scripps-Howard
newspaper alliance, whose newspaper
column is devoted to the human side
of the war and the every day events
in the lives of the fighting men, won
the award for distinguished corre-
spondence.
Tarawa Photograph Cited
Frank Filan of the Associated Press
won the war front photographic
award for his famed picture, "Tarawa
Island," showing a demolished Japa-
nese pillbox with Japanese bodies
strewn through the rubble.
The picture, taken after Filan
risked his life in going ashore with a
Marine assault wave, was distributed
by the Associated Press and other
members of the wartime still photo-
graphic pool, on Nov. 29, 1943.
'Homecoming' Wins
The award for the best photograph
on the home front went to Earle L.
Bunker of the Omaha (Neb.) World-
Herald. His picture, entitled, "Home-
coming," showed a returning soldier
clasping his small daughter in his
arms at a railway station, while his
wife cries with happiness.
The photograph was taken July 15
and in addition to being published in
the World-Herald it was serviced by
Associated Press wirephoto.
Price Gets Special Award
A special citation was awarded to
Byron Price, Director of the Office of
Censorship and executive news editor
of the Associated Press on leave, "for
the creation and administration of
the newspaper and radio code."
"At the same time, the members
of the advisory board of the graduate
school of journalism deplore certain
acts and policies of Army and Navy
censorship in the handling of news
at the source, and for the unreason-
able suppression of information to
which the American people are enti-
tled," the Columbia University trus-
tees said in announcing the awards.
Defense
Soviet Troops
Kill 1,500; Get
43 Nazi Tanks
By the Associated Press
LONDON, May 2, Tuesday.-Masses
of Soviet bombers attacking Brest-
Litovsk Sunday night started nearly
a score of fires in that fortress city
which the Germans captured two
days after their 1941 invasion of Rus-
sia, and Red Army troops yesterday
killed 1,500 Germans in local strug-
gles, Moscow announced early today.
A midnight bulletin said 600 Ger-
mans were slain in two unsuccessful
attempts to capture "advantageous
positions" north of Iasi, Romanian
rail center, while a battalion of 800
to 1,000 attacking Axis troops failed
to gain ground and was wiped out
southeast of Stanislawow in old Po-
land.
17 Fires Started
Brest-Litovsk is 115 miles east of
the Polish capital of Warsaw, and
about 80 miles northwest of Soviet
land forces operating in the Kowel
sector. It was seized by the Germans
June 24, 1941, after they forced the
nearby Bug River demarcation line.
Seventeen fires were started at the
rail junction and enemy military
trains carrying troops, ammunition
and equipment were left in flames,
said the broadcast-bulletin recorded
by the Soviet monitor. One Soviet
plane was missing.
Lull at Sevastopol
No essential changes occurred on
the land front, the communique said,
and on all sectors during Sunday
Soviet forces wrecked 24 German
tanks and destroyed 43 planes.
The German big.h command like-
wise reported a lull in the Sevastopol,
Crimea, and lower Dnestr River areas,
but told of embittered fighting on the
upper Dnestr River, presumably in
the area southeast of Stanislawow,
and southwest of Kowel, which is
170 miles southeast of Warsaw.
Men To Register
For Blood Bank
Civilian men may register for the
May Blood Bank from 8 a.m. to noon
today at the Engine Arch and from
1 to 5 p.m. today at the Union.
The quota for civilian male stu-
dents has been set at 100, the Union
War Activities Committee announced
yesterday. The Red Cross mobile
unit will be in Ann Arbor May 11 and
12.
Because the University students
have filled a large part of recent
quotas, this month their quota has
been lowered, giving townspeople a
greater opportunity to volunteer as
blood donors.
Frank Knox Is Buried
In Arlington Cemetery
WASHINGTON, May 1.-- VP) -
Frank Knox joined today the nation's
military dead who rest from war in
Arlington National Cemetery.
The Secretary of the American
Navy was buried on a cedar-bordered
slope looking out over the national
capital while the envoys and uni-
formed representatives of the United
Nations stood with bowed heads. The
high commanders of the Army, Navy
and Marines stood rigidly at atten-
tion as three precise volleys cracked
over the grave and a bugle called
farewell.
I;accaloni Ill; Unable
To Sing at May Festival
Luboshutz, Nemenoff, Duo-Pianists, To Play
In Concert Saturday at Hill Auditorium
"Because of laryngitis, Salvatore
Baccaloni, basso-buffo, will be unable
to perform at the opening concert
of the 51st annual May Festival at
8:30 p.m. Thursday," Dr. Charles
Sink, President of the University
Musical Society, announced last
night.
"Negotiations with important ar-
tists are now taking place, and I hope
to be able to announce today the
performer who will replace Mr. Bac-
caloni," Dr. Sink added.
Pianists To Play Saturday
The May1 Festival audience will
enjoy a "double feature" at the Sat-
urday afternoon concert in Hill Audi-
torium when duo-pianists Pierre Lu-
boshutz and Genia Nemenoff play
Harl McDonald's "Concerto for Two
Pianos and Orchestra."
The two, who are husband and
wife, were both famous solo pianists
prior to their marriage. Pierre Lubo-
shutz is Russian born and appeared
in recitals throughout Europe. His
wife, Genia Nemenoff, who is Pari-
sian born of Russian parents, had an
enviable career as a solo artist.
Played Under Ormondy
Mr. and Mrs. Luboshutz average
50 engagements a season. In the
seven years that they have played
together in public, they have made
over four hundred appearances in
nearly 250 cities throughout Europe
and America.
While on their fall tour last No-
vember the duo-piano team appeared
with the Philadelphia Orchestra. Un-
der the baton of Eugene Ormandy
they played Mozart and McDonald
concertos and introduced a new con-
certo by Bohuslav Martinu.
Unity, Freedom Is Aim
Martinu had dedicated his con-
certo to the Luboshutzes after hear-
ing them perform under Serge Kous-
sevitsky in 1942.
Luboshutz, when he has been ques-
tioned about duo-piano playing, has
said, "The secret of good duo-piano
Free French
Soldiers Will
Attend Plays
A detachment of 40 Free French
soldiers will be present at the French
plays to be given at 8:30 p.m. tomor-
row in the Lydia Mendelssohn Thea-'
tre, Prof. Charles E. Koella, director
of the plays, announced yesterday.
. The men are stationed at the Wil-
low Run Air Base for a few weeks
and are under Captain Henry Billi-
aert. They have been invited to at-
tend the plays and also a party which
will be held in the Rackham Building
for the members of the casts.
The three short plays to be given
are "Rosalie" by Max Maurey, a
comedy involving a stubborn maid,
"Le Cuvier" (the washtub), a medie-
val farce about a henpecked husband,
and "Un Client serieux" by Georges
Courteline, a farcical play satirizing
court room procedure. The first two
will be presented by students of
French at the University and mem-
bers of the department of romance
languages will enact the third.
playing is that it must sound like the
performance of a single artist.
"It's no easy task combining per-
fect technical unity with complete
artistic freedom. But that is neces-
sary if duo-piano playing is to have
soul."
Their appearance in Ann Arbor
will be one of the highlights of their
return from a transcontinental tour
from Cleveland to San Francisco.
,Jap Columns
Push Westward
In North China
Medium Tanks Used
First Time in Burma
By the Associated Press
Japanese columns have pushed
westward in north China to solidify
their hold in Asia, where Allied com-
manders concede the major land bat-
tles of the Pacific war will be fought.
American-operated medium. tanks
were brought into play for the first
time in northern Burma in the only
ground action pointed at restoring a
supply line over which Generalissimo
Chiang Kai-Shek can receive the
modern military equipment he needs
to stem the Japanese march in
China._
3,000 Miles from Objective
Admiral Chester W. Nimitz's am-
phibious push across the central Pa-
cific is still 3,000 miles from his
objective on the China coast. But it
is progressing so well that he was
able to report yesterday that a lone
Navy Liberator was able to attack a
ship and make strafing runs on two
airdromes at the once supposedly
impregnable central Pacific fortress
of Truk.
Paramushiro Hit Again
To the north, Aleutian-based naval
bombers rounded out April with an-
other strike at the Paramushiro naval
base in the Kurile Islands, which the
late Secretary Knox said would some
day be invaded and taken over as
bases for attacks on Japan.
The northChina area where crack
Nipponese armies are making suc-
cessful drives has been mentioned as
a potential hopping-off place for
American raids on Japan. Yingshang,
objective of the newest Japanese
drive to the west, is only about 900
miles west of Nippon in an area the
Chinese have referred to as a "dagger
pointed at the heart of Japan."
Installation Night To
Be Held at Rackham
Installation Night, the annual cer-
emony when women's appointments
are announced, honor societies do
their spring tapping, and scholar-
ships are awarded, will be held at
8 p.m: today in Rackham Auditorium.
Mme. Betty Barzin, noted refugee
author, will speak on "America
Through Belgian Eyes," and the cere-
mony will be presided over by Marge
Hall, '45, newly appointed head of
Women's War Council, and Natalie
Mattern, '45, 1944-45 head of Judi-
ciary Council.
Transport Loss
By the Associated Press
WASHINGTON, May 1.-The loss
of 498 men in the recent sinking of
an American ship by enemy action
in the Mediterranean was announced
today by the Army, the third major
transport loss of life of the war.
Whether the ship was attacked by
enemy submarine or planes was not
disclosed in the brief announcement,
which did not mention survivors or
give the date of the sinking.
Relatives Notified
"The vessel sank swift and 498
military personnel are missing," the
Army said. "The next of kin of the
personnel have been notified."
Less than three months ago, the
Army announed the loss of 1,000 men
on an Allied ship sunk by enemy ac-
tion in European waters on an un-
disclosed date. On that occasion, ap-
proximately an equal number of sol-
diers was rescued.
Losses Have Been Small
The first major transport disaster
of the war was the loss of about 850
Army, Navy and Marine Corps of-
ficers and men early in February,
1943, when an enemy submarine sank
two passenger-laden cargo ships in
a North Atlantic convoy.
In other transport sinkings, the
loss of life has been small. The
President Coolidge had more than
4,500 men aboard when she was sunk
in the South Pacific in October, 1942,
but only five lost their lives; and the
Army suffered no casualties when
several transports were - lost in the
North African invasion a month later.
Negro Housing
Problem Heard
By City Council
Unless an ordinance prohibiting
trailer parking longer than 30 days
is revoked, Negro war workers may
be forced to leave their jobs in Ann
Arbor and return home, J. H. Kraft,
2740 Packard, proprietor of a trailer
camp, said last night at a meeting of
the city council.,
Because of the acute housing situa-
tion, an earlier ordinance had been
passed providing that trailers be per-
mitted to park within the city for an
indefinite time. However, as housing
facilities became more available, City
Clerk Fred Perry said, the council
amended the ordinance, to provide
that no trailer could be parked in
Ann Arbor more than 30 days of any
year. The ordinance was to apply to
incoming trailers immediately and to
trailers already here, next January.
Housing Situation Acute
Mrs. Harry Anderson, 1036 Wall,
contending that the housing situation
for Negroes still was acute, said they
would be forced to leave the city if
permanent trailer homes were pro-
hibited.
'We're trying to help win the war,"
she said, "but unless we're given
place to stay we'll have to go back
home."
A study of the problem was author-
ized by the council.
Traffic Survey Held
Official council action was taken
in respect to the intersection of Pack-
ard and Stadium Blvd., scene of two
fatalities last month. Councilman
Maurice Doll, of the traffic commit-
tee, revealed that the committee, in
conjunction with the city police and
the State Highway Department, are
surveying traffic conditions at the
crossing. Report will be made to the
council when the survey is completed,
Doll said.
The council also set May 13 as the
date of the town meeting to vote on a
proposed increase in the assessment
rate to meet costs created by city
salary boosts last year.
Hudson, Briggs Foremen
Go on Strike in Detroit
Bastion of Brest-Litovsk
Army Reports
Third Major
STATE VIEWS ON ANTI-POLL TAX BILL:
MYDA, IRA Delegates Sound Out Congressmen
Delegates from campus organizations were assured this week-end, while
lobbying in Washington for the Anti-Poll Tax Bill and cloture clause, that
those Senators in favor of the bill would do all they possibly could to see
that the bill was passed.
The introduction of the bill has been postponed several times, but it is
now definitely slated for presentation on May 9.
The delegates represented Michi-
of Secretary of the Navy, Frank
Knox.
"I believe that qualifications
should be determined for voting, as
is stipulated in the Constitution,
However, I do not consider that
paying a tax for voting is a qualifi-
cation."
Representative William Blackney
f~ R.n ih ,....PcI. "T vntP for.th
bill, and I hope it is passed. How-
ever, if the cloture clause is passed,
the supporters of the bill face the
possibility that the supporters of a
poll tax will not show up, when the
bill is to be voted upon. If you
don't have a quorum, then you
can't vote for or against the bill."
gan Youth for Democratic Action and
Inter-Racial Association.
of the bill, that they must also sup-
nort th clotue ae.