Y ita i aitij Weather - Cloudy, Showers VOL. LIV No. 124 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN TUESDAY, MAY 2, 1944 PRICE FIVE CENTS Allies Hurl 2,500 Planes Against Nazi Coastal Defenses, Rail Lines 498 Yank Troops Lost in Sinking, Russian Bombers Attack German 4 m * * * * * Enemy Offers Little Resistance to Bombs By the Associated Press LONDON, May 1.-Gen. Eisenhow- er's invasion command opened -this perhaps-fateful month for the sullen millions of German-occupied Europe today by hurling more than 2,500 planes against Axis defenses on the Calais coast nearest Britain and a vast network of rail junctions sup- porting them. Three U.S. bombers and three fighters were missing after the all- day operations, and an American communique said five enemy planes were shot down. German Radios Silent Bombing results were good, and enemy resistance almost negligible. Even Nazi anti-aircraft fire was only moderate, the bulletin said. Late tonight, German radios, among them the Stuttgart station, began falling silent-the usual sign that RAF night raiders were in action. Two thousand American heavy and light bombers, fighters and fighter- #bombers aided by swarms of Allied planes pounded the Pas-De-Calais area of the coast and numerous rail junctions on a 225-mile front ex- tending through Belgium and France to the German border in this contin- uing aerial offensive which was rais- ing the curtain on the biggest drama of all-an American-British lunge against the walls of the German con- tinental stockade. 17th Straight Raid From dawn to dusk of this 17th straight day of aerial onslaught the Allied planes hammered German tar- gets, and tonight the German radio said that Allied medium bombers had entered southwest Germany where "they were engaged in violent air combats against German air-defense forces." Axis broadcasts also said that U.S. planes of the Mediterranean Com- mand had made a "terror attack" on Florence in Italy. Belgium Also Hit Five hundred U.S. Flying Fortresses and Liberators and as many fighters struck 20 miles across the channel at the mysterjy installations on the Calais coast without losing a plane. Another American heavy bomber formation of equal strength punched at railway yards at Brussels, the Bel- gian capital, Liege, near Belgian- German frontier, and four other im- portant rail targets: Reims, 80 miles northeast of Paris; Troyes, 85 miles southeast of Paris; Metz, 185 miles east of Paris; and Sarreguemines on the German border. Allies Bomb Nazi Aircraft Plants. in Italy ALLIED HEADQUARTERS, NA- PLES, May 1.-(P)-A crippling blow was struck against Nazi-controlled Italian aircraft production when large formations of Flying Fortresses yesterday bombed factories at Varese and Bresso, which manufacture speedy Machi fighter planes. Flames rose from several parts of the Varese factory, 30 miles north- west of Milan, after bombs hit build- ings. At Bresso, five miles northeast of Milan, strings of explosives crash- ed into the main buildings and han- gars were left afire. Night bombers pounded the port of Genoa for the thrid straight night, and spilled bombs upon Livorno on the west coast. Liberator bombers delivered twin punches against two vital rail centers at Milan and Alessandria. Fires and explosions followed the heavy, con- centrated blasting of Alessandria, which is a key point for heavy Nazi supply moveients from southern France. Smaller formations of heavy bomb- ers blasted the Reggio Emilia air- drome northwest of Bologna and rail tai'gets. Seii. Tydings tops Maryland Democrats By the Associated Press Maryland Democrats centered their U.S. Senatorial hopes again today on Millard W. Tydings in preference to Willis R .ones, who campaigned on CBe-rnaur Botzow Blrri1fu,' 7Hennigsdor w x "BuC j Pauint Schildowt{ N r ,. Tegel Blumberg~ Falkenhagen Pankow : Spandau Caal BERLIN . Whelmsta 'Lichtenberg Charlotte n'"Anha' ter - baradurg Karlshiorst / \de\ Schoeneberg 0 Tempelho (" Dahlem POT DAM Zehlendorf Rudow Kopen C Nowwes Echwalde I SA rewit z aarmulndasow do4 0 5$ SMTATUTE PATH OF BOMBS TO HEART OF BERLIN-Eighth Air Force heavy bombers blasted a path of destruction (indicated by target symbols) into the heart of Berlin where the new Nazi Air Ministry was hit directly. Allied bombers in pre-invasion tactics have been concentrating on Nazi coastal defense and on the nerve center, Berlin. TOPS IN JOURNALISM: Associated Press Correspondent Wins Pulitzer Prize for Work <"> By the Associated Press NEW YORK, May 1.-Associated Press war correspondent Daniel De- Luce, who made a daring trip into Nazi-dominated Yugoslavia for first- hand stories of the resistance by Mar- shal Tito's forces, today won the Investigation of Ward Seizure Asked in House Administration Foes Seek Immediate Probe 0 WASHINGTON, May 1.--()- A coalition of Democrats and Republi- cans fought against administration forces today in an effort to force an immediate House vote on a resolution to investigate the government seizure of the Montgomery Ward plant in Chicago. Speaker Sam Rayburn, indicating the administration favors a "cooling off' period, said he did not know when the House would take up the resolution. Cox, Smith Rally Forces But Democrats Cox of Georgia and Smith of Virginia tried to rally a majority of rules committee members to call a special meeting tomorrow morning with a view to forcing Chairman Sabath (Dem., Ill.) to sub- mit the legislation to the floor imme- diately. Rep: Dewey (Rep., Ill.), author of the resolution, declared he would take the floor tomorrow to demand a showdown with Sabath. Rep. Fish (Rep., N.Y.) ranking Republican on the rules committee predicted the House would vote 4 to 1 to investigate the seizure. Prompt Action Predicted An investigator sent to Chicago by the Senate judiciary committee will return to Washington Wednesday and Chairman McCarran (Dem., Nev.) predicted prompt committee action will follow his report. McCarran said "the question up- permost in the minds of Congress is: Are we preserving a government by law which is basic to this form of democracy or are we by any misinter- pretation or overstep forgetting that we are a government by law and attempting to set up a government of men." Rep. Hoffman (Rep., Mich.) sub- mitted legislation in the House today requiring a plant, such as Montgom- ery Ward, to have at least 50 per cent of its output definitely classed as war material before the government may seize it to end a labor dispute. Cox and Smith made a threat to change the rules of the House which have been in effect for years. Former Student To v i m Prim arv Pulitzer prize for international tele- graphic reporting in 1943. The Arizona-born correspondent, now assigned to the Anzio beach- head, has been covering World War II since the first German bombs dropped on Poland. Pyle Honored He was driven in turn from Po- land, Greece and Burma by the Ger- mans, Italians and Japanese and made his foray back into Axis terri- tory in a fishing boat with a wheezy engine operated by a Sicilian skipper. Ernie Pyle, of the Scripps-Howard newspaper alliance, whose newspaper column is devoted to the human side of the war and the every day events in the lives of the fighting men, won the award for distinguished corre- spondence. Tarawa Photograph Cited Frank Filan of the Associated Press won the war front photographic award for his famed picture, "Tarawa Island," showing a demolished Japa- nese pillbox with Japanese bodies strewn through the rubble. The picture, taken after Filan risked his life in going ashore with a Marine assault wave, was distributed by the Associated Press and other members of the wartime still photo- graphic pool, on Nov. 29, 1943. 'Homecoming' Wins The award for the best photograph on the home front went to Earle L. Bunker of the Omaha (Neb.) World- Herald. His picture, entitled, "Home- coming," showed a returning soldier clasping his small daughter in his arms at a railway station, while his wife cries with happiness. The photograph was taken July 15 and in addition to being published in the World-Herald it was serviced by Associated Press wirephoto. Price Gets Special Award A special citation was awarded to Byron Price, Director of the Office of Censorship and executive news editor of the Associated Press on leave, "for the creation and administration of the newspaper and radio code." "At the same time, the members of the advisory board of the graduate school of journalism deplore certain acts and policies of Army and Navy censorship in the handling of news at the source, and for the unreason- able suppression of information to which the American people are enti- tled," the Columbia University trus- tees said in announcing the awards. Defense Soviet Troops Kill 1,500; Get 43 Nazi Tanks By the Associated Press LONDON, May 2, Tuesday.-Masses of Soviet bombers attacking Brest- Litovsk Sunday night started nearly a score of fires in that fortress city which the Germans captured two days after their 1941 invasion of Rus- sia, and Red Army troops yesterday killed 1,500 Germans in local strug- gles, Moscow announced early today. A midnight bulletin said 600 Ger- mans were slain in two unsuccessful attempts to capture "advantageous positions" north of Iasi, Romanian rail center, while a battalion of 800 to 1,000 attacking Axis troops failed to gain ground and was wiped out southeast of Stanislawow in old Po- land. 17 Fires Started Brest-Litovsk is 115 miles east of the Polish capital of Warsaw, and about 80 miles northwest of Soviet land forces operating in the Kowel sector. It was seized by the Germans June 24, 1941, after they forced the nearby Bug River demarcation line. Seventeen fires were started at the rail junction and enemy military trains carrying troops, ammunition and equipment were left in flames, said the broadcast-bulletin recorded by the Soviet monitor. One Soviet plane was missing. Lull at Sevastopol No essential changes occurred on the land front, the communique said, and on all sectors during Sunday Soviet forces wrecked 24 German tanks and destroyed 43 planes. The German big.h command like- wise reported a lull in the Sevastopol, Crimea, and lower Dnestr River areas, but told of embittered fighting on the upper Dnestr River, presumably in the area southeast of Stanislawow, and southwest of Kowel, which is 170 miles southeast of Warsaw. Men To Register For Blood Bank Civilian men may register for the May Blood Bank from 8 a.m. to noon today at the Engine Arch and from 1 to 5 p.m. today at the Union. The quota for civilian male stu- dents has been set at 100, the Union War Activities Committee announced yesterday. The Red Cross mobile unit will be in Ann Arbor May 11 and 12. Because the University students have filled a large part of recent quotas, this month their quota has been lowered, giving townspeople a greater opportunity to volunteer as blood donors. Frank Knox Is Buried In Arlington Cemetery WASHINGTON, May 1.-- VP) - Frank Knox joined today the nation's military dead who rest from war in Arlington National Cemetery. The Secretary of the American Navy was buried on a cedar-bordered slope looking out over the national capital while the envoys and uni- formed representatives of the United Nations stood with bowed heads. The high commanders of the Army, Navy and Marines stood rigidly at atten- tion as three precise volleys cracked over the grave and a bugle called farewell. I;accaloni Ill; Unable To Sing at May Festival Luboshutz, Nemenoff, Duo-Pianists, To Play In Concert Saturday at Hill Auditorium "Because of laryngitis, Salvatore Baccaloni, basso-buffo, will be unable to perform at the opening concert of the 51st annual May Festival at 8:30 p.m. Thursday," Dr. Charles Sink, President of the University Musical Society, announced last night. "Negotiations with important ar- tists are now taking place, and I hope to be able to announce today the performer who will replace Mr. Bac- caloni," Dr. Sink added. Pianists To Play Saturday The May1 Festival audience will enjoy a "double feature" at the Sat- urday afternoon concert in Hill Audi- torium when duo-pianists Pierre Lu- boshutz and Genia Nemenoff play Harl McDonald's "Concerto for Two Pianos and Orchestra." The two, who are husband and wife, were both famous solo pianists prior to their marriage. Pierre Lubo- shutz is Russian born and appeared in recitals throughout Europe. His wife, Genia Nemenoff, who is Pari- sian born of Russian parents, had an enviable career as a solo artist. Played Under Ormondy Mr. and Mrs. Luboshutz average 50 engagements a season. In the seven years that they have played together in public, they have made over four hundred appearances in nearly 250 cities throughout Europe and America. While on their fall tour last No- vember the duo-piano team appeared with the Philadelphia Orchestra. Un- der the baton of Eugene Ormandy they played Mozart and McDonald concertos and introduced a new con- certo by Bohuslav Martinu. Unity, Freedom Is Aim Martinu had dedicated his con- certo to the Luboshutzes after hear- ing them perform under Serge Kous- sevitsky in 1942. Luboshutz, when he has been ques- tioned about duo-piano playing, has said, "The secret of good duo-piano Free French Soldiers Will Attend Plays A detachment of 40 Free French soldiers will be present at the French plays to be given at 8:30 p.m. tomor- row in the Lydia Mendelssohn Thea-' tre, Prof. Charles E. Koella, director of the plays, announced yesterday. . The men are stationed at the Wil- low Run Air Base for a few weeks and are under Captain Henry Billi- aert. They have been invited to at- tend the plays and also a party which will be held in the Rackham Building for the members of the casts. The three short plays to be given are "Rosalie" by Max Maurey, a comedy involving a stubborn maid, "Le Cuvier" (the washtub), a medie- val farce about a henpecked husband, and "Un Client serieux" by Georges Courteline, a farcical play satirizing court room procedure. The first two will be presented by students of French at the University and mem- bers of the department of romance languages will enact the third. playing is that it must sound like the performance of a single artist. "It's no easy task combining per- fect technical unity with complete artistic freedom. But that is neces- sary if duo-piano playing is to have soul." Their appearance in Ann Arbor will be one of the highlights of their return from a transcontinental tour from Cleveland to San Francisco. ,Jap Columns Push Westward In North China Medium Tanks Used First Time in Burma By the Associated Press Japanese columns have pushed westward in north China to solidify their hold in Asia, where Allied com- manders concede the major land bat- tles of the Pacific war will be fought. American-operated medium. tanks were brought into play for the first time in northern Burma in the only ground action pointed at restoring a supply line over which Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek can receive the modern military equipment he needs to stem the Japanese march in China._ 3,000 Miles from Objective Admiral Chester W. Nimitz's am- phibious push across the central Pa- cific is still 3,000 miles from his objective on the China coast. But it is progressing so well that he was able to report yesterday that a lone Navy Liberator was able to attack a ship and make strafing runs on two airdromes at the once supposedly impregnable central Pacific fortress of Truk. Paramushiro Hit Again To the north, Aleutian-based naval bombers rounded out April with an- other strike at the Paramushiro naval base in the Kurile Islands, which the late Secretary Knox said would some day be invaded and taken over as bases for attacks on Japan. The northChina area where crack Nipponese armies are making suc- cessful drives has been mentioned as a potential hopping-off place for American raids on Japan. Yingshang, objective of the newest Japanese drive to the west, is only about 900 miles west of Nippon in an area the Chinese have referred to as a "dagger pointed at the heart of Japan." Installation Night To Be Held at Rackham Installation Night, the annual cer- emony when women's appointments are announced, honor societies do their spring tapping, and scholar- ships are awarded, will be held at 8 p.m: today in Rackham Auditorium. Mme. Betty Barzin, noted refugee author, will speak on "America Through Belgian Eyes," and the cere- mony will be presided over by Marge Hall, '45, newly appointed head of Women's War Council, and Natalie Mattern, '45, 1944-45 head of Judi- ciary Council. Transport Loss By the Associated Press WASHINGTON, May 1.-The loss of 498 men in the recent sinking of an American ship by enemy action in the Mediterranean was announced today by the Army, the third major transport loss of life of the war. Whether the ship was attacked by enemy submarine or planes was not disclosed in the brief announcement, which did not mention survivors or give the date of the sinking. Relatives Notified "The vessel sank swift and 498 military personnel are missing," the Army said. "The next of kin of the personnel have been notified." Less than three months ago, the Army announed the loss of 1,000 men on an Allied ship sunk by enemy ac- tion in European waters on an un- disclosed date. On that occasion, ap- proximately an equal number of sol- diers was rescued. Losses Have Been Small The first major transport disaster of the war was the loss of about 850 Army, Navy and Marine Corps of- ficers and men early in February, 1943, when an enemy submarine sank two passenger-laden cargo ships in a North Atlantic convoy. In other transport sinkings, the loss of life has been small. The President Coolidge had more than 4,500 men aboard when she was sunk in the South Pacific in October, 1942, but only five lost their lives; and the Army suffered no casualties when several transports were - lost in the North African invasion a month later. Negro Housing Problem Heard By City Council Unless an ordinance prohibiting trailer parking longer than 30 days is revoked, Negro war workers may be forced to leave their jobs in Ann Arbor and return home, J. H. Kraft, 2740 Packard, proprietor of a trailer camp, said last night at a meeting of the city council., Because of the acute housing situa- tion, an earlier ordinance had been passed providing that trailers be per- mitted to park within the city for an indefinite time. However, as housing facilities became more available, City Clerk Fred Perry said, the council amended the ordinance, to provide that no trailer could be parked in Ann Arbor more than 30 days of any year. The ordinance was to apply to incoming trailers immediately and to trailers already here, next January. Housing Situation Acute Mrs. Harry Anderson, 1036 Wall, contending that the housing situation for Negroes still was acute, said they would be forced to leave the city if permanent trailer homes were pro- hibited. 'We're trying to help win the war," she said, "but unless we're given place to stay we'll have to go back home." A study of the problem was author- ized by the council. Traffic Survey Held Official council action was taken in respect to the intersection of Pack- ard and Stadium Blvd., scene of two fatalities last month. Councilman Maurice Doll, of the traffic commit- tee, revealed that the committee, in conjunction with the city police and the State Highway Department, are surveying traffic conditions at the crossing. Report will be made to the council when the survey is completed, Doll said. The council also set May 13 as the date of the town meeting to vote on a proposed increase in the assessment rate to meet costs created by city salary boosts last year. Hudson, Briggs Foremen Go on Strike in Detroit Bastion of Brest-Litovsk Army Reports Third Major STATE VIEWS ON ANTI-POLL TAX BILL: MYDA, IRA Delegates Sound Out Congressmen Delegates from campus organizations were assured this week-end, while lobbying in Washington for the Anti-Poll Tax Bill and cloture clause, that those Senators in favor of the bill would do all they possibly could to see that the bill was passed. The introduction of the bill has been postponed several times, but it is now definitely slated for presentation on May 9. The delegates represented Michi- of Secretary of the Navy, Frank Knox. "I believe that qualifications should be determined for voting, as is stipulated in the Constitution, However, I do not consider that paying a tax for voting is a qualifi- cation." Representative William Blackney f~ R.n ih ,....PcI. "T vntP for.th bill, and I hope it is passed. How- ever, if the cloture clause is passed, the supporters of the bill face the possibility that the supporters of a poll tax will not show up, when the bill is to be voted upon. If you don't have a quorum, then you can't vote for or against the bill." gan Youth for Democratic Action and Inter-Racial Association. of the bill, that they must also sup- nort th clotue ae.