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Editorial
Adjustments
After The War . . .
Fifty Years Of Continuous Publication
VOL. LL No. 122 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, MARCH 22, 1941 Z-323
s I
PRICE FIVE CENTS
German Air
Raid
Assails Draft Act
Cooperation Of Higher Learning,
Damages Convoy;
Serbs Halt Tie-Up
Deadly Attack. Blasts Two
British Ships Off Crete;
Matsuoko Visit Awaited
Internal Disruption
Stops Axis Alliance
BERLIN, March 21.-()-The Ger-
man air force reported tonight the
destruction of two British ships, in-
cluding a tanker, and probably a
third, in a strongly-guarded British
convoy plying the route of reinforce-
ment to Greece.
In the attack off the island of
Crete, the report said a tanker of
10,000 tons was hit directly and set
fiercely ablaze, afreighter of about
8,000 tons was blasted in two and
left in "a sinking condition," and
another freighter of about 6,000 tons
was seen to be listing amid clouds of
smoke.
The Mediterranean attack was re-
ported on the heels of a high com-
mand claim that 69,000 tons of mer-
chant shipping had been sunk by sub-
marines in an attack on a British
convoy off the west coast of Africa.
At the same time Axis quarters
connected the forthcoming visit of
Japanese Foreign Minister Yosuke
Matsouka with prospective moves in
"blitz diplomacy."
Usually reliable Japanese sources
here said Matsuoka might visit Lon-
don while in Europe. They were un-
able to say whether he would be like-
ly to visit the United States, too, on
his way home.
There was no discussion on the
possibility in other quartersnhow-
ever, (authoritative quarters in Lon-
don said they had no knowledge of
an impending visit by Matsuoka.)
The attack on the England-bound
convoy in African waters was made
the subject of a "sonder meldung"-
a special report-which is the cere-
monial form of transmitting infor-
mation which the High Command
regards of great importance to the
German people.
The announcement caused great!
elation here and was taken by Ger-
mans as proof that the intensified
submarine warfare which Hitler had
proclaimed for March and April was
well under way.
Military observers said U-boatsI
and planes were sinking Britain'sI
ships at such a rate that shipbuilders
of the world could not keep pace with{
it. The High Command announced
the sinking of another freighter and
the firing of a second in air attacks
about England.
The number of ships sunk from the!
convoy was not given, however. j
Interim d Disruption
Prevents Alliance
(3y The Associated Press)
BELGRADE, Yugoslavia, March 22,.
--Bitter Serb protests, bearing seeds
of internal disruption, threatened
tonight to prevent any immediate
alliance with the Axis by this coun-
try of variegated races, languages
and religions.
Premier Dragisa Cvetkovic and
Foreign Minister Alksandar Cincar-
Markovic were forced to hold in abey-
ance their plans to leave' for Vienna
tomorrow to sign an agreement with
Germany on Sunday.
The likelihood of delay-or of more
than mere delay-was raised by the,
angry objections of three Serb cab-;
inet ministers who resigned today
rather than approve an anti-British
accord with Germany and its allies.
The army rank and file, too, was
angry.
Prince Paul, head of the Yugoslav
Regency, ordered the ministers to
withdraw their resignations, but they
refused, and Paul tonight reluctantly
accepted their withdrawal from the
Government.
He instructed Cvetkovic and Vice-
Premier Vladimir Macek to try to
fill three vacancies quickly with com-
pliant ministers. These two went into
conferences late tonight in hope of
cutting as short as possible a crisis
which might rip Yugoslavia at its
racial seams.
Mobilized Serb soldiers singing,
American and French World War
songs paraded in the provinces last
night while Yugoslav/ Government
heads vainly sought to solve a crisis
I.
Pact Of Slavs
Is Not Binding,
Ehrmann Says
By EDMUND GROSSBERG
"It seems unlikely that the Ger-
mans would refrain from crossing
Yugoslavia if it should suit their pur-
pose to use the important. Morava
and Vardar river valleys in an in-
vasion of Greece."
This was the comment of Prof.
Howard M. Ehrmann of the history
department when interviewed yes-
terday on the reported terms of Yu-
goslavia's approaching pact with
Germany.
Referring to the clause which guar-
antees the territorial integrity of
Yugoslavia, Professor Ehrmann re-
called that several of Germany's al-
lies have aspirations against Yugo-
slavia.
He pointed out that Italy desires
Dalmatia,Hungarywants Western
Banat and parts of Croatia Slavonia,
and Bulgaria has claims to Old Mace-
donia.
Yugoslavia is not in a position to
resist German demands, he explained.
It is a weak country militarily and
not too wel solidified internally.
If the Germans take Salonika, they
(Continued on Page 6)
Doherty Men,
Leave Today
ForChicago
Seven Miehigan Tracksters
To Invade Windy City
For Annual - Relays
By HAL. WILSON
Seven of Coach KenNDoherty's
Wolverine trackmen leave at 1:37
p.m. today to join the star-studded
stream of cindermen from all over
the nation heading for the Inter-
national Amphitheatre where the an-
nual Chicago Relays get under way
tonight.
Most lavish of all Midwestern track
carnivals, the gigantic Windy City
meet has attracted virtually every
outstanding performer in the coun-
try, including holders of some 20
World's track and field records, and
no less than five World and 11 meet
marks are expected to topple before
the onslaught of this supercharged
army of spikemen.
Michigan's contenders for meet
honors and the diamond medals that
go with them are Capt. Don Canham,
Bud Piel, Al Thomas, and a crack
two-mile relay team, comprising Bob
Ufer, Warren Breindenbach, Dave
Matthews, and Johnny Kautz.
In a special matched relay race,
Michigan's quartet will bid for a
triumph over Indiana's powerful
foursome and Notre Dame's strong
(Continued on Page 3)
Revelli Goes To Pitt
Prof. William D. Revelli, Directoir
of the University Bands, is in Pitts-
burgh this week-end, where he is con-
ducting the Pennsylvania state high
school band clinic.
PRESIDENT RUTHVEN
NLRB
Serves
Ford Company
With Complaint
Unfair Labor Practices Is
Charge Made; Hearing
rTo Be Held April 14
DETROIT, March 21.-(/P--On the
heels of a federal mediator's report
of progress in efforts to make peace
between the Ford Motor Company
and the CIO's United Auto Workers,
the regional office of the National
Labor Relations Board late today is-
sued a complaint of unfair labor
practices against the company.
The formal complaint, embodying
charges of the CIO's auto union, cov-
ers alleged company anti-union ac-
tions from 1935 to 1940 and accuses
the company of having operated "an
extensive espionage system" among
employes. and maintained "gangs of
strong-arm men" to coerce workers.
Frank H. Bowen, Board regional
director in Detroit, announced a
hearing on the complaint before a
board trial examiner would be con-
ducted April 14. The complaint, Bow-
en said, was served on the company
this afternoon. It was the ninth labor
board complaint issued against the
company for alleged wui-union ac-
tivities in its plants throughout the
counury.
The strike notice affected the
Rouge, Lincoln and Highland Park
Ford plants, which together employ
nearly 100,000 men in the Detroit
area.
rmy I
Military
Education Hailed As True
Contribution To Defense
Before Michigan Grads
Important Speech
Quotations Listed
"The ills which afflict civilization
cannot be eradicated immediately
. but good judgment indicates
that they must be treated to relieve
distress, and common sense dictates
that the treatment we employ should
reflect our best knowledge and recog-
nize that there are. dangers to our
security within as well as without
the body politic."
"Even in a crisis it is important
to examine proposals and measures
for defense as they relate to and
involve institutions of higher learn-
ing and the services which these
agencies are capable of rendering."
Under the program of our present
selective service act "the stream of
skilled men flowing into society will
be checked at the source, to the loss
of important arms of the military
service and, of the civilians who must
support the armed forces."
- *
"All in all, our schools are not
being allowed to give their best to
the country."
"Michigan will suggest that it
would be far wiser to work out a
plan involving extensive use of sum-
mer encampments and stepped-up
winter training in the R.O.T.C. pro-
grams, and will insist that coopera-
tion between educati-nal institutions
and the military forces will produce
better citizens both for peace and
wor than an isolated year of in-
struction in military science."
* * *
"An efficient military organi-
zation cannot be democratic, and
to attempt to give to a war machine
the appearance of being so by
methods of conscription which real-
ly rob it of the men and services
it needs to operate successfully
is merely trying to fool the pub-
lie at great cost."
"Students see an enormous stand-
ing army in the process of construc-
tion and want to know where it is to
be used, especially since the country
is not at war."
Here is the text of President Ruthven's address before the Univer-
sity-of Michigan Club of New York, entitled "The University of Michigan
and National Defense."
"_qY PRINCIPAL MISSION on this occasion is to discuss the position
Michigan is taking in what is called 'the "national emergency."
The present situation calls for clear thinking and wise and courageous
action if educators and educational institutions are to avoid the mistakes
they made in the last war and properly serve the nation in a time of
need. You, as alumni, are entitled to know the problems, general and
specific, before the institutions of higher education and the attitude of
Michigan in regard to them.
"General Conditions"
"The situation in which the United States finds herself today
cannot correctly be called an emergency, in the sense of "an unforeseen
combination on circumstances," although it demands immediate action.
Present conditions have been in the making for many years, and regard-
less of the outcome of the conflicts now raging they will continue to exist
in greater or less intensity until man learns to curb effectively his sel-
fishness and greed and to know his neighbors as friends rather than as
customers to be exploited or competitors to be destroyed,
"The ills which afflict civilization cannot be eradicated immediately,
humans being what they are, but they are too painful and dangerous to
be endured. Good judgment indicates that they must be treated to
relieve distress, and common sense dictates that the treatment we em-
ploy should reflect our best knowledge and recognize that there are
dangers to our security within as well as without the body politic.
"No one can predict with assurance the outcome of the shameful
struggles now going on. Of some things, however, we may be sure. The
United States will bear the financial costs of the conflicts, irrespective
of who wins or loses them, and our children must be prepared to pay the
enormous debt. Again, at, or even befre, the conclusion of the present
wars, our country will find herself in competition, if not in war, with the
winner. or with some combination of nations if there should perchance
be a stalemate. Finally, whether she goes to war or only goes as far as
to build a strong military defense, this nation will find intellectual,
moral, and social values in great danger of being seriously impaired.
There are few bright spots in the picture now spread before us.
Must Guard Our Lives
"Self-preservation is such a strong instinct that in a warring world
we will certainly make preparations to guard our lives when aggression
seems to threaten, even though we know that killing people is no ade-
quate remedy for political rows and social maladjustments. We are,
therefore, now arming to the teeth, or at least attempting to do so. It is
doubtful, however, if we appreciate what an efficient defense program
should be. It will not suffice in these times, to build a strong army and
navy and at the same time lower the intellectual, cultural,. and health
standards of our nation. Solidarity will easily be jeopardized by discon-
tent in the process of increasing armed forces..
"War today is total war, whether it consists of shooting battles,
economic struggles, or ideological conflicts. It aims at the destruction
of the spirit as well as the bodies of men. It is not limited to activities
of troops but is nationwide in scope. Its most effective operations are
directed against the moral stamina, intellectual integrity, constructive
faith, and bodily and mental health of civilian popultions. Large, well-
trained, highly mechanized, well-armed forces are necessary, but an
intelligent, confident. loyal, well-cared-for citizenry is also essential to
a thorough-going defense organization. In other words, total war calls
for total defense. and even in a serious conflict it is as important to pro-
mote the comfort and security of the humblest citizen as it is to provide
for the welfare of the soldier.
"A WELL-ORDERED PLAN of protection for a democracy will not
fail to use properly the facilities of the colleges and universities.
These institutions can contribute to the solution of technical problems.
They are, in a number of fields, the chief or only source of experts. They
supply leadership in many phases' of communal living, and they assist
in raising the intellectual level and in preserving the ideals of our citi-
zenry. These are essential services in a changing world. Unless they are
(Continued on Page 4
Prof. Stalker Make s Advance
In Destroing Smoke Nuisance
Prof. Sherlock Collaborates In Redesigning Stacks
With Nozzle Tip To Reduce Inconvenience
By MORTON MINTZ
A significant advance in America's effort to destroy the industrial smoke
nuisance, costing millions each year, has been made by Prof. Edward A.
Stalker of the aeronautical engineering department and Prof. Robert H.
Sherlock of the civil engineering department.
Re-designing industrial smokestacks to make them narrower, with a
nozzle-like tip, the men found, resulted in squirting the rising smoke through
_,the "tornadoes" or eddies, which tend
Uniyersity President Gives
Speech Before Meeting
Of New York Alumni
Selective Draft
Program Indicted
"The University of Michigan will
insist that cooperation between' edu-
cational institutions and the military
forces will produce better citizens
both for peace and war than an iso-
lated year of instruction in milita~y
science," President Alexander G.
Ruthven declared in a speech last
night before the Michigan Club of
New York in which he described the
present military training program at
'the college level as inadequate and
"unnecessarily expensive.'
Explains University Position
Explaining that the general posi-
tion of the University would be that
the "safety of the nation in war as
in peace requires that the schools
as well as industries be kept -at peak
production," thepresident specifical-
ly suggested that' it would be "far
wiser to work out a plan involving
extensive use of summer encamp-
ments and stepped-up winter train-
ing in the R.O.T.C. programs" than
continue the present policy.
He laid four charges at the door
of the present selective service act
in its application to college students:
1. "It checks the stream of skilled
men-doctors, engineers, chemists,
dentists-at the source to the loss
of important arms of the military
service and of the civilians who must
support the armed forces."
2. "It further aggravates the dearth
of trained men in the several pro-
fessions which guard the health of
the army and nation as a whole."
Drive Short-Sighted
3. The present drive to have stu-
dents shorten or forego college train-
ing defense work is short-sighted in
"sacrificing the supply of trained
men to secure a limited number of
unskilled workers."
4. "Skilled teachers are being called
into the service either as reserve of-
ficers or for other reasons, to the
great detriment of instruction."
"The University expects criticism
for its stand," the president' said,
prefacing a defense of the Univer-
sity's position from anticipated
charges that "college deferment is
undemocratic," that it is 'tminimiz-
ing the dangers to the nation," and
that those who ask for deferment are
"lacking in loyalty."
Answers First Charge
In answer to the first charge he
maintained that "efficient military
organization cannot be democratic,
and to attempt to give a war ma-
chine the appearance of being so
by methods of conscription which
really rob it of the,men and services
it needs to operate successfully is
merely trying to -fool the public at
great cost."
In refutation of the second charge
the president said it must be made
clear "that the army cannot stop the
production and at the same time have
the needed number of trained men,"
and emphasizes that the "civilian
population must not be neglected in
such times if we are to preserve the
American way of life."
The president termed the third
charge as the "unkindest cut of all"
and saidthat students who ask for
deferment to continue their college
education are "only trying to do what
every good citizen should aspire to
do-get themselves prepared to give
the best they have for their country."
Questions Program
Apart from the more obvious in-
terferences to education entailed in
the present service act, the president
questioned whether a program that
interferes sc, seriously with the lives
of the men engaged in the social
sciences and other studies will pro-
duce social patterns that the country
desires.
Student attitudes cannot be safely
; Preferable
Training, RuthvenSays
To
Isolated
Funeral
Services
For Marie Douglas
To Be Held Today
I I'
Private funeral services for Miss Debate Team
Marie Louise Douglas, prominent Ann
Arbor resident and daughter of a:
former faculty member, will be held
today at the Douglas home.
Despite the fact that she was 81 Hemisphere Alliance Plant
years old, Miss Douglas took an ac- Will Be Propositioin
tive part in many civic projects un-
til she was taken ill last Thanks- Chester Myslicki, '42, and William
giving. She was especially interested H sye4 wll r nt th
in historical research and frequent- Halliday, '43, will represent the Uni-
ly cooperated with University officials versity against Birmingham Southern
in work of this nature. College two-man team in the Varsity
Miss Douglas was the daughter of men's Debate to be held at 4 p.m. to-
Dr. Silas H. Douglas, who played a day in Room 1205, Angell Hall.
large part in the establishment of T-ey will argue the national inter-
the University's department of medi- Teyite areposi tion Renled:
cine. A member of the faculty for collegiate proposition, "Resolved:
33 years, he was dean of the medical That the nations of the Western
school, head of the chemical labor- Hemisphere should form a permanent
atory and professor of a variety of alliance."
subjects. ' -4cm A r ihp diar.fi , f
i
T
t
f
Fair Judgment Is In Realizinga
One's Premises, Sabine Says
By R. SAMUEL MANTHO
"The surest road to impartiality of
judgment lies not through the sup-
pressing of one's convictions but
through making oneself fully aware
of what they are," Prof. George H.'
Sabine, of the Sage School of Philos-
ophy at Cornell University, declared
in a University lecture yesterday.
"There is nothing illogical in the
process of valuation. What is illogi-
cal is the unavowed premise and con-
clusion reached by innuendo," he ex-
plained.
The analytical solution is the only
escape from the dilemma of social
which makes value independent of
human concern is suspect, he said.
' Considering the pragmatic line of
thought, Professor Sabine termed the
theory "more radical" than the ethi-
cal realism concept in that it devi-
ates from formal logic. The prag-
matic dogma as introduced by Dewey
defines logic as the theory of in-
quiring and proceeds by beginning
with a problemnatic situation, he ex-
plained.
But every inquiry is an inference
and every study must include valua-.
tion, he argued.
The objection to pragmatism is that
it uses terms that essentially involve
Arthur Secord of the speech depart-
ment will meet its second opponent
of the spring schedule.
Joe Schroeder, '43, and Arthur
Biggins, '41, will meet the teams
representing the University ofDe-
troit and Wayne University in 'two
debates on the same question in De-
troit Monday.
The next home debate will be held
with Boston College March 28. Big-
gins and Schroeder. will again repre-
sent the University.
Karp iski's Help
Asked By Detroit
Prof. Louis C. Karpinski, of the
mathematics department, said today
that he had been employed by Detroit
FDR's Cruise
To Be Delayed
ABOARD USS BENTON, Port Ev-
erglades, Fla., March 21.-(P)-Presi,-
dent Roosevelt rode salt water to-
night, but he was not getting far on
a fishing trip.
The White House yacht, Potomac,
lay at anchor behind the harbor
breakwaters here, still waiting favor-
able weather before nosing into the
open Atlantic.
Speculation began to develop whe-
ther adverse weather was the only
factor delaying the start of the cruise
and whether the President might have
to drag the gases down into the
smooth upper air layers where they
diffuse normally.
The eddies, above and on the side
of the stacks, are generated by the
building and the stcks themselves.
Two horizontal tornado-like eddies
point downstream from the top of the
stack and many vertical ones are shed
from the stack sides. Both types suck
the smoke down in much the same
manner as a natural tornado sucks
up dust or a water spout draws up
water,
Research in the University wind
tunnel with a scale model of a Chi-
cago plant that was concerned with
this problem demonstrated to Profes-
sors Stalker' and Sherlock that the