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Editorials
The Vicious Circle ...
Hands On The Stars .
VOL. XLVI Nc. 85
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, JANUARY, 23, 1936
PRICE FIVE CENTS
mmmmwm
Bonus Bill
Is Sent To
President
House Passes Measure By
Overwhelming Majority
Of 287 Votes
Will Be Payable In
$50 Bonds In June
Two Billion In Payments
Will Not Weaken Dollar,
Says Rep._Fish
WASHINGTON, Jan. 22.- (P) -
An over-powering House majority to-
day sped a bond payment bonus bill
to the White House, handing to Pres-
ident Roosevelt the politically deli-
cate problem of deciding within 10
days whether to let the legislation be-
come law or risk the overriding of a
veto.
For 3,500,000 World War veterans,
enactment will mean cash for their
adjusted service' certificates nine
years ahead of the present maturity
date.
For the government, it will pose the
question of raising at least $1,000,000,-
000 at once and $2,491,000,000 even-
tually.
Again by a margin greatly in ex-
cess of the two-thirds needed to over-
ride a veto, the House went on record
for the bonus. By a 346 to 59 vote
it agreed to the Senate's proposal
for payment in $50 bonds, cashable
on demand after June 15.
Almost before the steady chorus
of "ayes" died down in the House,
Speaker Joseph W. Byrns wrote his
signature on the bill. Vice President
Garner signed it also within little
more than an hour, and with the ink
scarcely dry it was rushed to the
White House.
Handed To President
Instead of going by messenger, the
usual practice, the bill was taken to
the executive offices by Rep. Claude
V. Parsons, (Dem., Ill.), chairman of
the House Committee on enrolled
bills. Even so, he had to hand it
not to the President, but to a clerk.
The chief Executive offered not a
single hint as to whether he would
sign the bill, veto it, or let the measure
become law by doing neither within
the limit of 10 legislative days set
by the Constitution.
No sooner had the bill reached the
White House than Henry H. Curran,
director of the National Economy
League, addressed this telegram to
the President:
"Give them the same good veto
message you gave them a year ago.
That was a bad bonus bill and a good
message. This bonus bill is just as
bad, so make the message just as
good."
Bonus Leaders Confident
Congressional bonus leaders con-
tended, however, that it made no dif-
ference what the President did. They
argued that they could control far
more votes than are needed to killa
veto.
In addition to providing for pay-
ment in baby bonds, the bonus bill
would offer veterans 3 per cent in-
terest yearly from June 15, 1936, to
June 15, 1945, if they retain the bonds
as an investment. It would cancel all
unpaid interest on loans on their cer-
tificates that has accrued since Oct.
1, 1931.
Chairman John E. Rankin, (Dem.,
Miss.), of the House Veterans Co-
mittee, spoke the sentiment of many
of his colleagues when he took the
floor to describe today's vote as "posi-
tively the last chapter in the fight for
payment of the bonus."
Usually a staunch administration
man, Chairman Robert C. Doughton,
(Dem., N.C.), of the Ways and Means
Committee, which handled the legis-
lation, asked "for an overwhelming
vote --if not a unanimous vote" for
his resolution providing for accept-
ance of the Senate's bond plan. The
House bill previously passed called
only for immediate cash payment, but
specified no method.
Speaker Byrns was among those
voting for the resolution.
One prominent Republican, Rep.
Hamilton Fish (Rep., N.Y.), conceded
that the legislation would not "impair
the soundness of the dollar."
Student Does Little Eva
Stunt To Collect Wager
King's Clergymen Describes
Ceremony Of George's Funeral'
Dr. Fellowes, Present At
Rites Of Queen Victoria,
Tells About Services
By RICHARD G. HERSHEY
One of the most "tremendously im-
pressive" and colorful funeral services
England has ever seen will be held
Tuesday for King George V, Canon
Edmund H. Fellowes. a member of the
clergy of St. George's chapel in Wind-
sor, England, stated in an interview
yesterday.
Dr. Fellowes, who is in Ann Arbor
while on a lecture tour of the United
States, has been a member of the
clergy of the chapel for more than
25 years, and had been transferred
to the chapel of the Windsor Castle
just a few months before the death
of Queen Victoria. He is a recog-
nized authority in the composition
and performance of music, and for a
time was master of the choir of the
St. George's chapel.
Because he took an active part in
the funeral of Queen Victoria, Dr. Fel-
lowes vividly described the probable
procedure of the King's funeral to be
held Tuesday.
"After resting in Westminster Hall
for a few days, the coffin of King
George, made five years ago of the
hardy oaks from the Sandringham
forest, will be carried to Paddington,
the London depot of the Great West-
ern Railway. Then it will go to Wind-
sor," he said.
In Windsor, which is about 20 miles
from London, the coffin will be placed
on a gun carriage and drawn through
the streets of the city by British
sailors. Sailors pull the carriage, he
explained, because at the funeral of
Queen Victoria it was an extremely
cold day and the horses drawing the
gun carriage refused to pull the cof-
fin. A group of sailors thereupon
marched forward from the ranks and
pulled the carriage to the castle. "Very
probably the sailors will assert their
right again," he observed.
The carriage with the coffin of King
George will then move through the
streets of Windsor and through Hyde
Park up to Windsor castle, Dr. Fel-
lowes continued.
Streets will be lined with tremen-
Pa y ne Shows
Superiority Of
Younger Men
BLOOMINGTON, Ind., Jan. 22-(!P7)
The young instructor, fresh and vig-
orous in his pursuits, holds an ad-
vantage over the more experienced
professors in institutions of higher
learning, according to Dean Fernan-
dus Payne, of the University of In-
diana.
He cites experiments to show that
any differences in efficiency between
the young and old instructor are in
favor of the former.
In one critical analysis, the in-
structors scored 54.74; assistant pro-
fessors, 54.26; associate professors,
54.15, and professors, 50.13.
Thd same study also compared
teachers who had taught from one to
11 years with those who had taught
more than 11 years. The efficiency
score for the first group was 55.68,
and for the second 48.82.
"From whatever angle the ap-
proach was made, the difference in
favor of the young instructor per-
Fisted," said Dean Payne. "As you
would expect, there was a wide range
of variation in each group. The poor-
est and also the best teachers among
those studied were young instructorsl
with two years' experience.
dous crowds, and the military with
all their showy uniforms and gold
braid will escort the casket to its final
resting place. Kings from foreign
states, all the English nobility, and
ambassadors from the great nations
of the world will follow the carriage
through the streets, and make the pa-
rade more than a mile long, he said.
Upon arrival at the castle, the oak
coffin will be carried up the broad
steps leading to the chapel and then
placed directly in front of the altar.
The various orders of nobles, such
as the Knights of the Gartar, will
stand on the left of the casket as
you face it, he stated, and on the
right will stand the clergy of the
chapel.
Headed by King Edward VIII, the
former prince of Wales, the mourners
of the king will stand directly behind
the coffin, while Queen Mary will be
in the royal box above the altar. Then
will follow all the nobility, in order
of their titles, dressed in their most
colorful robes.
"Your representative, the Amer-
ican, will be dressed in full evening
attire, and will create a marked con-
trast with the other famous person-
ages" he said.
The ladies of the court, he ex-
(continued on Page 2)
Edward VIII
Enthroned At
Saint James
Body Of George Rests In
Little Country Church
Near Sandringham
LONDON, Jan. 22. - () - Edward
VIII~was proclaimed King today and
began the thirty-ninth rule of the
British people since the Norman Con-
quest.
From his lonely throne, the forty-
one-year-old bachelor, with a new
solemnity because of his responsibili-
ties, plunged into the affairs of state.
He conferred with Prime Minister
Stanley Baldwin' and then sadly re-
turned to Sandringham.
There his dead father, George V.
attended by simple country folk, rest-
ed in the little parish church. To-
morrow his body will be brought to
London by special train, arriving at
2:45 p.m.
It will lie in state in Westminster
Hall until Monday night. Burial with
a great state funeral ceremonial will
take place Tuesday at Windsor.
From the balcony of St. James'
Palace, at Charing Cross, again at
Temple Bar, and finally at the Royal
Exchange, in the heart of the City
of London, the new King was publicly
proclaimed.
Ten thousand troops lined the
streets while picturesque trumpeters
sounded a fanfare and a forty-one-
gun salute boomed in the honor of
the man who symbolizes Empire Un-
ity.
The words of the ancient procla-
mation were carried throughout the
mighty Empire, embracing every con-
tinent, by radio - a modern touch
to the picturesque medieval proceed-
ings. Many of Edward's 500,000,000
subjects heard them.
The King, who broke tradition by
flying here yesterday, the first British
Ruler to travel by air, had planned to
return to Sandringham the same way,
but threatening weather prevented
and he left by train, accompanied by
the Duke and Duchess of York and
the Duke and Duchess of Gloucester.
Laval Resigns;
LeBrun Seeks
New Premier
Serious Crisis Seen As
Result Of Resignation
Of French Cabinet
Five Powers
Form Pact To
ResistItaly
Britain, France, Greece,
Turkey And Yugoslavia
Unite Forces
Mercury Plunges
To 5 Below Zero;
Predict New Low
To Discuss Europe
Two Others Refuse Mediterranean Sea
Prime Minister Job Guarded By Allies
I Howling 35-Mile-An-Hour
Gale Heralds Coldest
Spell Of Winter
55 Below Reported
In Somie Localities
Albert Sarraut May Be
Called In By President
To Take Position
PARIS, Jan. 22. - (P) - Pierre La-
val's "Save the franc" cabinet
reached a long-expected collapse to-
day, precipitating a serious govern-
mental crisis.
President Albert LeBrun began at
once to seek a new premier, but par-
liamentary sources said the search
would be long and tedious. The dan-
ger of grave "financial and foreign
consequences" was predicted by na-
tionalist minister of the state, Louis;
Marin, who refused to sign the cab-;
inet collective resignation.
M. Laval and two other prospec-
tive premiers refused the job late
today and it was announced officially
that. M. LeBrun would wait until
morning to continue his effort to find
a suitable man. The radical social-
ist Albert Sarraut, who was premier
for a month in 1933, was expected to
be the next to be consulted.
Marcel Regnier, erstwhile minister1
of finance, might be called upon at
length to become premier and stave
off devaluation until a new chamber'
of deputies is chosen in the spring.'
M. Laval, who has held the reins of'
French government for the compara-
tively lengthy period of seven and'
one-half months, quit with the rest'
of his ministry when Edouard Her-
riot and the three other radical so-
cialist ministers abandoned the gov-
ernment because of their part in the
condemnation of the premier 's poli-
cies, domestic and foreign.
M. Laval put the plan for the cab-t
inet's collapse squarely on the radical
socialists. He took the ministers
directly from a cabinet meeting in
the Quai D'Orsay to the Elysee tower.
There, under gala trappings strung
for a diplomatic ball which was can-j
celled with the death of King George
V of England, the independent pre-t
mier let his cabinet fall apart int
front of the president.
Burke Shartel
Gives Talk On
Supreme Court
Says (:ongress Has Right
To Create Laws Which
Seem Necessary
That a "case which will prove a
Constitutional landmark" has been
settled in a decision which contra-
dicts itself was the conclusion of Prof
Burke Shartel of the Law School in
a talk last night before the Citizens'
Council in the City Hall.
In reaching this opinion on the
Supreme Court's invalidation of the
AAA, Professor Shartel first explained
that the Constitution gives Congress
authority for making any laws needed
to carry out powers delegated it.
Broaduse ofuthis authority has long
been accepted by the Court, he point-
ed out.
French Promise Support
Of Britain 'Declared
Fully, In Advance'
GENEVA, Jan. 22. -(AP) - Official
announcement that Great Britain,
France, Turkey, Greece and Yugosla-
via will fight in common to resist any
attack by Italy gave the Ethiopian
conflict an historic turn tonight.
These five powers, dominating the
Mediterranean Sea, will pool their
military, naval and air forces if Pre-
mier Benito Mussolini strikes a blow
at the British Fleet.
The Mutual Assistance Pact as-
sumed even greater proportions with
subsequent word that the remaining
members of the Little Entante, Ru-
mania and Czechoslovakia, approve
Yugoslavia's participation and will
stand behind her.
Through a memorandum from
Great Britain, the League of Nations
disclosed details of the mutual as-
sistance pact at a strategic moment.
The document was published just
after the League's Sanctions Commit-
tee of eighteen had decided to push
on with the question of oil sanctions
against Italy, at least to the extent
of asking governmental experts to
determine whether such an embargo
can be practically effective.
Creation of an experts committee
was regarded in some league circles
as increasing the likelihood that oil
sanctions would be applied.
Italy, having defied the League by
virtually refusing to countenance al-
location of funds for use of the Sanc-
tions Committee, created another]
sensation by warning she would pro-
test the Mediterranean Mutual As-,
sistance Pact.
Special interest was attached
meantime, to France's reply to Great;
Britain on the Mutual Assistance1
agreement.
Categorically, the French declared
their "support of Great Britain is as-
sured fully and in advance" in the
event of an attack on Britain by Italy
by reason of British collaboration in
international actions undertaken by
the League.
Ilaydens Will Sail
Saturday For U.S.
Prof. Joseph R. Hayden, who has
been on leave of absence from the
faculty during the past two years
while he served as vice-governor of
the Philippines, will, with his family,
sail on the S. S. Europa from Cher-s
bourg Saturday, and expects to ar-
rive in New York, Jan. 30, according
to a cablegram received here yester-
day by Dr. and Mrs. Louis P. Hall of
Ann Arbor, Mrs. Hayden's parents.
Professor and Mrs. Hayden and
their son and daughter, Joseph R.,
Jr., and Mary, will go to Washington
for a day or two before they return
to Ann Arbor. Another daughter,E
Elizabeth, remained in France to at-
tend school there.'
Professor Hayden will resume his
position on the political science de-
partment next semester.
DOROTHY THOMPSON
Miss Thompson
To Lecture On
Social Trends
Famous Newspaperwoman
To Speak Tonight On
Foreign,U. S. Policies
An analysis of recent social and
conomic legislation in America in
comparison with the trend of govern-
mental activity in European countries
will be made by Dorothy Thompson
in her lecture at 8:15 p.m. today
in Hill Auditorium under the aus-
pices of the Oratorical Association.
Famous in her own right as a for-
eign newspaper correspondent and
feature writer for the Saturday Eve-
ning Post, and noted as the wife of
Sinclair Lewis, Dorothy Thompson
has entitled her address "Re-Discov-
ering America."
A representative for the Curtis
Newspapers in Vienna for three years,
Miss Thompson was appointed chief
of the Central European Bureau of
the New York Evening Post.
Daughter of a Methodist minister
in New York, she first achieved fame
more than 10 years ago when she
set out for Europe on her own, and
"scooped" the newspaper world the
first week after her arrival in Eng-
land by a personal interview with
Terrence MacSwiney shortly before
he was arrested for leading the fa-
mous Irish hunger strike. She was
put on the front pages of the press
in Europe and America two years agor
when Hitler expelled. her from Ger-
many.
She will be introduced by Miss Alice
Lloyd, dean of women. Tickets for
the lecture, priced at 35 and 50 cents,
may be obtained at Wahr's State
Street bookstore or at the Hill Audi-
torium boxoffice.
SEEKS CUT IN BREAD PRICE
GRAND RAPIDS, Jan. 22. - (P) -
The retail division of the Grand Rap-
ids Association of Commerce received
a demand from City Manager C.
Sophus Johnson today that it seek a
reduction in bread prices.
Falling Barometer Shows
Icy Cold Has Yet To Hit
Low Mark For Year
The mercury ended its all day
plunge at 5 degrees below zero last
night, gripping Ann Arbor in the
coldest weather of the winter.
A falling barometer, reported . at
the weather bureau of the University
Observatory late last night indicated
that the temperature had not yet
reached the nadir and could be ex-
pected to fall even lower today. The
barometer reading last night was
given at 28.72. The Detroit weather
bureau predicted that the cold spell
would last three days.
The reading of 5 below,, officially
reported at 10:30 p.m. yesterday,
came as the bottom of the long,
swift drop which started in the
morning. At 7 a.m. yesterday, the
weather bureau gave the official
temperature at 13.23 above zero. By
noon it had dropped to 9 above. At
7 p.m. the official reading was 3.2 de-
grees below zero, and at 10:30 p.m., 5
below.
55 Below In Canada
Heralded by a howling 35-mile-an-
hour gale, wind and blizzard, the
cold spell held the entire Midwest
in its icy grasp. In some spots the
bitter temperatures, which came
blustering out of the Canadian North-
west, sank to 55 degrees below zero,
according to the Associated Press.
The wind subsided last night, be-
ing reported by the weather bureau
here at 7 p.m. at 16 miles an hour.
It drifted the 'snow, which fell spas-
modically all day, into huge drifts,
making county highways, in some
places, impassWle. The Washte-
naw County road commission worked
late into the night attempting to
clear strategic points, and its trucks,
as well as those of the city highway
department, were hauling snow off
travelled streets.
No Estimate Made Of Snow
Because of drifts caused by the
high wind, the weather bureau re-
ported, an actual estimate of snow-
fall could not be made. The "melted
snowfall" was reported at .03, the ac-
tual snowfall probably being more
than an inch. The total snowfall for
the recent series of blizzards is be-
lieved to be nearly two feet.
No accidents or injuries caused by
the cold and snow were reported here,
although several cases of severe freez-
ing and exposure, some resulting in
fatalities, occurred throughout the
cold weather area.
The Upper Peninsula was hit even
harder than this section. Most
places reported temperatures around
15 to 20 degrees below zero, accord-
ing to the Associited Press, and traf-
fic throughout the state was tied up.
Shipping on the Great Lakes was
practically ended, dispatches said, as
the northwest wind shifted gigantic
ice floes across navigation routes.
Many ports were blockaded, accord-
ing to Coast Guards, and ice was re-
ported to be forming within har-
bors.
Different Type' Of King Is Now
Ti-- 71-u 7 w T'U7 /YfL
No Danger Of Mr
War Seen By Do
By CLINTON B. CONGER
Turmoil in Europe, but no immi-
nent danger of war on a large scale,
was the picture of the European sit-
uation presented last night by Dor-
othy Thompson, noted woman jour-'
nalist, in an interview upon her ar-
rival for her scheduled Oratorical As-
sociation lecture today.
A major war, she maintained, is out
of the question at the present mo-
ment, first because a warring nation
in a "world" war must be assured of
allies, a difficult proposition under
today's diplomatic situation, and see-,
ondly because the only nations in-
terested in war at present are those
who have something to gain, and
those nations reduce themselves to
two, Germany and Italy, of which
-_:---- i, "'ofrinf.iPI.
aior E1uroloean,
Also, he stated, Congress is specifi- E s1e
rot TyompsonIgrant money for the general welfare.
This broad power, which appears cap- By FRED WARNER NEAL
table of almost any interpretation, has A By F REWRN Es tEA y
total accord with the goveinment' i A colorful figure who loves the gay+
ad accordi arc willingmto never been passed upon by the Su- society of the Continent, Edward VIII
voice preme Court before the AAA ruling. will be a "very different type of king
to joui'nalists their criticisms and un-,
favorable news. hssHere, Professor Shartel stated, they than his dead father, the quiet, re-
Since this news naturally cannot stopped. No ruling was made in the tiring George V, in the opinion of
bececked through ofaly sce, majority decision as to whether the Prof. Paul W. Cuncannon of the po-
the correspondent's news is only too assisting of agriculture furthered the litical science department.
likely to be prejudiced against the general welfare of the nation. Although he paid tribute to the
government, especially when he con- With this opinion a minority of characters of both King George and
siders the fact that a large propor- three in the Court disagreed; and King Edward, Professor Cuncannon,
tion of his reading public at home, their argument Professor Shartel then predicting last night that Edward
as is the case with the German cor- outlined. Starting from the ruling will play a prominent part in Brit-
respondents, are themselves preju- that Congress actually possessed ish diplomacy, expressed a doubt as
diced against that government. power to tax for the general welfare, to "whether he possesses his father's
Miss Thompson was herself ousted the minority pointed out that Con- great wisdom and innate tact."
from Germany on a direct order from gress necessarily had authority to , He held that in the new king, the
Hitler after adverse criticism, shar- make laws providing for the carrying far-flung empire will find "a real
ing this exile with Edgar Ansel out of this power. This Federal power, personality to symbolize and lead the
Mowrer, foreign writer for the C hi- like all Federal powers, was supreme old imperial spirit which is at pres-
cago Daily News, who, while not or- and overruled any implied state ent stirring in Britian. It should be
nini rights. a great reign."
Luncannon says
notable one," Professor Cuncannon
declared, pointing out that it included
the passage of the Parliament Bill,
the great war, the period of peace, the
creation of the Irish Free State and
the entrance of Britian into the
League of Nations. Many years ago,
he said, Walter Bagehot, a noted
British political commentator, de-
clared that a man who was king for
a decade knew more politics than
anybody in England and became a'
storehouse of political wisdom.
"His part in the political events of
1931 was so commanding," Professor
Cuncannon asserted, "that the
changes were referred to as 'the Pal-
ace Revolution.' His was the idea of
a national government and he per-
sonally persuaded the leaders of the
various parties to enter the coalition.
The dead king followed affairs with
'Crack Down'
After Alcatraz
Prison Revolt
SAN FRANCISCO, Jan. 22. - (P)-
Alcatraz prison's first "revolt" began
to wither today under severe disci-
pline and bread and water diet, but
Warden James A. Johnston said 75
of the dangerous prisoners still were
in a rebellious mood.
The warden reported 25 of the 100
prisoners who "struck" Monday for
more privileges had given up the idea
and agreed to obey prison rules.
"Conditions are considerably im-
proved," said Johnston. "We are at-
tempting to get the ringleaders. We
expect to sort out more men and
.._... 1 1 - _t ..-.a .. rs,- +- I